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Mobile wireless measurement system for potatoes storage management
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the idea and the design of a remote control system for a storage management of agricultural products which temperature may rise in a result of biological processes during the storage. Exemplary potatoes storehouse is discussed as an application of the automation system. Because of existing buildings and infrastructure in the farm, wireless data transfer system has been proposed for both sensors to data acquisition...
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Drewno w adoptowanym zabytku - studium przypadku. Budynek nr 2 w dawnych koszarach garnizonu we Wrzeszczu
PublikacjaThe current structure along with adapted listed buildings and surroundings will create "Garrison of Culture".This part of Gdańsk and Wrzeszcz has been reconnected after eight decades of isolation from the city by joining the square area formed by Grunwaldzka, Słowackiego, Chrzanowskiego, Szymanowskiego streets and the city center. It is a project whitch fits into an aspect of revitalisation related to the socio-economic and environmental...
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Sustainable urban planning in the context of studentification of the inner city areas
PublikacjaThe social dimension of urban planning as well as the importance of local communities and civic participation are often underlined in contemporary urban renewal and revitalisation programmes based on the principles of sustainable development. British Urban Renaissance is one the most far-reaching and widely discussed urban regeneration strategies which aims at repopulation and social diversification of inner city areas and land...
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Various cases of preservation and adaptive reuse Heritage Buildings in the Port of Gdynia
PublikacjaThe port of Gdynia contains a diverse range of heritage assets, starting with its spatial layout which is an urban concept designed in the first half of the 1920s. It is important to point out, this historically-shaped harbor space is preserved in its general idea and still functioning in port activities. Another significant element is the structural, technological solution which was the basis for constructing the entire port area...
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Evaluation of fire hazard in electrical installations due to unfavorable ambient thermal conditions
PublikacjaEvaluation of fire hazard caused by electrical installations is a difficult and important topic, and it limits the possibility of loss of life or health of people, as well as the occurrence of significant property damage. In particular, this hazard was caused by power cables and especially photovoltaic (PV) installations. The authors proved that power cables directly exposed to strong solar radiation are likely to exceed maximum...
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Prototype design and development of low-load-roof photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems
PublikacjaFour prototypes of lightweight photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems have been designed, developed, manufactured and tested for compliance with relevant IEC standards. Selected, commercially available materials characterized by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation technique were used in frameless, adhesively-bonded sandwich-structures...
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Media architecture: participation through the senses
PublikacjaPervasive media and interactive technologies have become inseparable not only from our everyday life but also from architecture and city spaces. However, the generic use of new technologies in the design process and material production that affects contemporary architecture, results in buildings that become mere visual objects losing their hapticity and non-visual qualities. Despite the substantial advancement in the research studies...
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Comparison of 3D Point Cloud Completion Networks for High Altitude Lidar Scans of Buildings
PublikacjaHigh altitude lidar scans allow for rapid acquisition of big spatial data representing entire city blocks. Unfortunately, the raw point clouds acquired by this method are largely incomplete due to object occlusions and restrictions in scanning angles and sensor resolution, which can negatively affect the obtained results. In recent years, many new solutions for 3D point cloud completion have been created and tested on various objects;...
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INTRODUCING GREENERY INTO A BUILDING BASED ON ITS IMPACT ON HUMAN WELLBEING - REVIEW OF THEORIES AND METHODS IN ARCHITECTURE
PublikacjaGreenery around and within buildings is an integral part of architectural space. Although science is providing more and more knowledge about the impact of greenery on human well-being, there is still a lack of guidelines on how to apply this knowledge in architectural design. The purpose of this review article is to prepare the ground for further research on how to support architectural design in integrating greenery as a co-creative...
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Settlement of a historic building due to seepage-induced soil deformation
PublikacjaThe research paper reviews issues associated with the impact of groundwater flow on soil characteristics and parameters, hence, the entire structure of a building set on it. Water seepage through the ground, building subsoil or structural elements of buildings made of soil affects the soil skeleton and may lead to changes in the arrangement of individual grains relative to each other, i.e., a modified soil structure. Soil solid...
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Employing flowgraphs for forward route reconstruction in video surveillance system
PublikacjaPawlak’s flowgraphs were utilized as a base idea and knowledge container for prediction and decision making algorithms applied to experimental video surveillance system. The system is used for tracking people inside buildings in order to obtain information about their appearance and movement. The fields of view of the cameras did not overlap. Therefore, when an object was moving through unsupervised areas, prediction was needed...
