Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: functional materials
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Spatial Evolution of the European Container Ports’ System in Perspective of the Location Theory
PublikacjaThe maritime container terminal is nowadays a spatially incoherent object. From the functional point of view it ends, where their most external components are located. The process of location splitting of container terminals is a new phase of their discrete growth. The external container facilities are being built to improve effectivness of the logistic chain in the hinterland. The new components of container terminals have very...
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INTEGRATED FUNCTIONAL SAFETY AND CYBERSECURITY ANALYSIS METHOD FOR SMART MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
PublikacjaThis article addresses integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis with regard to: the generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 and the cyber security standard IEC 62443 concerning an industrial automation and control system (IACS). The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of information technology (IT) and operational technology (OT) systems, and reduce relevant risks taking into account a set of fundamental...
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Determination of Hydroxy Groups in the Modified Epoxy Oligomers Using IR-Spectroscopy
PublikacjaThe use of IR-spectroscopy has been proposed to determine the content of hydroxy groups in the modified functional oligomers based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether. Apart from hydroxy groups the investigated oligomers contain epoxy or peroxy, carboxy or acrylic groups.
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Procedure based functional safety and information security management of industrial automation and control systems on example of the oil port installations
PublikacjaThe approach addresses selected technical and organization aspects of risk mitigation in the oil port installations with regard to functional safety and security requirements specified in standards IEC 61508, IEC 61511 and IEC 62443. The procedure for functional safety management includes the hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of...
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Functional safety with cybersecurity for the control and protection systems on example of the oil port infrastructure
PublikacjaSafety and cybersecurity aspects consist of two different group of functional requirements for the industrial control and protection systems in the oil port installation. It is the main reason why the analyses of safety and cybersecurity shouldn’t be integrated directly. These article presented some important issues of the functional safety analysis with regard to cybersecurity aspects in the oil seaport infrastructure. The proposed...
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A spectroscopic study of the cis/trans-isomers of penta-2,4-dienoic acid attached to gold nanoclusters
PublikacjaIn this theoretical work, we present a spectroscopic analysis of the cis/trans-isomers of a molecular switch, penta-2,4-dienoic acid, attached to gold clusters of different size (1, 2 and 20 gold atoms). We have simulated 4 different spectroscopic techniques: Infrared spectroscopy, normal Raman scattering, absorption spectra and resonance Raman scattering. We discuss how the position and the conformation of the molecule determine...
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Modelling of the High Speed Multi-Pole Synchronous Generator for Application in More Electric Aircraft Power Systems
PublikacjaIn this paper different models of the synchronous generator are presented. The simulation results compared with the measurements are shown. Certain physical phenomena are included in described models for the porpoise of adequate analysis of the more electric aircraft power system. For different modelling levels, such as functional level or behavioural level, different physical phenomena have been included. Simulation results for...
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Identification of Unstable Reference Points and Estimation of Displacements Using Squared Msplit Estimation
PublikacjaThe article presents a new version of the method for estimating parameters in a split functional model, which enables the determination of displacements of geodetic network points with constrained datum. The main aim of the study is to present theoretical foundations of Msplit CD estimation and its basic properties and possible applications. Particular attention was paid to the efficacy of the method in the context of geodetic...
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Reasons for Implementing Movement in Kinetic Architecture
PublikacjaThe paper gives insights into different forms of movement in contemporary architecture and examines them based on the reasons for their implementation. The main objective of the paper is to determine: the degree to which the complexity of kinematic architecture results from functional and spatial needs and what other motivations there are. The method adopted to investigate these questions involves theoretical studies and comparative analyses...
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On the generalized model of shell structures with functional cross-sections
PublikacjaIn the present study, a single general formulation has been presented for the analysis of various shell-shaped structures. The proposed model is comprehensive and a variety of theories can be used based on it. The cross-section of the shell structure can be arbitrarily analyzed with the presented equations. In other words, various types of shell structures, including cylindrical, conical, spherical, elliptical, hyperbolic, parabolic,...
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Cognitive neuroscience: Theta network oscillations coordinate development of episodic memory
PublikacjaOur ability to remember life events matures through childhood and adolescence. A new study has revealed how theta oscillations between two anatomical brain regions supporting memory and executive functions are synchronized and develop across age through functional and structural connectivity.
