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Search results for: sliding mode control
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Human Factors in designing the Instrumentation and Control Systems Important to Safety
PublicationThis work addresses selected aspects of human factors in designing the instrumentation and control (I&C) systems important to safety as a part of the functional safety management of industrial hazardous plants, in particular nuclear power plants. As it is known in such plants a concept of “defence in depth” (D-in-D) is widely applied and some layers of protection are designed with regard to functional safety (FS) concept given...
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Acoustic field and the entropy mode induced by it in a waveguide filled with some non-equilibrium gases
PublicationThe non-linear propagation of an acoustic beam in a rectangular waveguide is considered. The medium of sound propagation, is a gas where thermodynamically non-equilibrium processes take place: such as exothermic chemical reactions or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. The incident and reflected compounds of the acoustic field do not interact in the leading order in the case of periodic weakly nonlinear sound...
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Implementation and Validation of Multisinusoidal, Fast Impedance Measurements in Atomic Force Microscope Contact Mode
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Sulfur Driven Nucleation Mode Formation in Diesel Exhaust under Transient Driving Conditions
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Beam on elastic foundation with anticlastic curvature: Application to analysis of mode I fracture tests
PublicationA first order correction is proposed taking into account both interface elasticity and transverse anticlastic curvature of flexible substrate(s) in the DCB (and related tests). Adherends are represented by Kirchhoff-Love plates, and the interface by Winkler-type elastic foundation. Two functions are introduced, representing evolution of beam deflection along the sample midline and anticlastic curvature along the plate. A method...
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Effect of Hybrid Modulation on Performance of Wireless Battery Charger Operating in CC/CV Mode
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Localized impedance measurements of AA2024 and AA2024‐T3 performed by means of AFM in contact mode
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Localized impedance measurements of AA2024 and AA2024-T3 performed by means of AFM in contact mode
PublicationPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) based approach to local impedance spectroscopy (LIS) measurement performed on AA2024 and AA2024-T3 aluminium alloys. Design/methodology/approach: AFM-LIS measurements were performed ex-situ without the electrolyte environment, so in fact the electrical not electrochemical impedance was obtained. Findings: Relative local impedance values...
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Implementation and Validation of Multisinusoidal, Fast Impedance Measurements in Atomic Force Microscope Contact Mode.
PublicationThis study presents a novel approach to impedance measurements. The methodology discussed is limited to contact in the sample-probe system under ambient conditions without the presence of electrolyte. Comparison with results of direct and alternating current measurements for well-defined metallic surfaces are made. In spite of idealization related to the type of contact examined, the proposed technique provides an improvement of...
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Dynamics analysis of footbridge mode shapes the s8 expressway on the basis of the results of in situ tests
PublicationNon-destructive diagnostics for structure may use dynamic measurements realized during vibrations of a facility induced by dynamic environmental impact, enforced by the use of inductors or impulse impact. Dynamic tests and the analysis were undertaken for a footbridge situated over the expressway S8. The studies in situ allowed for dynamic characteristics to be determined: frequency, shape modes and damping for respective frequency...
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Analiza rozkładu prądu w celce do pomiaru parametrów elektrycznych - mode lMES.
PublicationPrzedstawiono analizę rozkładu prądu w celce do pomiarów elektrycznych parametrów próbki zęba. Próbka taka charakteryzuje się małymi rozmiarami i skrajnymi wartościami parametrów elektrycznych. Czyni to pomiar jej parametrów szczególnie trudnym. Analiza została przeprowadzona za pomocą metody elementów skończonych (MES). Wykazano, że nawet połowa prądu może przepływać poza próbką. Uzyskane wyniki silnie zależą od relacji...
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Evolutionary optimization of combinational digital circuits with current-mode gates with respect to transistor count
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono metodę ewolucyjnej minimalizacji liczby tranzystorów w cyfrowym układzie kombinacyjnym, zrealizownaym z wykorzystaniem bramek pracujących w trybie prądowym. W zastosowanym algorytmie ewolucyjnym zastosowano chromosomy o budowie wielowarstwowej, przez co zwiększono wydajność optymalizacji. Wyniki otrzymane z wykorzystaniem proponowanej metody zostały porównane z rezultatami osiągniętymi za pomocą map Karnough...
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Experimental frequency-domain characterization of fundamental guided mode parameters in coupled coplanar waveguide
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodę wyznaczania współczynnika propagacji oraz impedancji charakterystycznej rodzajów podstawowych w strukturze sprzężonych linii koplanarnych. Metoda, oparta o wykorzystanie specjalnych struktur pobudzających oraz klasyczne pomiary w dziedzinie częstotliwości przy pomocy wektorowego analizatora sieci wykazała przydatność do wyznaczania zależnych od częstotliwości parametrów struktury.