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Phase change thermal energy storage – the experience of the materials preparation for the specific applications.
PublikacjaThermal energy storage and temperature stabilization is very important in many engineering applications. There are three kinds of thermal energy storage: sensible heat, latent heat and reversible chemical reaction heat. Phase change materials (PCM) absorb, store and release large amounts of energy in the form of latent heat, at constant temperature, called the transition temperature. Many innovative applications could be found...
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Experimental determination of basic mechanical properties of elastomeric polymer
PublikacjaThere are a lot of different methods of repairing and reinforcing damaged structures, but when it comes to historical buildings and other cultural heritage objects, it is as much about mechanical safety as the aesthetical aspects. Recently, a new and innovative method of repairing damaged structures by filling the cracks with a specially prepared polymer mass has been proposed. This new and innovative technique, known as the Flexible...
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Multidecadal (1960-2011) shoreline changes in Isbjornhamna (Hornsund, Svalbard)
PublikacjaAsection of a gravel−dominated coast in Isbjørnhamna (Hornsund, Svalbard) was analysed to calculate the rate of shoreline changes and explain processes controlling coastal zone development over last 50 years. Between 1960 and 2011, coastal landscape of Isbjørn− hamna experienced a significant shift from dominated by influence of tide−water glacier and protected by prolonged sea−ice conditions towards storm−affected and rapidly...
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How to fund an additional secular function in the monumental church?
PublikacjaThe implementation of a new public function into the non-used church spaces like attics or cellars in context of revitalizing a lawfully protected historical city areas have diversified aspects. The article describes the financial aspect of adaptation of omitted spaces of monumental sacral buildings by presenting funding possibilities in the European Union countries available in period of 2017-2018 and the funds planned for the...
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SMART AND RESILIENT CITIES – NEW CHALLENGES FOR POLISH CITIES IN TERMS OF 2020 BUILDING ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND CLIMATE CHANGE ACTION.
PublikacjaGlobal climate change action along with energy efficiency optimizations are becoming increasingly pressing principles in terms of moving towards sustainable development. As a member of EU and UN Poland is also obliged to follow restricted rules concerning energy efficiency of buildings which come to force in 2020. To meet new goals, innovative approaches - like moving towards smart and resilient cities -may be required. Through...
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THE ARCHITECTURE OF DAYLIGHT IN THE DISCOURSE ABOUT THE AESTHETICS OF SUSTAINABILITY
PublikacjaThe need to create ecological and energy efficient architecture is evident today. In the contemporary discourse on architecture more and more attention is dedicated to the aesthetics that expresses the idea of sustainability. The article is a voice in this debate, concentrating on the architecture that features daylight. Solar light comes from the natural environment and brings some substantial benefits for the architectural space,...
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Utilization of a Non-Linear Error Function in a Positioning Algorithm for Distance Measurement Systems Designed for Indoor Environments
PublikacjaA new positioning algorithm for distance measurement systems is outlined herein. This algorithm utilizes a non-linear error function which allows us to improve the positioning accuracy in highly difficult indoor environments. The non-linear error function also allows us to adjust the performance of the algorithm to the particular environmental conditions. The well-known positioning algorithms have limitations, mentioned by their...
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Is the Concept of Zero Waste Possible to Implement in Construction?
PublikacjaThe scientifically treated problem of reusing building materials appeared in the literature more than 50 years ago. This paper includes an analysis of the characteristics of recycled building materials, which is a prerequisite for rational recycling. The analysis and simulation of building stocks at different scales has led to the conclusion that the most important link in the transformation of the construction industry towards...
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An Empirical Propagation Model for Corridors in Office Buildings
PublikacjaThis paper presents an empirical propagation path loss model for corridors in office buildings. The proposed model estimates changeable character of radio signal attenuation, based on a special approach as a combination of the simple free-space model with the author’s model. The measurement stand and measurement scenario are described. The propagation path loss research have been made in corridor for different frequencies in range...
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Closing the gap – the opportunity for sustainability and smart transition in the Central and East Europe countries
PublikacjaFor almost half a century the countries of CEE were part of- or were remaining under the influence of- the Soviet Union what caused gaping difference in the starting line towards sustainability. Here the prefabricated concrete blocks of flats were being built at the scale unseen in the western countries. Those buildings, approximately a quarter of the residential market, are in a structurally sound condition to last another five...
