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Search results for: sensory elektrochemiczne
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A model of the response of the MGS-6 gravity sensor to tilting
PublicationThe reliable interpretation of the measurements made by the Micro-g marine gravimetric system (MGS-6) depends on how the temporary changes of the scale coefficients such as gravimeter scale factor, vertical cross-coupling (VCC) effect, tiltmeter cross and tiltmeter long are compensated for during the signal analysis. The listed coefficients cannot be determined from readings during the measurements or by analysing the final data....
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Bezprzewodowe zasilanie sensorów medycznych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono problematykę bezprzewodowego zasilania miniaturowych sensorów medycznych. Przedyskutowano specyfikę bezprzewodowej transmisji mocy elektrycznej do sensorów, zwracając uwagę na potrzebę stosowania tej formy zasilania oraz na ograniczenia wynikające z limitów gęstości mocy dopuszczalnej dla żywych organizmów, w szczególności dla człowieka. Zaproponowano nowe podejście do bezprzewodowego przesyłu mocy wykorzystujące...
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On Invariants of Fluid Mechanics Tensors
PublicationThis paper presents physical interpretations of the first and second invariants of tensors of fluid mechanics. Some examples of elementary applications and meanings are also given.
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Bezprzewodowe zasilanie sensorów medycznych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono problematykę bezprzewodowego zasilania miniaturowych sensorów medycznych. Przedyskutowano specyfikę bezprzewodowej transmisji mocy elektrycznej do sensorów, zwracając uwagę na potrzebę stosowania tej formy zasilania oraz na ograniczenia wynikające z limitów gęstości mocy dopuszczalnej dla żywych organizmów, w szczególności dla człowieka. Zaproponowano nowe podejście do bezprzewodowej transmisji mocy wykorzystujące...
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Conducting coatings as anodes in cathodic protection
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki pomiarów elektrochemicznych powłok przewodzących opartych o mieszaninę pigmentów węglowych osadzonych w matrycy polimerowej. Wyznaczono parametry powłok przewodzących w oparciu o metodę elektrochemicznej spektroskopii impedancyjnej. Parametry elektryczne i elektrochemiczne były wyznaczane jednocześnie, w czasie długotrwałej anodowej polaryzacji badanych powłok. Stwierdzono, że badane powłoki mogą być używane...
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High resolution optical time-domain reflectometry using sub-picosecond laser sources
PublicationPrzedstawiono działanie sensorów światłowodowych wykorzystujących reflektometrię optyczną w dziedzinie czasu. Omówiono ograniczenia możliwości pomiarowych tej klasy sensorów wynikające z zastosowania w nich reflektometrów światłowodowych zaprojektowanych do zastosowań w telekomunikacji. Zaprezentowano sensory wykorzystujące specjalizowane reflektometry o dużej rozdzielczości. Przedstawiono koncepcję sensora wykorzystującego dwa...
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Hidden Tensor Structures
PublicationAny single system whose space of states is given by a separable Hilbert space is automatically equipped with infinitely many hidden tensor-like structures. This includes all quantum mechanical systems as well as classical field theories and classical signal analysis. Accordingly, systems as simple as a single one-dimensional harmonic oscillator, an infinite potential well, or a classical finite-amplitude signal of finite duration...
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Multichannel taste sensors with lipid, lipid like – polymer membranes
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Chemiresistive gas sensors based on carbon nanotubes - fabrication and application
PublicationMany types of sensors have been invented to identify and quantify chemical contamination in the gas phase. Sensors based on carbon nanotubes are particularly attractive because of their wide range of applicaions and potential use in electronic nose that can be controlled using algorithms of Artificial Intelligence. Sensor functions, fabrication and selected applications are reviewed and discussed with focus on chemiresistors. Drawbacks...
