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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: road transport
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Classifying type of vehicles on the basis of data extracted from audio signal characteristics
PublikacjaThe aim of this study is to find and optimize a feature vector for an automatic recognition of the type of vehicles, extracted form an audio signal. First, the influence of weather-based conditions of road surface on spectral characteristic of the audio signal recorded from a passing vehicle in close proximity to the road is discussed. Next, parameterization of the recorded audio signal is performed. For that purpose, the MIRtoolbox,...
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Identification of Risk Factors for Collisions Involving Cyclists Based on Gdansk Example
PublikacjaThe role of pedestrian and bicycle traffic in Poland has growing trend. The comprehensive traffic study, conducted in Gdansk in 2016, has confirmed the increase in the number of cyclists and their share in the modal split. Therefore, it is particularly important to ensure the safety of this group of unprotected road users. Only in 2015 on the roads of Gdansk occurred 93 accidents (excluding collisions) involving cyclists. As a...
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Assessing Tram Infrastructure Safety Using the Example of the City of Gdańsk
PublikacjaAnalysis of Gdańsk’s tram network statistics shows that incidents are quite frequent (about 650 within 5 years) and mostly involve collisions and crashes. As well as reducing the tram systems’ efficiency and reliability, incidents have a nega-tive effect on road safety. As Polish cities extend their tram networks, they must also ensure that their existing networks are safe. This is to be achieved by conducting safety assessments....
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Ontological Modeling for Contextual Data Describing Signals Obtained from Electrodermal Activity for Emotion Recognition and Analysis
PublikacjaMost of the research in the field of emotion recognition is based on datasets that contain data obtained during affective computing experiments. However, each dataset is described by different metadata, stored in various structures and formats. This research can be counted among those whose aim is to provide a structural and semantic pattern for affective computing datasets, which is an important step to solve the problem of data...
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The application of non-destructive methods in the diagnostics of the approach pavement at the bridges
PublikacjaThe article presents the possibility of using non-destructive methods of road pavement diagnostics as an alternative to traditional means to assess the reasons for premature cracks adjacent to bridge objects. Two scanning methods were used: laser scanning to measure geometric surface deformation and ground penetrating radar (GPR) inspection to assess the road pavement condition. With the use of a laser scanner, an effective tool...
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EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF NON-PHYSICAL SPEED MANAGEMENT MEASURES
PublikacjaThe subject of the Authors' analyses is a group of non-physical speed management measures. How effective they are depends primarily on how willing drivers are to accept restrictions. Social and cultural factors play a major role. The effectiveness of these measures is not clear and requires further research. The authors conducted such research and evaluated the effects of nonphysical speed management measures on driver behaviour...
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Determination of modifier contents in polymer-modified bitumens and in samples collected from the roads using high performance gel permeation/size exclusion chromatography
PublikacjaThis paper describes application of high performance gel permeation/size exclusion chromatography (HP-GPC/SEC) for the determination of content of polymer modifiers in modified road bitumens. The obtained results were compared with the measurements based on the procedure recommended by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, which employs Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy (mid-IR FTIR)....
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Numerical methods for the assessment of bridge safety barriers
PublikacjaThe paper presents a numerical study of the bus crash test for bridge safety barriers. The analysis is conducted with the use of explicit code LS-DYNA. The problem of hourglass effect in shell elements is discussed. The simulations of bus impact against the barrier show that the analyzed barrier withstands the impact forces and restrains the bus trajectory to the bridge road.
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Ontological Model for Contextual Data Defining Time Series for Emotion Recognition and Analysis
PublikacjaOne of the major challenges facing the field of Affective Computing is the reusability of datasets. Existing affective-related datasets are not consistent with each other, they store a variety of information in different forms, different formats, and the terms used to describe them are not unified. This paper proposes a new ontology, ROAD, as a solution to this problem, by formally describing the datasets and unifying the terms...
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Method of Forming Road Surface Replicas Using 3D Printing Technology
PublikacjaRolling resistance is a critical factor that influences vehicle energy consumption, emissions, and overall performance. It directly impacts fuel efficiency, tire longevity, and driving dynamics. Traditional rolling resistance tests are conducted on smooth steel drums, which fail to replicate real-world road surface textures, potentially skewing results. This article presents the process of designing surface replicas using 3D printing...