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Visual Traffic Noise Monitoring in Urban Areas
PublikacjaThe paper presents an advanced system for railway and road traffic noise monitoring in metropolitan areas. This system is a functional part of a more complex solution designed for environmental monitoring in cities utilizing analyses of sound, vision and air pollution, based on a ubiquitous computing approach. The system consists of many autonomous, universal measuring units and a multimedia server, which gathers, processes and...
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Safety Integrity Verification Issues of the Control Systems for Industrial Process Plants
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some issues that can be encountered in designing the industrial automation and control systems (IACS) for implementing safety functions. In a functional safety standard IEC 61511 for the process industry such systems are named the basic process control systems (BPCS) and the safety instrumented systems (SIS). In a generic functional safety standard IEC 61508 they are depicted as...
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Market orientation and hotel performance: The mediating effect of creative marketing programs
PublikacjaThis work investigates the indirect effects between market orientation and hotel performance through creative marketing programs. The focus is on exploring the indirect effects between 1) customer orientation, competitor orientation, and cross-functional integration; and 2) hotel financial performance through two aspects of creative marketing programs, namely, novelty and meaningfulness. Through an empirical analysis using structural equation...
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Arbutin: Isolation, X-ray structure and computional studies
PublikacjaArbutin, an active component originated from Serratula quinquefolia for skin-whitening use and treating skin related allergic inflammation, was characterized by microanalysis, FTIR, UV-Vis, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, and single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The geometries of the studied compound were optimized in singlet states using the density functional theory (DFT) method with B3LYP functional. Electronic spectra were...
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Can Historic Interiors with Large Cubature be Turned Acoustically Correct?
PublikacjaHistoric interiors with large cubature, such as reception, theatrical, and concert halls, need to be renovated periodically if they are to be preserved as cultural heritage for future generations. In such cases it is necessary to maintain appropriate balance between requirements imposed by heritage conservation authorities office which are usually being given a higher priority, applicable safety regulations, and the comfort of...
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Problems in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher integriity levels
PublikacjaThe aim of this article is to identify and discuss some problems that have been encountered in designing and operating the functional safety solutions of higher safety integrity levels (SIL 3 and SIL 4) in the light of analyses outlined in a new version of the international standard IEC 61508:2010. Examples of such solutions are the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) and the safety instrumented systems...
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Concept of Multifactor Method and Non-Functional Requirements Solution to Increase Resilience through Functional Safety with Cybersecurity Analysis
PublikacjaIn the process of designing safety systems, an integrated approach in safety and cybersecurity analysis is necessary. The paper describes a new technique of increasing resilience through integrated analysis of functional safety and cybersecurity. It is a modeling methodology based on the combination of the multifactor method utilizing modified risk graphs, used previously for Safety Integrity Level (SIL) assessment, and the Non-Functional...
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Analysis of hydrodynamic pressure fields of motorboats and pontoons in shallow water
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of calculations of the pressure fields generated by a motorboat at the bottom of a shallow sea. Calculations were made using the boundary elements method (BEM), arranged on the surface of the boat and the bottom of the sea. This method is described in [3], and applied on a free surface linearized boundary condition. Results for four different lengths of motorboats, from 2.85 m to 9.5 m, sea depth...
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Designing efficient A-D-A1-D-A type fullerene free acceptor molecules with enhanced power conversion efficiency for solar cell applications
PublikacjaThe achievement of highly efficient power conversion efficiency (PCE) is a big concern for non-fullerene organic solar cells (NF-OSCs) because PCE can depend on numerous variables. Here, new five novel acceptor molecules without fullerenes were developed and investigated using DFT (density functional theory) and TD-DFT (time dependent-density functional theory). Compared to the recently synthesized molecule (PZ-dIDTC6), the developed...
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CLICK 'n' Sleep: Light-Switch Behavior of Triazole-Containing Tris(bipyridyl)ruthenium Complexes
PublikacjaA set of RuII complexes incorporating triazole subunits are presented. They show a solvent-dependent light-switch effect. Theoretical calculations revealed the excited states involved in the emission process. The findings are highly important for future design of light-switch sensors and suggest a severe restriction for functional photomolecular devices synthesized by CLICK chemistry.
