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MATERIAŁY I ELEMENTY STOSOWANE DO WYKONANIA LEKKIEJ OBUDOWY cz. 1. Materiały metalowe
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono stosowane w lekkich obudowach materiały metalowe i kształtowane z nich wyroby. Omówiono charakterystyczne parametry i różnice technologiczne występujące w produkcji wyrobów. Przedstawiono ocenę odporności korozyjnej materiałów.
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Badania bioaktywności z wykorzystaniem komórek kościotwórczych na tytanie pokrytym chitozanem = Bioactivity studies using osteogenic cells on titanium coated with chitosan
PublikacjaChitosan is a natural polymer from the group of polysaccharides, which has found wide application in biomedical applications to induce bioactivity of implant. The studies described were carried out test imposition of chitosan membranes with varying degrees of deacetylation on the surface of titanium, and then check the bioactivity of the material in vitro, using osteogenic cells MC3T3-E1. Titanium surface before imposition of...
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Mechanical characteristics of welded joints between different stainless steels grades
Publikacjanvestigation of mechanical characteristics of welded joints is one of the most important tasks that allow determining their functional properties. Due to the very high, still rising, cost of some stainless steels it is justified, on economic grounds, welding austenitic stainless steel with steels that are corrosion-resistant like duplex ones. According to forecasts the price of...
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Metody modyfikacji katod w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono podstawowe zasady działania ogniw tlenkowych SOFC i kilka najważniejszych metod modyfikacji występujących w nich katod. Opisanymi metodami są: tworzenie warstwy kolektora prądowego, zmniejszenie wielkości ziarna, tworzenie warstwy kompozytowej, infiltracja katody cząstkami innej fazy i tworzenie warstw z gradientem składu fazowego. Metody te umożliwiają: polepszenie szybkości reakcji redukcji tlenu, własności...
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Failure of austenitic stainless steel tubes during steam generator operation
PublikacjaThe article presents the failure process of austenitic stainless steels used in power devices, such as heat exchangers, steam generators, in terms of local corrosion: pitting, stress and intergranular corrosion, paying particular attention to welded joints area. The effect of steel chemical composition, microstructure, welding process and work environment was analyzed. The second part of the article presents the results of the...
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Wpływ stopowania laserowego z użyciem nanorurek węglowych stopu Ti13Nb13Zr do zastosowań biomedycznych na jego wybrane własności mechaniczne
PublikacjaDo eksperymentu użyto stopu tytanu Ti13Nb13Zr, który ze względu na swój skład chemiczny i właściwości mechaniczne stanowi materiał do zastosowań w inżynierii medycznej. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu stopowania laserowego stopu Ti13Nb13Zr z powłoką z wielościennych nanorurek węglowych na jego właściwości mechaniczne (chropowatość, nanotwardość, moduł Younga). Do wytworzenia powłoki węglowej wykorzystano metodę osadzania elektroforetycznego (EDP)....
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Manganese–Cobalt Based Spinel Coatings Processed by Electrophoretic Deposition Method: The Influence of Sintering on Degradation Issues of Solid Oxide Cell Oxygen Electrodes at 750 °C
PublikacjaThis paper seeks to examine how the Mn–Co spinel interconnect coating microstructure can influence Cr contamination in an oxygen electrode of intermediate temperature solid oxide cells, at an operating temperature of 750 °C. A Mn–Co spinel coating is processed on Crofer 22 APU substrates by electrophoretic deposition, and subsequently sintered, following both the one-step and two-step sintering, in order to obtain significantly...
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Results from tests on bolted connection components for evaluation of friction coefficient in various contact conditions
PublikacjaThe main purpose of the work was the analysis and evaluation of the self-locking quality of a bolted joint covered with Xylan 1070 coating, with comparison to the classic bolts lubricated with Molykote compound during assembly. The second part of the work was the verification of the compliance of the bolts and nuts used in the installation with the ASME B1.1 norm.