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1D convolutional context-aware architectures for acoustic sensing and recognition of passing vehicle type
PublikacjaA network architecture that may be employed to sensing and recognition of a type of vehicle on the basis of audio recordings made in the proximity of a road is proposed in the paper. The analyzed road traffic consists of both passenger cars and heavier vehicles. Excerpts from recordings that do not contain vehicles passing sounds are also taken into account and marked as ones containing silence....
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Analysis of passenger car crash with a cable barrier installed with anti-glare screens on a horizontal convex road curve with 400 m radius
PublikacjaHigh-tension cable barriers have been used on roads for a relatively short period compared with other types of road barriers. Hence, there remains a need for further research on various crash scenarios. An important issue is the performance of a cable barrier on a road curve, particularly when a vehicle impacts the convex side of the barrier. To address this issue, the analysis in this study considers a system of anti-glare screens...
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The use of lightweight aggregate saturated with PCM as a temperature stabilizing material for road surfaces.
PublikacjaThis paper presents the possibility of adding lightweight building aggregates to increase the stability – mechanical as well as thermal - of constructions and road objects. This stability can be achieved through saturating the porous granules of aggregate with a phase-change material (PCM) that allows the accumulation of solar heat. Intense solar radiation, especially during the summer, can cause the asphalt on road surfaces, bridges...
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Curb-to-Barrier Face Distance Variation an a TB51 Bridge Barrier Crash Test Simulation
PublikacjaThis paper addresses the problem of road safety regarding barrier placement as relative to the curb. A short summary of existing regulations is presented. Numerical simulations using the explicit finite element system Ls- Dyna are shown. In the analysis, variable distance between the barrier and the curb is assumed. The obtained result reveals that the distance has little impact on the working width of the barrier.
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Problemy zagrażające bezpieczeństwu dzieci i ich rodziców w ruchu drogowym podczas podróży do szkoły na przykładzie Przymorza Małego w Gdańsku
PublikacjaArtykuł opisuje problemy wpływające negatywnie na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego na obszarze Przymorza Małego, a także przedstawia pomysły, których realizacja powinna poprawić bezpieczeństwo pieszych, rowerzystów oraz kierowców pojazdów samochodowych poruszających się po tym obszarze. W pierwszej części przedstawiono informacje dotyczące stanu aktualnego analizowanego terenu, opisano zlokalizowane tutaj placówki oświatowe, a także...
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APPLICATION OF THE GWR MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE ROAD FATALITIES RATE ON THE ROAD NETWORK IN THE NUTS 3 REGIONS IN EUROPE ON THE EXAMPLE OF KUYAVIAN- -POMERANIAN VOIVODESHIP
PublikacjaThe article presents the application of the GWR (Geographically Weighted Regression) model to the description of differences in the level of road traffic safety in individual counties on the example of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. The GWR model developed for counties, taking into account the diversity of NUTS 3 regions, can be a helpful tool for traffic safety management in voivodships and lower administrative units, and...
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an intelligent image processing sensor - the algorithm and the hardware implementation
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono algorytm przeznaczony do rozpoznawania obiektów ruchomych w obrazie do celu analizy ruchu pojazdów. Algorytm został zrealizowany w układzie FPGA.Ang.: This paper describes the idea and theimplementation of the robust algorithm dedicated toextraction of moving vehicles from real-time cameraimages for the evaluation of traffic parameters, suchas the number of vehicles, their direction of movementand their...
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Down-Sampling of Large LiDAR Dataset in the Context of Off-Road Objects Extraction
PublikacjaNowadays, LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) is used in many fields, such as transportation. Thanks to the recent technological improvements, the current generation of LiDAR mapping instruments available on the market allows to acquire up to millions of three-dimensional (3D) points per second. On the one hand, such improvements allowed the development of LiDAR-based systems with increased productivity, enabling the quick acquisition...
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Reduction of noise and rolling resistance by horizontal grinding of asphalt pavements
PublikacjaGrinding of cement concrete pavements to reduce unevenness and noise is common since a long time. Grinding is then made with wheels equipped with diamond blades rotating in the vertical plane. This creates narrow vertical/longitudinal grooves in the pavement. It is not applied to asphalt pavements. In this paper an alternative type of grinding is studied. In this case plates with diamond heads rotate in the same plane as the pavement,...
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A Novel Spatio–Temporal Deep Learning Vehicle Turns Detection Scheme Using GPS-Only Data
PublikacjaWhether the computer is driving your car or you are, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) come into play on all levels, from weather monitoring to safety. These modern-day ADASs use various assisting tools for drivers to keep the journey safe; these sophisticated tools provide early signals of numerous events, such as road conditions, emerging traffic scenarios, and weather warnings. Many urban applications, such as car-sharing...