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Functional properties of edible films for food applications - a review
PublikacjaApplication of natural polymers to forming edible films for food applications has been reviewed. Due to the hydrophilic nature of proteins and polysaccharides, films prepared from these polymers are too susceptible to moisture. Modification of them with critically selected a suitable compounds can result in their improved functional properties and making them useful for food packaging.
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Anisotropic Orlicz–Sobolev spaces of vector valued functions and Lagrange equations
PublikacjaIn this paper we study some properties of anisotropic Orlicz and Orlicz–Sobolev spaces of vector valued functions for a special class of G-functions. We introduce a variational setting for a class of Lagrangian Systems. We give conditions which ensure that the principal part of variational functional is finitely defined and continuously differentiable on Orlicz–Sobolev space.
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Simulation of Residence Time Distribution and Mixing in Reactors with Recirculation Using 2D Approach
PublikacjaIn this paper, we propose a 2D approach in order to create a mathematical model for the determination of the residence time distribution for a flow reactor with recirculation. Apart from characterizing the functional residence time distribution, this model can help improve the operation of the reactor at the design stage. The mathematical model was validated by comparison with experiments carried out in a hydraulic laboratory.
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Mobile Activity Plan Applications for Behavioral Therapy of Autistic Children
PublikacjaThis paper concerns technological support for behavioral therapy of autistic children. A family of tools dedicated for mobile devices is presented, that allows to design and perform an activity schedule in behavioral therapy. The paper describes the main challenges, that were encountered, especially in meeting the non-functional requirements of the application: simplicity, repeatability, robustness, personalization, re-usability...
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Determination of Changes in Viscosity of Hydrogel Depending on Shear Rates
PublikacjaThe datasets entitled Determination of changes in viscosity of hydrogel depending on shear rate contain the results of viscosity measurements using a Brookfield viscometer, with different kinds of spindles and shear rates. The data allowed the used hydrogel preparations to be characterised and their functional parameters, as substances modifying the rheology of thickeners and determining the effect of shear rate on the viscosity...
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THE ROLE OF THIN FUNCTIONAL LAYERS IN SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
PublikacjaWidespread commercialization of solid oxide fuel cells requires lowering its cost. It is generally accepted that to lower the cost of solid oxide fuel cells it is necessary to use metal alloys as interconnectors and, consequently, lower its operating temperature to slow down interconnectors degradation. As a result the area specific resistance of the cathodes should be lowered to sustain the performance of the cells. In order to...
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Proton transfer and hydrogen bonds in supramolecular, self-assembled structures of imidazolium silanethiolates. X-ray, spectroscopic and theoretical studies
PublikacjaThe reaction of 1-methylimidazole, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole and 2-ethylimidazole with tris(2,6- diisopropylphenoxy)silanethiol (TDST) leads to the formation of three new salts, which have been characterized by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, FTIR spectroscopy, and their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Structural analyses indicate that in all three compounds a proton transfer has...
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Procedure based proactive functional safety management for the risk mitigation of hazardous events in the oil port installations including insurance aspects
PublikacjaThis article addresses selected technical and organization aspects of risk mitigation in the oil port installations with regard to functional safety requirements specified in standards IEC 61508 and IEC 61511. The procedure for functional safety management includes the hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safety requirements and definition of safety functions. Based on risk assessment results...
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Contemporary multifunctional buildings towards a sustainable development of the housing environment
PublikacjaDevelopment of contemporary urban centers depends on the basis that buildings present more and more complex structures in terms of size and purpose. They are referred to as multifunctional buildings. This aspiration has its origins in the development of urban centers and in the desire to optimize the built-up areas. The article presents the theory of the approach to the design of multifunctional buildings with a focus on the residential...
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Low-Molecular Pyrazine-Based DNA Binders: Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties
PublikacjaPyrazine and its derivatives are a large group of compounds that exhibit broad biological activity, the changes of which can be easily detected by a substituent effect or a change in the functional group. The present studies combined theoretical research with the density functional theory (DFT) approach (B3LYP/6-311+G**) and experimental (potentiometric and spectrophotometric) analysis for a thorough understanding of the structure...
