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Influence of Antimony Substitution on Spontaneous Strain and Thermodynamic Stability of Lanthanum Orthoniobate
PublikacjaThe analysis of the antimony substitution influence on temperature dependence of unit cell distortion has been done. The values of spontaneous strain and Landau order parameter for three different antimony contents varied had been calculated. The phase transition occurring for antimony substituted lanthanum orthoniobate was found to be second order. The high temperature solution calorimetry method has been used to investigate...
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The influence of thermal conditions on V2O5 nanostructures prepared by sol-gel method
PublikacjaThis work presents the result of structure investigations ofV 2O5 nanorods grown from thin films and powders prepared by sol-gel method. To examine the best temperature of nanorods crystallization, thin films deposited by spin-coating method on quartz glass or silicon substrates and bulk xerogel powders were annealed at various temperatures ranging from 100∘C to 600∘C. The structure of the samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction...
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Formation enthalpies of LaLn׳O3 (Ln׳=Ho, Er, Tm and Yb) interlanthanide perovskites
PublikacjaHigh-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry using 3Na2O·MoO3 at 802 °C was performed for interlanthanide perovskites LaLn׳O3 (Ln׳=Ho, Er, Tm and Yb) and lanthanide oxides (La2O3, Ho2O3, Er2O3, Tm2O3 and Yb2O3). The enthalpies of formation of these interlanthanide perovskites from binary lanthanide oxides at room temperature (25 °C) were determined to be −8.3±3.4 kJ/mol for LaHoO3, −9.9±3.0 kJ/mol for LaErO3, −10.8±2.7 kJ/mol...
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Use of Ginger Nanofibers for the Preparation of Cellulose Nanocomposites and Their Antimicrobial Activities
PublikacjaHere, we report, for the first time, the isolation of ginger nanofibers (GNF) from ginger rhizomes spent by acid hydrolysis and followed by high-pressure homogenization. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized to identify the surface morphology of the GNF and the widths ranged between 130 to 200 nm. Structural analysis of GNF was identified by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray...
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Isolation and characterization of Acid Soluble Collagen from the Skin of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic cod (Gadus morhua)
PublikacjaAcid-soluble collagen (ASC) from the fish skin of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Salmon (Salmo salar) and Baltic cod (Gadus morhua) was extracted and characterized. The ASC extraction yield was 75%, 73% and 68%, respectively. The denaturation and melting temperatures of African catfish ASC (29.3°C and 100.0°C) were significantly higher than ASC of Salmon and Baltic cod (20.6°C and 90.5°C; 15.2°C and 86.7°C, respectively), assessed...
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Thermal degradation kinetics of poly(propylene succinate) prepared with the use of natural origin monomers
PublikacjaLinear biobased polyester polyols were prepared with the use of succinic acid and 1,3-pro- panediol (both with natural origin). Tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (TPT) was used as a catalyst. In order to determine the effect of various synthesis temperature conditions on the thermal degradation kinet- ics, nine sequences of temperature conditions were used during two-step polycondensation reaction. Thermogravimetric analysis was conducted...
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Isothermal Calorimetry and Compressive Strength Tests of Mortar Specimens for Determination of Apparent Activation Energy
PublikacjaThe hydration process of cementitious materials involves a thermally activated reaction that depends on the composition of the mixture and the curing temperature. The main parameter affecting the temperature variation of cast-in-place concrete is the apparent activation energy, which can be used for the efficient prediction of the temperature evolution and maturity index of hardening concrete. This paper discusses two methods to...
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Thermodynamic Studies of Interactions between Sertraline Hydrochloride and Randomly Methylated β-Cyclodextrin Molecules Supported by Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Results
PublikacjaThe interaction between sertraline hydrochloride (SRT) and randomly methylated β-cyclodextrin (RM β CD) molecules have been investigated at 298.15 K under atmospheric pressure. The method used—Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) enabled to determine values of the thermodynamic functions like the enthalpy (DH), the entropy (DS) and the Gibbs free energy (DG) of binding for the examined system. Moreover, the stoichiometry coefficient...