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Searching for road deformations using mobile laser scanning
PublikacjaMillions of people use roads every day all over the world. Roads, like many other structures, have an estimated durability. In Poland a lot of the roads were built at the turn of the 20th and 21st c., especially for light cars. Many of these roads carry traffic and heavy goods vehicles which were not predicted when the traffic was first estimated. It creates a lot of problems with technical conditions and the infrastructure must...
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Comparison of low-temperature cracks intensity on pavements with high modulus asphalt concrete and conventional asphalt concrete bases
PublikacjaHigh modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) base courses provide very good resistance to rutting and fatigue but they can increase the risk of low-temperature cracking as compared with conventional asphalt concrete (AC). The article presents the comparison of these two road materials in terms of low-temperature cracking. The statistical method based on the ordered logistic regression model was used. The analysis was based on results of...
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Novel proposal for V2X systems and WBAN cooperation to improve road safety
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel proposal of the automotive Vehicle-to-Everything system solution is presented. In this proposal, there are included the Machine to Machine type communication system and the sensor system based on a short-range the Wireless Body Area Network communication. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the model for communication, especially its architecture and signals structure for the proposed solution. The use...
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Measures of Functional Reliability of Two-Lane Highways
PublikacjaRural two-lane highways are the most common road type both in Poland and globally. In terms of kilometres, their length is by far greater than that of motorways and expressways. They are roads of one carriageway for each direction, which makes the overtaking of slower vehicles possible only when there is a gap in the stream of traffic moving from the opposite direction. Motorways and express roads are dual carriageways that are...
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Badania czynników wpływających na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego w województwach
PublikacjaWojewództwa stanowią podstawową jednostę zarządzania w Polsce. Jak dotąd mało rozpoznanym proble-mem są czynniki wpływające na bezpieczeństwo ruchu dro-gowego na poziomie województw. Na podstawie przeglądu literatury zidentyfikowano metody analiz bezpieczeństwa na poziomie regionanym a także niektóre czynniki wpływające na bezpieczeństwo ruchu na obszarze regionów. Następnie zebrano dane dostępne dla województw w Polsce w...
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Factors affecting low-temperature cracking of asphalt pavements: analysis of field observations using the ordered logistic model
PublikacjaAccurate identification of factors that primarily affect the number of low-temperature cracks is crucial for selection of road materials and planning of pavement maintenance. Field investigations of lowtemperature cracks were performed in the years 2014 and 2020 on the same 68 road sections being in service in typical traffic conditions. The collected data were statistically analysed using the ordered logistic regression model....
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Tyre/road noise reduction of poroelastic road surface tested in a laboratory
PublikacjaA so-called poroelastic road surface (PERS) is being developed in Europe. This contains a large percentage of rubber particles mixed with hard aggregate (stone and sand) and bound with polyurethane. This gives high air void content (around 30 %), high elasticity and smooth texture, all of which should give low noise properties. Inthis experiment anominally 30 mm thick sample of PERS was mounted on a steel drum. Various car tyres...
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A PROPOSAL FOR ONE-IMAGE PHOTOGRAMMETRY SYSTEM FOR MEASURING THE CLEARANCE DISTANCE. CASE STUDY
PublikacjaMeasurement of the clearance distance (both in the context of the rail and road) is one of the current and increasingly discussed topics in the context of photogrammetric and image processing (computer vision) methods. The article presents a description of a simple and rapid method of measure the clearance distance between the obstacles by using one-image photogrammetry. The proposed method was tested for the railway, tram and...
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Numerical crash analysis of the cable barrier
PublikacjaSafety barriers are used to increase road safety. Their basic task is to prevent the errant vehicle from getting off the road in places which are potentially dangerous for vehicle passengers. Barriers, which are used on European roads, must fulfill the requirements of EN 1317 standards by passing appropriate crash tests. Because of their high cost, numerical simulations are increasingly used to evaluate the properties of safety...
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Detection of Anomalies in the Operation of a Road Lighting System Based on Data from Smart Electricity Meters
PublikacjaSmart meters in road lighting systems create new opportunities for automatic diagnostics of undesirable phenomena such as lamp failures, schedule deviations, or energy theft from the power grid. Such a solution fits into the smart cities concept, where an adaptive lighting system creates new challenges with respect to the monitoring function. This article presents research results indicating the practical feasibility of real‐time...