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Modeling of multi-cavity Fabry-Perot optical fiber sensors
PublicationReflectance characteristics of a two-cavity extrinsic Fabry-Perot optical fiber sensor were investigated using computer modeling. Calculations were performed using a plane wave-based approach, selected for clarity of results. Based on the modeling results, it can be concluded that the two-cavity Fabry-Perot interferometer can be used to measure two different quantities, such as refractive index and temperature, independently. It...
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Compensation of magnetic disturbances caused by sensors in a differential magnetometric system
PublicationStudy of low magnetic fields necessitates the use of precision magnetometers working in a differential system. Minimization of this error is a substantial issue in the case of magnetometers working in a differential system on a mobile platform. The compensation method of heading error consists in taking measurements of changes in magnetic induction with the use of the tested magnetometer for various locations of the sensor in relation...
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System of wireless magnetic sensors for detection and identification of ferromagnetic vehicles
PublicationThe paper presents the results of deformation of the Earth's magnetic field by land vehicles. Basing on the analysis of the shape of the magnetic field deformation, it is possible to detect and identify a vehicle. In order to eliminate the interference of the Earth's magnetic field by the environment, the measurements were performed in a differential configuration. Under a development project a wireless system of magnetic sensors...
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Properties of Nasicon-based CO2 sensors with Bi8Nb2O17 reference electrode
PublicationPotentiometric CO2 sensors based on Nasicon (Na+ conductor, Na3Zr2Si2PO12) electrolyte, Bi8Nb2O17/Pt reference electrode and different sensing electrodes have been prepared. Besides the sensing electrode material, sensors differ from each other in the reference electrode preparation technique. The main aim of this study is to investigate sensor construction and electrode fabrication process influence on sensor properties. The optimal...
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Tuning the sumanene receptor structure towards the development of potentiometric sensors
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Amperometric gas sensors with elektrodes chemically deposited on Nafion membrane
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono opis metod otrzymywania elektrod pracujących w czujnikach amperometrycznych gazów z elektrolitem ciekłym. Zaprezentowano metody chemiczne takie jak: metoda impregnacji-redukcji i metoda Takenaka-Torikai. Przedstawiono przegląd konstrukcji czujnikowych gazowych z elektrodami tego typu.
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Integration of inertial sensors and GPS system data for underwater navigation
PublicationThe Inertial Navigation System (INS) is usually employed to determine the position of an underwater vehicles, like Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROV) and, more recently, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). The accuracy of the position provided by the INS, which uses accelerometers and gyroscopes, deteriorates with time. An external aiding sources such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) can be employed to reduce the error growth...
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Application of Vector Sensors to Acoustic Surveillance of a Public Interior Space
PublicationPrzedstawiono metodę precyzyjnej detekcji i lokalizacji źródeł dźwięku w pomieszczeniach. Wykorzystano wektorowe czujniki akustyczne, dostarczające sygnałów ciśnienia akustycznego i prędkości cząsteczek powietrza. Zaprezentowano metodę lokalizacji źródeł dźwięku na widowni wydarzenia publicznego. Przedstawiono demonstracyjny system zainstalowany w sali wykładowej. System poddano ocenie dokładności na podstawie przeprowadzonych...
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Chemiresistive gas sensors based on carbon nanotubes - fabrication and application
PublicationOpisano przygotowanie i możliwości zastosowania chemirezystancyjnych czujników gazów wykonanych z nanorurek węglowych.
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Sinusoidal Control of a Brushless DC Motor with Misalignment of Hall Sensors
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A Family Of Multicore 0ptical Fibre Based Sensors And Instrumentation Systems
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Application of titanium dioxide thin films in fiber optic sensors
PublicationThe advance in the nanotechnology and fabrication of micro- and nanostructures has significant impact on development of new optical sensors. Presented study focuses on the applications of the titanium dioxide (TiO2) thin films in fiber optic sensors. The concept of a sensing fiber optic interferometer integrating TiO2 thin film is presented. The cavity of this interferometer is delimited by a 80 nm film fabricated on the end-face...