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An approach for the response of buildings subjected to impact load after soft-story failure due to earthquake excitation
Publikacjahe soft-story failure is one of the most typical types of damage observed in buildings during earthquakes. The failure of an intermediate soft story of a structure results in large impact loading acting on the lower floors due to the fall of the upper stories. The aim of the present paper is to study the behavior of the structural members exposed to such extreme load conditions occurring under ground motion excitation. Special...
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Earthquake-Induced Structural Pounding
PublikacjaEarthquake-induced structural pounding between insufficiently separated build-ings, or bridge segments, has been repeatedly observed during ground motions. The reports after earthquakes indicate that it may lead to some local damage in the case of moderate seismic events or may result in considerable destruction or even collapse of colliding structures during severe ground motions. Pounding in build-ings is usually caused by the...
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Numerical study on pounding between two adjacent buildings under earthquake excitation
PublikacjaSeismic excitation, which results in large horizontal relative displacements, may cause collisions between two adjacent structures due to insufficient separation distance between them. Such collisions, known as earthquake-induced structural pounding, may induce severe damages. In this paper, the case of pounding between two adjacent buildings is studied by the application of single degree-of-freedom structural models. Impact is...
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Borrowing Images of Empire. The contribution of research on the artistic influence of the Holy Roman Empire on Polish Romanesque architecture in the eleventh and twelfth centuries
PublikacjaAlthough knowledge concerning Romanesque architecture in Poland has developed over many years, most cathedrals and ducal or royal seats have not been comprehensively examined. Moreover, a substantial number of contemporary scholarly works have erased the thin line between material evidence and its interpretation. As a consequence, the architectural remains of Polish Romanesque edifices are often considered the basis for wider comparative...
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Analysis of Transparent Concrete as an Innovative Material Used in Civil Engineering
PublikacjaSince the dawn of history concrete has been, right behind stone and brick, one of the oldest building materials. The ancient Romans took advantage of its opportunities. They constructed amazing architectural objects, which survived centuries as whole buildings or parts of them. Concrete is so ubiquitous, that when we are walking in a newer districts of cities we are virtually surrounded by concrete from everywhere. Sometimes...
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THE FUNCTION OF GREENERY IN A SKYSCRAPER: THE PLACEMENT AND ITS INFLUENCE
PublikacjaThe contrast between the high rise buildings; with their mostly geometric shapes, and the organic form of the greenery was visible even in the idea of a skyscraper. Yet the realizations and recent projects show emerging interest and the link between them. To better understand the developing function of the greenery in the context of a skyscraper, both literature and case studies are conducted. The aim is to relate the location...
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The Effect of Openings’ Size and Location on Selected Dynamical Properties of Typical Wood Frame Walls
PublikacjaThe wooden frame constructions are now popular in many developed countries of the world. Many of these locations where such buildings are constructed are exposed to seismic and other shocks which are generated by human activities. This paper discusses the effect of the size and location of openings in the wooden frame walls under dynamic loadings. Natural frequencies of such frames with and without openings have been determined....
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Heat recovery from the hybrid photovoltaic tile – experimental studies with the solar light simulator
PublikacjaConsidering the current development of micro-cogeneration energy sources, supported by the national prosumer policy and the act on the renewable energy sources, there is a great demand for the effective solar technologies. In this area, the photovoltaic cells with a combined conversion of the solar radiation energy into the electrical and thermal energy (PV/T cells) seem to be attractive. They are already widely available and treated...
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Mitigating the Energy Consumption and the Carbon Emission in the Building Structures by Optimization of the Construction Processes
PublikacjaFor decades, among other industries, the construction sector has accounted for high energy consumption and emissions. As the energy crisis and climate change have become a growing concern, mitigating energy usage is a significant issue. The operational and end of life phases are all included in the building life cycle stages. Although the operation stage accounts for more energy consumption with higher carbon emissions, the...
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Empirical Relationship Describing Total Convective and Radiative Heat Loss in Buildings
PublikacjaOn the basis of theoretical considerations of convective-radiative heat transfer, a relationship was developed enabling the total convective and radiative heat flux QC+R emitted from any object at tw and its surroundings at t∞ to be calculated from known values of the surface temperature of such an object, i.e., the known temperature difference Δt=tw - t∞ and average air temperature Tav. This relationship is applied to thermal...
