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Search results for: SEPTIC TANK
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Design of septic tanks placed on cohesive soils
PublicationThe paper presents a short review of literature with regard to design and erection of the reinforced concrete and concrete tanks. The authors investigated the underground septic tank with of 10 m3 capacity placed on cohesive soils. The authors compared the values of internal forces for soils in drained and undrained conditions with different geotechnical parameters: loamy sand of liquidity index IL = 0.1 and IL = 0.7 and clay with...
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LNG TANK IN ŚWINOUJŚCIE: NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF THE TANK DOME ELEMENTS BEHAVIOUR
PublicationIn this paper, the dome of a tank in the Świnoujście LNG terminal is analysed. Some of the rafter ribs at the connection with hangers were not mounted during construction of the tank dome. Therefore, it has become necessary to estimate its response, which has been done with the aid of some computational models of the dome, that have been created in the finite element method environment. Different local models are studied, aiming...
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Modelling of vibrations of a liquid filled tank
PublicationPrzeprowadzono analizę teoretyczną i numeryczną zbiorników długich i krótkich wypełnionych całkowicie lub częściowo cieczą. Wyznaczenie obciążeń hydrodynamicznych dotyczy bezpośrednio wytrzymałości konstrukcji samego zbiornika, a przez to pozwala określić wytrzymałość konstrukcyjną całego kadłuba. Szczególne wymagania stawiane są zbiornikom do przewozu cieczy radioaktywnych, gdyż należy zapewnić bardzo wysoki stopień bezpieczeństwa...
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Hydrodynamics of tank partially filled with liquid.
PublicationW artykule podano podstawowe równania dynamiki zbiornika wypełnionego częściowo cieczą. Na modelu tego zbiornika przeprowadzono badania eksperymentalne i wyniki tych badań przedstawiono jako efekt końcowy.
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Stesses in tank shell with shape deformation
PublicationW referacie przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów naprężeń w płaszczy stalowego, rzeczywistego zbiornika. Pomiary przeprowadzono przy pomocy tensometrii elektrooporowej. Obiektem badań był stalowy zbiornik pionowy z dachem pływającym o pojemności nominalnej 12.000 m3. Defermacje płaszcza stalowego badanego obiektu wynoszą od -170 do +150 mm.
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Damage repair of the double shell tank
PublicationPłaszcz wewnętrzny stalowego zbiornika dwupłaszczowego o pojemności 10000 m3 został zdeformowany w wyniku błędu popełnionego podczas próby wodnej przy odbiorze zbiornika. W referacie omówiono technologię naprawy silnie zdeformowanego płaszcza zbiornika. Stosowano roztłaczanie hydrauliczne, prostowanie mechaniczne i termiczne oraz wymianę najbardziej uszkodzonych blach.
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Experimental investigations of the hydroelasticity of a liquid-filled tank
PublicationW artykule przedstwiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych dotyczących współoddziaływania konstrukcji odkształcalnej z cieczą. Badania przeprowadzono na dwóch zbiornikach prostopadłościennych ze sprężyście odkształcalnymi ścianami szczytowymi. Badanie tego zjawiska ma odniesienie do często spotykanych zdarzeń praktycznych jak zderzenie zbiornikowca z innym statkiem lub nabrzeżem portowym.
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Experimental investigations of the model tank of a liquid filled
PublicationPraca dotyczy zagadnienia hydrosprężystości wewnętrznej i jest poświęcona badaniom eksperymentalnym drgań na modelu zbiornika wypełnionego cieczą. Badania dotyczą drgań giętnych w płaszczyźnie pionowej zbiornika odkształcalnego zawierającego ciecz. Otrzymano oscylogramy dla modelu suchego (brak cieczy) oraz dla modelu wypełnionego całkowicie cieczą. Następnie dokonano obróbki tych oscylogramów pod kątem badania drgań modelu w zakresie...