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Solid-State Modification of Poly(butylene terephthalate) with a Bio-Based Fatty Acid Dimer Diol Furnishing Copolyesters with Unique Morphologies
PublikacjaCopolyesters based on poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and a bio-based fatty acid dimer diol (FADD) were prepared by solid-state modification (SSM). The chemical incorporation of the FADD into the backbone of the PBT was proven using various techniques. It was clear that the incorporation rate was diffusion-limited rather than reaction-limited. From quantitative 13C NMR a nonrandom chemical microstructure was obtained at all...
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Cure kinetics of epoxy/MWCNTs nanocomposites: Isothermal calorimetric and rheological analyses
PublikacjaA combinatorial route has been applied in cure kinetics study of epoxy nanocomposites containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) based on differential scanning calorimetry and rheokinetic analyses under isothermal conditions. Pristine and amine-modified MWCNTs bearing primary and secondary amines were used at very low concentrations (0.1 and 0.3 wt.% based on epoxy weight). Model-free and model-fitting methods were applied...
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Structural and luminescence properties of B2O3-Bi2O3-AlF3 glass doped with Eu3+, Tb3+ and Tm3+ ions
PublikacjaThe B2O3-Bi2O3-AlF3 glass system doped with Eu3+, Tb3+, Tm3+ and triply doped with Eu3+/Tm3+/Tb3+ ions in different molar ratios were successfully synthesized. Glass transition and crystallization temperatures were examined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed the amorphous character of the samples. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that the glass matrix...
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Crystallization kinetics study of dynamically vulcanized PA6/NBR/HNTs nanocomposites by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry
PublikacjaInvestigation of crystallization behavior and kinetics of thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites was the subject of limited works because of complexities associated with semiexperimental modeling of such phenomenon in a system containing components having completely different behavior in the molten state. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of dynamically vulcanized PA6/NBR/HNTs thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites was mathematically...
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Improvement of opipramol base solubility by complexation with β-cyclodextrin
PublikacjaOpipramol (OPI), a tricyclic antidepressant and anxiolytic compound, is administered orally in the form of a dihydrochloride. Salt form of the drug has a higher solubility in water and hence bioavailability and stability. A similar effect can be achieved by closing the hydrophobic part of the drug molecule in the cyclodextrin cavity. The paper presents opipramol inclusion complexes with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in 1:1 molar ratio....
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Insights into Compatibilization of Poly(ε-caprolactone)-based Biocomposites with Diisocyanates as Modifiers of Cellulose Fillers
PublikacjaThis study aimed to analyze the impact of cellulose fillers’ modification with diisocyanates on the performance of composites based on the poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) matrix. Four most commonly used diisocyantes (isophorone, hexamethylene, toluene, and methylene diphenyl) were applied as modifiers of cellulose fillers (5 and 15 wt% per mass of filler). Modified fillers were introduced in the amount of 30 wt% into the PCL matrix....
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Reclaimed Rubber/Poly(ε‐caprolactone) Blends: Structure, Mechanical, and Thermal Properties
PublikacjaThe amount of elastomeric waste, especially from tires is constantly increasing on a global scale. The recycling of these residua should be considered a priority. Compounding the waste rubbers with other polymers can be an excellent alternative to reuse waste materials. This procedure requires solving the issue of the lack of compatibility between the waste rubber particles and other polymers. Simultaneously, there is a claim for...
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Prototype design and development of low-load-roof photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems
PublikacjaFour prototypes of lightweight photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems have been designed, developed, manufactured and tested for compliance with relevant IEC standards. Selected, commercially available materials characterized by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation technique were used in frameless, adhesively-bonded sandwich-structures...