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Techniques of acquiring additional features of the responses of individual gas sensors
PublicationGas sensors usually exhibit lack of selectivity, require fre quent calibration, exhibit drift of the response and a lot of factors, such as humidity or ambient temperature, influen ce their performance. Different approaches can be used to overcome this shortcomings. Building arrays of different sensors and usage of pattern recognition methods to analyze responses of elements...
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Non contact multiband emissivity measurment. bibliogr.Optoelectronic and Electronic Sensors.
PublicationW pracy zaproponowano i opisano wielopasmowa pasywną metodę pomiaru emisyjności obiektu. W oparciu o opracowany model matematyczny przeprowadzona została analiza systemu pomiarowego. Wyniki modelowania umożliwiają ocenę dokładności projektowanego systemu.
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Resistance Noise Higher-Order Spectrums in Nanoparticle Gas Sensors.
PublicationPrzedstawiono badania fluktuacji rezystancji sensora gazu wykonanego z nanocząstek WO3. Stwierdzono występowanie składowych o rozkładzie prawdopodobieństwa różnym od rozkładu Gaussa. W celu zwiększenia czułości i selektywności wykrywanych gazów zastosowan do analizy obserwowanych fluktuacji spektra wyższych rzędów.
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Time-of-flight fiber optic sensors for strain and temperature measurement
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono światłowodowy sensor czasu przelotu do pomiaru odkształceń i temperatury mogący pracować zarówno w modzie transmisyjnym, jak i odbiciowym. W pomiarach czasu przelotu wykorzystano krótkie impulsy światłowodowe wprowadzane do jednodomowego światłowodu. Pod wpływem czynników zewnętrznych (temperatura, odkształcenie, siła rozciągająca) zmieniała się droga optyczna w światłowodzie, co powodowało zmiany czasu przelotu...
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Simple Measurement Method for Resistive Sensors Based on ADCs of Microcontrollers
PublicationA new, complete measurement method for resistance measurement of resistive sensors for systems based on microcontrollers equipped with analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) is proposed. The interface circuit consists of only four resistors, including a resistive sensor and a reference resistor, connected directly to the microcontroller pins. It is activated only during measurements, which significantly reduces power consumption....
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Polymer humidity sensors deposited directly on PCB laminate substrate
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań stabilności polimerowych czujników wilgotności zbudowanych na podłożu z laminatu PCB
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Sensors for Rapid Detection of Environmental Toxicity in Blood of Poisoned People
PublicationRecently, the diagnosis and treatment of poisoned person can be done only in specialized centers. Furthermore, currently used clinical methods of intoxication diagnosis are not sufficient for early detection. Conventional laboratory tests based on urine and blood require professional, high skilled staff, high cost equipment as well as they are arduous and lasting analytical procedures. There is a need to elaborate relatively cheap...
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Ammonia Gas Sensors: Comparison of Solid-State and Optical Methods
PublicationHigh precision and fast measurement of gas concentrations is important for both understanding and monitoring various phenomena, from industrial and environmental to medical and scientific applications. This article deals with the recent progress in ammonia detection using in-situ solid-state and optical methods. Due to the continuous progress in material engineering and optoelectronic technologies, these methods are among the most...
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ZnO ALD-Coated Microsphere-Based Sensors for Temperature Measurements
PublicationIn this paper, the application of a microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with a 200 nm zinc oxide (ZnO) coating, deposited by the Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) method, for temperature measurements between 100 and 300°C, is presented. The main advantage of integrating a fiber-optic microsphere with a sensing device is the possibility of monitoring the integrity of the sensor head in real-time, which allows for higher accuracy during...
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Measurement method for capacitive sensors for microcontrollers based on a phase shifter
PublicationA complete measurement method dedicated to capacitive sensors has been developed. It includes the development of hardware (an analogue interface circuit for microcontrollers with built-in times/counters and analogue comparators) and software (a measurement procedure and a systematic error calibration (correction) algorithm which is based on a calibration dictionary). The interface circuit consists of a low-pass filter and a phase...
