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Search results for: capital gap
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The condition of economies. Do most valuable global brands matter?
PublicationResearch background: Brands are considered to be the most valuable asset of a company. Some of them achieve spectacular global results. The significance of global brands is proved by the fact that their value is often greater than the sum of all company’s net assets. Purpose of the article: The aim of this article is to highlight that brand value does not only create company’s value, but also leverages economies. The Authors claim...
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Upward convergence patterns in chosen environmental-related SDGs
PublicationSustainable development is a challenge facing humanity. EU countries not only strive to reach their specific objectives, but they also work collaboratively towards shared goals. There is a need to balance synergies and compromises to address these objectives effectively. When discussing countries' development and people's well-being, one often focuses on socio-economic development. However, it is crucial not to overlook the environmental...
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The importance of a place in a small or medium - Sized Town.- Vol. 2
PublicationPublic space is a matter of concern for international humanitarian organisations. The paper describes the initiative of UNHabitat organisation for the creation of Charter of Public Space and the draft of this document. Next the definition of “place” is provided and the definitions of social capital and the bond between social capital and place attachment are presented. The actions proposed nowadays to create places are described....
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Wartość miejsca w małym i średnim mieście
PublicationPublic space is a matter of concern for international humanitarian organisations. The paper describes the initiative of UN-Habitat organisation for the creation of Charter of Public Space and the draft of this document. Next the definition of “place” is provided and the definitions of social capital and the bond between social capital and place attachment are presented. The actions proposed nowadays to create places are described....
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Does source matter? Generation of investment expenditures by different types of local government revenues
PublicationThe purpose of the article was to investigate the impact of the three fundamental statutory categories of budget revenues, i.e. own revenues, general subsidies and specific grants on the size of investments made by local government units in Poland. The subject scope included the local government subsector in its entirety, as well as divided into 4 groups: communes (gminas), cities with powiat rights, districts (powiats) and province...
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Zielone stolice Europy
PublicationPodsumowanie nowej inicjatywy Unii Europejskiej - ''Zielone Stolice Europy'' (European Green Capital), polegającej na wyróżnieniu miast -liderów we wdrażaniu kompleksowej polityki ochrony środowiska.
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Durability evaluation of Ni‐Cr‐Mo super alloys in a simulated scrubbed flue gas environment
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Application of gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) in analysis and quality assessment of alcoholic beverages - a review
PublicationW ostatnich latach prowadzone są intensywne badania nad aktywnością sensoryczną poszczególnych składników zapachów napojów alkoholowych i nad zależnościami pomiędzy zapachem, a składem chemicznym lotnej frakcji tych produktów z wykorzystaniem techniki chromatografii gazowej z detekcją olfaktometryczną (GC-O). GC-O jest techniką wykorzystującą możliwość oceny sensorycznej eluatu z kolumny chromatograficznej, przy czym dla każdego...
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General form of fixed point indices of an iterated C^1 map andinfiniteness of minimal periods
PublicationDla zwartego podzbioru punktów periodycznych gładkiego odwzorowania podana zostaje formuła na indeksy iteracji. Wynik stanowi uogólnienie rezultatu Chowa, Malleta-Pareta i Yorke'a.
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Sample preparation for gas chromatographic determination of halogenated volatile organic compounds in environmental and biological samples
PublicationPodstawowym elementem przygotowania próbek środowiskowych i biologicznych do analizy jest etap izolacji i/lub wzbogacania polegający na przeniesieniu analitów z matrycy pierwotnej charakteryzującej się złożonym i często zmiennym składem (próbka oryginalna) do matrycy wtórnej z równoczesnym usunięciem substancji przeszkadzających (izolacja)i zwiększeniem stężenia analitów do poziomu powyżej granicy oznaczalności stosowanego przyrządu...
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Experimental and mathematical modelling study of gas combustion under the high-temperature and oxygen-deficient oxidizers
PublicationPraca przedstawia wyniki badań eksperymentalnych i modelowania numerycznego wpływu parametrów utleniacza za długość i objętość płomienia przy spalaniu paliwa gazowego w środowisku o wysokiej temperaturze i ubogim w tlen.
