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Hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents as “green” extraction media for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in aqueous samples
PublicationThe paper presents novel nonionic and hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents which were synthesized from natural compounds, i.e., thymol, ±camphor, decanoic and 10-undecylenic acids. Fundamental physicochemical properties of the synthesized deep eutectic solvents were determined, followed by their application as extractants in ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction to isolate and enrich polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons...
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Low-Coherence Interferometer with Nanocrystalline Diamond Films with Potential Application to Measure Small Biological Samples
PublicationThe study investigates a case of a low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry–Prerot interferometer with a nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) mirror. The method of achieving double density of interference fringes is proposed by the application of birefringent material in the cavity of the interferometer. It can be used to reduce sample volume in comparison to conventional interferometers. The use of a biocompatible diamond mirror makes it specifically...
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The use of selected analytical techniques for pollutants determination in the environmental samples collected from the Arctic regions
PublicationThe paper concern importance of the use of analytical techniques for pollutants determination in the Arctic based on the example of total organic carbon, phenolsandformaldehyde determinationandmeasurementofpHand electrical conductivity parameters in surfacewater samples collected fromthe Revelva catchment.
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Arctic as a reservoir for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls- water samples from Foxfonna glacier
PublicationPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls are groups of stable compounds, hard to biodegrade, potentially toxic. Their presence in Arctic environment may have a big impact on natural balance, fauna and flora. Although Arctic areas should be unpolluted, some amounts of pollutants are transferred from lower latitudes with sea currents and air masses. This paper presents the amounts of selected persistent organic...
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Long-Term Stability of Benzodiazepines and Z-Hypnotic Drugs in Blood Samples Stored at Varying Temperatures
PublicationBenzodiazepines (BZDs) and Z-drugs are among the most commonly prescribed pharmaceuticals in the world and are considered standard care for various mental illnesses and for treatment of sleeping and anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasms and epilepsy. Some BZDs are not allowed as pharmaceuticals in many countries, and they are used as "designer benzodiazepines" (DBZDs). All these compounds are typically screened in...
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Multivariate Assessment of Procedures for Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Synthesis for Pesticides Determination in Environmental and Agricultural Samples
PublicationIn the case of quantitative and qualitative analysis of pesticides in environmental and food samples, it is required to perform a sample pre-treatment process. It allows to minimalize the impact of interferences on the final results, as well as increase the recovery rate. Nowadays, apart from routinely employed sample preparation techniques such as solid-phase extraction (SPE) or solid-phase microextraction (SPME), the application...
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Critical evaluation of employment possibilities of OTT technique for isolation of the PAHs and PCBs from samples of water
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono krótki przegląd technik wykorzystywanych na etapie izolacji i/lub wzbogacania analitów z grupy WWA i PCB z próbek wody. W części doświadczalnej dokonano oceny możliwości wykorzystania krótkiego odcinka kapilarnej kolumny chromatograficznej jako pułapki sorpcyjnej na etapie izolacji i wzbogacania analitów z grupy WWA i PCB z próbek wody. Ponadto przedstawiono wpływ zjawiska sorpcji analitów na ściankach używanych...
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Experimental study on effectiveness of polymer dampers in reduction of structural vibrations
PublicationVibrations of civil engineering structures, generated by dynamic loads, may be very dangerous to the structures themselves as well as may have significant influence on human perception and comfort. A number of different methods have been proposed in order to minimize such situations. This concern newly designed structures as well as those which dynamic properties have to be modified due to problems with excessive vibrations. One...
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Experimental study on the effectiveness of polymer dampers in reduction of structural vibrations
PublicationVibrations of civil engineering structures, generated by dynamic loads, may be very dangerous to the structures themselves as well as may have significant influence on human perception and comfort. A number of different methods have been proposed in order to minimize such situations. This concern newly designed structures as well as those which dynamic properties have to be modified due to problems with excessive vibrations. One...
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Effect of soil on the capacity of viscous dampers between adjacent buildings
PublicationThis study investigated the seismic pounding of two adjacent buildings considering soil–structure interaction (SSI). A comprehensive parametric study of buildings with different heights was performed to reveal the pounding-involved behaviour considering the soil effect. Wavelet transform has been conducted to gain insight into the differences in the frequency contents of the impact forces between fixed- and flexible-base adjacent...
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Passive sampling techniques in monitoring of BTEX in urban air = Technika dozymetrii pasywnej w monitoringu analitów z grupy BTEX w powietrzu atmosferycznym na obszarach miejskich
PublicationLotna związki organiczne, a wśród nich związki z grupy BTEX, odgrywają istotną rolę w chemii środowiska. Mogą one oddziaływać znacząco na abiotyczną jak i biotyczną część środowiska. Nie bez znaczenia jest również wpływ LZO na organizmy żywe w tym na zdrowie ludzkie. Ponadto posiadają one zdolność do kumulowania się w organizmach żywych zwiększając ryzyko zachorowań. Niektóre z nich mogą również niekorzystnie oddziaływać na organizmy...
