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Search results for: FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE (FRC)
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The effect of macro polymer fibres length and content on the fibre reinforced concrete
PublicationThe paper presents studies of a ready-mix concrete containing polymer fibres of three different lengths: 24, 38 and 54 mm. The performed tests allowed to determine the effect of fibre volume fraction and length on the concrete strength. The basic parameters of concrete mixture (consistency, air content and bulk density) were identified. Fibre reinforced concrete belongs to a group of composite materials. The polymer fibres are...
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A study on fibre-reinforced concrete elements properties based on the case of habitat modules in the underwater sills
PublicationHydrotechnical constructions are mostly objects functioning in extreme conditions and requiring a custom-made construction project. In the case of using prefabricated elements, it is required to develop production, transport, assembly, conservation and repair technology. Concerning the problem of concrete cracks, modern repair systems allow positive effects to be achieved in many cases of concrete elements repair. In this work...
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Characterization of fracture process in polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete using ultrasonic waves and digital image correlation
PublicationThis study explores the monitoring of the fracture process in concrete beams and aims to characterize the evolution of damage in polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete beams by utilizing the integrated application of two measurement techniques, digital image correlation and ultrasonic testing. The interpretation of registered wave time histories data was provided by the calculation of the magnitude-phase-composite metrics. An efficient...
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Prediction of fracture toughness in fibre-reinforced concrete, mortar, and rocks using various Machine learning techniques
PublicationMachine Learning (ML) method is widely used in engineering applications such as fracture mechanics. In this study, twenty different ML algorithms were employed and compared for the prediction of the fracture toughness and fracture load in modes I, II, and mixed-mode (I-II) of various materials, including fibre-reinforced concrete, cement mortar, sandstone, white travertine, marble, and granite. A set of 401 specimens of “Brazilian...
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Load-carrying capacity and state of effort of tubes made of glass and basalt fibre reinforced polymer filled with concrete
PublicationOpisano badania eksperymentalne słupów wykonanych z rur polimerowych zbrojonych włóknami szklanymi i bazaltowymi. Część rur wypełniano wewnątrz betonem. Słupy z wypełnieniem niszczyły się w sposób powolny, wykazując wysoką nośność pokrytyczną, podczas gdy słupy z rur pustych niszczyły się w sposób gwałtowny, niesygnalizowany. Nośności uzyskane eksperymentalnie porównano do nośności obliczonych teoretycznie na podstawie procedur...
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Comparative study on fracture evolution in steel fibre and bar reinforced concrete beams using acoustic emission and digital image correlation techniques
PublicationIn recent decades, the demand for sustainable construction practices has increased, but raw materials such as reinforcing steel remain scarce. Therefore, steel fibres have emerged as a popular and sustainable choice in the construction industry, offering a cost-effective alternative to traditional steel bar reinforcement for both flatwork and elevated structures. The purpose of this study is therefore to compare the performance...
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Three dimensional simulations of FRC beams and panels with explicit definition of fibres-concrete interaction
PublicationHigh performance concrete (HPC) is a quite novel material which has been rapidly developed in the last few decades. It exhibits superior mechanical properties and durability comparing to normal concrete. HPC can achieve also superior tensile performance if strong fibres (steel or carbon) are implemented in the matrix. Thus, there exist the unabated interest in studying how the addition of different types of fibres modifies the...
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Experimental investigations on concrete beams reinforced with CFRP lamellas
PublicationPaper presents experimental investigation made on two concrete beams reinforced with internal Carbon Fibre Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) lamellas (i.e. strips, bands). The reinforcement geometrical arrangement was similar as in normal concrete beams reinforced with steel bars and stirrups. The beams were destroyed by the shear forces, as intended. Obtained load-carrying capacities were lower as expected: below 40% of a calculated value....
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Microcrack monitoring and fracture evolution of polyolefin and steel fibre concrete beams using integrated acoustic emission and digital image correlation techniques
PublicationThe use of polymer and steel fibres in plain concrete appears to be an excellent solution for limiting crack propagation and improving the post-ductility performance of concrete structures. Based on this premise, this study investigated the fracture evolution of polyolefin fibre-reinforced concrete (PFRC) and steel fibre-reinforced concrete (SFRC) specimens through the integrated application of two diagnostic techniques, acoustic...
