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Search results for: GAS WARS
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In silico assessment and sonochemical synthesis of 2-alkynyl 3-chloropyrazines as prospective ligands for SARS-CoV-2
PublicationThe recent global pandemic caused by COVID-19 has triggered an intense effort worldwide towards the development of an effective cure for this disease. In our effort we have explored the 2-alkynyl substituted 3-chloropyrazine framework as a potential template for the design of molecules for this purpose. Our strategy was supported by the in silico studies of representative compounds to assess their binding affinities via docking...
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Highly Conserved Homotrimer Cavity Formed by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein: A Novel Binding Site
PublicationAn important stage in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) life cycle is the binding of the spike (S) protein to the angiotensin converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) host cell receptor. Therefore, to explore conserved features in spike protein dynamics and to identify potentially novel regions for drugging, we measured spike protein variability derived from 791 viral genomes and studied its properties by molecular...
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Wireless LAN with noncooperative anonymous stations: QOS provisioning via war of attrition
PublicationMAC-layer QoS provision necessitates an admission scheme to grant a requested QoS notwithstanding subse-quent requests. For an ad hoc WLAN with anonymous stations, we assume a degree of power awareness to propose a session- rather than frame-level bidding for bandwidth. Next we analyze the underlying Bayesian war of attrition game.
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German Jews in Jelenia Góra immediately After the End of the Second World War
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Under the Fire of Disinformation. Attitudes Towards Fake News in the Ukrainian Frozen War
PublicationIn this article, we examine individual attitudes towards fake news in the extreme conditions of a propaganda war, taking into account the complex regional social and historical conditions. For this purpose, within the mobile boundary zone during frozen war in Ukraine, we conducted qualitative research among representatives of generations X and Z (high school teachers and students). Being accustomed to fake news turned out to be...
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Radioisotope measurement of selected parameters of liquid-gas flow using single detector system
PublicationTo determine the parameters of two-phase flows using radioisotopes, usually two detectors are used. Knowing the distance between them, the velocity of the dispersed phase is calculated based on time delay estimation. Such a measurement system requires the use of two gamma-ray sealed sources. But in some situations it is also possible to determine velocity of dispersed phase using only one scintillation probe and one gamma-ray source....
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Separation of toluene from gas phase using supported imidazolium ionic liquid membrane
PublicationInvestigation on utilization of supported ionic liquids membranes for hydrocarbon separation from the gas phase was performed. Properties of membrane phase, wettability of supports, swelling effects and solubility of toluene were taken into account. Toluene permeation rates were significantly higher than those of pure nitrogen, the selectivity in a range of 17–341 was satisfying for separation. Despite the increase of viscosity...
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Evaluation of the usefulness and optimization of the separation conditions in Empty Column Gas Chromatography (EC-GC)
PublicationDotychczasowe badania wykazały, że możliwe jest rozdzielanie wysokowrzących mieszanin techniką chromatografii gazowej z zastosowaniem pustej rurki kapilarnej z topionej krzemionki, zamiast kolumn zawierających fazę stacjonarną. Operacja rozdzielania chromatograficznego ma miejsce jedynie na zasadzie różnicy temperatur wrzenia rozdzielanych substancji. Wysoki stopień podobieństwa warunków rozdzielania, osiąganych w ten sposób, z...
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ChemInform Abstract: Modern Methods of Thermochemical Biomass Conversion into Gas, Liquid and Solid Fuels
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Use of Impedance Spectroscopy to Characterize Lining Performance in Simulated Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems
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Trust in the source of received information as a factor related to public perception of shale gas drilling
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Review of Small Gas Turbine Engines and Their Adaptation for Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Systems
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Furan Fragmentation in the Gas Phase: New Insights from Statistical and Molecular Dynamics Calculations
PublicationWe present a complete exploration of the different fragmentation mechanisms of furan (C4H4O) operating at low and high energies. Three different theoretical approaches are combined to determine the structure of all possible reaction intermediates, many of them not described in previous studies, and a large number of pathways involving three types of fundamental elementary mechanisms: isomerization, fragmentation, and H/H2 loss...
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Gas Composition Influence on the Properties of Boron-Doped Diamond Films Deposited on the Fused Silica
PublicationThe main subject of this study are molecular structures and optical properties of boron-doped diamond films with [B]/[C] ppm ratio between 1000 and 10 000, fabricated in two molar ratios of CH 4 -H 2 mixture (1 % and 4 %). Boron-doped diamond (BDD) film on the fused silica was presented as a conductive coating for optical and electronic purposes. The scanning electron microscopy images showed homogenous and polycrystalline surface...