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Passive sampling techniques in monitoring of BTEX in urban air = Technika dozymetrii pasywnej w monitoringu analitów z grupy BTEX w powietrzu atmosferycznym na obszarach miejskich
PublicationLotna związki organiczne, a wśród nich związki z grupy BTEX, odgrywają istotną rolę w chemii środowiska. Mogą one oddziaływać znacząco na abiotyczną jak i biotyczną część środowiska. Nie bez znaczenia jest również wpływ LZO na organizmy żywe w tym na zdrowie ludzkie. Ponadto posiadają one zdolność do kumulowania się w organizmach żywych zwiększając ryzyko zachorowań. Niektóre z nich mogą również niekorzystnie oddziaływać na organizmy...
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On Decision-Making Strategies for Improved-Reliability Size Reduction of Microwave Passives: Intermittent Correction of Equality Constraints and Adaptive Handling of Inequality Constraints
PublicationDesign optimization of passive microwave components is an intricate process, especially if the primary objective is a reduction of the physical size of the structure. The latter has become an important design consideration for a growing number of modern applications (mobile communications, wearable/implantable devices, internet of things), where miniaturization is imperative due to a limited space allocated for the electronic circuitry....
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Analysis of pavement structure sensitivity to passage of oversized heavy duty vehicle in terms of bearing capacity
PublicationOversized heavy duty vehicles occur in traffic very rarely but they reach extremely high weights, even up to 800 tonne. The detrimental impact of these vehicles on pavement structure is much higher than in case of commercial vehicles that comprise typical traffic, thus it is necessary to assess the sensitivity of pavement structure to passage of oversized vehicles. The paper presents results of sample calculations of load equivalency factor...
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Exploratory analysis and ranking of analytical procedures for short-chain chlorinated paraffins determination in environmental solid samples
PublicationShort-chain chlorinated paraffins are ones of the most recent chemical compounds that have been classified as persistent organic pollutants. They have various applications and are emitted to the environment. Despite the fact, that the content levels of these compounds in the environmental compartments should be monitored, there is still a lack of well-defined and validated analytical procedures, proposed or suggested by the national...
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DISPERSIVE LIQUID-LIQUID MICROEXTRACTION COUPLED WITH MICRO-VOLUME SPECTROPHOTOMETRY FOR DETERMINATION OF TOTAL IODINE IN URINE SAMPLES
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Head-Space SPME for the Analysis of Organophosphorus Insecticides by Novel Silica IL-Based Fibers in Real Samples
PublicationThis work demonstrates the suitability of a newly developed ionic liquid (IL)-based silica SPME fiber for the determination of seven organophosphorus insecticides in cucumber and grapefruit samples by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) with a gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (FID). The sol-gel method released four different sorbent coatings, which were obtained based on a silica matrix containing ILs immobilized...
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Use of Innovative and Advanced Computer Simulations of Chemical Speciation of Heavy Metals in Soils and Other Environmental Samples
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Sensitive determination of isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate samples with use of liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
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Environmental aspects of using gas chromatography for determination of pharmaceutical residues in samples characterized by different composition of the matrix
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Preparing samples for analysis - the key to analytical success=Przygotowanie próbek do analizy - droga do sukcesu
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono i dokonano krytycznego omówienia informacji literaturowych na temat poszczególnych etapów przygotowania próbek środowiskowych do etapu oznaczeń końcowych analitów występujących w tych próbkach na niskich poziomach zawartości.Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na:- Wyzwania związane z analityką specjacyjną,- Nowoczesne techniki ekstrakcji i wzbogacania analitów,- Możliwość zastosowania ultradźwięków oraz promieniowania...
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Direct Screening ofWater Samples for Benzene Hydrocarbon Compounds by Headspace Liquid-Phase Microextraction--Gas Chromatography
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Direct screening of ground water samples for fuel oxygenates by headspace liquid phase microextraction–gas chromatography
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Application of linear discriminant analysis to the study of dew chemistry on the basis of samples collected in Poland (2004-2005)
PublicationTechnikę analizy dyskryminacyjnej wykorzystano do klasyfikacji próbek rosy (zebranych w okresie sierpień 2004 - październik 2005 na terenie Gdyni, Gdańska, Mławy, Sopotu, Krakowa, w których oznaczono stężenia wybranych związków nieorganicznych i organicznych) na naturalnie wyłaniające się grupy oraz by zidentyfikować parametry fizykochemiczne odpowiedzialne za podobieństwa i różnice pomiędzy poszczególnymi miejscami pobierania...