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On the problem of optimised allocation of water quality sensors and actuators in DWDS
PublicationThe problems of water quality sensors and actuators placement in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) are addressed as separate, primarily. However, against the background of control systems theory, the nature of DWDSs dynamics indicates that these both problems are interdependent and impact the design of related water quality monitoring and control structures and algorithms. The research work presented in this paper is...
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Microwave Alignment and Displacement Sensors in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublicationThis paper is aimed at presenting highly sensitive microwave displacement and alignment sensors. With this goal, the method of realizing mechanically tunable cavity resonators in groove gap waveguides technology is presented. The resonance frequency of the cavity is then used for displacement sensing. It is also demonstrated that the symmetry properties of a pair of groove gap waveguide cavities can be used to improve the robustness...
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Horizontally-split-drain MAGFET - a highly sensitive magnetic field sensor
PublicationWe propose a novel magnetic field sensitive semiconductor device, viz., Horizontally-Split-Drain Magnetic-Field Sensitive Field-Effect Transistor (HSDMAGFET) which can be used to measure or detect steady or variable magnetic fields. Operating principle of the transistor is based on one of the galvanomagnetic phenomena and a Gradual Channel Detachment Effect (GCDE) and is very similar to that of Popovic and Baltes's SDMAGFET. The...
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IDENTIFICATION OF ODOR OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING CLASSICAL SENSORY ANALYSIS AND ELECTRONIC NOSE TECHNIQUE
PublicationThe paper compares two methods of analysis of odour of volatile organic compounds: classical sensory analysis and electronic nose technique. Eight volunteers participated in the classical sensory analysis investigations, which lasted two weeks. An instrumental odour analysis involved a prototype of 6-sensor electronic nose designed by the authors. The research performed with this device provided higher reproducibility and reliability...
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Authenticity Assessment of the "Onisiówka" Nalewka Liqueurs Using Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography and Sensory Evaluation
PublicationThe “Onisiówka” nalewka liqueur is a regional Polish alcoholic beverage, which is inscribed on the list of regional and traditional products of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Poland. It is produced from multiflower honey, black elderberry flower syrup, and spirit. Due to fact that the “Onisiówka” nalewka liqueur has never been investigated, these studies are the foundation for further work on this regional...
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Comparison of the Physical and Sensory Properties of Hybrid Citrus Fruit Jaffa® Sweetie in Relation to the Parent Fruits
PublicationIn the presented study, an overall Jaffa sweetie evaluation was made to find a correlation between Citrus grandis Osbeck × Citrus paradisi Macf. and its parent fruits’ (Citrus grandis Osbeck, Citrus paradisi Macf.) properties. Based on the sensory analysis, it was found that the taste and aroma of the new hybrid fruit are close to pummelo. By the use of chromatographic analysis, the selected monoterpenes present in the fruits were...
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Properties of Nasicon-based CO2 sensor with Bi8Nb2O17 reference electrode
PublicationGas sensors are useful for the carbon dioxide concentration monitoring in many applications. The major challenge is to develop a potentiometric sensor working without the necessity of a reference gas and without a need of the reference electrode encapsulation. Important issue is a selection of reference electrode material, which should provide stable reference potential. For example as reference electrode material in sensor based...
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Transmission protocol simulation framework for the resource-constrained sensor network
PublicationIn this paper the simulation framework for simulation of the sensor network protocol is presented. The framework enables the simultaneous development of the sensor network software and the protocol for the wireless data transmission. The advantage of using the framework is the convergence of the simulation with the real software, because the same software is used in real sensor network nodes and in the simulation framework. The...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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Potentiometric taste sensor application for liquid product taste estimation
PublicationThe principles of taste sense and kinds of tastes (sweet, salty, sour, bitter, umami and fat) have been described. Food quality estimation by taste sense: organoleptic testing and sensory analysis has been presented. The principle of operation of potentiometric sensor composed of several Ion Selective Electrodes or All Solid State Electrodes with polymeric membranes and macromolecular chemical compounds sensitive to substances...