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Spectroscopic evaluation on pseudopolymorphs of sodium naproxen
PublikacjaThis paper demonstrates the assessment of vibrational spectroscopy methods such as middle infrared, near infrared and Raman spectroscopy (FTIR, FT-NIR, Raman) for the identification of pseudopolymorphic forms of a model active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) - sodium naproxen (NpxNa). NpxNa, in the form of three different pseudopolymorphs, was investigated by methods dedicated for solid state characterization: DSC (differential...
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Aggregation of imidazoacridinones - spectroscopic and microcalorimetric approach
PublikacjaImidazoacridinones (IA) belong to a group of polycyclic heteroaromatic antitumor compounds. IA create the aggregated form in water solution. Self-association of substances is a very important phenomenon in many fields of applied chemistry. It is also fundamental model reaction of many kinds of molecular interactions such as the micelle formation of amphiphilic substances and the binding of small organic molecules to macromolecules....
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Characterization of volatile compounds, structural, thermal and physico-mechanical properties of cross-linked polyethylene foams degraded thermo-mechanically at variable times
PublikacjaWaste cross-linked polyethylene foam (wXLPE) was thermo-mechanically degraded at variable time using internal batch mixer. The progress of wXLPE degradation has been investigated by using a simultaneous thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry analyzer coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, swelling measurements, tensile tests and scanning electron microscopy. Volatile organic compounds generated during...
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Role of MnO in manganese–borate binary glass systems: a study on structure and thermal properties
PublikacjaStructural and thermal properties of x MnO−(100−x)B2O3 (where x=40, 50 and 60 mol%) glass samples have been investigated with the employment of various techniques. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results revealed the influence of MnO on glass matrix. Decrease of B–O bond-related band intensities has been observed. MnO addition was found to introduce broken [BO2O−]n chains. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements...
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Effect of Acetylation and Beta‐Amylase Treatment on Complexation of Debranched Starch with Naringenin
PublikacjaStarch inclusion complexation has been shown to improve solubility of water insoluble molecules. Potato starch and Hylon VII are acetylated at two levels and then debranched alone or combined with β‐amylase hydrolysis, and its complexes with naringenin are prepared in aqueous conditions and characterized in this study. Both soluble and insoluble complexes are formed with the soluble complex present in the supernatant and the insoluble...
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Thermochemistry of rare earth perovskites Na3xRE0.67−xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce)
PublikacjaHigh-temperature oxide melt solution calorimetry using sodium molybdate (3Na2O·4MoO3) solvent at 973 K was performed for the Na3xRE0.67−xTiO3 (RE = La, Ce) perovskite series. The enthalpies of formation of lanthanum perovskites from oxides (La2O3, Na2O, TiO2), are −107.25 ± 2.56, −93.83 ± 6.06, −80.68 ± 5.93, and −33.49 ± 4.26 kJ/mol and enthalpies of formation from elements are −1614.05 ± 5.37, −1596.44 ± 7.68, −1594.03 ± 7.58,...
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Assessment of the impact of bacteria Pseudomonas denitrificans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica on commercial poly(ether urethanes)
PublikacjaThe assessment of the impact of the bacteria Pseudomonas denitrificans, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus subtilis and yeast Yarrowia lipolytica on commercial poly(ether urethanes) Tecoflex® and Tecothane® is presented. The polyurethane samples were incubated with pure cultures of the microorganisms at 30 °C for five months. The changes in the chemical structure of the polymers were evaluated using loss of weight and contact angle...
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Properties of Different Varieties of Durian
PublikacjaDurian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), like many other exotic, tropical, and conventional fruits, is important in the prevention of different diseases. In this study, the characterization of the main bioactive compounds of the most popular cultivars of durian and their properties are described. The changes in the quality indices of the antioxidant status were determined by CUPRAC, ABTS, FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC assays. The profiling of phytochemicals...
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Structure analysis and thermal degradation characteristics of bio-based poly(propylene succinate)s obtained by using different catalyst amounts
PublikacjaLinear bio-based polyester polyols were prepared with the use of succinic acid and 1.3-propanediol (both with natural origin). As a catalyst was used tetraisopropyl orthotitanate (TPT). In order to determine the effect of various catalyst content on the thermal degradation characteristics, three different TPT amounts, as a 1.3-propanediol equivalent, were used, namely 0.1 mass% (PPS-0.1), 0.2 mass% (PPS-0.2) and 0.25 mass% (PPS-0.25)....