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Generation and Propagation of Nonlinear Waves in a Towing Tank
PublicationThe paper presents the results of the research focused on linear and nonlinear wave generation and propagation in a deepwater towing tank equipped with a single flap-type wavemaker of variable draft. The problem of wave generation and propagation has been theoretically formulated and solved by applying an analytical method; linear and nonlinear solutions were obtained. The linear solution has been verified experimentally. The...
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Fuzzy Control of Waves Generation in a Towing Tank
PublicationThis paper presents the results of research related to the transformation of electrical energy into potential and kinetic energy of waves generated on the water surface. The waves are generated to model the environmental conditions for the needs of the model tests. The model tests are performed on model-scale objects to predict the features of full-scale maritime objects. It is done to improve human safety and the survivability...
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Digital Control System of the Wavemaker in the Towing Tank
PublicationThe paper describes a digital control system of the rigid flap wavemaker in a towing tank in CTO S.A. Ship Design and Research Centre. The control system is based on an 8-bit AVR microcontroller and consists of two cascading PID controllers. The digital system replaced the previous analogue system from 1974 and has been integrated with the existing sensors and actuators of the wavemaker. The new control system allows to obtain...
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Modelling, Simulation and Optimization of the Wavemaker in a Towing Tank
PublicationThe paper analyses the problem of experimental identification (frequency response), modelling and optimization of the towing tank wavemaker in the Scilab/Xcos environment. The experimental identification of the objects (the towing tank wavemaker placed in the hydrodynamic laboratory of the CTO S.A. Ship Design and Research Centre (CTO)) and the implementation of the models in the simulation environment, enable to perform: 1. tuning...
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The propagation of the waves in the CTO S.A. towing tank
PublicationThe paper presents the results of research focused on the wave propagation in the CTO S.A. deepwater towing tank. In the scope of paper, the wavemaker transfer function was determined for regular waves, based on the Biésel Transfer Function and further for irregular waves, based on Hasselman model of nonlinear energy transfer. The phenomena: wave damping, wave breakdown and wave reflection, were measured, analyzed and mathematically...
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Roll respose of ship fitted with passive stabilizing tank.
PublicationPrzedstawiono fizyczny i matematyczny model kołysań statku z biernym zbiornikiem stabilizacyjnym. Wyprowadzono równania ruchu i podano ich rozwiązania. Określono najistotniejsze zalecenia projektowe w oparciu o uzyskane rozwiązania. Wskazano kierunek poszukiwania optymalnych rozwiązań dla układu statek-bierny zbiornik stabilizacyjny.
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Analysis of Impulse Responses Measured in Motion in a Towing Tank
PublicationThe growing interest in developing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and creating underwater sensor networks (USNs) has led to a need for communication tools in underwater environments. For obvious reasons, wireless means of communication are the most desirable. However, conducting research in real conditions is troublesome and costly. Moreover, as hydroacoustic propagation conditions change very significantly, even during...
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Analysis of Impulse Responses Measured in Motion in a Towing Tank
PublicationThe growing interest in developing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and creating underwater sensor networks (USNs) has led to a need for communication tools in underwater environments. For obvious reasons, wireless means of communication are the most desirable. However, conducting research in real conditions is troublesome and costly. Moreover, as hydroacoustic propagation conditions change very significantly, even during...
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Behavior Based Complete Coverage Task of Unknown Area by an Autonomous Mobile Robot SCORPION with Static Obstacles in Environment
PublicationIn the paper the behavior based control system of an autonomous mobile robot SCORPION is presented to execute the one of the most difficult navigation task, which is the complete coverage task of unknown area with static obstacles in the environment. The main principle assumed to design control system was that the robot should cover all area only once, if it possible, to optimize the length of path and energy consumption. All commercial...
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Analysis of tank safety with propane-butane on LPG distribution station
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Fixed roof to shell connection in tank with an internal floating cover.
