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Search results for: carbon electrode
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Weldability of Underwater Wet-Welded HSLA Steel: Effects of Electrode Hydrophobic Coatings
PublicationThe paper presents the effects of waterproof coatings use to cover electrodes on the weldability of high-strength, low-alloy (HSLA) steel in water. With the aim of improving the weldability of S460N HSLA steel in water, modifications of welding filler material were chosen. The surfaces of electrodes were covered by different hydrophobic substances. The aim of the controlled thermal severity (CTS) test was to check the influence...
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Closing the loop: Upcycling secondary waste materials into nanoarchitectured carbon composites for the electrochemical degradation of pharmaceuticals
PublicationIn this study, we demonstrated the application of electrochemical oxidation as a safer and cleaner technology for minimizing the impact of pharmaceuticals in wastewaters, simultaneously mediated by upcycled secondary waste materials (SWMs)-derived electrodes, to further reduce their environmental impact. The modularity, scalability, ease of operation and reliability make electrochemical oxidation an ideal process for the destruction...
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Effect of shielded electrode wet welding conditions on diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal
PublicationWet welding is the most popular method of joining in water enviroment. During underwater welding, the weldability of steel is limited by the higher cooling rates and hydrogen content in weld metal. Article presents results of preliminary tests on the effects of wet welding conditions on diffusible hydrogen amount. Seven parameters were optimized using a Plackett-Burman plan to get the most relevant variables. These parameters were:...
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SILICA AEROGEL TOWARDS ANODES FOR LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
PublicationAn increasing demand for electrochemical energy storage and conversion devices stimulates progress in research on electrode and electrolyte materials. In the field of electrodes materials, silicon is the one of the most promising anode materials for Li-ion batteries. However silicon has the drastic volume variation (around 3 times lower on extraction) during insertion and extraction of lithium ions. As an alternative, nanocomposites...
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Locust bean gum as green and water-soluble binder for LiFePO4 and Li4Ti5O12 electrodes
PublicationLocust Bean Gum (LBG, carob bean gum) was investigated as an environmentally friendly, natural, and water-soluble binder for cathode (LFP) and anode (LTO) in lithium-ion batteries (Li-ion). For the frst time, we show LBG as an electrode binder and compare to those of the most popular aqueous (CMC) and conventional (PVDF) binders. The electrodes were characterized using TGA/DSC, the galvanostatic charge–discharge cycle test, cyclic...
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Ellipsometry study of oxide formation on Cu electrode in 0.1 M NaOH
PublicationPrzedstawiono przykład zastosowania techniki elipsometrii monochromatycznej w celu określenia dynamiki wzrostu warstw tlenkowych i wodorotlenkowych na miedzi w środowisku 0.1M NaOH. Badania te stanowią część projektu skupiającego się na oznaczeniu fizycznych i elektrycznych własności tlenku miedzi (I) oraz tlenku miedzi (II) podczas procesu formowania się warstwy. Jednoczesne pomiary elipsometryczne i impedancyjne są nowatorskie...
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Ellipsometric study of oxide formation on Cu electrode in 0.1 M NaOH
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Theoretical description of fundamental-harmonic impedance of a two-step electrode reaction
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Collection efficiency in narrow electrostatic precipitators with a longitudinal or transverse wire electrode
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Digital harmonic analysis of cadmium ion reduction on a dropping mercury electrode
PublicationBadano redukcję jonów kadmu na rtęciowej elektrodzie kroplowej. Jako pobudzenie zastosowano sinusoidalny sygnał napięciowy nałożony na liniowo zmieniający się potencjał dc. Przeprowadzono analizę czasowo-częstotliwościową prądu polarograficznego dla reakcji redukcji jonu kadmu na rtęciowej elektrodzie kroplowej. Klasyczna transformacja Fouriera prowadzi do dekompozycji prądu polarograficznego na składowe harmoniczne. Harmoniczne...
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Special techniques and future perspectives: Simultaneous macro- and micro-electrode recordings
PublicationThere are many approaches to studying the inner workings of the brain and its highly interconnected circuits. One can look at the global activity in different brain structures using non-invasive technologies like positron emission tomography (PET) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which measure physiological changes, e.g. in the glucose uptake or blood flow. These can be very effectively used to localize active patches...
