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Search results for: REVERSE PHASE COLUMN
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PHASE OBJECT OBSERVATION SYSTEM BASED ON DIFFRACTION PHASE MICROSCOPY
PublicationIn the paper authors present a special measurement system for observing phase objects. The diffraction phas microscopy makes it possible to measure the dimensions of a tested object with a nanometre resolution. To meet this requirement, it is proposed to apply a spatial transform. The proposed setup can be based either on a two lenses system (called 4 f ) or a Wollaston prism. Both solutions with all construction aspects are described...
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Hybrid Algorithm to Protect Java’s Code from Reverse Engineering
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Formulating a defensive technique to prevent the threat of prohibited reverse engineering
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RNS reverse converter based on the new chinese remainder theorem.
PublicationPrzeanalizowano złożoność układu cyfrowego opartego na nowej odmianie chińskiego twierdzenia o resztach.
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Potential of nanocomposites of zero valent copper and magnetite with Eleocharis dulcis biochar for packed column and batch scale removal of Congo red dye
PublicationThe current study is the first attempt to prepare nanocomposites of Eleocharis dulcis biochar (EDB) with nano zero-valent Copper (nZVCu/EDB) and magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs/EDB) for batch and column scale sequestration of Congo Red dye (CR) from synthetic and natural water. The adsorbents were characterized with advanced analytical techniques. The impact of EDB, MNPs/EDB and nZVCu/EDB dosage (1–4 g/L), pH (4–10), initial concentration...
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Influence of stirrups in a concrete shell on strengthening reinforced concrete column
PublicationTwelve concrete columns, with a 150x150mm square section and three columns with a circular section (d=200mm), are tested to investigate the effect of strengthening by RC jacket. Based on a confined concrete model for axial static loading, an analytical methods, reported in the literature are proposed to predict the behavior of columns with RC jacket. The results support the conception that the effect of strengthening depends...
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Oxygen accumulation rate with and without live bacteria in column bioreactors
PublicationBadano wnikanie i akumulację tlenu w reaktorach airlift z cyrkulacją zewnetrzną. Stosowano reaktory z odwrotną warstwą fluidalną w strefie opadania, warstwą fluidalną w strefie wznoszenia oraz reaktor z cyrkulującą zawiesiną. Badano wpływ prędkości przepływu powietrza oraz stężenia cząstek stałych na szybkośc akumulacji tlenu w cieczy w reaktorach nie zawierających bakterii oraz w obecności bakterii Acinetobacter calcoaceticus...
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THE INTERACTION BETWEEN STEEL COLUMN CHORD AND CLOSELY SPACED REINFORCEMENT.
PublicationNowadays, more often than before, civil engineering designers are willing to use steel build-up members composed of single or doubled cold-formed chords interconnected using different mechanical connectors. This paper subject is an analysis of cooperation of a closely spaced built-up cold-formed chord interconnected with series of bolts that are located along the length of the member in a specific spacing. This distance along the...
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Determination of the shape of the CFGFT cylindrical column based on laboratory tests
PublicationAnalyses were carried out on glass-fibre-reinforced polymer tube columns with reference to laboratory tests. The angles of the glass fibre beams were 20◦, 55◦ and 85◦. The study employed non-classical operational calculus. Various modulated harmonic signal shapes were considered for columns and tubes at buckling. The buckling loads were assessed and compared for different models.
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Pilot plant studies on the removal of trihalomethanes by composite reverse osmosis membranes
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Reverse flow routing problem solved by the Space-Time Conservation Method
PublicationW artykule rozpatruje się zagadnienie odwrotnej transformacji przepływów dla przypadku przepływu nieustalonego wolno zmiennego w kanałach otwartych, opisanego układem równań de Saint Venanta. Przedstawiono specyficzne dla rozpatrywanego przypadku problemy powstające na etapie jego rozwiązywania oraz zaproponowano efektywny algorytm obliczeniowy, wykorzystujący nową, atrakcyjną metodę czasoprzestrzennych objętości skończonych. Do...
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Asynchronous phase-location system
PublicationThis paper presents concept and implementation of digital phase-location system, designed as a navigational aid for marine applications. The main feature of the proposed system is the ability to work in both synchronous mode, with one master station and set of slave stations synchronised with master, and in asynchronous mode with independent clocking of all stations.
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Integrated Three-Level Dual-Phase Inverter
PublicationIn view of reducing the number of inverter legs that provide dual-phase, three-level output voltages (as may be needed in an uninterruptible power supply), and that also provide a wide range of output frequencies (as needed in an advanced motor drive system with wide speed ranges), a three-level, dual-phase inverter topology is presented in this paper. Its three-level attribute was based on the F-type inverter topological concept,...