PublicationReferat dotyczy projektowania połączenia dachu stałego zbiornika walcowego z płaszczem w przypadku zastosowania wewnętrznego przekrycia pływającego. Zaproponowano zastosowanie dodatkowego pierścienia usztywniającego, zabezpieczającego górną krawędź płaszcza zbiornika. Wyniki analiz z zastosowaniem metody elementów skończonych zamieszczono w formie map naprężeń.
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Deformations of the steel schell of a vertical cylindrical tank caused by underpressure
PublicationUnderpressure in a tank with a fixed roof may arise in the final stage of its construction as well as during its usage. This article presents stages of deformations of the tank shell and their development from the occurrence of the first deformation to either removal of the causes of underpressure or cracking of the steel shell.
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CONTROL OF THE WAVES IN A TOWING TANK WITH THE USE OF A BLACK-BOX MODEL
PublicationThe paper describes an adaptive control system of the waves, implemented in the Ship Design and Research Centre, CTO S.A. The purpose of generating the waves in the towing tank is the modelling of the environmental conditions during hydrodynamic model tests. The tests are performed on scale models of towed or free running ships, anchored structures like oil rigs or bottommounted structures, e.g. wind turbines. In the towing tank...
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Design Equation for Stirring Fluid by a Stream Pump in a Circulating Tank
PublicationA circulating tank is a very useful theoretical scheme for many fluid-flow objects in several branches of engineering. The motion of the fluid in such objects can be induced in different ways. A stream pump provides an especially interesting possibility; however, the quantitative description of such devices shows some shortcomings. Such a device is analogous to a jet pump, thus has similar advantages (simplicity of construction,...
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Design of three control algorithms for an averaging tank with variable filing
PublicationAn averaging tank with variable filling is a nonlinear multidimensional system and can thus be considered a complex control sys-tem. General control objectives of such object include ensuring stability, zero steady state error and achieving simultaneously shortest possible settling time and minimal overshoot. The main purpose of this research work was the modelling and synthesis of three control systems for an averaging tank. In...
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Synthesis of a state feedback controller for an averaging tank with variable filling
PublicationIn paper, a nonlinear averaging tank with variable filling is considered. The main purpose of this research work was the modelling and control system synthesis of an averaging tank. The control objectives included ensuring stability and zero steady-state error of the system and achieving settling time as short as possible, while maintaining a minimal overshoot. In order to achieve the intended purpose, firstly a mathematical model...
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Reliability estimation of underground horizontal fuel tank limit states
PublicationFuel tanks are designed with regard to standard loads and operating conditions. The investigations of the paper show the impact of such factors as tank corrosion and other means on the variation of stress fields and deformation of the underground horizontal tank shell. The introduction of probabilistic methods allows for structural reliability assessment. While the computational time of the entire tank FEM model is high, the preliminary...
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Rank Coloring of Graphs.
PublicationRozdział jest poświęcony uporządkowanemu kolorowaniu grafów. Przedstawiono jego podstawowe własności oraz zastosowania praktyczne.
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Stress analysis in the steel tank shell at its connection with product pipeline
PublicationPrzeanalizowano zaburzenia stanu błonowego w powłoce zbiornika walcowego pionowego w strefie przyłączenia do płaszcza rurociągu produktowego
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Stresses in the zone of process openings in the shell of a vertical cylindrical steel tank
PublicationW dolnej części płaszcza zbiornika walcowego na ciecze konieczne jest wykonanie różnego rodzaju otworów technologicznych. Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie stanu naprężeń w strefie wzmocnień wykonywanych w sąsiedztwie otworów na rurociągi oraz na włazy wyczystkowe w płaszczu zbiornika. Ponieważ charakter zmian naprężeń, a więc i wzmocnień w strefie obu rodzajów otworów jest różny dlatego artykuł podzielony jest na dwie części, z...
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Diagnosis of Damage in a Steel Tank Model by Shaking Table Harmonic Tests
PublicationDiagnosis of damage in civil engineering structures has recently become an important issue in the safety assessment procedure. Among a number of different approaches, a method of measuring the changes in natural frequencies is one of the most effective indicators of global damage. It has been successfully applied to relatively small. structures, however, the tests on large structures are very difficult and the practical application...