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In-situ and ex-situ resistance measurements of polypyrrole film using double-band electrode
PublicationMany in-situ techniques are performed in order to determine the resistance of conducting polymer film. However, the resistance measured in solution can be the combination of polymer resistance and that of other components, such as resistance of supporting electrolyte. Therefore, in this work, the influence of the solution on the resistance of polypyrrole (PPy) film has been studied. PPy film was electrchemically synthesized onto...
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Synthesis, characterization, and interactions of single-walled carbon nanotubes modified with doxorubicin with Langmuir–Blodgett biomimetic membranes
PublicationThe synthesis, characterization, and the influence of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) modified with an anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOx) on the properties of model biological membrane as well as the comparison of the two modes of modification has been presented. The drug was covalently attached to the nanotubes either preferentially on the sides or at the ends of the nanotubes by the formation of hydrazone bond. The efficiency...
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Boron-Enhanced Growth of Micron-Scale Carbon-Based Nanowalls: A Route toward High Rates of Electrochemical Biosensing
PublicationIn this study, we have demonstrated the fabrication of novel materials called boron-doped carbon nanowalls (B:CNWs), which are characterized by remarkable electrochemical properties such as high standard rate constant (k°), low peak-to-peak separation value (ΔE) for the oxidation and reduction processes of the [Fe(CN)6]3–/4– redox system, and low surface resistivity. The B:CNW samples were deposited by the microwave plasma-assisted...
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EHD Flow Measured by 2D PIV in a Narrow Electrostatic Precipitator with Longitudinal Wire Electrode
PublicationIn this paper, results of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow patterns in two narrow ESPs with longitudinally-to-flow wire electrode arepresented. The influence of the ESP geometry on the EHD flow generated in the ESP was investigated. The results obtained from 2-dimensional(2D) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) showed similarities and differences of the particle flow in the wire-plate and wire-cylinder type ESP.
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Poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) as a biodegradable binder in a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries
PublicationIn this work, graphite-based negative electrode for lithium-ion battery consisting a novel and biodegradable binder poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) is compared with standard graphite electrode with polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as a binder. The rate and cycling performance of lithium ion insertion/extraction of electrodes with PHBV in a half-cell configuration are evaluated. Moreover, on the basis of the electrochemical...
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Reliable renewable energy – application of electrochemical capacitors for electrical energy storage
PublicationThis paper presents electrical energy storage devices such as electrochemical capacitors, their principle of operation and electrode materials most commonly used in their manufacturing technology. Moreover, our research on development of new nanocomposite materials based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes and conducting polymer is shown. Additionally, the possibility and advantages of application of supercapacitors for accumulation...
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The Influence of Iron Doping on Performance of SrTi1-XFexO3-δ Perovskite Oxygen Electrode for SOFC
PublicationSolid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are based on electrolytes and mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (MIEC) materials. The need to reduce costs causes an increase in interest of new compounds suitable for operating temperatures between 600 °C and 800 °C. The SrTi1-xFexO3 (STF) perovskite material is a perspective material that could be used for the oxygen electrodes. In this work STF materials with different content of iron (x =...
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Study on surface termination of boron-doped diamond electrodes under anodic polarization in H2SO4 by means of dynamic impedance technique
PublicationAnodic oxidation is a popular way to modify termination bonds at boron doped diamond electrodes altering their electrochemical and physicochemical properties. Our studies, performed with dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy technique, supported with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ellipsometry analysis prove its utility in continuous on-line monitoring of impedance changes on the electrode surface under polarization...
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Electrochemical Production of Sodium Hypochlorite from Salty Wastewater Using a Flow-by Porous Graphite Electrode
PublicationThe production of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) from salty wastewater using an electrochemical cell has several advantages over other methods that often require hazardous chemicals and generate toxic waste, being more sustainable and environmentally friendly. However, the process of producing sodium hypochlorite using an electrochemical cell requires careful control of the operating conditions, such as the current density, flow rate,...