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GC-FID determination of C2-C4 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in aqueous samples preceded by solvent extraction
PublicationEkstrakcja za pomocą eteru metylo-tert-butylowego (MTBE) została wykorzystana do izolacji krótkołańcuchowych alkanowych kwasów monokarboksylowych (2-4 atomy węgla w cząsteczce) z próbek o matrycy wodnej. Całkowita wydajność dwukrotnej ekstrakcji z próbek wodnych kwasów: octowego, propionowego i masłowego wynosiła odpowiednio ok. 55% , ok. 90% i ponad 90%. Wydajności ekstrakcji są porównywalne z wartościami uzyskiwanymi w przypadku...
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Measuring radioactive powder samples on the high-resolution powder diffraction beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility
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Possibility of determination of transport coefficients D and k from relaxation experiments for sphere-shaped powder samples
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Targeted metabolomics in bladder cancer: From analytical methods development and validation towards application to clinical samples
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Application of dispersive liquid - liquid microextraction for determination of pesticides from various chemical groups in water samples
PublicationPesticides are a global risk because they move with the wind, rain and sea currents from other regions, which makes getting to places which were never used before. Their presence was detected in all types of water circulating in the ecosystem, which is an easy source of exposure to life and health of all living organisms. Currently, it is considered one of the most dangerous and toxic pollutants, which fate and function is still...
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Sensitive determination of isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate samples with use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry
PublicationOxidative stress is the hallmark of various inflammatory lung diseases. Increased concentrations of reactive oxygen species in the lungs are reflected by elevated concentrations of oxidative stress markers in the breath, airways, lung tissue and blood. The aim of this work was to develop a method for the fast measurement of F2 isoprostanes in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) samples using equipment which is nowadays available and...
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Taq DNA polymerase fused with DNA binding protein with increased resistance to inhibitors from clinical samples
PublicationNowadays PCR method is commonly used in molecular diagnostic. However, in many cases PCR is limited, by the presence of inhibitory substances in biological, soil or food samples Efficiency and fidelity of amplification is strongly connected with DNA polymerase and reaction conditions. To meet the requirements of modern diagnostic methods it is essential to seeking for new DNA polymerases with better properties useful in these field....
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Increased concentration of Taq DNA polymerase as a solution for GC-rich templates from clinical and environmental samples
PublicationDNA polymerase is an enzyme which plays crucial role in replication and DNA repair. It found application in PCR (polymerase chain reaction) where catalyses process of in vitro DNA synthesis. To meet the demands posed by mod- ern diagnostic, molecular biology or genetic engineering it is necessary to improve DNA polymerases to obtain new or better features useful in these fields. So far implemented modifications in majority are...
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Development of gas chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry procedure for development of pesticide residues in honey and honeybee samples
PublicationA new analytical procedure of determination of multiresidue of pesticides based on application of the modified QuEChERS approach at the step of sample preparation and technique GC-MS/MS has been developed and applied for studies the real honey and honeybee samples. Samples were collected from northern Poland (Pomerania). The proposed procedure enables for the determination of 34 and 30 pesticides residues respectively on honey...
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Deep eutectic solvents based assay for extraction and determination of zinc in fish and eel samples using FAAS
PublicationA new assay based on effective (high recovery) extraction by means of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) was developed for ppb level determination of zinc in fishes and eel samples. Choline chloride and Phenol in a 1:2 M ratio was selected as optimal DES-based extraction solvent. 8-Hydroxy quinoline was used as a chelating agent for zinc ions. The optimized conditions were found at pH value of 8, ligand concentration of 10 mg/L, THF...
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Magnetic deep eutectic solvents as efficient media for extraction of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from aqueous samples
PublicationThe extraction of furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from hydrolysates is currently one of the main challenges in bio-refinery. In this work, the separation of FF and HMF from the aqueous phase was carried out using a new type of green solvents – Magnetic Deep Eutectic Solvents (MDES). A conductor-like screening model for realistic solvents (COSMO-RS) was used for the preselection of 400 MDES. MDES which exhibit the...
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Evaluation of Green Sample Preparation Techniques for Organic Compounds
PublicationNowadays, Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) idea is of high importance, with impact on the rapid growth in the sample preparation area with special emphasis on sample preparation simplification, miniaturization and automation. Due to the fact that GAC is of high importance today, this study is focused on the evaluation of green sample preparation techniques for organic compounds. It is well known that sample preparation is considered...
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A Tutorial on AGREEprep an Analytical Greenness Metric for Sample Preparation
PublicationSample preparation is a key step in the analytical procedure and a critical component for achieving analytical greenness. AGREEprep is the first metric intended for evaluating the environmental impact of sample preparation methods. The approach consists of ten steps of assessment that correspond to the ten principles of green sample preparation and uses a user-friendly open-source software to calculate and visualize the results....
