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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: CURRENT SENSOR
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Evaluating the mobile robot positions using accelerometer data
PublikacjaThis paper analyzes the problem of determining the position of a robot using an accelerometer, which is an essential part of inertial measurement units (IMU). The information gained from such a gauge, however, requires double integration of sensor data. To assure an expected effect, a mathematical model of a low-cost accelerometer of the MEMS type is derived. Moreover, in order to improve the performance of positioning based on...
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Evaluation of Ambient Air Odour Quality in Vicinity of Municipal Landfill Using Electronic Nose Technique
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air quality evaluation with respect to concentration of odorants in a vicinity of municipal landfill. The investigation was carried out with a prototype of electronic nose and a team of panelists utilizing the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type sensor. Performed measurements...
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Road surface roughness estimation employing integrated position and acceleration sensor
PublikacjaAssessment of a surface quality being an essential task for the authorities supervising the roads provides the subject of the paper. Information about riding quality of a pavement, important for drivers, both in terms of their comfort and safety is collected during experiments employing mobile sensors. The paper describes the use of a miniature position and acceleration sensor for evaluation of the roughness of the road surface....
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An optimised placement of the hard quality sensors for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration in drinking water distribution systems
PublikacjaThe problem of an optimised placement of the hard quality sensors in drinking water distribution systemsunder several water demand scenarios for a robust monitoring of the chlorine concentration is formulatedin this paper. The optimality is understood as achieving a desired trade off between the sensors and theirmaintenance costs and the accuracy of estimation of the chlorine concentration. The contribution of thiswork is a comprehensive...
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Discrete-time estimation of nonlinear continuous-time stochastic systems
PublikacjaIn this paper we consider the problem of state estimation of a dynamic system whose evolution is described by a nonlinear continuous-time stochastic model. We also assume that the system is observed by a sensor in discrete-time moments. To perform state estimation using uncertain discrete-time data, the system model needs to be discretized. We compare two methods of discretization. The first method uses the classical forward Euler...
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Evaluating the position of a mobile robot using accelerometer data
PublikacjaThis paper analyses the problem of determining the position of a robot using an accelerometer, which is an essential part of inertial measurement units (IMU). The information gained from such a gauge, however, requires double integration of sensor data. To assure an expected effect, a mathematical model of a low-cost accelerometer of the MEMS type is derived. Moreover, in order to improve the performance of positioning based on...
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Calibration of precipitation estimation algorithm with particular emphasis on the Pomeranian region using high performance computing
PublikacjaFast and accurate precipitation estimation is an important element of remote atmosphere monitoring, as it allows, for example, to correct short-term weather forecasts and the prediction of several types of meteorological threats. The paper presents methodology for calibrating precipitation estimation algorithm based on MSG SEVIRI sensor data, and Optimal Cloud Analysis product available via EumetCast transmission. Calibration is...
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Real‐Time PPG Signal Conditioning with Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) Network for Wearable Devices
PublikacjaThis paper presents an algorithm for real‐time detection of the heart rate measured on a person’s wrist using a wearable device with a photoplethysmographic (PPG) sensor and accelerometer. The proposed algorithm consists of an appropriately trained LSTM network and the Time‐Domain Heart Rate (TDHR) algorithm for peak detection in the PPG waveform. The Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) network uses the signals from the accelerometer...
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Influence of a Radio Frequency on RF Fingerprinting Accuracy Based on Ray Tracing Simulation
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of a radio signal frequency on performance of Indoor Positioning System based on fingerprinting has been examined using ray-tracing simulations. It has been simulated how spatial distribution of an RF signal strength change with the signal’s frequency. The results were used to show its’ impact on the behavior of localization algorithms that are employing RSS measurements to determine node’s position...
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Vision-based parking lot occupancy evaluation system using 2D separable discrete wavelet transform
PublikacjaA simple system for rough estimation of the occupancy of an ad-hoc organized parking lot is presented. A reasonably simple microprocessor hardware with a low resolution monochrome video camera observing the parking lot from the location high above the parking surface is capable of running the proposed 2-D separable discrete wavelet transform (DWT)-based algorithm, reporting the percentage of the observed parking area occupied by...