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3D porous graphene-based structures- synthesis and applications
PublicationPorous carbon-based materials are of the great industrial and academic interest due to their high surface area, low density, good electrical conductivity, chemical inertness and low cost of fabrication. Up to now, the main approach to obtain porous carbon structures has involved the pyrolysis of carbonaceous natural or synthetic precursors. After the isolation of graphene, the interest in 3D porous graphene-based structures (called...
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Influence of the analyzing window on electrode impedance measurement by the continuous frequency scanning method
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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors
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Solid electrolyte gas sensors based on cyclic voltammetry with one active electrode
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań elektrokatalitycznego czujnika gazów toksycznych z jedną elektrodą aktywną.
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Influence of the analyzing window on electrode impedance measurement by thecontinuous freqency scanning method
PublicationPrzeprowadzono pomiary impedancyjne modelowego układu elektrycznego RC techniką ciągłego skanowania częstotliwościowego. Wyznaczono impedancję modelowego układu dla różnych okien analizujących oraz ich różnych wielkości. Wyznaczone dla różnych okien analizujących wartości R i C porównywano z wartościami rzeczywistymi. Stwierdzono wpływ rodzaju okna analizującego oraz jego długość na dokładność otrzymywanych wyników.
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Non-Contact Monitoring of ECG in the Home Environment—Selecting Optimal Electrode Configuration
PublicationCapacitive electrocardiography (cECG) is most often used in wearable or embedded measurement systems. The latter is considered in the paper. An optimal electrocardiographic lead, as an individual feature, was determined based on model studies. It was defined as the possibly highest value of the R-wave amplitude measured on the back of the examined person. The lead configuration was also analyzed in terms of minimizing its susceptibility...
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Performance and Stability in H2S of SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ as Electrode in Proton Ceramic Fuel Cells
PublicationThe H2S-tolerance of SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ (SFM) electrodes has been investigated in symmetric proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFC) with BaZr0.8Ce0.1Y0.1O3-δ (BZCY81) electrolyte. The ionic conductivity of the electrolyte under wet reducing conditions was found to be insignificantly affected in the presence of up to 5000 ppm H2S. The fuel cell exhibited an OCV of about 0.9 V at 700 °C, which dropped to about 0.6 V and 0.4 V upon exposure...
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Solid-phase microextraction and ion chromatographic analysis of anions based on polypyrrole electrode
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Zirconia-based mixed potential sensor with Pt electrode prepared by spin-coating of polymeric precursor
PublicationMany types of yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) based gas sensors have been explored extensively in recent years. Great attention have been directed to mixed-potential-type gas sensors. It is due to growing concerns with environmental issues. Not without a significance is the fact of very attractive performance of this type of sensor allowing to detect low concentration of pollutant gases. In this paper two types of YSZ based mixed-potential...
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EHD Flow Measured by 2D PIV in a Narrow Electrostatic Precipitator with Longitudinally-to-flow Wire Electrode
PublicationIn this paper, results of the electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow patterns in two narrow ESPs with longitudinally-to-flow wire electrode are presented. The influence of the ESP geometry on the EHD flow generated in the ESP was investigated. The results obtained from 2 dimensional (2D) Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) showed similarities and differences of the particle flow in the wire-plate and wire-cylinder type ESP.
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Nanoporous TiO2 electrode grown by laser ablation of titanium in air at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
PublicationRecently, fabrication of the nanoporous TiO2 photoelectrode on metal foils by means of sputtering of the Ti film on preheatedmetal substrate followed by the TiO2 deposition (doctor blade technique) and sintering represents the frequently applied technique. This is despite the relatively complicated procedure and number of parameters to be controlled in order to fabricate films of required properties. In this work an approach is...
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Tailoring Defects in B, N-Codoped Carbon Nanowalls for Direct Electrochemical Oxidation of Glyphosate and its Metabolites
PublicationTailoring the defects in graphene and its related carbon allotropes has great potential to exploit their enhanced electrochemical properties for energy applications, environmental remediation, and sensing. Vertical graphene, also known as carbon nanowalls (CNWs), exhibits a large surface area, enhanced charge transfer capability, and high defect density, making it suitable for a wide range of emerging applications. However, precise...