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Sample preparation methods used in food flavor analysis
PublicationJako, że żywność to skomplikowana matryca, a związki lotne w niej zawarte występują zazwyczaj na poziomie śladowym wymagane jest zastosowanie specjalnej procedury przygotowania próbek. W pracy zostały opisane niektóre metody przygotowywania próbek żywności, które łączą w sobie izolację i wzbogacanie analitów. Wśród opisanych metod znalazły się: PT, SPME, SDME, SBSE oraz SFE.
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Essential oils and volatiles: sample preparation and analysis. A review.
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Dielectric and Optical Studies of FLC Sample with Helix Inversion
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SPME as a method of sample preparation for GC analysis of VFAs
PublicationW niniejszym artykule omówiono szczegółowo technikę mikroekstrakcji do fazy stacjonarnej, stosowaną na etapie przygotowania próbek, w celu oznaczania lotnych kwasów tłuszczowych.
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Green aspects of sample preparation - a need for solvent reduction
PublicationWzrastające zainteresowanie ochroną środowiska zmusza chemików, łącznie z chemikami analitykami, do modyfikacji chemicznej aktywności w taki sposób aby była ona prowadzona zgodnie z zasadami zielonej chemii. W artykule przedstawiono przegląd problemów zielonej chemii w dziedzinie przygotowania próbek do analizy, koncentrując się szczególnie na zaletach tzw. bezrozpuszczalnikowych technik przygotowania próbek. Przedstawiono techniki...
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Trends in solventless sample preparation techniques for environmental analysis
PublicationPraca przedstawia najnowsze tendencje w metodach przygotowania próbek do analizy środowiskowej. Najpierw przedstawiono klasyfikację tzw. bezrozpuszczalnikowych technik przygotowania próbek. Następnie, szczegółowo przedstawiono trzy techniki, traktowane priorytetowo, a mianowicie: mikroekstrakcję do fazy stacjonarnej (SPME), ekstrakcję do pojedynczej kropli (SPME)i analizę fazy nadpowierzchniowej (HS), w odniesieniu do ich użyteczności...
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Sample preparation procedures utilized in microbial metabolomics: An overview
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Fractional Delay Filter Design for Sample Rate Conversion
PublicationRosnąca liczba różnych standardów szybkości próbkowania stwarza potrzebę stosowania algorytmów konwersji szybkości próbkowania ciągów dyskretnych. Jeżeli współczynnik przepróbkowania nie jest wyrażony jako stosunek małych liczb całkowitych albo gdy nie jest on stały, to rozwiązaniem może być użycie filtrów ułamkowoopóźniających. Umożliwiają one realizację przepróbkowania z dowolną krotnością. Dokładność przepróbkowania algorytmów...
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“Green” nature of the process of derivatization in analytical sample preparation
PublicationNowadays, the idea of Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) is of high importance what impacts on the rapid growth in the sample preparation area with special emphasis on sample preparation simplification, miniaturization, and automation. Because the derivatization process is often an essential element of the analytical procedure, it should be important to focus on this issue from GAC perspective and conduct a series of experiments...
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Sample Preparation in Foodomics: Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction
PublicationAnalytical chemists face a challenge to bring comprehensive information on a given food and biological sample by using the best available analytical techniques and meet the requirements of sustainable development and green chemistry at the same time. A key objective of this chapter is to review selected literature data on the utilization of solid-phase extraction techniques with special attention to their miniaturized modes in...
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Investigation of behaviour of metal structures with polymer dampers under dynamic loads
PublicationA large number of accidents concerning structures subjected to dynamic loads have been recently observed. One of the examples of such a structure is a temporary steel grandstand erected using scaffolding system. Dynamic load that is generated by crowd movement has a significant influence on the behaviour of the structure and may lead to excessive structural vibrations. The aim of the study is to consider the idea of using polymer...
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Investigating an Optimal Computational Strategy to Retrofit Buildings with Implementing Viscous Dampers
PublicationCivil engineering structures may seriously suffer from different damage states re-sult of earthquakes. Nowadays, retrofitting the existing buildings is a serious need among designers. Two important factors of required performance level and cost of retrofitting play a crucial role in the retrofitting approach. In this study, a new optimal computational strategy to retrofit structures by implementing linear Viscous Dampers (VDs)...
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Optimal segmented dampers configuration for a laminar body carrying variable payload
PublicationPublikacja prezentuje zagadnienia analizy doboru tłumienia i konfiguracji elementów tłumiących dla ciała płaskiego poddanego dwóm stanom obciążenia. W pracy zaakceptowano użycie elementów tłumiących o tłumieniu wiskotycznym i o współczynniku tłumienie zależnym od położenia tłoka tego elementu. Ponieważ różne aspekty komfortu prowadzą do przeciwnych wytycznych odnośnie wyboru własności tłumiących, rozwiązanie dobory parametrów tłumienia...