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Strain gauges monitoring of arch bridge over the Vistula river in Toruń during construction
PublikacjaIn 2013 one of the biggest Polish road bridges over the Vistula was built in Torun. Considering the use of original engineering solutions and innovative assembly it was decided on monitoring of strain gauges and assessment of building’s behaviour during its construction. The research was aimed at determining the degree of strain and the assessment of proper work of main arch girders during assembly phases. This work presents the...
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Wzbudzone siły wewnętrzne : skutki upr0szczonego modelowania zakrzywionej estakady sprężonej
Publikacjathe paper presents problems, which were encountered during the construction of a southern road bypass of city gdansk. after prestressing and removing formwork, the contractor spotted, that some of outer bearings are detached. performed analysis showed that, this situation was caused by the usage of a simplified, straight beam model during design phase. the paper shows the influence of a curved in plane prestressed system on internal...
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Equivalent temperature for design of airport pavements using mechanistic-empirical methods
PublikacjaThe paper presents implementation of equivalent temperature for design of airport asphalt pavements. The calculation methods of equivalent temperature: the Shell method, the French method and method that use the Asphalt Institute fatique criteria were presented. An example of calculations of equivalent temperature for Gdansk Airport was introduced and discussed. It was shown that methods of calculation of equivalent temperature...
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On the validation of the LS-DYNA Geo Metro numerical model
PublikacjaThe paper presents experiences gained during work with numerical model of Geo Metro vehicle used for simulations of crash tests with road safety barriers. Attention is drawn to the subject of tire/wheel breakage during collision events. Some methods for improvement of the model are presented in the paper. Several results for the normative vehicle numerical tests are introduced. Simulations were carried out using LS-DYNA finite...
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Dew Formation and Chemistry Near a Motorway in Poland
PublikacjaIn this study, the influence of traffic intensity on dewformation efficiency and chemistry is presented. The measurementswere conducted near the A4 motorway in SW Poland in almost flatland relief with intense agricultural activity. The dew/hoarfrost wascollected by means of insulated plain passive radiative condensersat three sites: AN and AS located in the close vicinity of themotorway (30 m) on the opposite sides of the road,...
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Metoda zarządzania ryzykiem w inżynierii drogowej. K. Jamroz.
PublikacjaW monografii zaprezentowano bazujące na ryzyku podejście do zarządzania bezpieczeństwem ruchu drogowego. Można wyróżnić cztery zasadnicze jej części. W pierwszej przedstawiono przegląd problemów zarządzania bezpieczeństwem w inżynierii drogowej, pozwalający na identyfikację brakujących elementów zarządzania ryzykiem w tej dziedzinie. Następnie ukazano założenia i koncepcję metody zarządzania ryzykiem w inżynierii drogowej, nazwaną...
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LOW NOISE TIRES FOR HYBRID AND ELECTRIC VEHICLES
PublikacjaLow Emission Vehicles that are hybrid and electric cars may benefit from specially designed tires that are optimized for driving conditions typical for such vehicles. It is possible that in the future Low Emission Vehicles, especially passenger cars, will substitute conventional vehicles in all applications, however for the time being they are mostly used in urban and suburban areas. Urban traffic has a rather low demand for grip...
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Urban scene semantic segmentation using the U-Net model
PublikacjaVision-based semantic segmentation of complex urban street scenes is a very important function during autonomous driving (AD), which will become an important technology in industrialized countries in the near future. Today, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) improve traffic safety thanks to the application of solutions that enable detecting objects, recognising road signs, segmenting the road, etc. The basis for these functionalities...
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THE COST ANALYSIS OF CORROSION PROTECTION SOLUTIONS FOR STEEL COMPONENTS IN TERMS OF THE OBJECT LIFE CYCLE COST
PublikacjaSteel materials, due to their numerous advantages - high availability, easiness of processing and possibility of almost any shaping are commonly applied in construction for carrying out basic carrier systems and auxiliary structures. However, the major disadvantage of this material is its high corrosion susceptibility, which depends strictly on the local conditions of the facility and the applied type of corrosion protection system....