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Data-Driven Modeling of Mechanical Properties of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete: A Critical Review
PublicationFiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) is extensively used in diverse structural engineering applications, and its mechanical properties are crucial for designing and evaluating its performance. The compressive, flexural, splitting tensile, and shear strengths of FRCs are among the most important attributes, which have been discussed more extensively than other properties. The accurate prediction of these properties, which are required...
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Mechanical Performance and Environmental Assessment of Sustainable Concrete Reinforced with Recycled End-of-Life Tyre Fibres
PublicationThe presented research’s main objective was to develop the solution to the global problem of using steel waste obtained during rubber recovery during the tire recycling. A detailed comparative analysis of mechanical and physical features of the concrete composite with the addition of recycled steel fibres (RSF) in relation to the steel fibre concrete commonly used for industrial floors was conducted. A study was carried out using...
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CFGFRPT Piles with a Circular Cross-Section and their Application in Offshore Structures
PublicationThe possibilities of using concrete piles in a polymer composite reinforced with glass fibres in offshore facilities were shown. Laboratory tests of CFGFRPT type piles compressed axially and in eccentric compression for the analysis of CFGFRPT piles were used. Methods of analysis of dynamic systems for mathematical modelling of the displacement of the hammer in the pile driving process were applied. The possibilities of combining...
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CFFT columns in road through railroad crossings
PublicationThere were 12801 road through railroad one-level crossings in Poland in 2018. 215 accidents happened at them in 2018. In order to increase safety in rail and road traffic two-level crossings should be used. They are definitely safer and make the traffic more smooth. In the design and construction of two-level intersections of railway and road or path columns of circular cross-section are often used. They can be successfully replaced...
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Concrete-filled FRP tubular members in marine and bridge structures
PublicationConcrete core of the concrete-filled tubes (CFTs) with circular cross-section is in the case of an axial compression subjected to a spatial state of compressive stresses. This state leads to enhancement in the concrete strength. The enhancement is utilized in Eurocode 4 design procedures for CFSTs (i.e. CFTs with tube made of steel). The structural design of CFFTs (i.e. CFTs with tube made of Fibre Reinforced Polymer - FRP) is...
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Effect of polymer fibres reinforcement on selected properties of asphalt mixtures
PublicationThe paper presents selected results of the research program concerning fibre reinforced asphalt concrete. Aramid-polyalphaolefin fibres was used in this study. Selected properties responsible for low temperature cracking and resistance to permanent deformation are presented in this paper. Low temperature cracking susceptibility was evaluated with the results obtained from bending test of rectangular beams with constant rate of...
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Impact response of two-layered grouted aggregate fibrous concretecomposite under falling mass impact
PublicationTwo-layered Grouted Aggregates Fibrous Concrete Composite (TGAFCC) is a new category concrete which became popular recently and attracted the attention of researchers globally. Recent studies indicated that TGAFCC has notable improvement in mechanical properties, which has been sufficiently documented. However, the impact behaviour of TGAFCC when combined with Glass Fibre Mesh (GFM) and Textile Fibre Mesh (TFM) is still unexplored....
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Wpływ zbrojenia polimerowymi włóknami rozproszonymi na wybrane właściwości mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych zbrojonych polimerowymi włóknami rozproszonymi. Ocenie poddano mieszankę włókien zbrojących aramidowo-poliolifenowych pod kątem wpływu ich zastosowania na właściwości niskotemperaturowe i odporności na deformacje trwałe mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych. Właściwości niskotemperaturowe oceniano na podstawie testu zginania próbek belkowych oraz na podstawie...
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Environmemtal Degradation of Ramie Fibre Reinforced Biocomposites
PublicationThe estimation of environmental degradibility of different fibre reinforced biocomposites in Baltic sea and in compost with activated sludge under natural conditions is the subject of this paper. Two types of biocomposites, ramie fibre/ecoflex and ramie fibre/cellulose nanofibre reinforced corn starch resin, were studied.It was demonstrated that the biocomposites with natural fibre of ramie were degraded in compost faster than...
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Environmental Degradation of Ramie Fibre Reinforced Biocomposites
PublicationThe degradation process of two kinds of biocomposites, Ramie fibre/Ecoflex R/E and ramie fibre/cellulose nanofibre reinforced corn starch resin R/CS, were studied. It was demonstrated that R/CS degraded faster in natural environments.