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Pumping effect measured by PIV method in a multilayer spike electrode EHD device for air cleaning
PublicationDust particles can be harmful for human health when inhaled. Particularly dangerous are submicrometer dust particles, which can contain traces of toxic elements and can easily penetrate into the human respiratory system. Thus, efficient devices for the air cleaning from submicrometer dust particles are needed. Recently, Katatani and Mizuno have proposed an electrohydrody- namic (EHD) device for air cleaning for submicrometer particles....
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Tuning Electrochemical Performance by Microstructural Optimization of the Nanocrystalline Functional Oxygen Electrode Layer for Solid Oxide Cells
PublicationFurther development of solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) oxygen electrodes can be achieved through improvements in oxygen electrode design by microstructure miniaturisation alongside nanomaterials implementation. In this work, improved electrochemical performance of an La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-d (LSCF) cathode was achieved by the controlled modification of the La0.6Sr0.4CoO3-d (LSC) nanocrystalline interlayer introduced between a porous...
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Determination of pseudocapacitance chan ges of nickel oxide NiO electrode with use of dynamic electrochemical impedancje spectroscopy
PublicationThe electrochemical capacitors (ECs) are attractive energy storage devices which can be applied in many electronic products (e.g., cameras, laptops, cell phones) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The energy storage in ECs is based on capacitive (the electrical double layer charging/discharging) and pseudocapacitive (additional charge provided by faradic reaction) phenomena. Considering the electrodes exhibiting pseudocapacitance,...
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Higuchi fractal dimension analysis of surface EMG signals and determination of active electrode positions
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Electrode arrays applicable to EIT based mine detection: a comparison ofspatial sensitivity distribution.
PublicationPrzebadano trzy konfiguracje matryc elektrodowych. Określono optymalne wzorce pobudzeń oraz odpowiadające im rozkłady czułości.
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Application of the short time Fourier transformation to the continuous frequency method of measurement of electrode impedance
PublicationPrzedstawiona została nowa metoda pomiaru impedancji elektrodowej. Wykorzystuje ona jako pobudzenie niestacjonarny sygnał napięciowy, którego częstotliwość jest liniową funkcją czasu. Zastosowanie transformacji STFT do analizy napięciowego sygnału pobudzenia i odpowiedzi prądowej umożliwia wyznaczenie widma impedancyjnego. Dokładność otrzymywanych wartości impedancji uwarunkowana jest wielkością okna i zastosowanej funkcji analizującej.
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Development of iron doped strontium titanates as oxygen electrode for solid oxide fuel cells
PublicationProducing efficient solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) without the use of harmful elements is one of the current challenges. Increasing the safety of people and reducing production costs is possible, among others, thanks to the use of iron doped strontium titanates as porous oxygen electrodes. In this thesis, the results of research on iron doped strontium titanates as potential oxygen electrodes for SOFC are presented. The research...
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Structural and electrical transport properties of Pr-doped SrTi0.93Co0.07O3-δ a novel SOEC fuel electrode materials
PublicationSolid Oxide Electrolyzer Cells (SOECs) are very promising electrochemical devices for the production of syngas (H2/CO) by H2O and CO2 co-electrolysis. The structure, microstructure and electrical properties of the fuel electrode material play a crucial role in the performance of the whole cell and efficiency of electrocatalytic reduction of steam into hydrogen. In the present work, a novel Co and Pr co-doped SrTiO3-δ material attracted...
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Influence of the Square Wave Voltage on Dynamical Properties of a Flat Voltammetric Electrode in the Time Domain by the Electrochemical Reversible Reaction
PublicationIn this article there is a presentation of the analysis of the polarizing voltage shape influencing dynamic properties of voltammetric electrodes when on their surface reversible reaction takes place in the time domain. The electrode polarization with linearly increasing voltage and with a square component, was analyzed. The analysis that were conducted showed that the voltammetric electrode behaves like a first order transducer....