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Processing of acoustical data in a multimodal bank operating room surveillance system
PublikacjaAn automatic surveillance system capable of detecting, classifying and localizing acoustic events in a bank operating room is presented. Algorithms for detection and classification of abnormal acoustic events, such as screams or gunshots are introduced. Two types of detectors are employed to detect impulsive sounds and vocal activity. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to discern between the different classes of...
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Design of a Distributed System using Mobile Devices and Workflow Management for Measurement and Control of a Smart Home and Health
PublikacjaThe paper presents design of a distributed system for measurements and control of a smart home including temper- atures, light, fire danger, health problems of inhabitants such as increased body temperature, a person falling etc. This is done by integration of mobile devices and standards, distributed service based middleware BeesyCluster and a workflow management system. Mobile devices are used to measure the parameters and are...
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Multi-sensor monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in utility water installations
PublikacjaThis paper presents an implementation of the monitoring of the corrosion rate and the assessment of the efficiency of a corrosion inhibitor in a utility water installation using an automated corrosion monitoring system. Due to the fact that the corrosion inhibitor was added to water intended for human consumption, it was necessary to build a multi-sensor monitoring system. In order to implement corrosion monitoring using a linear...
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Low-coherence sensors with nanolayers for biomedical sensing
PublikacjaIn this paper, we describe the fiber optic low-coherence sensors using thin film. We investigated their metrological parameters. Presented sensors were made with the use of standard telecommunication single mode optical fiber (SMF28). Different materials were applied to obtain thick layers, such as boron doped diamond, silver and gold. The thickness of layers used in the experiments ranged from 100 nm to 300 nm. Measurements were...
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Synthesis and properties of porous Sr 0.96 Y 0.04 Ti 1−x Nb x O 3
PublikacjaA series of porous, single phase Sr0.96Y0.04Ti1-xNbxO3 samples was obtained using a wet synthesis method (modified citrate sol-gel) method. Temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) measurements have shown high stability of the obtained material in variable (oxidizing/reducing) atmospheres. All samples exhibit high conductivity in hydrogen atmosphere with the highest value (around 1S/cm)...
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A modern approach to an unmanned vehicle navigation
PublikacjaA traditional approach to manned vehicles navigation uses a data combined form a variety of navigation sensors like satellite, inertial and time-of-flight. With support of operators perception, chart and sensor, data are analyzed and navigation decisions are made. An unmanned platforms navigation needs an operators support, who is supervising a platforms decision process, basing on navigation data obtained via variety of electronic...
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Highly sensitive microwave sensors based on open complementary square split-ring resonator for sensing liquid materials
PublikacjaThis paper presents high-sensitivity sensors based on open complementary square split-ring resonator and modified open complementary split-ring resonator operating at 4.5 GHz and 3.4 GHz, respectively. The sensors are designed for the detection of multiple liquid materials, including distilled water, methanol, and ethanol. The liquid under test is filled in a glass container loaded using a pipette. Compared to the conventional...
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Autonomous Control of the Underwater Remotely Operated Vehicle in Collision Situation with Stationary Obstacle
PublikacjaThe article considers the problem of autonomous control of the underwater remotely operated vehicle mini Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV) in a collision situation with a stationary obstacle. The control of the collision avoidance process is presented as a synthesis of fuzzy proportional-differential controllers for the control of distance and orientation concerning the detected stationary obstacle. The control of the submergence...
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Influence of ESPAR antenna radiation patterns shape on PPCC-based DoA estimation accuracy
PublikacjaIn the article, we show the influence of three different electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna radiation patterns on the overall direction of arrival (DoA) estimation accuracy when power-pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) algorithm, relying on received signal strength (RSS) values, is used for the estimation. The ESPAR antenna designs were obtained for three optimization goals, which resulted in different...
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Asynchronous WAM with Irregular Pulse Repetition
PublikacjaRadiolocation systems for aviation based on Multi-Lateration (MLAT) typically use a set of synchronised ground sensors to receive radio signals broadcast by onboard transmitters. In most cases, the sensor synchronisation in Wide Area Multi-Lateration Systems (WAM) is provided by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers. However, in the case of synchronisation failure, there is still a possibility to estimate the coordinates...