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Standing Acoustic Waves and Relative Nonlinear Phenomena in a Vibrationally Relaxing Gas-Filled Resonator
PublicationStanding acoustic waves in one-dimensional resonator filled with vibrationally relaxing gas, are studied. Two regimes of excitation of molecular vibrational degrees of freedom are considered, equilibrium and nonequilibrium. The acoustic energy enlarges with time in the non-equilibrium regime and decreases otherwise before formation of discontinuity. After that, it decreases due to nonlinear absorption and tends to zero in equilibrium...
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Load effect impact on the exploitation of concrete machine foundations used in the gas and oil industry
PublicationMachine foundations is a critical topic in the gas and oil industry, which design and exploitation require extensive technical knowledge. Machine foundations are the constructions which are intended for mounting on it a specific type of machine. The foundation has to transfer dynamic and static load from machine to the ground. The primary difference between machine foundations and building foundations is that the machine foundations...
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Methods of assaying volatile oxygenated organic compounds in effluent samples by gas chromatography—A review
PublicationThe paper is a review of the procedures for the determination of volatile and semivolatile oxygenated organic compounds (O-VOCs) in effluent samples by gas chromatography. Current trends and outlook for individual steps of the procedure for the determination of O-VOCs in effluents are discussed. The available sample preparation techniques and their limitations are described along with GC capillary columns used for O-VOCs separation...
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Analysis of odour interactions in model gas mixtures using electronic nose and fuzzy logic
PublicationMeasurement and monitoring of air quality in terms of odour nuisance is an important problem. Although the source of these nuisances is different (e.g. wastewater treatment plants, municipal landfills), their common feature is that they are a complex mixture of odorants with different odour thresholds. An additional problem is occurrence of the odour interactions between mixture components. From a practical point of view, it would...
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Highly effective asphaltene-derived adsorbents for gas phase removal of volatile organic compounds
PublicationA novel nitrated asphaltene-derived adsorbent (Asf-Nitro) was prepared using facile isolation and modification procedures. The successful modification was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The nitrated adsorbent was evaluated in terms of dispersive and specific interactions, Lewis acid-base properties and adsorption isotherms by means of inverse gas chromatography (IGC). Nitration was found to be extremely...
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Signals features extraction in radioisotope liquid-gas flow measurements using wavelet analysis
PublicationKnowledge of the structure of a flow is significant for the proper conduct of a number of industrial processes. In this case, a description of a two-phase flow regimes is possible by use of the time-series analysis in time, frequency and state-space domain. In this article the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied for analysis of signals obtained for water-air flow using gamma ray absorption. The presented method was illustrated...
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Application of cyanated asphaltenes in gas-phase adsorption processes for removal of volatile organic compounds
PublicationThe paper presents an innovative, chemically modified (methylcyanated) asphaltene-based adsorbent that can be an inter-esting low-cost alternative for traditional adsorbents. Adsorption properties of adsorbents were examined by inverse gas chromatography technique, adsorption isotherms, and breakthrough curves. A significant increase in retention volume for pyridine, 2-pentanone, nitropropane, toluene, and 1-butanol was observed....
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Signal Processing in the Investigation of Two-phase Liquid-gas Flow by Gamma-ray Absorption
Publicationn this paper, the use of the gamma-absorption method applied in the investigation of the two-phase liquid-gas flow in the pipeline is described. An example of its application to the air transported by water in a horizontal pipeline is evaluated. In the measurements, Am-241 radioactive sources and probes with Nal (Tl) scintillation crystals have been used. The signals from the radiometric set were used to determine the velocity...
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High temperature air/steam gasification of biomass in view of hydrogen rich gas production.
PublicationArtykuł przedstawia opis nowej i zaawansowanej metody konwersji termochemicznej biomasy i miejskich odpadów stałych w paliwo gazowe, bogate w wodór. W porównaniu z tradycyjnym procesem gazyfikacji, w metodzie tej wykorzystuje się powietrze/parę wodną przegrzane do wysokiej temperatury (powyżej 1300 st. C). Przegrzanie powietrza lub pary wodnej odbywa się z zastosowaniem ceramicznego przegrzewacza wysokotemperaturowego. W celu...
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Hydrogen rich gas production from high temperature air/steam gasification of biomass
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono nowoczesną technikę konwersji biomasy oraz stałych odpadów komunalnych w celu produkcji paliwa gazowego bogatego w wodór. Opisany proces gazyfikacji przebiega w wysokiej temperaturze przy obniżonej koncentracji tlenu i udziale pary wodnej. Dzięki temu możliwa jest produkcja gazów palnych, w szczególności H2, który można wykorzystać do produkcji energii elektrycznej i cieplnej.
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Determination of solvents residues in vegetable oils and pharmaceuticals by headspace analysis and capillary gas chromatography.