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Creation of a map of optimal spindle speeds for a purpose of surveillance of high speed milling of flexible details
PublicationDrgania samowzbudne typu chatter często towarzyszą procesom frezowania szybkościowego. Ich skutkiem są nieodwracalne uszkodzenia powierzchni obrabianej. Mogą one również doprowadzić do intensywnego zużycia narzędzi skrawających, a nawet samej obrabiarki. W pracy przedstawiono metodę umożliwiającą tworzenie mapy optymalnych prędkości obrotowych wrzeciona. Stosowanie podczas procesu frezowania optymalnej prędkości obrotowej wrzeciona...
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A comparison of three solvent-free techniques coupled with gas chromatography for determining trihalomethanes in urine samples
PublicationDążenie do oznaczania lotnych analitów organicznych w próbkach płynów biologicznych charakteryzujących się złożonym, a często zmiennym składem matrycy, stanowi siłę napędową do działań analityków w zakresie poszukiwania nowych rozwiązań metodycznych i aparaturowych. Publikacja ta przedstawia porównanie trzech technik zastosowanych do tych celów: technikę analizy fazy nadpowierzchniowej z generacją strumienia ciekłego sorbentu...
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Monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in atmospheric air. Part I. On-line gas analyzers
PublicationThe paper reviews the subject literature concerning the analytical instruments routinely used for monitoring volatile organic compounds in atmospheric air. The analyzers are classified as stationary or mobile according to their ease of transport. Stationary DOAS (Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy) analyzer is characterized, as are MIMS (Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry), MESI (Membrane Extraction with Sorbent...
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Studies on development of headspace - gas chromatographic determination of volatile fatty acids in troublesome environmental samples
PublicationBadania nad opracowaniem procedur oznaczania LKT w silnie zanieczyszczonych próbkach środowiskowych za pomocą techniki analizy fazy nadpowierzchniowej w połączeniu z chromatografią gazową z wykorzystaniem detektora płomieniowo-jonizacyjnego na etapie oznaczeń końcowych. Dobrano warunki ekstrakcji LKT do fazy nadpowierzchniowej oraz warunki chromatograficzne. Metodyka pozwala oznaczać LKT w bardzo skomplikowanych próbkach ciekłych...
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Wytwarzanie cząstek węglanu wapnia w układzie gaz-ciecz w obecności substancji organicznych
PublicationOtrzymywano węgaln wapnia w reakcji CO2 z Ca(OH)2. Do mieszaniny reakcyjnej dodawano glikol etylenowy, glicerol lun n-butanol. Cząstki węglanu wapnia strącane w obecności substancji organicznych były mniejsze niz powstałe w wyniku procesu prowadzonego tylko w mieszninie reagentów w wodzie. Najmniejsze cząstki CaCO3 otrzymywano w obecności glicerolu, wówczas średnia średnica cząstek wynosiła 3,1x10^-3 mm dla reakcji prowadzonej...
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Evaluation of the High-Pressure Gas Transmission Network Impact for Environmental - Construction Phase and Network Operation
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Anomalous pressure dependence of acoustic phonons of AgGaSe2 investigated by inelastic neutron scattering to 4.3 GPa
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Reliability-operational analysis of fixed gas fire extinguishing equipment integrated with fire signalling systems
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LABORATORY STAND FOR INVESTIGATIONS OF THE QUICK - CHANGING TEMPERATURE OF GAS FLOWING IN THE PISTON COMPRESSOR OUTLET CHANNEL
PublicationThis paper presents a laboratory stand, created as a part of work on the doctor dissertation, intended for investigation of heat and flow processes taking place in the Espholin H3S piston compressor outlet channel. The test stand elements and their configuration within the stand are described. Discussed are also problems connected with the quick-changing measurement technique, solutions which have been proposed so far in that technology...
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Application of gas chromatographic data and 2D molecular descriptors for accurate global mobility potential prediction
PublicationMobility is a key feature affecting the environmental fate, which is of particular importance in the case of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and emerging pollutants (EPs). In this study, the global mobility classification artificial neural networks-based models employing GC retention times (RT) and 2D molecular descriptors were constructed and validated. The high usability of RT was confirmed based on the feature selection...