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New approaches for improving selectivity and sensitivity of resistive gas sensors: A review
PublikacjaResistive gas sensors are very popular and reliable but suffer from low selectivity and sensitivity. Various methods have been suggested to improve both features without increasing the number of sensors in gas detection systems. Fluctuation enhanced gas sensing was proposed to improve gas detection efficiency by analyzing low-frequency resistance fluctuations, and noise parameters can be more informative than the single DC resistance...
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Scene Segmentation Basing on Color and Depth Images for Kinect Sensor
PublikacjaIn this paper we propose a method for segmenting single images from Kinect sensor by considering both color and depth information. The algorithm is based on a series of edge detection procedures designed for particular features of the scene objects. RGB and HSV color planes are separately analyzed in the first step with Canny edge detector, resulting in overall color edges mask. In depth images both clear boundaries and smooth...
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Audio-visual surveillance system for application in bank operating room
PublikacjaAn audio-visual surveillance system able to detect, classify and to localize acoustic events in a bank operating room is presented. Algorithms for detection and classification of abnormal acoustic events, such as screams or gunshots are introduced. Two types of detectors are employed to detect impulsive sounds and vocal activity. A Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is used to discern between the different classes of acoustic...
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Sensors and Sensor’s Fusion in Autonomous Vehicles
PublikacjaAutonomous vehicle navigation has been at the center of several major developments, both in civilian and defense applications. New technologies such as multisensory data fusion, big data processing, and deep learning are changing the quality of areas of applications, improving the sensors and systems used. New ideas such as 3D radar, 3D sonar, LiDAR, and others are based on autonomous vehicle revolutionary development. The Special...
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RSS-Based DoA Estimation for ESPAR Antennas Using Support Vector Machine
PublikacjaIn this letter, it is shown how direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation for electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antennas, which are designed to be integrated within wireless sensor network nodes, can be improved by applying support vector classification approach to received signal strength (RSS) values recorded at an antenna's output port. The proposed method relies on ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns measured...
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Impact of surface skin temperature change on blood flow characteristics in palm
PublikacjaHeating a human palm during 3 minutes period causes changes in superficial skin temperature and leads to thermoregulation system response. The response time and level of flow characteristics change depend on the subject hand size and health of his vascular tree. A solution of Pennes bioheat propagation model was analyzed in order to see how much heat has to be transferred into the tissue to extort the observable reaction. The reflective...
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The Decisional DNA-Based Smart Bike for Internet of Things
PublikacjaIn this paper, we introduce a novel application of the Internet of Things, the Decisional DNAbased Smart Bike. The Decisional DNA is a domain-independent, flexible and standard knowledge representation structure; it allows its domains to acquire and store experiential knowledge and formal decision events in an explicit way. By using Decisional DNA, the sensor-equipped bicycle is able to learn its user’s weight, riding habits, etc....
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Detection of Face Position and Orientation Using Depth Data
PublikacjaIn this paper an original approach is presented for real-time detection of user's face position and orientation based only on depth channel from a Microsoft Kinect sensor which can be used in facial analysis on scenes with poor lighting conditions where traditional algorithms based on optical channel may have failed. Thus the proposed approach can support, or even replace, algorithms based on optical channel or based on skeleton...
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Detection, classification and localization of acoustic events in the presence of background noise for acoustic surveillance of hazardous situations
PublikacjaEvaluation of sound event detection, classification and localization of hazardous acoustic events in the presence of background noise of different types and changing intensities is presented. The methods for discerning between the events being in focus and the acoustic background are introduced. The classifier, based on a Support Vector Machine algorithm, is described. The set of features and samples used for the training of the...
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Enhancement of fiber-optic low-coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with ZnO ALD films
PublikacjaIn this paper investigation of the enhanced fiber-optic low coherence Fabry-Pérot interferometer with zinc oxide (ZnO) film deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was presented. Model of the interferometer, which was constructed of single-mode optical fiber with applied ZnO ALD films, was built. The interferometer was also examined by means of experiment. Measurements were performed for both reflective and transmission modes,...