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Chemically Selective Alternatives to Photoferroelectrics for Polarization-Enhanced Photocatalysis: The Untapped Potential of Hybrid Inorganic Nanotubes
PublikacjaLinear-scaling density functional theory simulation of methylated imogolite nanotubes (NTs) elucidates the interplay between wall-polarization, bands separation, charge-transfer excitation, and tunable electrostatics inside and outside the NT-cavity. The results suggest that integration of polarization-enhanced selective photocatalysis and chemical separation into one overall dipole-free material should be possible.
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Analysis of the construction, assembly and usage of specialized fixtures illustrated with an example of machining a lever
PublikacjaThe paper presents a method of quantitative assessment of manufacturability of the construction of specialized fixtures used in machining. The assumed, simplified assessment criteria include both the complexity of the construction with respect to time-consumption of manufacturing the components and their assembly, as well as the features of the usage of fixtures. The paper contains a study case connected with variably designed...
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Functional delay fractional equations
PublikacjaIn this paper, we discuss functional delay fractional equations. A Banach fixed point theorem is applied to obtain the existence (uniqueness) theorem. We also discuss such problems when a delay argument has a form α(t) = αt, 0 < α < 1, by Rusing the method of successive approximations. Some existence results are also formulated in this case. An example illustrates the main result.
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Problem of Clogging in Drainage Systems in the Examples of the Zur and Podgaje Dams
PublikacjaDrainage plays an extremely important role in hydraulic structures, such as earth dams. Observations of drainage in hydraulic structures under various soil conditions indicate that the phenomenon of clogging can lead to a radical reduction in the efficiency of drainage, making it non-functional within a few years after construction. This article describes the problems of drainage clogging by iron oxide in the examples of the Zur...
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Human Factors in designing the Instrumentation and Control Systems Important to Safety
PublikacjaThis work addresses selected aspects of human factors in designing the instrumentation and control (I&C) systems important to safety as a part of the functional safety management of industrial hazardous plants, in particular nuclear power plants. As it is known in such plants a concept of “defence in depth” (D-in-D) is widely applied and some layers of protection are designed with regard to functional safety (FS) concept given...
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Functional Safety and Cybersecurity Analysis and Management in Smart Manufacturing Systems
PublikacjaThis chapter addresses some of the issues of the integrated functional safety and cybersecurity analysis and management with regard to selected references and the functional safety standards: IEC 61508, IEC 61511, ISO 13849-1 and IEC 62061, and a cybersecurity standard IEC 62443 that concerns the industrial automation and control systems. The objective is to mitigate the vulnerability of industrial systems that include the information...
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Simple design criteria and efficiency of hydrodynamic vortex separators
PublikacjaVortex separators are locally applied for waste water treatment in different systems - from storm waste water sewerage to water treatment in fish ponds. However, the methods for separator design presented in the literature are questionable. The paper presents two simple and functional criteria that were employed to construct a laboratory test stand. The test results gave positive feed back on the efficiency of vortex separators.
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Application of nonmetallic frustrated cations in the activation of small molecules
PublikacjaThe concept of nonmetallic frustrated cations has been used in small molecule activation. The in situ generated ambiphilic phosphinoborinium cation activated phenyl isocyanate, diisopropylcarbodiimide, and acetonitrile under very mild conditions without any catalyst, yielding single-, double-, or mixed-activation products. Furthermore, the mechanisms of the reactions of the phosphinoborinium cation with small molecules were elucidated...
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Eye-tracking everywhere - software supporting disabled people in interaction with computers
PublikacjaIn this paper we present comprehensive system for communication with computer by gaze. One of the main assumptions behind this work was to provide solution that can be used with standard RGB webcam. The proposed comprehensive system included the eye tracking module and user interface for convenient gaze interaction with computer. As a result a fully functional application was developed. The average accuracy of the eye tracking...
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Novel Tools for Comprehensive Functional Analysis of LDLR (Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor) Variants
PublikacjaFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant disorder caused mainly by substitutions in the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene, leading to an increased risk of premature cardiovascular diseases. Tremendous advances in sequencing techniques have resulted in the discovery of more than 3000 variants of the LDLR gene, but not all of them are clinically relevant. Therefore, functional studies of selected variants...