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Effects of Immobilized RAP Binder on Asphalt-Aggregate Interaction and Performance of 100% Recycled Asphalt Mixtures
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High Speed Milling vibration surveillance with optimal spindle speed based on optimal speeds map
PublicationThe paper presents the method of the surveillance of the self-excited chatter vibration. At first, the workpiece modal parameters are estimated based on experimental data which leads to verification of computational model. Then, for selected surface points optimal spindle speeds are calculated. By considering sufficient amount of points it is possible to build a map of optimal spindle speeds. Experimental results show that this...
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Design analysis of combined gas-vapour micro power plant with 30 kW air turbine
PublicationThe article presents basic results of the design analysis of a combined gas-vapour micro power plant with a waste-heat boiler without exhaust reheat, working in the vapour section in the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system. The analysis concerned working media most frequently used in those types of power plants and planned to be used in future. The object of the analysis was a micro power plant with a 30 kW gas (air) turbine for...
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DESIGN ANALYSIS OF HYBRID GAS TURBINE - FUEL CELL POWER PLANT IN STATIONARY AND MARINE APPLICATIONS
PublicationThe paper concerns design analysis of a hybrid gas turbine power plant with a fuel cell (stack). The aim of this work was to find the most favorable variant of the medium capacity (approximately 50 MW) hybrid system. In the article, computational analysis of two variants of such a system was carried out. The analysis let to calculate capacity, efficiency of both variants and other parameters like flu gas temperature. The paper...
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UV Light-Modulated Fluctuation-Enhanced Gas Sensing by Layers of Graphene Flakes/TiO2 Nanoparticles
PublicationWe present experimental results of fluctuation-enhanced gas sensing by low-cost resistive sensors made of a mixture of graphene flakes and TiO2 nanoparticles. Both components are photocatalytic and activated by UV light. Two UV LEDs of different wavelengths (362 and 394 nm) were applied to modulate the gas sensing of the layers. Resistance noise was recorded at low frequencies, between 8 Hz and 10 kHz. The sensors’ response was...
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Application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model gas mixtures using electronic nose
PublicationThe paper presents the possibility of application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model, ternary gas mixtures (α-pinene, toluene and triethylamine) using electronic nose prototype. The results obtained using fuzzy logic algorithms were compared with the values obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and sensory analysis. As the results of the studies, it was found the electronic nose prototype along...
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The energy consumption during the birch tree sap concentration process using the reverse osmosis system
PublicationBirch tree sap was concentrated by mens of the reversed osmosis technique. The energy consumption in a small-scale pilot apparatus was estimated. The threshold value for the water removal above which the specific energy consumption significantly increased was identified. Below the threshold value the reversed osmosis had low energy demand and could be an attractive method for the production of birch tree sap-based beverages.
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Novel analytical method for detection of orange juice adulteration based on ultra-fast gas chromatography
PublicationThe food authenticity assessment is an increasingly important issue in food quality and safety. The application of an electronic nose based on ultra-fast gas chromatography technique enables rapid analysis of the volatile compounds from food samples. Due to the fact that this technique provides chemical profiling of natural products, it can be a powerful tool for authentication in combination with chemometrics. In this article,...
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Comparison of noise reduction methods in radiometric correlation measurements of two-phase liquid-gas flows
PublicationTwo-phase liquid-gas flows occur frequently in the mining, energy, chemical, and petrochemical industries. One of non-contact methods used to analyse these flows is the gamma ray absorption method. However, the signals received from radiation detectors contain a significant stochastic noise, which makes them difficult to analyse. The article describes four methods of noise reduction in cross-correlation measurements of water-air...
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Multibeam Echosounder and LiDAR in Process of 360-Degree Numerical Map Production for Restricted Waters with HydroDron
PublicationIn order to increase the safety of inland navigation and facilitate the monitoring of the coastal zone of restricted waters, a model of multi-sensory fusion of data from hydroacoustic and optoelectronic systems mounted on the autonomous survey vessel HydroDron will be developed. In the research will be used the LiDAR laser scanner and multibeam echosounder. To increase the visual quality and map accuracy, additionally side scan...