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Electronic and ionic relaxations in strontium-borate glass and glass-ceramics containing bismuth and vanadium oxides
PublikacjaThe topography, microstructure and electrical properties of strontium-borate glass and SBO glass containing bismuth and vanadium oxides, were studied. The structure was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The A.C. complex conductivity was investigated as a function of temperature and frequency. The influence of the quantity of bismuth...
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A green route for high-performance bio-based polyurethanes synthesized from modified bio-based isocyanates
PublikacjaThe need for sustainability and a circular economy leads to the development of innovative greener materials and technologies. This paper is focused on a novel class of bio-based polyurethanes (PUs) synthesized with the use of bio-monomers including bio-based isocyanates. The novelty of this work is related to the usage of bio-based modified isocyanate via a two-step solvent-free synthesis of novel cast bio-based poly(ester-urethanes)...
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Thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties of Fe2O3–PbO–SiO2 glass prepared by traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling methods
PublikacjaIn this study, Fe–Pb–Si oxide glasses containing between 12.5 and 17.5 mol% Fe2O3 were prepared using two different methods comprising traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling techniques. The topography and structure of the materials obtained were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All of the materials were found to be amorphous. The topography of most of the glasses comprised...
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Copolymerization of Styrene and Pentadecylphenylmethacrylate (PDPMA): Synthesis, Characterization, Thermomechanical and Adhesion Properties
PublikacjaThe copolymerization of styrene (St) with a bioderived monomer, pentadecylphenylmethacrylate (PDPMA), via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) was studied in this work.The copolymerization reactivity ratio was calculated using the composition data obtained from1HNMR spectroscopy, applying Kelen-Tudos and Finemann-Ross methods. The reactivity ratio of styrene (r1=0.93) and PDPMA (r2=0.05) suggested random copolymerization...
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Cast polyurethanes obtained from reactive recovered polyol intermediates via crude glycerine decomposition process
PublikacjaIn this work, the possibility of applying intermediates from polyurethane waste recycling in polyurethane synthesis was presented. Polyurethanes were synthesised in a two-step method using a mixture of petrochemical polyol and glycerolysate, used as a reactive component, 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and 1,4-buthanediol (BD). Glycerolysates were produced during decomposition of polyurethane elastomer by crude glycerine...
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Thermodynamic Characteristics of Phenacetin in Solid State and Saturated Solutions in Several Neat and Binary Solvents
PublikacjaThe thermodynamic properties of phenacetin in solid state and in saturated conditions in neat and binary solvents were characterized based on differential scanning calorimetry and spectroscopic solubility measurements. The temperature-related heat capacity values measured for both the solid and melt states were provided and used for precise determination of the values for ideal solubility, fusion thermodynamic functions, and...
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Synthesis and characterization of novel renewable polyesters based on 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and 2,3-butanediol
PublikacjaNovel polyesters from 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid or 2,5-dimethyl-furandicarboxylate and 2,3-butanediol have been synthesized via bulk polycondensation catalyzed by titanium (IV) n-butoxide, tin (IV) ethylhexanoate, or zirconium (IV) butoxide. The polymers were analyzed by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), matrix-assisted laser ionization-desorption...
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Cure Index demonstrates curing of epoxy composites containing silica nanoparticles of variable morphology and porosity
PublikacjaAn image was taken by Cure Index on curability of epoxy with silica nanoparticles having variable morphology and porosity. Three kinds of silica nanoparticles with non-porous curved-rod, non-porous spherical, and mesoporous spherical microstructures were synthesized and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyses. Epoxy nanocomposites containing...