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Determination of Butyltin Species in Sea Water Samples Using Solid Phase Extraction Followed by Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
PublicationReverse phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC)-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS-MS) was evaluated for the analysis of TBT using solid phase extraction as sample preparation method. TBT was extracted from acidified water samples (spiked with tripropyltin as internal standard) using reversed phase polymeric Strata-X cartridges. Analytes were eluted from cartridges using acetonitrile-water mixture and the volume...
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Miniaturized solid-phase extraction techniques
PublicationMore than 80% of analysis time is spent on sample collection and sample preparation, so sample preparation is a critical part of the analytical process. Traditionally, liquid-liquid extraction was developed and employed to screen for general unknowns. However, solid-phase extraction (SPE) is becoming highly popular as an alternative, due to its simplicity and economy in terms of time and solvent. This review summarizes the current...
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A research on the optimal conditions for separation and identyfication of the components from the Droseraceae extracts by column liquid chromatography
PublicationThe isolation of the components with anticipated biological properties i.e. antimicrobial, fungicidal, antioxidant and perhaps anticancer activity is for many years a one of the biggest issues of modern separation science. Their obtaining based on the isolation of the components with the biological activity from in vitro cultured plants by extraction techniques is often more difficult than their production by the chemical synthesis.The...
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New Polymeric Materials for Solid Phase Extraction
PublicationSolid phase extraction (SPE) is a popular sample preparation technique, which can be applied directly in gas–solid phase and liquid–solid phase, or indirectly to solid samples by using, e.g., thermodesorption with subsequent chromatographic analysis. Although SPE can be described as a physical extraction process involving a liquid phase and a solid phase, the increased use of packed sorbent formats seems to have led to a bias toward...
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THE PHASE SHIFTERS INFLUENCE ON THE POWER SYSTEM STABILITY
PublicationThe paper presents the effect of phase shifters as FACTS devices on the possibility of improving the angle stability. Presented results obtained by the dynamic simulation performed on the mathematical model of the three machine system cooperating with the 400 kV network. The generative blocks models include turbine models with their controllers and models of synchronous generators with their excitation systems and voltage regulation....
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Torsional buckling of thin walled I beam column with warping stiffeners.
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Buckling and post-buckling behavior of column with central non-linear restraint
PublicationW pracy bada się wyboczenie giętne i zachowanie pokrytyczne ściskanego osiowo pręta z nieliniową sprężystą podporą w środku rozpiętości przęsła. Rozwiązanie problemu wyznaczono za pomocą metody małego parametru. Podano przykład numeryczny wyboczenia i zachowania pokrytycznego swobodnie podpartego pręta z nieliniową sprężytą podporą w środku rozpiętości. Wykazano istotny wpływ nieliniowości podpory na zachowanie pokrytyczne pręta.
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Production of fine droplet emulsions in the agitated draft-tube column reactor
PublicationBadano rozkłady wielkości kropel emulsji woda - olej parafinowy w reaktorze dwukolumnowym z mieszaniem w kolumnie wewnętrznej jako strefie wznoszenia. Stosując model dyspersyjny w układzie zamkniętym z całkowitą recyrkulacją, wyznaczono obwodowe i strefowe współczynniki dyspersji
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Preparation of silver nanoparticles in reverse micelles and antibacterial activity of silver modified-paints
PublicationW publikacji została opisana metoda otrzymywania nanocząstek srebra oraz farb modyfikowanych srebrem i ich wpływ na zahamowanie rozwoju wybranych bakterii i grzybów. Podjęto również próbę porównania wpływu rodzaju prekursora srebra oraz substancji powierzchniowo czynnej na stabilność otrzymanych nanocząstek srebra. Przygotowane mikroemulsje zawierały od 500 do 2000 ppm srebra
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Low Frequency Noise Measurement of Reverse Polarized Silicon Carbide Schottky Diodes
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki pomiaró szumów cz. wstecznie spolaryzowanych diod Schottky'ego.
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Phase transition of a dimorphic fungus Penicillium marneffei
PublicationPenicillium marneffei is a pathogenic fungus that afflicts immunocompromised individuals who live or travel in Southeast Asia. This species is unique, because it is the only dimorphic member of the genus Penicillium. Dimorphism results from a process, termed phase transition, which is regulated by temperature of incubation. At room temperature, the fungus grows filamentously (mould phase), but at body temperature (37°C), a uninucleate...
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On phase equilibrium of an elastic liquid shell with wedge disclination
PublicationBased on the six-parameter shell theory we consider the phase equilibrium of a two-phase liquid membrane containing a wedge disclination. The considered problems are related to modelling of phase transitions in biological or lipid membranes. In order to capture the membrane behaviour we consider a special case of elastic shells which energy is invariant under major transformations of a reference configuration and can be treated...