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Mrówczan sodu z nowym pakietem inhibitorów korozji jako ekologiczny środek do odladzania infrastruktury lotniczej.
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono wyniki badań korozji kadmowej powłoki na stali oraz korozji po zanurzeniu stopów metali w mrówczanie sodu z nowym pakietem inhibitorów korozji, zawierającym synergiczną kompozycję poliasparaginianu sodu oraz imidazolu. Ponadto wyznaczono zdolność penetracji lodu przez badany układ. Właściwo- ści opracowanej kompozycji odladzającej porównano z właściwościami środków dostępnych na rynku. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że otrzymany...
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Elektrolity stosowane w tlenkowych ogniwach paliwowych
PublikacjaTlenkowe ogniwa paliwowe są jednym z obiecujących kandydatów na nowe źródło energii przyszłości. Dzięki wysokiej wydajności układów kogeneracji energii elektrycznej i cieplnej sięgającej 85% mają potencjał aby dużo efektywniej wykorzystywać paliwo obecnie stosowane w energetyce. Jednakże aby aplikacja na szerszą skalę była możliwa konieczne jest zoptymalizowanie parametrów pracy tych ogniw. Jednym z głównych elementów ogniwa SOFC...
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Copper and cobalt co-doped ceria as an anode catalyst for DIR-SOFCs fueled by biogas
PublikacjaThe nanocrystalline compounds of Co and Cu co-doped ceria (with up to 20 mol.% of dopants) were fabricated by the reverse microemulsion synthesis method. They were deposited in a form of layers on the surface of SOFC anode in an aim to act as electrochemically active materials for biogas reforming process. Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy was used to analyze a composition of outlet gases simultaneously with the tests of...
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LaNi1-xCoxO3-δ(x=0.4 to 0.7) cathodes for solid oxide fuel cells by infiltration
PublikacjaPerformance of LaNi 1-x Co x O 3−δ (LNC) (x=0.4 to 0.7) as a cathode in solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) is evaluated. Symmetrical cathode/electrolyte/cathode cells for electrochemical testing are prepared by infiltration of yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) backbone with LNC solutions. It is showed that the cathode infiltrated with LaNi 0.5 Co 0.5 O 3−δ (LNC155) has the lowest polarization resistance and activation energy, 197 mΩ cm...
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Synthesis and properties of porous Sr 0.96 Y 0.04 Ti 1−x Nb x O 3
PublikacjaA series of porous, single phase Sr0.96Y0.04Ti1-xNbxO3 samples was obtained using a wet synthesis method (modified citrate sol-gel) method. Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) measurements have shown high stability of the obtained material in variable (oxidizing/reducing) atmospheres. All samples exhibit high conductivity in hydrogen atmosphere with the highest value (around 1S/cm)...
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Time evolution of Electrochemical Impedance spectra of cathodically protected steel in artificial seawater
PublikacjaUsability of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy data for better cathodic protection control was investigated. Carbon steel – S235JR2 grade specimen were exposed in artificial seawater environment. Samples were polarized and their potentials corresponded to four different cathodic protection degrees. Time evolution of Electrochemical Impedance spectra was investigated. Goodness of fit function (X2) was analysed in terms of proper...
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Numerical assessment of ultimate strength of severe corroded stiffened plates
PublikacjaThe objective of this work is to investigate numerically (using the non-linear FEM and the approach stipulated by the Common Structural Rules) the severe nonuniform corrosion degradation effect on the ultimate strength of stiffened plates and compare the results to the already published experimental works. Different factors governing structural behavior of corroded stiffened plates are investigated, such as corrosion degradation level,...
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Production and Properties of the Porous Layer Obtained by the Electrochemical Method on the Surface of Austenitic Steel
Publikacja: The growing demand for implants has seen increasing interest in the introduction of new technologies and surface modification methods of metal biomaterials. This research aimed to produce and characterize a porous layer grown on austenitic stainless steel 316L, obtained via the anodization process near the micro-arc oxidation, i.e., low voltage micro-arc oxidation (LVMAO). The discussed layer significantly influences the properties...