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Monitoring Salt Water Intrusion During Construction of a Road Tunnel under the Martwa Wisła River in Gdańsk
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of groundwater monitoring carried out during the construction of a road tunnel under the Martwa Wisła river in Gdańsk, Poland. Martwa Wisła is one of the branches of Wisła (Vistula) river, heavily influenced by storm surges and saline water inflow from the Bay of Gdańsk. Increased values of chloride concentration were observed on both sides of the river, in particular on the western side, which was caused...
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Editorial, SI EATA2023
PublikacjaThe European Asphalt Technology Association (EATA) is an organisation of leading European engineers and scientists involved in the asphalt material research. Every two years, the EATA celebrates its international pavement conference, with the aim of disseminating the key advances in scientific knowledge related to asphalt materials and technologies, and to encourage the transfer and application of this knowledge worldwide. Since...
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Study of displacements of a bridge abutment using FEM
PublikacjaSteel sheet piles are often used to support excavations for bridge foundations. When they are left in place in the permanent works, they have the potential to increase foundation bearing capacity and reduce displacements; but their presence is not usually taken into account in foundation design. In this article, the results of finite element analysis of a typical abutment foundation, with and without cover of sheet piles, are presented...
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Vehicle Detection and Speed Estimation Using Millimetre Wave Radar
PublikacjaThe dataset titled Data from 76- to 81-GHz mmWave Sensor located at S7 road contains data recorded employing an IWR1642 mmWave sensor from Texas Instruments. The data comes from two sessions lasting 24h each. The dataset provides the possibility to perform analyses related to car traffic intensity on one of the carriageways of the motorway heading to the Gdańsk metropolitan area. Based on the gathered data, it is possible to calculate...
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Load test of new European record holder in span length among extradosed type bridges
PublikacjaThe article presents acceptance load tests of a newly built extradosed MS-3 bridge located along the national road DK-16 near Ostróda (Poland). The structure features significant dimension in European reference scale. It is a new record holder in span length regarding this distinct bridge category. Its length ranges 206 m. Static and dynamic load tests were performed here. The program was extended by entire structural laser scanning...
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Improving the CPX method by specifying reference tyres and including corrections for rubber hardnes and temperature
PublikacjaRecently completed work in the EU project ROSANNE and in working group ISO/TC43/SC1/WG33 has allowed substantial improvements to measurements made by the Close-Proximity (CPX) method, intended for measurement of noise properties of road surfaces.The paper summarizes the experimental work and describes the conclusions and implementation in ISO/FDIS 11819-2 (CPX method) and in the supporting ISO (draft) Technical Specifications 11819-3...
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TB11 test for short w-beam road barrier
PublikacjaFEM (Finite Element Method) is well-suited and widely used tool for simulating a range of phenomena: from these with simple and static behaviour, up to those complicated, highly nonlinear and involving many contacts. In present paper we use one of the advantages of FEM: parametric study could be easily performed and is more economical than series of in-situ tests. If recommended practices is carefully followed, results obtained...
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Research on the Use of Mobile Devices and Headphones on Pedestrian Crossings—Pilot Case Study from Slovakia
PublikacjaThe topic of the use of mobile devices and headphones on pedestrian crossings is much less explored in comparison to the use of the mobile phone while driving. Recent years have seen many discussions on this issue, especially in foreign countries. The Slovak Republic, however, has not been giving it enough attention (and it is not mentioned in the National Road Safety Plan for the Slovak Republic from 2011 to 2020). This paper...
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Road safety analysis in Poland using time-series modelling techniques
PublikacjaA number of international studies argue that there is a correlation between the number of traffic fatalities and the degree of public activity. The studies use the unemployment rate to support that argument. As unemployment grows miles travelled fall, a factor known to affect road safety. This relationship seems to be true for Poland, as well. The model presented in the paper is intended to prove it. It is a structural time-series local...
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Stability analysis of a road scarp in the Carpathian Mountains and methods of its protection
PublikacjaThe purpose of the study was to analyse the stability of a road scarp endangered by a landslide and to consider some measures for its stabilization. The potential landslide could unfavourably alter the shape of the slope, thus a religious sanctuary situated above the slope. The present research has resulted in suggestions of possible protection methods, namely, drainage, soil nailing, installation of piles, supporting the scarp...
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Pedestrian detection in low-resolution thermal images
PublikacjaOver one million people die in car accidents worldwide each year. A solution that will be able to reduce situations in which pedestrian safety is at risk has been sought for a long time. One of the techniques for detecting pedestrians on the road is the use of artificial intelligence in connection with thermal imaging. The purpose of this work was to design a system to assist the safety of people and car intelligence with the use...