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Evaluation of the Electronic Nose Used for Monitoring Environmental Pollution
PublikacjaAir pollution is a one of the major concern of civilized world, which has a significant impact on human health and the environment. Recent studies highlight that the exposure to polluted air can increase the incidence of diseases and deteriorate the quality of life. Hence, it is necessary to develop tools for real-time air quality monitoring. Electronic-nose systems based on sensors are an interesting and promising technology in...
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Counting and tracking vehicles using acoustic vector sensors
PublikacjaA method is presented for counting vehicles and for determining their movement direction by means of acoustic vector sensor application. The assumptions of the method employing spatial distribution of sound intensity determined with the help of an integrated 3D intensity probe are discussed. The intensity probe developed by the authors was used for the experiments. The mode of operation of the algorithm is presented in conjunction...
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PCA based Fault Tolerant MPC
PublikacjaThis chapter presents a Fault Tolerant - Model Predictive Control (FT-MPC) schemes for sensor faults accommodation. A Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI) Unit, which is an integral part of FT-MPC system, is based on the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method. Introduced approach enables efficient bias and drift faults accommodation in single, as well as simultaneous faults case. Simple simulation exercise is presented.Rozdział...
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Software-Defined NB-IoT Uplink Framework - The Design, Implementation and Use Cases
PublikacjaIn the radiocommunication area, we may observe a rapid growth of new technology, such as 5G. Moreover, all the newly introduced radio interfaces, e.g., narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT), are strongly dependent on the software. Hence, the radiocommunication software development and optimization, as well as the 3GPP technical specification, should be introduced at the academic level of education. In this paper, a software-defined...
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The Latest Advances in Wireless Communication in Aviation, Wind Turbines and Bridges
PublikacjaPresent-day technologies used in SHM (Structural Health Monitoring) systems in many implementations are based on wireless sensor networks (WSN). In the context of the continuous development of these systems, the costs of the elements that form the monitoring system are decreasing. In this situation, the challenge is to select the optimal number of sensors and the network architecture, depending on the wireless system’s other parameters...
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Accurate PPCC-Based DoA Estimation Using Multiple Calibration Planes for WSN Nodes Equipped with ESPAR Antennas
PublikacjaIn this paper, we have introduced a new direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation method, which relies on received signal strength (RSS) values measured at the output port of electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna and uses the power pattern cross-correlation (PPCC) estimator. In the method, we have successfully incorporated measurements of ESPAR antenna's radiation patterns performed at multiple calibration...
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Determination of Odour Interactions of Three-Component Gas Mixtures Using an Electronic Nose
PublikacjaThe paper presents an application of an electronic nose prototype comprised of six TGS-type sensors and one PID-type sensor to identify odour interaction phenomena in odorous three-component mixtures. The investigation encompassed eight odorous mixtures—toluene-acetone-triethylamine and formaldehyde-butyric acid-pinene — characterized by different odour intensity and hedonic tone. A principal component regression (PCR) calibration...
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Optical monitoring of electrochemical processes with ITO-based lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor applied as an electrode
PublikacjaIn this work we discuss the application of optical fiber sensors based on lossy-mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon for real-time optical monitoring of electrochemical processes. The sensors were obtained by a reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering of indium tin oxide (ITO) on a 2.5 cm-long core of polymer-clad silica fibers. The LMR effect made monitoring of changes in optical properties of both ITO and its surrounding medium...
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Methodology for the Correction of the Spatial Orientation Angles of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Real Time GNSS, a Shoreline Image and an Electronic Navigational Chart
PublikacjaUndoubtedly, Low-Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming more common in marine applications. Equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) receiver for highly accurate positioning, they perform camera and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) measurements. Unfortunately, these measurements may still be subject to large errors-mainly due to the inaccuracy of measurement of the optical...
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On-line measurement of wood surface smoothness
PublikacjaThe latest progress in the field of optics and microelectronics resulted in development of new generation vision systems capable of scanning surface topography with very high sampling frequencies. The blue color of illuminating light as well as novel systems for controlling ultra-thin laser line thickness allows measurement of the porous surface of wood with a triangulation method. Three alternative sensors were tested here in...