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Self-Organising map neural network in the analysis of electromyography data of muscles acting at temporomandibular joint.
PublicationThe temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the joint that via muscle action and jaw motion allows for necessary physiological performances such as mastication. Whereas mandible translates and rotates [1]. Estimation of activity of muscles acting at the TMJ provides a knowledge of activation pattern solely of a specific patient that an electromyography (EMG) examination was carried out [2]. In this work, a Self-Organising Maps (SOMs)...
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PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COMBINED GAS-STEAM TURBINE UNIT OF A HYBRID CYCLE FOR THE FPSO VESSEL
PublicationA thermal diagram of the combined gas‒steam turbine unit of a hybrid cycle, which is an energy complex consisting of a base gas turbine engine with a steam turbine heat recovery circuit and a steam-injected gas turbine operating with overexpansion, is proposed. A mathematical model of a power plant has been developed, taking into consideration the features of thermodynamic processes of simple, binary, and steam-injected...
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Minimizing Greenhouse Gas Emissions From Ships Using a Pareto Multi-Objective Optimization Approach
PublicationTo confront climate change, decarbonization strategies must change the global economy. According to statements made as part of the European Green Deal, maritime transport should also become drastically less polluting. As a result, the price of transport must reflect the impact it has on the environment and on health. In such a framework, the purpose of this paper is to suggest a novel method for minimizing emissions...
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Revalorisation of the Szewalski’s concept of the law of varying the last-stage blade retraction in a gas-steam turbine
PublicationThe article presents the implementations of the free vortex law to the blade of the last stage of a gas-steam turbine. First, a thermodynamic analysis was carried out, determining the parameters at the inlet, then the number of stages of the high and low-pressure part of the turbine was constructed, together with the kinematics and velocity vectors for subsequent stages of the axial turbine. The last step of article was to take...
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Evaluation of Three Peptide Immobilization Techniques on a QCM Surface Related to Acetaldehyde Responses in the Gas Phase
PublicationThe quartz-crystal microbalance is a sensitive and universal tool for measuring concentrations of various gases in the air. Biochemical functionalization of the QCM electrode allows a label-free detection of specific molecular interactions with high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, it enables a real-time determination of its kinetic rates and affinity constants. This makes QCM a versatile bioanalytical screening tool for...
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Strącanie cząstek węglanu wapnia w układzie gaz-ciecz w obecności wybranych sacharydów
PublicationWęglan wapnia strącano podczas karbonatyzacji roztworów zawierających chlorek wapnia i amoniak. Procesy prowadzono w roztworach o pH powyżej 9. Jako dodatki wpływające na przebieg precypitacji stosowano glukozę lub sacharozę o stężeniach 15, 30 i 60 mM. Najwolniej precypitacja przebiegała, gdy roztwór zawierał najniższe stężenie glukozy. Wzrost stężenia badanych sacharydów skutkował skróceniem czasu precypitacji. Otrzymane cząstki...
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New data acquisition system for birch sap concentrate production using the reverse osmosis technology
PublicationThe work presents a simple electronic device that helps to monitor the basic parameters of the reverse osmosis (RO) system during the concentration of birch tree sap. The construction costs are low (around 150 Euro) but the functionality of the device is high. It has an in-build two channel conductometer and can measure the volumetric flow rate of two streams of liquids. The collected data are transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth...
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Precipitation of Spherical Vaterite Particles via Carbonation Route in the Bubble Column and the Gas-Lift Reactor
PublicationSpherical vaterite particles were produced by carbonation of calcium chloride solution with addition of ammonia to facilitate CO2 absorption. Synthesis of calcium carbonate was carried out in a bubble column or gas-lift reactor. The course of the reaction was monitored by pH measurements. Precipitated solids were analyzed by Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, and...
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Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation of Gas–Liquid Multiphase Flow in T-junction for CO2 Separation
PublicationThe article presents the results of a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of gas-liquid multiphase flow. The simulation was conducted using CFD code and the Euler–Euler approach. The presented study relates to the non–reactive, steady-state, turbulent flow of water and carbon dioxide mixture in a 3D pipe. Separation phenomenon between phases is observed. The solution was obtained using a mixture model. Different values...