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Titania Nanotubes/Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites Produced with the Use of the Atomic Layer Deposition Technique: Estimation of Bioactivity and Nanomechanical Properties
PublikacjaTitanium dioxide nanotubes/hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were produced on a titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V/TNT/HA) and studied as a biocompatible coating for an implant surface modification. As a novel approach for this type of nanocomposite fabrication, the atomic layer deposition (ALD) method with an extremely low number of cycles was used to enrich titania nanotubes (TNT) with a very thin hydroxyapatite coating. X-ray diffraction (XRD)...
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Influence of permanent magnetic field on wear performance of dry sliding contacts
PublikacjaResults of experimental studies concerning the influence of permanent magnetic field on wear of dry sliding contact are presented.It was found that magnetic field of horizontal orientation is causing temporary reduction of material's hardness. It also facilitates and accelerates removal process of wear particles from the contact zone.Formation of bulges, consisting of accumulated and compacted anti-ferromagnetic material produced...
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Ferrofluids based analytical extractions and evaluation of their greenness
PublikacjaFerrofluids are stable dispersions of magnetic nanoparticles in a carrier liquid. They have attracted considerable attention in analytical extractions as they combine fluid-like properties with magnetic character, providing magnetic control over the extraction process. The synthesis of ferrofluids is very straightforward, and it generally involves the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles, their coating, and then mixing in a suitable...
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Heat tint colours on stainless steel and welded joints
PublikacjaSurface layer condition of stainless steels and welded joints influences strongly their corrosion resistance. This problem seems to be underestimated. This current study explains the phenomenon of heat tint forming on welds, the methods of its removal, inspection procedures after heat tint removing and post weld finishing
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Analiza numeryczna i analityczna przekrycia w kształcie powłoki synklastycznej o podstawie kwadratowej
PublikacjaW pracy poruszono problem obliczania przekrycia żelbetowego w kształcie powłoki synklastycznej ściętej o podstawie kwadratowej. Przedstawiono obliczenia analityczne i numeryczne sił w powłoce. Powłoka jest poddana działaniu głównie sił ściskających, co jest korzystne dla tego typu konstrukcji. W strefie brzegowej i podporowej konieczne jest wymiarowanie na mimośrodowe ściskanie i rozciąganie z uwagi na znaczący wzrost momentów...
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Influence of the Tool Rotational Speed on Physical and Chemical Properties of Dissimilar Friction-Stir-Welded AA5083/AA6060 Joints
PublikacjaAluminum alloys have been successfully used in the railroad and automotive industries because of their potential to significantly reduce component weights, and their good mechanical and anti-corrosion properties. Problems with joining aluminum alloys are characterized by low weldability, which influences the need for studies focused on unconventional methods. The environmentally friendly and low-cost friction-stir-welding method...
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CFFT columns in road through railroad crossings
PublikacjaThere were 12801 road through railroad one-level crossings in Poland in 2018. 215 accidents happened at them in 2018. In order to increase safety in rail and road traffic two-level crossings should be used. They are definitely safer and make the traffic more smooth. In the design and construction of two-level intersections of railway and road or path columns of circular cross-section are often used. They can be successfully replaced...
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Centrally Pivoted Tilting Pad Thrust Bearing with Carbon-Based Coated Collar—Experimental Results of Low- and Medium-Speed Operation
PublikacjaExperimental results of the research on a tilting pad thrust bearing with symmetrical pad support in the conditions of high loads and low speeds are presented in the paper. As described in the literature review, experimental results of tilting pad bearings at low speed/high load regime and transient conditions are rare. Unusual material selection - steel pad against a DLC-type coating on the collar was utilized. Such material combination...