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Data Integration from GPS and Inertial Navigation Systems for Pedestrians in Urban Area
PublikacjaThe GPS system is widely used in navigation and the GPS receiver can offer long-term stable absolute positioning information. The overall system performance depends largely on the signal environments. The position obtained from GPS is often degraded due to obstruction and multipath effect caused by buildings, city infrastructure and vegetation, whereas, the current performance achieved by inertial navigation systems (INS) is still...
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Transformation of the countryside into an open-air museum as a way to rescure its spatial layout and to improve the quality of live = Przekształcenie wsi w muzeum na wolnym powietrzu jako sposób ratowania jej układu przestrzennego i poprawy jakości życia mieszkańców
PublikacjaSince the first open-air museums until today, the exposition subject-matter has been specialized (ethnographic, archeological, industrial and technical skansens). But idea of the existence of such objects remains unchanged. Still, the goal is to show the collection of wooden buildings in the environment as close to their origin as possible or in the home environment. These distinguish the skansens and make them different then municipal...
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NEW SOLUTIONS FOR THE SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLERS DESIGN FOR OBTAINING TRUE MPP IN PARTLY SHADED PV MODULES
PublikacjaSoft shading sources such as tree limbs, structural elements of buildings and chimneys, scatter and refract sunlight, significantly reducing the amount of radiation reaching the surface of the module. The hard shadings located directly on the surface (i.e. bird droppings, leaves, snow) tend to stop sunlight completely. These phenomena significantly affects the output characteristics of photovoltaic modules and often contribute...
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THE PROBLEM OF AIRFLOW AROUND BUILDINGS CLUSTERS IN DIFFERENT CONFIGURATIONS
PublikacjaIn the paper, the authors discuss the construction of a model of an exemplary urban layout. Numerical simulation has been performed by means of a commercial software Fluent using two different turbulence models: the popular k-ε realizable one, and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM), which is still being developed. The former is a 2-equations model, while the latter – is a RSM model – that consists of 7 equations. The studies have...
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GIS three-dimensional Modelling with geo-informatics techniques
PublikacjaThe integration issue of virtual models and geo-referenced database have a very broad spectrum of potential applications. Before the integration issue was on the cusp, it was quite problematic to combine three-dimensional models with the geo-referenced database. An integrated database contains a variety of data including such as object orientated data model and raster data. Within this paper, authors present an integration process...
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Corrugated Sheeting as a Member of a Shear Panel Under Repeated Load—Experimental Test
PublikacjaIn stressed-skin design, the cladding stiffening effect on structures is taken into account. However, the “traditional” design is more usual, wherein this effect is neglected. Even if the diaphragm actions are not regarded, in particular cases such as big sheds (and others), the parasitic (unwanted) stressed-skin action may occur with the result of leakage or even failure. The structures of this kind have already been built. Thus,...
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Grid-Forming Operation of Energy-Router Based on Model Predictive Control with Improved Dynamic Performance
PublikacjaThe focus of this study is on the grid-forming operation of the Energy Router (ER) based on Model Predictive Control (MPC). ER is regarded as a key component of microgrids. It is a converter that interfaces the microgrid (s) with the utility grid. The ER has a multiport structure and bidirectional energy flow control. The ER concept can be implemented in Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEB) to provide flexible energy control. A...
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Vernacular and low-tech technologies in humanitarian architecture on the example of Senegal
PublikacjaHumanitarian architecture belongs to the broader trend of socially engaged architecture, whose main goal is to introduce new values to the quality of life of particular communities. Specifically, humanitarian architecture deals with aid to poverty-stricken communities. The context of economic constraints poses a particular challenge to architects and builders. It is a matter of natural necessity to look for cheap, locally available...
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Thermal properties of a cement composite containing phase change materials (PCMs) with post-pyrolytic char obtained from spent tyres as a carrier
PublikacjaThis work examines the possible use of post-pyrolysis char made from spent vehicle tyres as a carrier for phase change materials (PCM), which could be used as an additive to cement mortar. Because of the ability of PCM to accumulate heat, the cement composite obtained from it, apart from its structural and strength properties, will acquire an additional energy storage function, which can be very important for energy-saving construction. In...