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Power quality conditioners with minimum number of current sensor requirement
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Scene Segmentation Basing on Color and Depth Images for Kinect Sensor
PublicationIn this paper we propose a method for segmenting single images from Kinect sensor by considering both color and depth information. The algorithm is based on a series of edge detection procedures designed for particular features of the scene objects. RGB and HSV color planes are separately analyzed in the first step with Canny edge detector, resulting in overall color edges mask. In depth images both clear boundaries and smooth...
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Low cost electrochemical sensor module for measurement of gas concentration
PublicationThis paper describes a low cost electrochemical sensor module for gas concentration measurement. A module is universal and can be used for many types of electrochemical gas sensors. Device is based on AVR ATmega8 microcontroller. As signal processing circuit a specialized integrated circuit LMP9l000 is used. The proposed equipment will be used as a component of electronic nose system employed for classifying and distinguishing...
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Sandwich Biobattery with Enzymatic Cathode and Zinc Anode Integrated with Sensor
PublicationCarbon paper covered with side-naphthylated multi walled carbon nanotubes was used as the conducting support for the construction of a biocathode in a hybrid biofuel cell. Laccase Carrena unicolor enzyme was employed as the catalyst for the 4e reduction of oxygen and a zinc disc covered with hopeite was used as the anode. Derivatized carbon nanotubes increase the working surface of the electrode and provide direct contact with...
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A calibration model for gas sensor array in varying environmental conditions
PublicationAbstract: Gas-analyzing systems based on gas sensors, commonly referred to as electronic noses, are the systems which enable the recognition of volatile compounds in their working environment and provide the on-line results of analysis. The most commonly used type of sensors in such systems is semiconductor gas sensors. They are considered to be the most reliable in the long-term applications (more than 1 year), however,...
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Influence of sensor design and optical properties of tissue on the photoplethysmographic signal
PublicationPhotopletysmography and an associated technique called pulse oximetry are still explored due to the expectations that they give a lot of information about the state of the patient and, also, due to the fact that they are non invasive. Knowledge about the impact of various parameters on the measured signal leads to a faster and a more reliable way of analyzing measurement results and finding the dependencies between the involved...
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Analysis of unsteady flow forces on the thermowell of steam temperature sensor
PublicationIn this paper, 3D numerical analysis of unsteady flow forces acting on the measuring sheath of steam temperature is presented. According to that purpose, the CFD (Computation Fluid Dynamic [1]) approach has been used. The nonstationary of fluid acting on the measuring sheath such as: Strouhal frequency, amplitude of pressure, structure of vortex, peak of pressure, field of pressure, field of velocity etc. are studied analytically...
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LOW COST MEASUREMENT MODULE FOR MATRIX OF AMPEROMETRIC GAS SENSOR
PublicationThis paper describes an amperometric sensor module for gas concentration measurement. A module can be used for many types of electrochemical gas sensors without major hardware changes. Device is based on AVR ATmega8 microcontroller. As signal processing circuit a specialized integrated circuit LMP9l000 configurable via I2C interface is used. The concept of a measuring system composed of several modules dedicated for a gas sensors...
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Influence of aprotic solvent on selectivity of an amperometric sensor with nafion membrane
PublicationW publikacji przedstawiono rezultaty badań dotyczące selektywności amperometrycznego czujnika ditlenku siarki z membraną nafionową wobec tlenku węgla i dwutlenku azotu jako interferentów. Zostały porównane współczynniki selektywności dla czujników wypełnionych roztworami elektrolitów zawierających wodne roztwory kwasu siarkowego i różne ilości rozpuszczalnika aprotycznego - dimetylosulfotlenku.