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Response of a steel tank during earthquakes and mining tremors - experimental investigation
PublicationCylindrical steel tanks are very popular shell structures used to store the products of chemical and petroleum industries. Any failure might have disastrous consequences, therefore their safety and reliability is essential. Earthquakes are the most dangerous and also the most unpredictable dynamic loads acting on such structures. On the other hand, mining tremors are usually considered to be less severe due to lower acceleration...
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Diagnosis of Damage in a Steel Tank Model by Shaking Table Harmonic Tests
PublicationThe aim of the present paper is to show the results of the shaking table experimental study concerning the diagnosis of damage in a model of cylindrical steel tank with self-supported roof which is filled with liquid. During the tests, the base of the structure was excited under the harmonic loading with variable frequency. The tests were repeated for different stages of damage, which was introduced in the model by easing the bolts...
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Application of the ISE Optimized Proportional Control of the Wave Maker in a Towing Tank
PublicationThis paper presents the improvement of the wave maker control system. The wave maker is a facility widely used in hydromechanics laboratories to generate waves in towing tanks. It is equipped with an electrohydraulic drive and an actuator submerged into water. The waves are generated to model the environmental conditions for physical experiments, performed on reduced-scale models of maritime objects. The physical experiments allow...
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Using differential pressure sensor to measure nitrous oxide level in a tank
PublicationA method for measuring the level of liquid nitrous oxide oxidizer in a hybrid rocket motor oxidizer tank is proposed. Presented approach is more accurate than the most commonly used method of this measurement, which employs weighting of the whole sounding rocket or an oxidizer tank. In our solution we use a differential pressure sensor to measure the change of pressure at the bottom of an oxidizer tank in comparison to the pressure...
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Non-standard Analysis Filter Bank Design Applied to Hybrid Filter Bank Architecture
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Identification of dynamic parameters in the context of diagnostics of steel tank with different level of liquid.
PublicationThe paper presents an experimental study to identify the dynamic parameters of a water-filled tank model. The experimental modal analysis approach involving the excitation at one point of the structure and acquisition of vibra tions at selected points distri buted over the tank surface allowed to determine the resonance frequencies, mode shapes and damping ratios. The main aim of the research was to examine the influence of...
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Diagnosis of Damage in a Steel Tank with Self-Supported Roof through Numerical Analysis
PublicationThe safety of civil engineering structures is one of the most important issues of building industry. That is why the assessment of the damage-involved structural response has recently become of major concern to engineers. Among a number of different approaches to diagnosis of damage, the method of measuring the changes in natural frequencies is considered to be one of the most effective indicators of global damage. From the practical...
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Developing a methodology for model tests of floating platforms in a towing tank of low depth
PublicationThe paper presents two ways to mooring model of semi-submersible platform for research in the small depth towing pool. The tested model was made in the likeness of 1:100 Thunder Horse platform moored in the Gulf of Mexico at a depth of 1,920 m. Its mooring system consisted of 16 semi-taut mooring lines (chain-wire-chain) spaced Star-shape and attached at the bottom to the suction piles. The tests were performed in the towing pool...
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Developing Methodology for Model Tests of Floating Platforms in Low -Depth Towing Tank
PublicationThe paper presents two different methods of physical modeling of semi-submersible platform mooring system for research in low depth towing tank. The tested model was made in the scale of 1:100 resembling the "Thunder Horse" platform moored in the Gulf of Mexico at a depth of 1,920 m. Its mooring system consisted of 16 semi-taut mooring lines (chain-wire-chain) spaced starshape and attached at the bottom to suction piles. The tests...
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Experimental determination of dynamic properties of cylindrical steel tank model filled with liquid
PublicationIn technical branches, such as chemical or petroleum industries, cylindrical steel tanks are essential structures used for storage of liquid products. Any failure might have disastrous consequences, therefore their safety and reliability is essential. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of the experimental study which has been conducted on a scaled model of a real tank used in Poland. The investigation was carried...