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki zastosowania techniki analizy fazy nadpowierzchniowej w połączeniu z kapilarną chromatografią gazową do oznaczania wybranych rozpuszczalników organicznych w próbkach olejów jadalnych i produktów farmaceutycznych. Oznaczane rozpuszczalniki to: benzen, toluen, heksan oraz chlorowcopochodne węglowodorów alifatycznych. Opracowaną procedurę poddano walidacji. Wyznaczono granicę wytrzymalności, oznaczalności, liniowość...
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Development and evaluation of headspace gas chromatography method for the analysis of carbonyl compounds in spirits and vodkas
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki oznaczania związków karbonylowych (po przeprowadzeniu w pochodne przy użyciu odczynnika derywatyzującego - o-PFBHA) przy wykorzystaniu techniki analizy fazy nadpowierzchniowej w połączeniu z chromatografią gazową i detektorem wychwytu elektronów(ECD). Przedstawiono optymalizację metodyki oraz wyniki uzyskane podczas próbek rzeczywistych wybranych wyrobów spirytusowych.
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Application of static headspace gas chromatography for routine analysis of VFAs in cattle farm wastewater
PublicationOznaczanie lotnych kwasów tłuszczowych w próbkach środowiskowych jest tematem coraz powszechniej analizowanym z uwagi na ich uciążliwość w środowisku. Celem pracy było wykorzystanie techniki statycznej analizy headspace (HS) w połączeniu z analizą chromatograficzną do oznaczania lotnych kwasów monokarboksylowych w wodnych próbkach środowiskowych pochodzących z hodowli bydła.
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Evaluation of Linkers’ Influence on Peptide-Based Piezoelectric Biosensors’ Sensitivity to Aldehydes in the Gas Phase
PublicationRecent findings qualified aldehydes as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. One of the possibilities is to use electrochemical biosensors in point-of-care (PoC), but these need further development to overcome some limitations. Currently, the primary goal is to enhance their metrological parameters in terms of sensitivity and selectivity. Previous findings indicate that peptide OBPP4 (KLLFDSLTDLKKKMSEC-NH2) is a promising...
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Polyether-block-amide PEBA membranes for gas separation and pervaporation; current design and applications
PublicationPolyether-block-amide (PEBA) membranes have attracted considerable attention for their exceptional efficacy in gas separation and pervaporation processes. This comprehensive review delves into the precise definition, distinguishing characteristics, and diverse applications of PEBA membranes over the past five years. A primary research objective focuses on enhancing gas separation efficiency, primarily through augmenting membrane...
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Reliability of flue gas desulphurisation installations - the essential condition of efficient air pollution control
PublicationW celu minimalizacji niekorzystnego wpływu SO2 i SO3 na środowisko naturalne w wielu instalacjach skrubery odsiarczające gaz spalinowy (FGD) stosowane są do usuwania tlenków siarki z gazów wylotowych. Ostre warunki pracy skruberów i dodatkowego osprzętu powodują problemy korozyjne w powszechnie stosowanych materiałach konstrukcyjnych a awarie wywierają długookresowy wpływ na środowisko. Opisano najnowsze doświadczenia związane...
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Experimental and numerical investigation of mercury removal from flue gas by sorbent polymer composite
PublicationThis paper presents an experimental and numerical investigation of the performance of a sorbent polymer composite (SPC) material used for removing mercury from the flue gases in a full-scale industrial installation. The investigated material is an attractive alternative to activated carbon, which is commonly used for this purpose. While the application of the SPC is characterized by high capital expenditures, this technology offers...
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Development of a spray-ejector condenser for the use in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant
PublicationOne promising solution for developing low-emission power technologies is using gaseous fuel combustion in pure oxygen when the exhaust gas mixture is composed of H2O and CO2, and where CO2 is separated after steam condensation. The paper presents the results of computational analyses providing to the Spray-Ejector Condenser (SEC) development, which is one of the crucial components of the negative CO2 gas power plant (nCO2PP) cycle...
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Modeling of low calorific gas burning in a deficient oxygen environment and high-temperature oxidizer
PublicationThe experimental research will be performed using the experimental facility with a combustion chamber. The oxygen concentration in combustion oxidizers will be varied from 21% by volume (normal) air to 2%. The test combustion chamber will be fed with propane or methane as the reference fuel, then with low calorific fuels as test gases obtained by mixing various combustible components, e.g. H2, CH4, CO, and neutral gases, e.g. N2,...
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Investigation of the Efficiency of a Dual-Fuel Gas Turbine Combustion Chamber with a Plasma‒Chemical Element
PublicationThe study is devoted to the possibility of increasing the efficiency of the working process in dual-fuel combustion chambers of gas turbine engines for FPSO vessels. For the first time, it is proposed to use the advantages of plasma‒chemical intensification of the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in the dual-fuel combustion chambers, which can simultaneously operate on gaseous and liquid fuels. A design scheme of a combustion chamber...