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A novel dual mode capacitor biosensor for real-time, label-free DNA detection
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Damage location in beam and plate structures by wavelet analysis of experimentally determined mode shapes
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy zastosowania analizy falkowej do lokalizacji uszkodzeń w konstrukcjach belkowych i płytowych. Wykonano testy dynamiczne belki wspornikowej i płyty utwierdzonej wzdłuż jednej z krawędzi. Lokalizację defektu otrzymano za pomocą transformaty falkowej eksperymentalnie wyznaczonych postaci drgań.
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Conducted EMI mitigation in switched mode DC-DC converters by spread spectrum techniques
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono skuteczność technik rozpraszania widma do ograniczenia emisji przewodzonej EMI dla szeregowego przerywacza napięcia. Badania porównawcze zostały wykonane laboratoryjnie za pomocą generatora funkcyjnego, miernika zaburzeń i sieci sztucznej. Analiza otrzymanych wyników wykazała, szczególnie korzystne do 20 dB, ograniczenie charakterystyki napięcia emisji przewodzonej dla losowej modulacji częstotliuwości...
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ESTIMATION OF NONSTATIONARY HARMONIC SIGNALS AND ITS APPLICATION TO ACTIVE CONTROL OF MRI NOISE
PublicationA new adaptive comb filtering algorithm, capable of tracking the fundamental frequency and amplitudes of different frequency components of a nonstationary harmonic signal embedded in white measurement noise, is proposed. Frequency tracking characteristics of the new scheme are studied analytically, proving (under Gaussian assumptions and optimal tuning) its statistical efficiency for quasi-linear frequency changes. Laboratory tests...
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Control system for contactless electrical energy transfer with varying air gap
PublicationInductive power transfer (IPT) is a system by which electrical energy may be transmitted without electrical connection through a large air gap between coils. Systems usually considered in the literature are the ones with a constant air gap. The paper describes the analysis of IPT, which allows for supplying an electrical load in the conditions of slow, in relation to the dynamics of power supply, changes in the dimensions of the...
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Supporting Cybersecurity Compliance Assessment of Industrial Automation and Control System Components
PublicationThe chapter presents a case study demonstrating how security requirements of an Industrial Automation and Control System (IACS) component can be represented in a form of Protection Profile that is based on IEC 62443 standards and how compliance assessment of such component can be supported by explicitly representing a conformity argument in a form based on the OMG SACM meta-model. It is also demonstrated how an advanced argument...
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Optimized Stress and Geometry Control of Spherical structures under Lateral Loadings
PublicationIn this paper, a numerical model of a double-layer spherical structure has been examined under lateral loadings. When the structure has been distorted due to loadings, the dislocated joints have been moved to their original positions utilizing the adjustment techniques based on the force method. Meanwhile, the members’ internal forces were kept in the desired domain. Optimization techniques were also implemented in order to minimalize...
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Implementation of the FOPID Algorithm in the PLC Controller - PWR Thermal Power Control Case Study
PublicationIn the paper authors describe proposition of design and verification procedures of the discrete Fractional Order PID (FOPID) algorithm for control of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) thermal power near its nominal operating point. The FOPID algorithm synthesis consists of: off-line optimal tunning of its parameters in continuous time-domain with LQ (Linear Quadratic) performance index and simplified models of nuclear reactor...
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Sensorless control system of induction machine supplied by voltage source inverter with output filter
PublicationThe paper focuses on sensorless control of the induction machines supplied by inverter with the output filters. “The novel” idea of the speed observer which is based on the backstepping approach is shown. The standard structure of the exponential observer is extended by the integrators and additional Z vector. The simulation and experimental results validate the proposed solution.
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The excitation controller with gain scheduling mechanism for synchronous generator control
PublicationThe power systems, including the synchronous generators and power systems networks, are complex nonlinear systems with configuration and parameters which change through time. That leads to electromechanical oscillations occurring in that system. Thus synchronous generator excitation controller must be capable of providing appropriate stabilization signal over broad range of operating conditions and disturbances. In this paper,...