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Pumping effect measured by PIV method in multi-layer spike electrode EHD device for air cleaning
PublicationDust particles can be harmful for human health when inhaled. Especially dangerous are submicron dust particles, which can contain traces of toxic elements and can easily penetrate into human respiratory system. Thus, new devices for air cleaning are needed. In this work the flow velocity field patterns measured by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) method in an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) device for air cleaning are presented. The...
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Improvement of Oxygen Electrode Performance of Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Cells by Spray Pyrolysis Deposited Active Layers
PublicationIntermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells oxygen electrodes are modified by active interfacial layers. Spray pyrolysis is used to produce thin (≈500 nm) layers of mixed ionic and electronic conductors: Sm0.5Sr0.5CoO3−δ (SSC), La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−δ (LSC), La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3−δ (LSCF), and Pr6O11 (PrOx) on the electrode–electrolyte interface. The influence of the annealing temperature on the electrode polarization (area specific...
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Chestnut-Derived Activated Carbon as a Prospective Material for Energy Storage
PublicationIn this work, we present the preparation and characterization of biomass-derived activatedcarbon (AC) in view of its application as electrode material for electrochemical capacitors. Porouscarbons are prepared by pyrolysis of chestnut seeds and subsequent activation of the obtainedbiochar. We investigate here two activation methods, namely, physical by CO2and chemical usingKOH. Morphology, structure and specific surface area (SSA)...
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Tailoring Diffusional Fields in Zwitterion/Dopamine Copolymer Electropolymerized at Carbon Nanowalls for Sensitive Recognition of Neurotransmitters
PublicationThe importance of neurotransmitter sensing in the diagnosis and treatment of many psychological illnesses and neurodegenerative diseases is non-negotiable. For electrochemical sensors to become widespread and accurate, a long journey must be undertaken for each device, from understanding the materials at the molecular level to real applications in biological fluids. We report a modification of diamondized boron-doped carbon nanowalls...
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Optical monitoring of electrochemical processes with ITO-based lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor applied as an electrode
PublicationIn this work we discuss the application of optical fiber sensors based on lossy-mode resonance (LMR) phenomenon for real-time optical monitoring of electrochemical processes. The sensors were obtained by a reactive high power impulse magnetron sputtering of indium tin oxide (ITO) on a 2.5 cm-long core of polymer-clad silica fibers. The LMR effect made monitoring of changes in optical properties of both ITO and its surrounding medium...
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Ultrasensitive electrochemical determination of the cancer biomarker protein sPD-L1 based on a BMS-8-modified gold electrode
PublicationThis work describes the modification of a gold electrode with the BMS-8 compound that interacts with the Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1), an immune checkpoint protein. The results show that we can confirm the presence of the sPD-L1 in the concentration range of 10−18 to 10−8 M using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.87 × 10−14 M for PD-L1 (S/N = 3.3) and at a concentration of 10−14...
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Conductive printable electrodes tuned by boron-doped nanodiamond foil additives for nitroexplosive detection
PublicationAn efficient additive manufacturing-based composite material fabrication for electrochemical applications is reported. The composite is composed of commercially available graphene-doped polylactide acid (G-PLA) 3D printouts and surface- functionalized with nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond foil (NDF) additives. The NDFs were synthesized on a tantalum substrate and transferred to the 3D-printout surface at 200 °C. No other electrode...
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Phospholipid-functionalized gold electrode for cellular membrane interface studies - interactions between DMPC bilayer and human cystatin C
PublicationThis work describes the electrochemical studies on the interactions between V57G mutant of human cystatin C (hCC V57G) and membrane bilayer immobilized on the surface of a gold electrode. The electrode was modified with 6-mercaptohexan-1-ol (MCH) and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC). DMPC was used as a membrane mimetic for monitoring electrochemical changes resulting from the interactions between the functionalized...
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Determination of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) at Boron-doped Diamond (BDD) Sensor by Means of Amperometric Technique
PublicationA boron-doped diamond (BDD) sensor was proposed for effective detection of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by means of amperometric technique. Thin boron doped diamond active sensor layer was deposited on Si wafer and glassy carbon substrate by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MW PE CVD). The structure of BDD was confirmed by Raman spectra analysis. Broad Raman bands centered at 482 cm-1 and 1219 cm-1 are typical...