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Deep Eutectic Solvents or Eutectic Mixtures? Characterization of Tetrabutylammonium Bromide and Nonanoic Acid Mixtures
PublikacjaDeep eutectic solvents have quickly attracted the attention of researchers because they better meet the requirements of green chemistry and thus have the potential to replace conventional hazardous organic solvents in some areas. To better understand the nature of these mixtures, as well as expand the possibilities of their use in different industries, a detailed examination of their physical properties, such as density, viscosity,...
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Microscopic and Spectroscopic Imaging and Thermal Analysis of Acrylates, Silicones and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Adhesive Transdermal Patches
PublikacjaDermal or transdermal patches are increasingly becoming a noteworthy alternative ascarriers for active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), which makes their detailed physicochemical evaluation essential for pharmaceutical development. This paper demonstrates mid-infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy with complementary microscopic methods (SEM, optical and confocal Raman microscopy) and differential scanning calorimetry...
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Synthesis and characterisation of polyurethane elastomers with semi-products obtained from polyurethane recycling
PublikacjaIn this work polyurethane elastomers were synthesised by using different mixtures of a petrochemical and glycerolysate polyols and 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI). Glycerolysate polyol was produced from polyurethane foam decomposition using crude glycerine as a decomposition agent. The structure and thermal properties of obtained semi-product were similar to the polyol used in the synthesis of original foam. Glycerolysate...
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Weldability of pipe grade polyethylenes as realized from thermal and mechanical properties assessments
PublikacjaSince polyethylene (PE) has been widely accepted for the production of high-pressure fluid conveying pipelines, studies devoted to weldability of PE connections were always of major importance. In this study, two industrial PE grades designed for pipe production, namely PE80 and PE100, were injection molded, cut, and then welded as PE100-PE100, PE100-PE80, and PE80-PE80. The heat-welded joints were assessed by differential scanning...
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Chemical Structure and Thermal Properties versus Accelerated Aging of Bio-Based Poly(ether-urethanes) with Modified Hard Segments
PublikacjaAging of polymers is a natural process that occurs during their usage and storage. Predicting the lifetime of polymers is a crucial aspect that should be considered at the design stage. In this paper, a series of bio-based thermoplastic poly(ether-urethane) elastomers (bio-TPUs) with modified hard segments were synthesized and investigated to understand the structural and property changes triggered by accelerated aging. The bio-TPUs...
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Curing epoxy resin with anhydride in the presence of halloysite nanotubes: the contradictory effects of filler concentration
PublikacjaEpoxy resins can be cured with a wide variety of curing agents such as amines and anhydrides, but anhydride curing would be more favorable for research purpose because of epoxy-anhydride curing taking place slowly at room temperature. Incorporation of natural nanosized minerals into epoxy is of environmental importance. Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) display chemical properties similar to those of silica and alumina, and hydroxyl...
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From Structure to Luminescent Properties of B2O3-Bi2O3-SrF2 Glass and Glass-Ceramics Doped with Eu3+ Ions
PublikacjaGlass-ceramics with the composition B2O3 -Bi2O3 -SrF2 were synthesized by the conventional melt-quenching technique and subsequent crystallization of the parental glasses. The temperature at which the ceramization was carried out was selected based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The structure of the studied materials and the formation of SrF2 nanocrystals were confirmed by the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy...
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Curing epoxy with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) surface-functionalized Co Fe3-O4 magnetic nanoparticles
PublikacjaIn this work, the bulk and surface composition of Fe3O4 supermagnetic nanoparticles were modified for efficient epoxy curing. The bare, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) capped, and cobalt (Co)-doped EDTA capped Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized electrochemically. The crystalline structure and phase information, surface capping, morphology and magnetization behavior of nanoparticles were studied by X-Ray diffraction (XRD),...
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Diamine derivatives of dimerized fatty acids and bio-based polyether polyol as sustainable platforms for the synthesis of non-isocyanate polyurethanes
PublikacjaA series of environmentally friendly non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) were successfully prepared via the polyaddition reaction of bio-based polyether polyol-based cyclic carbonate with diamine derivative of dimerized fatty acids. The syntheses of NIPUs were realized by the three-step method in the absence of toxic solvents and, importantly, the process of carbonation did not require the use of elevated pressure. The effect...