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BASICS OF THE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR TRANSFORMATIONS OF PRODUCTION PLANNING AND CONTROL PROCESSES
PublicationIntensive development of technologies, in particular of the spinotronics, nanotechnology, robotics, and ICT, shapes the new generation production systems. Their distinctive feature is the flexi-bility associated with production intelligence. It is required from all processes, including the production planning and control processes (PPCP). The article is of conceptual character. It was prepared based on literature research. It encompasses...
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Application and modelling of Shape-Memory Alloys for structural vibration control: State-of-the-art review
PublicationOne of the most essential components of structural design for civil engineers is to build a system that is resistant to environmental conditions such as harsh chemical environments, and catastrophic disasters like earthquakes and hurricanes. Under these circumstances and disturbances, conventional building materials such as steel and concrete may demonstrate inadequate performance in the form of corrosion, deterioration, oxidizing,...
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Studies of the Modelling Accuracy of Steam Turbine Control Systems for Diagnostic Tests of Automatic Synchronizers
PublicationOne of the important factors that affect the reliable operation of the power system and the rapid restitution after disaster is a quick and effective combining synchronous electric power facilities to operate in parallel. Hence, diagnostics of automatic synchronizers at every stage of their life, from building a prototype, through the whole life, until removing such devices from the operation, is an extremely important and responsible...
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Negative impact of constant RPM control strategy on ship NOx emission in waves
PublicationIn severe wave conditions, the ship propulsion system is loaded with high fluctuations due to external disturbances. The highly fluctuating loads enforce radical changes in the main engine torque, which in turn demands variation of the fuel rate injected into the cylinders if a constant rotational speed strategy is applied. Therefore, the temperature of gases varies to a large extent during the combustion process in the cylinders....
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Interline power flow controller - properties and control strategy in dynamic states
PublicationHigh-power electronic converter topologies, in such forms as Unified Power Flow Controllers (UPFC), Static Compensators (STATCOM) and Interline Power Flow Controllers (IPFC), have been used to enhance and optimize the use of transmission facilities, under the concept of a flexible ac transmission system (FACTS). In Europe, the anticipated proliferation of distributed-generation (DG) in the near future, driven by governmental initiatives...
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Increasing the Utilization of dc-link Voltage of a Five-Leg VSI Based on Rotor Angle Control of Dual Induction Motors
PublicationThis paper introduces an increased utilization of the dc-link voltage of a five-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) based on the rotor flux angle control technique for dual induction motors, IM. The main purpose is to utilize additional abilities provided by a multi-motor drive system in limited operating conditions. Generally, a multi-motor drive system is widely used in electric vehicles (EVs), traction systems and in several industrial...
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Hydro Power Plant in the Process of Voltage Control in the Electric Power System and the System Restoration
PublicationThe article covers selected issues related to the share of hydroelectric power in the process of rebuilding the power system after black-out and voltage control during that process. Selected results of measurements made during the creation of the transmission chain for the need to start a block of a thermal power plant from a hydroelectric power plant were presented.
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Deep slot effect in the squirrel-cage induction motors with scalar (V/F) control
PublicationQualitative characteristics of the electrical drive considerably depend on identification accuracy of math model parameters. In particular, it is depend on detection accuracy of stator active resistance r1 that is used in calculation of flux linkages, rotary speed in sensorless control systems. Paper provides analysis of influence of stator deep slot effect to stator active resistance value
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Example applications of control charts as a quality tool for statistical process control in a small manufacturing company
PublicationPraca zawiera przykład wdrożenia kart kontrolnych w małym zakładzie produkcyjnym zajmującym się wytwarzaniem komponentów z blach. Pokazano jak z zastosowaniem dostępnego pakietu biurowego, można stworzyć statystyczną kontrolę procesu(SPC)w małej firmie. Artykuł zawiera wyniki z przykładowych analizowanych procesów.
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Softly switched model predictive control for control of integratedwastewater treatment system at medium time scale.
PublicationW przypadku gdy system jest sterowany za pomocą jednej, uniwersalnej strategii sterowania w pełnym zakresie jego obciążeń, powstają poważne trudności w znalezieniu optymalnego sterowania. W celu jak najlepszego dopasowania strategii sterowania do panujący warunków, zdefiniowano trzy stany operacyjne: normalny, zakłóceniowy oraz awaryjny. Dla tych stanów zaprojektowano odpowiednie strategie sterowania. W związku z tym pojawia się...
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Closed-Loop Control System Design for Wireless Charging of Low-Voltage EV Batteries with Time-Delay Constraints
PublicationThis paper presents an inductive power transfer system on the basis of a double single- phase three-level T-type inverter and two split transmitting coils for constant current and constant voltage wireless charging of low-voltage light electric vehicle batteries with closed-loop control, considering time-delay communication constraints. An optimal control structure and a modified control strategy were chosen and implemented to...