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Composite as a Material of the Future in the Era of Green Deal Implementation Strategies
PublicationComposite materials have become synonymous with modernity, desired in nearly every aspect of our daily lives, from simple everyday objects to sanitary facilities, pipelines, the construction of modern sewer networks, their renovation, water supply, and storage reservoirs, to complex structures—automotive, planes, and space science. Composites have seen a considerable rise in attention owing to their characteristics, durability,...
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Application of gpr method in diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures
PublicationThis paper presents an application of the ground penetration method (GPR) for diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures. In situ measurements were conducted for three civil engineering structures: the ground floor structure, the abutment of the railway viaduct and the concrete well. The dual polarized ground penetrating radar with the antenna operating at a center frequency of 2 GHz was used for GPR surveys. Three different...
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Experimental tests of reinforced concrete deep-beams
PublicationThe paper presents results of experimental research of the reinforced concrete deep beam with a spatial arrangement. Tested structural elements consist of the cantilever deep beam loaded on the height and transverse deep beam with hanging on it another one. The analysis includes crack morphology, effort of steel and load distribution. The article verified effectiveness of two different kind of reinforcement in both tested deep...
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SIGNIFICANT GUIDELINE FOR THE DAMAGE INDICES APPLIED TO REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
PublicationIn this paper, based on a deep overview and literature study, the different formulas proposed for damage indices (DIs) applied to reinforced concrete structures under monotonic or cyclic loading are classified and presented. The DIs are applied to quantify the damages to structures, ranging from zero to one. Normally, they are applied to make a decision for repairing or demolition of the structures in the post-earthquake phases. Keywords:...
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Experimental study on ultrasonic monitoring of splitting failure in reinforced concrete
PublicationThis paper investigates inspection of reinforced concrete elements sensitive to the splitting failure. The behaviour of a reinforced concrete specimen subjected to a tensile stress is considered. The damage detection procedure is based on the ultrasonic wave propagation technique. The piezoelectric transducers are located on both ends of the specimen and the measurements are taken periodically during the incrementally increased...
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Experimental and numerical investigations for GPR evaluation of reinforced concrete footbridge
PublicationThe GPR method has increasingly found application in non-destructive testing of reinforced concrete structures. This paper presents the new approach of modelling of the electromagnetic wave propagation for reinforced concrete structures with a complex system of the reinforcement. Simulations of the GPR field were performed on a three-dimensional model of a footbridge using the FDTD method. Numerical maps were compared with results...
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Modes of Failure Analysis in Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Laser Scanning and Synchro-Photogrammetry - How to apply optical technologies in the diagnosis of reinforced concrete elements?
PublicationThe following paper reveal the limitations and possibilities of terrestrial laser scanning technology adaptation in diagnostics of reinforced concrete beams. In this paper, authors present potential spectrum of TLS use in modes of failure analysis of R-C beams and determines under which conditions the laser technologies might be applied. Research was carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Structural Engineering at Gdansk University...
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GPR simulations for diagnostics of a reinforced concrete beam
PublicationThe most popular technique for modelling of an electromagnetic field, the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, has recently become a popular technique as an interpretation tool for ground penetrating radar (GPR) measurements. The aim of this study is to detect the size and the position of damage in a reinforced concrete beam using GPR maps. Numerical simulations were carried out using the finite differ-ence time domain...
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A novel formulation of 3D spectral element for wave propagation in reinforced concrete
PublicationThe paper deals with numerical simulations of wave propagation in reinforced concrete for damage detection purposes. A novel formulation of a 3D spectral element was proposed. The reinforcement modelled as the truss spectral element was embedded in the 3D solid spectral finite element. Numerical simulations have been conducted on cuboid concrete specimens reinforced with two steel bars. Different degradation models were considered...
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Debonding Detection in Reinforced Concrete Beams with the Use of Guided Wave Propagation
PublicationOne of the most frequent damage of the reinforced concrete structures is debonding between steel bar and concrete cover. In the case of debonding occurrence not only the strength of the structure decreases, but also it is more vulnerable to corrosion damages. For this reason fast and effective methods of debonding detection in an early stage of its development need a significant boost. The paper presents analytical and experimental...