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Tribological Properties of Ni-P/Si3N4 Nanocomposite Layers Deposited by Chemical Reduction Method on Aluminum Alloy AW-7075
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of tribological tests of Ni-P/Si3N4 nanocomposite and Ni-P nickel layers deposited on the AW-7075 aluminum alloy by chemical reduction method, and the AW-7075 alloy without coating. Nanocomposite layers were produced using Si3N4 siliconnitride in the form of a polydisperse powder whose particle sizes ranged from 20 to 25 nm. The influence of the content of the dispersion phase layer material on...
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Influence of silver nanoparticles addition on antibacterial properties of PEO coatings formed on magnesium
PublikacjaMagnesium is a biodegradable material and thus could be a choice for bone fixation devices and implants with a specific purpose. This study aims to enhance the anti-corrosive, biocompatible, and antibacterial properties on magnesium-based materials through ceramic coatings formation. To achieve this the silicate-based electrolyte was used to create of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) coatings. During investigation the bioactive...
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Anti-plane shear waves in an elastic strip rigidly attached to an elastic half-space
PublikacjaWe consider the anti-plane shear waves in a domain consisting of an infinite layer with a thin coating lying on an elastic half-space. The elastic properties of the coating, layer, and half-space are assumed to be different. On the free upper surface we assume the compatibility condition within the Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity, whereas at the plane interface we consider perfect contact. For this problem there exist two possible...
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Silica In Silico: A Molecular Dynamics Characterization of the Early Stages of Protein Embedding for Atom Probe Tomography
PublikacjaA novel procedure for the application of atom probe tomography (APT) to the structural analysis of biological systems, has been recently proposed, whereby the specimen is embedded by a silica matrix and ablated by a pulsed laser source. Such a technique, requires that the silica primer be properly inert and bio-compatible, keeping the native structural features of the system at hand, while condensing into an amorphous, glass-like...
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CGO as a barrier layer between LSCF electrodes and YSZ electrolyte fabricated by spray pyrolysis for solid oxide fuel cells
PublikacjaPerovskite La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 − δ (LSCF) is often used as a cathode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) due to high mixed ionic and electronic conductivity and good catalytic activity. Unfortunately, sintering of the LSCF cathode together with the yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte, leads to formation of the La2Zr2O7 and SrZrO3 phases in the interface. These phases increase the resistance of the cell. To avoid...
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Low temperature growth of diamond films on optical fibers using Linear Antenna CVD system
PublikacjaIt is not trivial to achieve a good quality diamond-coated fibre interface due to a large difference in the properties and composition of the diamond films (or use coating even) and the optical fibre material, i.e. fused silica. One of the biggest problems is the high temperature during the deposition which influences the optical fibre or optical fibre sensor structure (e.g. long-period gratings (LPG)). The greatest advantage of...
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Titanium Scaffolds – Hopes and Limitations
PublikacjaThe state-of-art on titanium scaffolds is briefly reviewed. The real hopes from medicine associated with scaffolds are indicated. The limitations of different scaffolds associated with their mechanical, chemical and biological properties are discussed. The great importance of titanium scaffolds is demonstrated as the materials of high biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, fair mechanical properties and important biological...
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MnCo2O4 deposited by spray pyrolysis as a protective layer for stainless steel interconects
PublikacjaStainless steel interconnects working in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells stacks are exposed to high temperature resulting in their corrosion. Protective layers for the hydrogen and oxygen sides are necessary to protect the interconnect material, prolongate the stack lifetime and maintain the output power. In this paper MnCo2O4 protective layer for the oxygen side of the interconnect is deposited by spray pyrolysis and is examined.
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Water absorption and blistering of glass fibre-reinforced polymer marine laminates with nanoparticle-modified coatings
PublikacjaMacro and microstructural damage was studied in typical glass fibre-reinforced polymer laminates with two types of coating systems – (a) isophtalic gel coat: pure or mixed with SiO2 nanoparticles 5 wt% (5%N) or 10 wt% (10%N) and (b) a two-layer coating system: urethane-modified vinyl ester-based gel coat and additional polyester barrier coat layer. Accelerated tests were performed at 50C for 50 days for specimens with nanoparticle-modified...