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Probabilistic estimation of diverse soil condition impact on vertical axis tank deformation
PublicationThe calculations of fuel tanks should take into account the geometric imperfections of the structure as well as the variability of the material parameters of the foundation. The deformation of the tank shell can have a significant impact on the limit state of the structure and its operating conditions. The paper presents a probabilistic analysis of a vertical-axis, floating-roof cylindrical shell of a tank with a capacity of 50000...
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CHALK & TALK OR SWIPE & SKYPE?
PublicationTechnology in classroom is a matter of heated discussions in the field of education development, especially when multidisciplinary education goes along with language skills. Engineers’ education requires theoretical and practical knowledge. Moreover, dedicated computer skills become crucial for both young graduates and experienced educators on the labor market. Teaching online with or without using different Learning Management...
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''Tak naprawdę''
PublicationPrzeanalizowano kwestię zakłamania w dzisiejszym życiu społecznym i politycznym
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Mobilization of Stem and Progenitor Cells in Septic Shock Patients
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Septic safe interactions with smart glasses in health care
PublicationIn this paper, septic safe methods of interaction with smart glasses, due to the health care environment applications consideration, are presented. The main focus is on capabilities of an optical, proximity-based gesture sensor and eye-tracker input systems. The design of both interfaces is being adapted to the open smart glasses platform that is being developed under the eGlasses project. Preliminary results obtained from the...
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The influence of height-to-diameter ratio on wind load of double-shell cylindrical, vertical tank
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano badania modelowe obciążenia wiatrem dwupłaszczowych zbiorników walcowych o różnych smukłościach aerodynamicznych. Przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów przeprowadzonych na dwóch modelach zbiorników z dachem pływajacym i stosunku wysokości do średnicy płaszcza 0,45 i 0,25.
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Advanced coating of Tank Interior as means of Rising Environmental Safety of Tankers/RIM technology
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Damage tests of the single shell ship fuel tank with additional elastic protective coating
PublicationWejście na mieliznę lub kolizja średniej wielkości np. kontenerowca może doprowadzić do zanieczyszczenia środowiska Morza Bałtyckiego paliwem uwolnionym z rozszczelnionych, jednoposzyciowych zbiorników dennych, a ilość tego paliwa może być znaczna. W związku z tym podjęto prace badawcze zmierzające do opracowania sposobu obniżenia ryzyka rozlewu paliwa w wypadku kolizji poprzez wprowadzenie drugiej bariery ochronnej. Idea pomysłu...
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Experimental investigation of Steel–Concrete–Polymer composite barrier for the ship internal tank construction
PublicationTransportation of dangerous cargo by ships demands ensuring an appropriate protection level in case of an accident. Two of the most dangerous accident types resulting in an oil spill are grounding and ship to ship collision. The article presents results of research on a new composite construction for a ship hull that increases structural safety during collision. The concept of semi-elastic Steel–Concrete–Polymer structure is presented....
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Response of cylindrical steel tank under stochastically generated non-uniform earthquake excitation
PublicationCylindrical steel tanks are very important structures in industrial facilities since their application is related to storing different types of products. Their safety and reliability have become a crucial issue because any damage may cause significant consequences, including ecological disaster. The most dangerous dynamic load acting on cylindrical steel tanks is related to earthquakes, especially that the seismic excitation may...
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The impact of footing conditions of a vertical-axis floating-roof tank on structural shell deformation
PublicationStructural shells of fuel tanks are often subjected to geometric imperfections which may lead to exceeding the ultimate and serviceability limit states. One of the means triggering shell deformation is non-uniform settlement caused by incoherent soil conditions. Analysis carried out in the work concerns of vertical-axis, floating-roof cylindrical shell which volume is 50.000 m3, founded on a complex multi-layered soil. The sensitivity...