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Remote sensing in laboratory diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements – current development and vision for the future
PublicationContinuous emergence of new concrete types and kinds of reinforcement, as well as technological solutions in the field of structural engineering have made great demand for diagnostic tests of reinforced concrete elements. New challenges and problems facing people require new more efficient tools for laboratory diagnostics than those commonly used. Remote sensing may be the answer to this demand. In this paper the author describes...
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Remote sensing in laboratory diagnostics of reinforced concrete elements – current development and vision for the future
PublicationContinuous emergence of new concrete types and kinds of reinforcement, as well as technological solutions in the field of structural engineering have made great demand for diagnostic tests of reinforced concrete elements. New challenges and problems facing people require new more efficient tools for laboratory diagnostics than those commonly used. Remote sensing may be the answer to this demand. In this paper the author describes...
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The method of analysis of damage reinforced concrete beams using terrestial laser scanning
PublicationThe authors present an analysis of the possibility to assess deformations and mechanisms of destructing bent reinforced concrete beams using the terrestrial laser scanning. As part of the experiments carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Construction of the Concrete Structures Division of the Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty at Gdansk University of Technology, the reinforced concrete beams were subjected to destruction...
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Water absorption and blistering of glass fibre-reinforced polymer marine laminates with nanoparticle-modified coatings
PublicationMacro and microstructural damage was studied in typical glass fibre-reinforced polymer laminates with two types of coating systems – (a) isophtalic gel coat: pure or mixed with SiO2 nanoparticles 5 wt% (5%N) or 10 wt% (10%N) and (b) a two-layer coating system: urethane-modified vinyl ester-based gel coat and additional polyester barrier coat layer. Accelerated tests were performed at 50C for 50 days for specimens with nanoparticle-modified...
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Evaluation of the resistance of steel–concrete adhesive connection in reinforced concrete beams using guided wave propagation
PublicationThe development of the nondestructive diagnostic methods is of significant importance in the last decades. A special attention is paid to diagnostics of reinforced concrete structures, which are very popular in the civil engineering field. A possible use of the guided waves in the estimation of the resistance of steel–concrete adhesive connection is studied in the following paper. The relationships relating adhesive connection...
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DESIGN ERRORS CAUSE AN EMERGENCY OF THE REINFORCED CONCRETE TANK FOR COKE
PublicationThe quality of the developed design documentation and the maintenance of the technological regime during construction works have a decisive impact on the subsequent safety of the structure, as well as the safety of use of the building. The paper describes the defects and damages of an open, rectangular reinforced concrete tank for hot process water, which failed during a short period of operation. The article also presents the...
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Structural Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Beams Incorporating Waste Plastic Straws
PublicationThe behavior of reinforced concrete beams containing fibers made of waste plastic straws (WPSs) under the three point bending test is examined. The effect of WPS fiber addition on the compressive and split tensile strength is reported. Four concrete mixes were prepared. The control mix PS-0 had a proportion of 1 cement: 1 sand: 2 coarse aggregate and a water cement ratio of 0.4. In the other three mixes PS-0.5, PS-1.5 and PS-3,...
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Machine-Learning Methods for Estimating Performance of Structural Concrete Members Reinforced with Fiber-Reinforced Polymers
PublicationIn recent years, fiber-reinforced polymers (FRP) in reinforced concrete (RC) members have gained significant attention due to their exceptional properties, including lightweight construction, high specific strength, and stiffness. These attributes have found application in structures, infrastructures, wind power equipment, and various advanced civil products. However, the production process and the extensive testing required for...
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COMPUTER-AIDED CONSTRUCTION AT DESIGNING REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS AS PER EC
PublicationThe article presents the author’s computer program for designing and dimensioning columns in reinforced concrete structures taking into account phenomena affecting their behaviour and information referring to design as per EC. The computer program was developed with the use of C++ programming language. The program guides the user through particular dimensioning stages: from introducing basic data such as dimensions, concrete...
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Condition of Reinforced Concrete Structures and Their Degradation Mechanism at the Former Auschwitz Concentration and Extermination Camp
PublicationThis paper presents the results of investigations on reinforced concrete structures present in the former Auschwitz I and Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. Field inspection employing the non-destructive method of reinforcement potential measurement according to the ASTM-C 876–15 standard, followed by laboratory investigations performed on genuine historic reinforced concrete samples collected from the...