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Sorbents modified by deep eutectic solvents in microextraction techniques
PublikacjaIn recent years, considerable attention has been directed towards the employment of green solvents, specifically deep eutectic solvents (DES), in liquid phase microextraction techniques. However, comprehensive and organized knowledge regarding the modification of sorbent surface structures with DES remains limited. Therefore, this paper reviews the application of DES in modifying and improving the properties of sorbents for microextraction...
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The new silica-based coated SPME fiber as universal support for the confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium
PublikacjaThe new silica-based SPME fiber coating is reported for the first time as universal support purposed to confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium. Fiber coating was prepared by the sol-gel process, using potassium silicate (K2SiO3) as a precursor and dimethylformamide (DMF) as a pore-forming medium. The concept of synthesis assumes obtaining a solid porous material on the surface of the glass rod and, being characterized...
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An approach for estimation of water wall degradation within pulverized-coal boilers
PublikacjaThe main aim of this paper is to estimate the lifetime of water walls of pulverized-coal boilers at nominal conditions as well as after degradation of water tubes. An approach for a pulverized-coal chamber degradation process has been formulated based on operational and experimental data. This model was formulated using on-line state monitoring of a pulverized coal burner with aim of preventing the fireplace screens from high degradation...
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Solid State Conductivity of Optimized Polypyrrole Coatings on Iron Obtained from Aqueous Sodium Salicylate Solution Determined by Impedance Spectroscopy
PublikacjaIn this work the optimization procedure for corrosion resistance, surface analysis and electrical properties of PPy-Fe electrodes have been examined. Polypyrrole (PPy) film was electrochemically synthesized in a one step process from an aqueous solution of sodium salicylate and pyrrole with certain concentrations, different parameters and type of polymerization...
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Degradation of implantable materials – in vivo and in vitro research
PublikacjaThe article concerns the biological and electrochemical degradation of metallic implants in vivo and in vitro studies. The in vivo research dealt with degradation of plates used to join bones, as well as endoprostheses. The most common damages were: metalosis, breaking in the microstructure changes, breaking in area of holes, as well as plastic deformation throughout the length of an implant. The material used for the research...
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Effect of TiO2 Concentration on Microstructure and Properties of Composite Cu–Sn–TiO2 Coatings Obtained by Electrodeposition
PublikacjaIn this work, Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings were electrochemically obtained from a sulfate bath containing 0–10 g/L of TiO2 nanoparticles. The effect of TiO2 particles on kinetics of cathodic electrodeposition has been studied by linear sweep voltammetry and chronopotentiometry. As compared to the Cu–Sn alloy, the Cu–Sn–TiO2 composite coatings show rougher surfaces with TiO2 agglomerates embedded in the metal matrix. The highest...
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The Chemical and Biological Properties of Nanohydroxyapatite Coatings with Antibacterial Nanometals, Obtained in the Electrophoretic Process on the Ti13Zr13Nb Alloy
PublikacjaThe risk of an early inflammation after implantation surgery of titanium implants has caused the development of different antimicrobial measures. The present research is aimed at characterizing the effects of nanosilver and nanocopper dispersed in the nanohydroxyapatite coatings, deposited on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy, and on the chemical and biological properties of the coatings.The one-stage deposition process was performed by the...
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Effect of double thermal and electrochemical oxidation on titanium alloys for medical applications
PublikacjaThe research focuses on the development and characterization of innovative thin hybrid oxide coatings obtained in subsequent processes of thermal (TO) and electrochemical (EO) oxidation. Four different surface modifications were investigated and the microstructure was determined, the mechanical, chemical and biological properties of the Ti-13Nb-13Zr alloy were assessed using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray dispersion analysis,...