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Ligand-Modified Boron-Doped Diamond Surface: DFT Insights into the Electronic Properties of Biofunctionalization
PublikacjaWith the increasing power of computation systems, theoretical calculations provide a means for quick determination of material properties, laying out a research plan, and lowering material development costs. One of the most common is Density Functional Theory (DFT), which allows us to simulate the structure of chemical molecules or crystals and their interaction. In developing a new generation of biosensors, understanding the nature...
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FIBRE-OPTIC SENSOR FOR SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENT OF THICKNESSAND REFRACTIVE INDEX OF LIQUID LAYERS
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a fibre-optic sensor for simultaneous measurement of refractive index and thickness of liquid layers. We designed an experimental low-coherence setup with two broadband light sources and an extrinsic fibre-optic Fabry–Pérot interferometer acting as the sensing head. We examined how the refractive index of a liquid film and its thickness affect spectrum at the output of a fibre-optic interferometer. We...
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Single-Slope ADC With Embedded Convolution Filter for Global-Shutter CMOS Image Sensors
PublikacjaThis brief presents an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) suitable for acquisition and processing of images in the global-shutter mode at the pixel level. The ADC consists of an analog comparator, a multi-directional shift register for the comparator states, and a 16-bit reversible binary counter with programmable step size. It works in the traditional single-slope mode. The novelty is that during each step of the reference ramp,...
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IDENTIFICATION OF ODOR OF VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS USING CLASSICAL SENSORY ANALYSIS AND ELECTRONIC NOSE TECHNIQUE
PublikacjaThe paper compares two methods of analysis of odour of volatile organic compounds: classical sensory analysis and electronic nose technique. Eight volunteers participated in the classical sensory analysis investigations, which lasted two weeks. An instrumental odour analysis involved a prototype of 6-sensor electronic nose designed by the authors. The research performed with this device provided higher reproducibility and reliability...
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Five-phase induction motor drive with sine-wave filter
PublikacjaThe paper presents closed loop ac drive with 5 phase induction motor operating with voltage source inverter and sine wave filter. The motor supply voltages and currents have sinusoidal shape. For well known adjustable electric drives the field oriented control method with flux and speed co ntrol can be applied. In the presence of output filter both control and estimation algorithms should be modified due to sine wave filter installation....
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Quality Evaluation of Agricultural Distillates Using an Electronic Nose
PublikacjaThe paper presents the application of an electronic nose instrument to fast evaluation of agricultural distillates differing in quality. The investigations were carried out using a prototype of electronic nose equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co., an electronic circuit converting signal into digital form and a set of thermostats able to provide gradient temperature characteristics to a gas mixture. A volatile fraction...
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Laser patterned platform with PEDOT–graphene composite film for NO2 sensing
PublikacjaThis work presents a simple and fully electrochemical route used for fabricating of a NO2 gas sensor made of reduced-graphene-oxide-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) composite film. The sensing platform was fabricated from alumina substrate and equipped with gold interdigitated electrodes and built-in heater.The temperature distribution on the surface of interdigitated electrodes was investigated by a thermalimaging camera and compared...
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Comparison of the Measurement Techniques Employed for Evaluation of Ambient Air Odour Quality Influenced by Operation of Industrial Sewage Treatment Plant
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air quality evaluation with respect to concentration of odorants in a vicinity of a sewage treatment plant of the LOTOS Group S.A. petroleum plant. The investigation was performed during winter season using a prototype of electronic nose and the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type...
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Electronic noses: Powerful tools in meat quality assessment
PublikacjaMain factors that are considered by consumers when choosing meat products are colour and aroma, of which the latter is a more reliable indicator of quality. However, a simple sensory evaluation of hedonistic qualities is often not sufficient to determine whether protein is past its shelf life, and consumption of spoiled meat can lead to serious health hazards. Some volatile compounds can be used as spoilage indicators, and so a...
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Nanolayers in Fiber-Optic Biosensing
PublikacjaIn this chapter, fiber-optic sensors based on nanolayers or thin films and their ability to perform biophotonic measurements is presented. In the last decade, fiber-optic sensors have gained popularity as biosensing devices. This has been made possible because of the design and the integration of new materials in fiber-optic technology. Nanolayers and thin films made from various materials such as nanodiamond (NCD), boron-doped...