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THE METHOD OF ANALYSIS OF DAMAGE REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS USING TERRESTRIAL LASER SCANNING
PublicationThe authors present an analysis of the possibility to assess deformations and mode of failure of R-C beams using terrestrial laser scanning. As part of experiments carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Construction (at Gdansk University of Technology), reinforced concrete beams were subjected to destruction by bending and by shear. The process of press impact on the reinforced concrete beam was recorded using terrestrial laser...
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Reference-free determination of debonding length in reinforced concrete beams using guided wave propagation
PublicationThis paper presents theoretical and experimental investigations of guided wave propagation in reinforced concrete beams, with pre-existing debonding between steel rebars and concrete blocks, for the purpose of damage detection. The primary aim of these investigations was a detailed analysis of the possible applications of wave propagation in single and multiple debonding detection in reinforced concrete structures and reference-free...
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RMS-based damage detection in reinforced concrete beams: numerical simulations
PublicationImage-based damage detection methods using guided waves are well known and widely applied approaches in structural diagnostics. They are usually utilized in detection of surface damages or defects of plate-like structures. The article presents results of the study of applicability of imaging wave-based methods in detection in miniscule internal damage in the form of debonding. The investigations were carried out on numerical models...
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Debonding Size Estimation in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Guided Wave-Based Method
PublicationThe following paper presents the results of the theoretical and experimental analysis of the influence of debonding size on guided wave propagation in reinforced concrete beams. The main aim of the paper is a development of a novel, baseline-free method for determining the total area of debonding between steel rebar embedded in a concrete cover on the basis of the average wave velocity or the time of flight. The correctness of...
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Modes of Failure Analysis in Reinforced Concrete Beam Using Laser Scanning and Synchro-Photogrammetry
PublicationThe following paper reveal the limitations and possibilities of terrestrial laser scanning technology adaptation in diagnostics of reinforced concrete beams. In this paper, authors present potential spectrum of TLS use in modes of failure analysis of R-C beams and determines under which conditions the laser technologies might be applied. Research was carried out at the Regional Laboratory of Structural Engineering at Gdansk University...
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Influence of effective width of flange on calculation and reinforcement dimensioning of beam of reinforced concrete frame
PublicationThe paper analyses the influence of modelling the cross-section of a beam in two-storey reinforced concrete frame of industrial warehouse with dimensions: 18.0 m × 32.0 m using bar elements on the results of bending moments, the value of elastic deflection and the dimensioning of reinforcement due to bending. Six options were considered: a beam as a rectangular section and five T-beam variants with different definitions of effective...
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Restoration and preservation of the reinforced concrete poles of fence at the former Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp
PublicationThe objective of this study was to assess the present state of the reinforced concrete poles of fence at the former Auschwitz I and Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. The poles were subjected to renovation about 10 years ago. After this time some deficiencies of applied renovation method were noticed. Cracks appeared between fresh and original part of concrete cover. Analysis of the reasons of these failures...
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Restoration and preservation of the reinforced concrete poles of fence at the former Auschwitz concentration and extermination camp
PublicationThe objective of this study was to assess the present state of the reinforced concrete poles of fence at the former Auschwitz I and Auschwitz II-Birkenau concentration and extermination camp. The poles were subjected to renovation about 10 years ago. After this time some deficiencies of applied renovation method were noticed. Cracks appeared between fresh and original part of concrete cover. Analysis of the reasons of these failures...
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Baseline-free debonding detection in reinforced concrete structures by elastic wave propagation
PublicationThe article presents the results of the numerical and experimental analysis concerning wave propagation in reinforced concrete (RC) beams with various extent of debonding between the steel rod and concrete cover. The main aim of the paper was to consider the unsolved research gaps, which considerably limit the application of wave-based methods in practice. The propagation of the flexural wave modes excited and registered on the...
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Aluminium Profile Reinforced with Carbon Fibre: Numerical Analysis
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Numerical modeling of GPR field in damage detection of a reinforced concrete footbridge
PublicationThe paper presents a study on the use of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) method in diagnostics of a footbridge. It contains experimental investigations and numerical analyses of the electromagnetic field propagation using the finite difference time domain method (FDTD). The object of research was a reinforced concrete footbridge over a railway line. The calculations of the GPR field propagation were performed on a selected cross-section...