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Influence of laser melting on surface layer properties of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V
PublikacjaIn time of rapid technology and medicine progress, implants are becoming more widely used in the human body, ranging from dental implants, stabilizing plates, screws, orthopaedic prostheses. For example, there are many types of hip prostheses used for hip replacement as well as various types of materials used for these orthopaedic prostheses. Properties of titanium alloys used in hip prostheses combined with good strength properties,...
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Effects of preheating on laser beam–welded NSSC 2120 lean duplex steel
PublikacjaDuplex stainless steels show sustainable alternative for the conventional austenitic grades, with higher strength, higher resistance against stress corrosion cracking, and lower purchase cost. Thus, duplex stainless steel gains more attention in construction, oil and gas, and chemical industries. Among duplex stainless steels, low nickel and low molybdenum alloyed lean duplex stainless steel are a cost-efective substitution of...
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Study of the Resistance to Influence of Aggressive Liquids on Concrete with Lightweight Aggregate
PublikacjaThe corrosion of the structure of concrete caused by the aggressive external environment is one of the main problems that can reduce the durability of buildings. The paper analyzes the influence of the type of component on selected properties of lightweight concrete (LWC) exposed to aggressive liquids. When lightweight concrete containing porous aggregates is used, the influence of an aggressive environment may be of particular...
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Thermodynamics of solid phases containing rare earth oxides
PublikacjaRare earth elements (RE) are incorporated into a large variety of complex oxide phases to provide tailored mechanical, electrical, optical, and magnetic properties. Thermodynamics control phase stability, materials compatibility in use, corrosion, and transformation. This review presents, in one compilation, the thermodynamic properties of a large number of such materials and discusses systematic trends in energetics and the factors...
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Hydrogen induced degradation of structural steel exposed to the technical liquid hydrocarbons
PublikacjaSusceptibility of the differently heat treated 26H2MF steel to stress corrosion cracking has been evaluated in the constant strain rate tension tests done at the strain rate 10-6s-1 and in the constant load tests done at the 0,98 of fracture load. The boiler fuel and the aged mineral oil at 135C and 80C respectively, have been used as the aggressive environments.
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A Multi Rig Screening Test for Thin Ceramic Coatings in Bio - Tribological Applications
PublikacjaA method is presented for the comparative testing of wear resistance of ceramic coatings made from materials potentially feasible in tribo - medical applications, mainly orthopaedic implants made from ceramics coated metals for low cost, long life and low wear particle emission into the body. The method was devised as the main tool for use in research and is comprised of flat on flat and ball on flat surface (sliding) tests. Seven...
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A compact smart sensor based on a neural classifier for objects modeled by Beaunier's model
PublikacjaA new solution of a smart microcontroller sensor based on a simple direct sensor-microcontroller interface for technical objects modeled by two-terminal networks and by the Beaunier’s model of anticorrosion coating is proposed. The tested object is stimulated by a square pulse and its time voltage response is sampled four times by the internal ADC of microcontroller. A neural classifier based on measurement data classifies the...
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Properties of a polyethyleneimine-based sensor for measuring medium and high relative humidity
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono metodę przygotowania filmów polimerowych o zwiększonej odporności na działanie wody. Polietylenoimina została usieciowana w podwyższonej temperaturze. Określono optymalną kompozycję polimeru oraz temperaturę sieciowania. Czujniki rezystancyjne przygotowano metodą ''dip-coating''. Otrzymane czujniki charakteryzują się doskonałą trwałością w wysokich wilgotnościach. Elektryczne parametry czujników określono...
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SIMPLIFIED MODELING OF STRESS AND DEFLECTION LIMIT STATES OF UNDERGROUND TANKS
PublikacjaFuel tanks are designed with regard to standard actions and operating conditions. The work analyses the impact of corrosion and other means to variation of stresses and deformation of a horizontal underground tank shell. The computations are preliminary. Due to the long computational time of the entire tank the analysis is restricted to its part only. The full analysis is bound to assess structural reliability, further allowing...