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Analysing Ways to Achieve a New Urban Agenda-Based Sustainable Metropolitan Transport
PublikacjaThe New Urban Agenda (NUA) sets a new vision of sustainable urban development to help cities deal with the challenges of changing demography. While numerous articles have addressed how the NUA can be implemented at different levels and in different areas, this article points out the potential limitations in incorporating the NUA into metropolitan transport policies. The relevance of the limitations can be seen in three main fields:...
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Structural studies of a cold-adapted dimeric Beta-D-galactosidase from Paracoccus sp. 32d
PublikacjaThe crystal structure of a novel dimeric [beta]-D-galactosidase from Paracoccus sp. 32d (Par[beta]DG) was solved in space group P212121 at a resolution of 2.4 Å by molecular replacement with multiple models using the BALBES software. This enzyme belongs to glycoside hydrolase family 2 (GH2), similar to the tetrameric and hexameric [beta]-D-galactosidases from Escherichia coli and Arthrobacter sp. C2-2, respectively. It is the second...
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Evaluation of IEEE 802.21 Handover between IEEE 802.11 and UMTS Networks
PublikacjaThe paper presents IEEE 802.21 - the ongoing standard for network handovers - illustrating its functional features, and considering and simulating a set of scenarios of mobile stations moving between IEEE 802.11 and UMTS networks. In order to evaluate the performance of IEEE 802.21 hanover packet loses and switching delays caused by hanover procedures are investigated. The authors discuss example results of simulation experiments...
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Implementing Integrated Territorial Investments
PublikacjaThe chapter presents the first experiences related to the implementation of the Integrated Territorial Investment (ITI). In the case of the Pomeranian region in Poland, this process was associated with the creation of a broad partnership and bottom-up approach to the development strategy programming for Urban Functional Areas. In this paper, we try to assess the effectiveness of this process, by defining its strong points and bottlenecks,...
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Analiza bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego i ochrony informacji w rozproszonych systemach komputerowych pełniących funkcje sterowania i zabezpieczeń
PublikacjaW niniejszym artykule przedstawiona została problematyka związana z analizą bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego rozproszonych systemów sterowania i automatyki zabezpieczeniowej z uwzględnieniem zagadnień ochrony informacji. Powinny być one rozpatrywane w sposób zintegrowany w zależności od rodzaju komunikacji stosowanej do transmisji danych. W tym celu zaproponowano podział analizowanych systemów na trzy kategorie. Zaproponowane podejście...
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Analiza bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego i ochrony informacji w rozproszonych systemach komputerowych pełniących funkcje sterowania i zabezpieczeń
PublikacjaW niniejszym artykule przedstawiona została problematyka związana z analizą bezpieczeństwa funkcjonalnego rozproszonych systemów sterowania i automatyki zabezpieczeniowej z uwzględnieniem zagadnień ochrony informacji. Powinny być one rozpatrywane w sposób zintegrowany w zależności od rodzaju komunikacji stosowanej do transmisji danych. W tym celu zaproponowano podział analizowanych systemów na trzy kategorie. Zaproponowane podejście...
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Deposition and characterization of organic polymer thin films using a dielectric barrier discharge with different C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) gas mixtures
PublikacjaOrganic polymer thin films have been deposited on Si(100) and aluminum coated glass substrates by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operated at medium pressure using different C2Hm/N2 (m = 2, 4, 6) gas mixtures. The deposited films were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IRRAS) revealed the chemical functional groups present in the films. The surface...
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Safety integrity level verification for safety-related functions with security aspects
PublikacjaThe article is devoted some important issues of the functional safety analysis, in particular the safetyintegrity level (SIL) verification of safety functions to be implemented within the distributed controland protection systems with regard to cyber security aspects. The procedure for functional safety man-agement includes hazard identification, risk analysis and assessment, specification of overall safetyrequirements and definition...
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Urban regeneration in urban functional areas in Poland as an instrument of implementation of the EU Cohesion Policy
PublikacjaThis study examines the role of urban regeneration policies in planning and governance within urban functional areas (UFAs) in Poland, in the context of the EU Cohesion Policy (CP). The empirical part of this study is based on comparing the approaches adopted in two Polish regions: Pomerania and Silesia. We describe the first successes but also the bottlenecks of the process, from negotiations and programming up to the implementation...