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Thermal Transitions and Structural Characteristics of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/cucurbit[7]uril) Polypseudorotaxane and Polyrotaxane Thin Films
PublikacjaHerein, we report the thermal transitions and structural properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/cucurbit[7]uril) pseudopolyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PS) and polyrotaxane (PEDOT∙CB7-PR) thin films compared with those of pristine PEDOT. The structural characteristics were investigated by using variable-temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force...
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Preparation and Characterization of Indomethacin Supramolecular Systems with β-Cyclodextrin in Order to Estimate Photostability Improvement
PublikacjaCyclodextrins have found wide application in contemporary chemistry, pharmacy andmedicine. Because of their unique properties, cyclodextrins are constantly used in research on solubility or stability improvement, as well as other physicochemical properties of medicinal substances. Indomethacin (IND) is a photolabile molecule that also attracts the interest of researchers due to its therapeutic potential and the need to...
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Effect of alkyl sulfate on the phase behavior of microemulsions stabilized with monoacylglycerols
PublikacjaIn this study the effect of an anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate SDS) and oils (hydrocarbons: C12-C16) on the formation and phase behavior of the systems of oil/monoacylglycerols (MAG):SDS/propylene glycol/water has been investigated. The effects of the surfactant mixture on the phase behavior and the concentrationof water or oil in the systems were studied at three temperatures (50, 55, 60 C). Electrical conductivity...
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The influence of reactions conditions on aggregation of dyes used in biochemistry
PublikacjaSelf-association of dyes and related substances is a very important phenomenon in many fields of applied chemistry. It is also fundamental model reaction of many kinds of molecular interactions such as the micelle formation of amphiphilic substances and the binding of small organic molecules to macromolecules. In spite of many studies concerning the dimerization equilibria of dyes and related substances, the mechanism seems not...
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Biowaste chicken eggshell powder as a potential cure modifier for epoxy/anhydride systems: competitiveness with terpolymer-modified calcium carbonate at low loading levels
PublikacjaBiowaste chicken eggshell (ES) powder was applied as a potential cure modifier in epoxy/anhydride systems. Cure behaviour and kinetics of composites filled with very low content (0.1 wt% based on epoxy resin) of ES, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and terpolymer-modified fillers, mES and mCaCO3, were discussed comparatively. Surface analysis was performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Cure kinetics was investigated by differential...
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Interrelationship between total volatile organic compounds emissions, structure and properties of natural rubber/polycaprolactone bio-blends cross-linked with peroxides
PublikacjaNatural rubber/polycaprolactone (NR/PCL) bio-based blends with different organic peroxides were prepared using an internal batch mixer and subsequently cross-linked at 170°C. Two types of commonly used organic peroxides, dicumyl peroxide and di(tert-butylperoxyisopropyl)benzene peroxide, were applied as free-radical initiator. Cross-linking efficiency of NR/PCL blends were investigated using oscillating disc rheometer measurements,...
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Semicrystalline Polyesters Based on a Novel Renewable Building Block
PublikacjaIsohexides, like e.g. isosorbide, are well-known carbohydrate-based rigid diols which are capable of dramatically increasing the glass transition temperature of polyesters. However, their relatively low reactivity has thus far hampered large-scale industrial applications in the polymer field. Recently, with the aim to increase reactivity while at the same time retain rigidity, we have developed a new isoidide dicarboxylic acid...
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The emissions of monoaromatic hydrocarbons from small polymeric toys placed in chocolate food products
PublikacjaThe article presents findings on the emissions of selected monoaromatic hydrocarbons from children's toys placed in chocolate food products. The emission test system involved the application of a new type of microscale stationary emission chamber, μ-CTE™ 250. In order to determine the type of the applied polymer in the manufacture of the tested toys, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis coupled...