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Application of a Gas Sensor Array to Effectiveness Monitoring of Air Contaminated with Toluene Vapors Absorption Process
PublicationThis article demonstrates the application of a gas sensor array to monitor the effectiveness of the absorption process of air stream purification from odorous compounds (toluene vapors). A self-constructed matrix consisting of five commercially available gas sensors was used. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was selected as the statistical technique used to calibrate the matrice. Gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization...
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Identification of damages in the inlet air duct of a diesel engine based on exhaust gas temperature measurements
PublicationThe temperature of the exhaust gas of a diesel piston engine, measured in the characteristic control sections of its thermo-flow system, can be a valuable source of diagnostic information about the technical condition of the elements limiting the working spaces thus separated, including the turbocharging system, but also its fuel supply system and replacement of the medium. In standard marine engine measurement systems equipped...
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Influence of Different Biofuels on the Efficiency of Gas Turbine Cycles for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Power Plants
PublicationThe efficiency of a gas turbine can be affected by the use of different biofuels usually with a relatively Lower Heating Value (LHV). The paper evaluates the impact of calorific value of fuel on turbine performance and analyzes the possibilities of optimizing turbine construction from the point of view of maximum efficiency for a particular fuel. The several variants of design of small power microturbines dedicated to various biofuels...
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A headspace solid-phase microextraction method development and itsapplication in the determination of volatiles in honeys by gas chromatography
PublicationThe first part of the paper presents the detailed optimisation of all steps of the determination procedureof volatiles from Polish honeys by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) as the sample preparationmethod and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as the method of final determination.The methodology of semi-quantative analysis allowed the isolation and identification of volatile fractioncompounds from popular...
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Firing map for periodically and almost-periodically driven integrate-and-fire models: a dynamical systems approach
PublicationWe consider the Leaky Integrate-and-Fire and Perfect Integrator models of neuron’s dynamics with the input function being periodic and almost-periodic (in the sense of Stepanov). In particular we analyze properties and dynamics of the so-called firing map, which iterations give timings of consecutive spikes of a neuron. In case of a periodic input function we provide a detailed description of the sequence of interspike-intervals,...
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Continuous Monitoring of Thermooxidative Degradation Products of Polystyrene by Membrane Extraction with Sorbent Interface and Gas Chromatography
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Determination Of Gas Mixture Components Using Fluctuation Enhanced Sensing And The LS-SVM Regression Algorithm
PublicationThis paper analyses the effectiveness of determining gas concentrations by using a prototype WO3 resistive gas sensor together with fluctuation enhanced sensing. We have earlier demonstrated that this method can determine the composition of a gas mixture by using only a single sensor. In the present study, we apply Least-Squares Support-Vector-Machine-based (LS-SVM-based) nonlinear regression to determine the gas concentration...
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High Temperature Air/Steam Conversion of Biomass and Wastes Into Fuel Gas for Heat and Electricity Production
PublicationPaper present principle of high temperature air/staem gasification as well as some results of research using this technology for conversion of biomass and wastes into fuel gas.
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Computational complexity and length of recorded data for fluctuation enhanced sensing method in resistive gas sensors
PublicationThis paper considers complexity and accuracy of data processing for gas detection using resistance fluctuation data observed in resistance gas sensors. A few selected methods were considered (Principal Component Analysis – PCA, Support Vector Machine – SVM). Functions like power spectral density or histogram were used to create input data vector for these algorithms from the observed resistance fluctuations. The presented considerations...
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Application of gamma densitometry and statistical signal analysis to gas phase velocity measurements in pipeline hydrotransport
PublicationThe work presents selected methods of signal analysis used in the processing of data obtained from radiometric probes. The used data came from an exemplary study of a two-phase liquid-gas flow at the laboratory installation. In such rigs many possible transport types may be observed, i.e. slug, plug and bubble flow, and each of them gives different signal-to-noise ratio of recorded data. Therefore, available radiometric methods...