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography - promising technique for analysis of complex food matrices
PublicationThe present paper is focused on brief description of operational principle of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) technique, instrumentation and data processing. Furthermore, the examples of application in the field of food analysis, performed also in the author's laboratory, are given. The detailed discussion of GC×GC characterization and comparison of the volatile composition of berries of different blue...
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Influence of ethylene glycol on CaCO3 particles formation via carbonation in the gas-slurry system
PublicationStrącanie węgalnu wapnia przebiegało w układzie gaz-zawiesina w reakcji wodorotlenku wapnia z dwutlenkiem węgla. Proces precypitacji był prowadzony w obecności glikolu etylenowego. Użyty dodatek organiczny zmieniał lepkość mieszaniny reakcyjnej oraz rozpuszczalność dwutlenku węgla i węgalnu wapnia, co miało wpływ na warunki precypitacji CaCO3. Wzrost stężnia glikolu etylenowego w mieszaninie reakcyjnej powodował większe zużycie...
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Diagnostic tolerances' evaluation method of the start-up exhaust temperature of a naval gas turbine
PublicationThe conducted investigations aimed to elaborate the method of marking diagnostic tolerances of the exhaust temperature of a gas turbine observed during engine's start-up process. The diagnostic tolerances were determined by means of statistical inference by creating the hypothesis about a normal distribution of the start-up exhaust temperature's dispersion in the initial operation moment, which was subsequently verified applying...
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Determination of volatile organic compounds using solventless sample preparation techniques and gas chromatography
PublicationIn this paper the latest advances in the determination of volatile organic compounds using solvent-free extraction techniques in the sample preparation step are presented. A paper is focus mainly on one of the most popular sample preparation technique: solid-phase microextraction technique (SPME) combined with different detection systems and its applications to sampling of VOCs from the samples with different matrices. This paper...
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Piecewise continuous distribution function method: Fluid equations and wave disturbances at stratified gas
PublicationUkład równań typu hydrodynamicznego dla warstwowych gazów w polu grawitacyjnym pochodzi od równania BGK metodą częściowej ciągłej funkcji dystrybucji. Otrzymany system równań uogólnia układ Naviera-Stokesa w dowolnych liczbach Knudsena. Rozwiązania WBK dla ultradźwięku wprowadza się w przypadku stratyfikacji exponecjalnej.
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A simple gas chromatograph for educational purposes = Prosty chromatograf gazowy do celów dydaktycznych
PublicationOpisano prosty chromatograf gazowy zaprojektowany specjalny do celów dydaktycznych, oraz serię doświadczeń laboratoryjnych z wykorzystaniem tego instrumentu w celu nauczania podstaw chromatografii studentów chemii analitycznej.
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Inert gas condensation made bimetallic FeCu nanoparticles - plasmonic response and magnetic ordering
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Natural radioactivity of solid and liquid phases from shale oil and gas prospection in Pomerania
PublicationIonizing radiation intensity data and estimation of equivalent absorbed dose from solid and liquid samples from prospection of shale gas and oil at selected sites in Pomerania are presented. Naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM) are associated with geological formations or fluids and can be enhanced during oil and gas production. They appear in e.g. drilling cuttings, flow back water, produced water, scale and sludge....
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Interaction of Acoustic and Thermal Modes in the Gas with Nonequilibrium Chemical Reactions: Possibilities of Acoustic Cooling
PublicationNonlinear generation of thermal mode during propagation of dominative sound in a chemically reacting gas is considered. The dynamic equation of excess temperature associated with the thermal mode is derived. It is instantaneous and includes quadratic nonlinear acoustic source reflecting the nonlinear character of interaction between acoustic and non-acoustic types of gas motion. Both periodic and aperiodic sound may be considered...
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Nonlinear generation of non-acoustic modes by low-frequency sound in a vibrationally relaxing gas
PublicationTwo dynamic equations referring to a weakly nonlinear and weakly dispersive flow of a gas in which molecular vibrational relaxation takes place. are derived. The first one governs an excess temperature associated with the thermal mode, and the second one describes variations in vibrational energy. Both quantities refer to non-wave types of gas motion. These variations are caused by the nonlinear transfer of acoustic energy into...
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Multidimensional Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis. Part 2: Application to Characterisation and Identification
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Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry: Recent evolution and current trends
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Essential-Oil Analysis of Irradiated Spices by Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography
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Analysis of essential oils through comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography: General utility
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Headspace Liquid-Phase Microextraction of Chlorobenzenes in Soil with Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detection
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Thermal Self-Action Effects of Acoustic Beam in a Gas with Reversible or Irreversible Chemical Reaction
PublicationThermal self-action of acoustic beam in a gas where an exothermic chemical reaction takes place, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a newtonian fluid. In dependence on the type of a chemical reaction, reversible or not, heating or cooling of a medium occurs. A beam in the case of the irreversible reaction may be unusually self-focusing. The self-action effects relating to wave beams containing shock...