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Automated Design of Linear Phase Filters
PublicationThis paper presents a fast technique for an automated design of microwave filters with linear phase. The proposed method exploits the cost function defined using the location of complex zeros and poles of the filter’s transfer and reflection function. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is presented with two illustrative examples.
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Critical behaviour of the smectic A*–C* phase transition and electroclinic effect of ferroelectric liquid crystals with terphenyl rigid core
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Stability and phase transition investigation of olanzapine polymorphs
PublicationWe use electrical embedded-fragment QM method with both DFT/ωB97XD/6-31G* and MP2/6-31G* to investigate the phase transformations of olanzapine. Gibbs free energy calculations predict that form I is always the most stable structure and form II is the least stable one, while form IV is more stable than form III below about 200 K but less stable above this temperature, implying a polymorphic phase transformation. This may account...
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Liquid–phase microextraction: A review of reviews
PublicationSample preparation is an important step in chemical analysis. It is generally done to deal with problems associated with the nature of the matrix, low analyte concentrations in real samples or analyte features incompatible with the instrumentation. Classical methods of extraction consume large volumes of hazardous solvents and other reagents and are not in line with the recent emergence of green analytical chemistry. Liquid-phase...
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Research on the separation properties of empty-column gas chromatography (EC-GC) and conditions for simulated distillation (SIMDIS)
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigations on new procedures of determination of selected cleaning additives in diesel fuel. Two procedures: one-step analysis using gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID) or mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and a two-step procedure in which normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (NP-HPLC) was used for preliminary separation of the additives, were compared. The additive...
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Rapid and Green Separation of Mono- and Diesters of Monochloropropanediols by Ultrahigh Performance Supercritical Fluid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Using Neat Carbon Dioxide as a Mobile Phase
PublicationThis study demonstrates the effect of column selectivity and density of supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) on the separation of monochloropropanediol (MCPD) esters, known as food toxicants, using SC-CO2 without addition of cosolvent in ultrahigh performance supercritical fluid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UHPSFC-MS). This study shows that over 20 2-monochloropropanediol (2-MCPD) and 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD) mono-...
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Phase-difference positioning in asynchronous system
PublicationThis paper presents concept and implementation of digital positioning system based on phase difference measurements, designed as a navigational aid for marine applications. Main feature of proposed system is the ability to work in both synchronous mode, with one master station and set of slave stations synchronized with master, and in asynchronous mode with independent clocking of all stations.
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Superconductivity in the Nb-Ru-Ge σ phase
PublicationWe show that the previously unreported ternary σ-phase material Nb20.4Ru5.7Ge3.9 (Nb0.68Ru0.19Ge0.13) is a superconductor with a critical temperature of 2.2 K. Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, resistance, and specific-heat measurements were used to characterize the superconducting transition. The Sommerfeld constant γ for Nb20.4Ru5.7Ge3.9 is 91 mJ mol f.u. −1K−2 (∼3 mJ mol atom−1 K−2) and the specific-heat anomaly at...
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Chromatographic lipophilicity determination using large volume injections of the solvents non-miscible with the mobile phase
PublicationA new perspective in the lipophilicity evaluation through RP-HPLC is permitted by analysis of the retentionfactor (k) obtained by injecting large volumes of test samples prepared in solvents immiscible withmobile phase. The experiment is carried out on representative groups of compounds with increasedtoxicity (mycotoxins and alkaloids) and amines with important biological activity (naturally occurringmonoamine compounds and related...
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Phase Transition in a Sequence-Structure Channel
PublicationWe study an interesting channel which maps binary sequences to self-avoiding walks in the two-dimensional grid, inspired by a model of protein folding from statistical physics. The channel is characterized by a Boltzmann/Gibbs distribution with a free parameter corresponding to temperature. We estimate the conditional entropy between the input sequence and the output fold, giving an upper bound which exhibits an unusual phase transition...
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Effect of Chitosan Solution on Low-Cohesive Soil’s Shear Modulus G Determined through Resonant Column and Torsional Shearing Tests
PublicationIn this study the effect of using a biopolymer soil stabilizer on soil stiffness characteristics was investigated. Chitosan is a bio-waste material that is obtained by chemical treatment of chitin (a chemical component of fungi or crustaceans’ shells). Using chitosan solution as a soil stabilizer is based on the assumption that the biopolymer forms temporary bonds with soil particles. What is important is that these bonds are biodegradable,...