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Designing with Green and Blue – Climate Adaption Proposals for Lowland Areas of Gdańsk
PublikacjaThe paper gives insight into issues explored within the framework of the SOS Climate Waterfront workshop that took place in Gdańsk in June 2019. The aim of the study was to propose solutions that will decrease the number of flooding events and span the gap between flood prevention strategies and the provision of other benefits such as ecological, urban, cultural and social. Historical cartography enquiries and research by the design...
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Experimental Study on Dynamics of Wooden House Wall Panels with Different Thermal Isolation
PublikacjaWood frame buildings are very popular in regions that are exposed to different dynamic excitations including earthquakes. Therefore, their seismic resistance is really important in order to prevent structural damages and human losses. The aim of the present paper is to show the results of experimental tests focused on the dynamic response of wall panels of a wooden frame building with thermal isolation made of mineral wool and...
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A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN 3D PRINTING FOR CONSTRUCTION: CURRENT STATE, BENEFITS, LIMITATIONS, AND FUTURE OUTLOOK
PublikacjaThe agenda of Industry 4.0 strongly affects design and construction at all its phases, and three-Dimensional Printing (3DP) is an essential part of it. The emerging technology has the potential to become a more valid and accepted form of construction. This research is based on a literature review regarding the relationships between the concepts of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and energy efficiency for 3DP in construction research...
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Determining an Architectural Character for Durban Residential Streetscapes
PublikacjaIn the current global context and in consideration of the Sustainable Development Goals, there is a strong need for urban densification. However, this development is also driven by processes linked to the idea of capitalism and 'economic growth'. Such development often leads to the loss of the 'genius loci' of a place and sometimes even overlooks the fact that the quality of the built environment greatly influences the health and...
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Problematyka konstrukcyjna zabytkowego obiektu przywracanego do użytkowania na przykładzie kamienicy przy ul. Staromiejskiej w Olsztynie = Structural aspects in restoring historical buildings for re-use: the case of a tenement building on Staromiejska Street in Olsztyn
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the issue of introducing structural changes into a historical building referring to the example of conservation work carried out in the tenement house at 6 Staromiejska in Olsztyn. Building work involved a general renovation. The paper reviews actions carried out in the restoration work, including strengthening and deepening of the foundations, introducing a post and beam system, and putting...
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Powojenny rozdział w historii architektury i zagospodarowania portu gdyńskiego
PublikacjaThe port of Gdynia, considered one of the largest civil construction projects of the 20th century in Europe, was built at an express pace for only a dozen or so years from the mid-1920s to the end of the 1930s. Unusual solutions from the construction period in the port engineering category, as well as outstanding architectural works The industrial area quickly became architectural symbols of economic growth and the general rebirth...
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Protection and renovation of public areas in a modernist city: the case of three streets in the historic City Centre of Gdynia
PublikacjaThis article concerns issues related to the preservation and restoration of public space in Gdynia’s city centre, which was designed and built mainly in the 1920s and 1930s. In 2007, a major part of the city centre was entered into the register of monuments asa historic complex of urban architecture. Moreover, in 2015, the area was declared a Monument of History. Protection of a complex of urban architecture covers not only the...
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Modernization and adaptation of historical interiors
PublikacjaModernization of the historical building's interior entails the need to take many decisions, often conflicting. Operational requirements, protection of the architectural heritage, fire-safety recommendations, construction regulations, all these aspects involve a whole set of problems that require a rational solution, respecting ambient architectural and historical value, as well as the needs arising from the planned transformation....
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The Proposal to “Snapshot” Raim Method for Gnss Vessel Receivers Working in Poor Space Segment Geometry
PublikacjaNowadays, we can observe an increase in research on the use of small unmanned autonomous vessel (SUAV) to patrol and guiding critical areas including harbours. The proposal to “snapshot” RAIM (Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring) method for GNSS receivers mounted on SUAV operating in poor space segment geometry is presented in the paper. Existing “snapshot” RAIM methods and algorithms which are used in practical applications...
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Improvement of glass break acoustic signal detection via application of wavelet packet decomposition
PublikacjaThe main subject of the authors' research are non-contact methods of glass break detection based on analysis of the acoustic signal generated during the event. This problem has essential meaning for modern cost- effective alarm systems, particularly those installed into big buildings. The main difficulties of the matter are: transient character of the signal, great number of similar sounds (false signals, mainly accidental glass...