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Hybrid Obfuscation Technique to Protect Source Code From Prohibited Software Reverse Engineering
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Boundary value problems with advanced arguments involving upper and lower solutions in reverse order
PublicationPraca dotyczy problemów brzegowych dla równań różniczkowo-całkowych pierwszego rzędu z argumentami wyprzedzonymi. Podano wystarczające warunki, dla których problemy dotyczące takich równań mają rozwiązania minimalne i maksymalne w odpowiadającym obszarze ograniczonym przez rozwiązania górne i dolne. W celu uzyskania wyników zastosowano nową metodę opartą na twierdzeniu Heikkila-Lakshmikantham'a. Wyniki zilustrowano na przykładzie.
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The Application of Cellulose Acetate Membranes for Separation of Fermentation Broths by the Reverse Osmosis: A Feasibility Study
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Trimethylamine N-oxide and the reverse cholesterol transport in cardiovascular disease: a cross-sectional study
PublicationThe early atherosclerotic lesions develop by the accumulation of arterial foam cells derived mainly from cholesterol-loaded macrophages. Therefore, cholesterol and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) have been considered as causative in atherosclerosis. Moreover, recent studies indicate the role of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The current study aimed to investigate the association...
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Experimental Study and Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Column Having an Opening
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Analysis of the Hydrodynamic Properties of the 3-Column Spar Platform for Offshore Wind Turbines
PublicationThe article presents a design of a floating platform for offshore wind turbines. The concept is a modification of the Spar design and consists of three variable section columns connected to each other by a ballast tank in the lower part of the platform. This solution makes it possible to influence the position of the centre of buoyancy and the centre of mass of the structure. Compared to the classic Spar platform structure, the...
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MgPdSb─An Electron-Deficient Half-Heusler Phase
PublicationThe half-Heusler family consists of many semiconducting intermetallic compounds, virtually all of them having a valence electron count (VEC) of 18. We have studied an electron-deficient (VEC = 17) phase MgPdSb and its Pd-stuffed variant MgPd1.25Sb. The cubic F4̅3m crystal structure was confirmed by the Rietveld refinement of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) data. The lattice parameter is a = 6.284 and 6.335 Å for MgPdSb and MgPd1.25Sb,...
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Digital phase-location system for marine applications
PublicationThis paper presents concept and implementation of digital phase-location system, designed as a navigational aid for marine applications. Main feature of proposed system is the ability to work in both synchronous mode, with one master station and set of slave stations synchronized with master, and in asynchronous mode with independent clocking of all stations.
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Switching Regulation in the Control of 5-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Fed by 3×5 Direct Matrix Converter
PublicationMatrix converter is an AC-AC direct power converter comprising of an array of bi- directional switches. It does not require an intermediate DC-link and allows sinusoidal output waveforms with varying amplitudes and frequencies. The configuration of these bi- directional switches decides the number of inputs and outputs...
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On Kinetic Nature of Hysteresis Phenomena in Stress-Induced Phase Transformations
PublicationA simplest model is developed which demonstrates that hysteresis phenomena in stress-induced phase transformations may have a kinetic nature and follow from the discrepancy between strain rate and characteristic rate of the new phase growth.
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Open-Phase Fault Detection Method for Sensorless Five-Phase Induction Motor Drives with an Inverter Output Filter
PublicationThe paper presents the sensorless five-phase induction motor drive implementation with an inverter output filter with third harmonic injection. For the sensorless operation, the required observers are presented for the first and third harmonics with consideration of the inverter output filter. Moreover, the interaction of the observers and the control system is capable to handle a deactivation of one or two phases, which improves...
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Influence of the air phase on water flow in dikes
PublicationNumerical models are often used to describe flow and deformation processes occurring in dikes during flood events. Modeling of such phenomena is a challenging task, due to the complexity of the system, consisting of three material phases: soil skeleton, pore water and pore air. Additional difficulties are transient loading caused by variable in time water levels, heterogeneity of the soil or air...
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Extended non-linear relations of elastic shells undergoing phase transitions
PublicationThe non-linear theory of elastic shells undergoing phase transitions was proposed by two first authors in J. Elast. 79, 67-86 (2004). In the present paper the theory is extended by taking into account also the elastic strain energy density of the curvilinear phase interface as well as the resultant forces and couples acting along the interface surface curve itself. All shell relations are found from the variational principle of...
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Principles and Developments of Solid-Phase Microextraction
PublicationSample preparation has been commonly considered a critical step of the analytical process. In this sense, remarkable efforts have been made to develop efficient sample preparation techniques which could overcome the limitations of conventional approaches. Since its inception in the early 1990’s, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has become a widespread miniaturized sample preparation technique for extraction and preconcentration...