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Mathematical Models of Control Systems of Angular Speed of Steam Turbines for Diagnostic Tests of Automatic and Mechatronic Devices
PublicationAccurate modeling of physical processes of many automatics and mechatronics systems is often necessity. In power system such a process is control of angular velocity of power objects during connection to operation in parallel. This process is extremely dynamic. For this reason response of control system depends from changes of many physical parameters (temperature, pressure and flow of the medium, etc.). Precision modeling influences...
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Multi-source-supplied parallel hybrid propulsion of the inland passenger ship STA.H. Research work on energy efficiency of a hybrid propulsion system operating in the electric motor drive mode
PublicationIn the Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology, design has recently been developed of a small inland ship with hybrid propulsion and supply system. The ship will be propelled by a specially designed so called parallel hybrid propulsion system. The work was aimed at carrying out the energy efficiency analysis of a hybrid propulsion system operating in the electric motor drive mode and at...
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Indirect adaptive controller based on a self-structuring fuzzy system for nonlinear modeling and control
PublicationIn this paper, a unified nonlinear modeling and control scheme is presented. A self-structuring Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzymodel is used to approximate the unknown nonlinear plant based on I/O data collected on-line. Both the structure and theparameters of the T-S fuzzy model are updated by an on-line clustering method and a recursive least squares estimation(RLSE) algorithm. The rules of the fuzzy model can be added, replaced or...
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ANALYSIS OF IMPACT of SHIP model parameters on changes of control quality index in ship dynamic positioning system
PublicationIn this work there is presented an analysis of impact of ship model parameters on changes of control quality index in a ship dynamic positioning system designed with the use of a backstepping adaptive controller. Assessment of the impact of ship model parameters was performed on the basis of Pareto-Lorentz curves and ABC method in order to determine sets of the parameters which have either crucial, moderate or low impact on objective...
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Highly efficient maximum power point tracking control technique for PV system under dynamic operating conditions
PublicationThe application of small-scale electrical systems is widespread and the integration of Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control for Photovoltaic systems with battery applications further enhances the techno-economic feasibility of renewable systems. For this purpose, a novel MPPT control system using Dynamic Group based cooperation optimization (DGBCO) algorithm is utilized for PV systems. The population in the DGBCO is divided...
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ATTEMPT AT EVALUATING THE INFLUENCE OF BENDING STRESS ON SHAFT WEAR PROCESSES IN WATER LUBRICATED SLIDING BEARING WITH A RUBBER BUSHING
PublicationWater lubricated bearings find increasingly wide application in shipbuilding or hydro–power industry, the popularity stemming from their numerous advantages. Unfortunately, as it turns out, water lubricated bearings do not always meet expectations, as on occasion they become subject to intense, premature wear which requires costly repair. One of the still unexplained phenomena is the process of excessive bearing wear, in particular...
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Photovoltaic Maximum Power Point Technique based on Incremental Conductance (INCON) control algorithm
PublicationMaximum output power status can significantly improve the deployment rate of solar energy system. In order to get the maximum power output, issue of tracking maximum power point (MPP), reduced harmonics around MPP and improve efficiency of the solar power energy system, this paper presents the improved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control...
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Multi-DBD plasma actuator for flow separation control around NACA 0012 and NACA 0015 airfoil models
PublicationIn this paper application of innovative multi-DBD plasma actuator for flow separation control is presented. The influence of the airflowgenerated by this actuator on the flow around NACA 0012 and NACA 0015 airfoil models was investigated. The results obtained from 2D PIVmeasurements showed that the multi-DBD actuator with floating interelectrode can be attractive for leading and trailing edge separation control.
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Soft Real-Time Communication with WebSocket and WebRTC Protocols Performance Analysis for Web-based Control Loops
PublicationThe web browser has become an access window for content and services. The browser is available on almost any device connected to the network, regardless of its intended use: desktop, mobile device, computing server, e-book reader etc. Browsers are used by people to read news, contact the world, to check a bank account, register a visit at the doctor, watching video content, electronic purchases, using web versions of the office...
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Buckling and shape control of prestressable trusses using optimum number of actuators
PublicationThis paper describes a method to control the nodal displacement of prestressable truss structures within the desired domains. At the same time, the stress in all members is unleashed to take any value between the allowable tensile stress and critical buckling stress. The shape and stresses are controlled by actuating the most active members. The technique considers the members’ initial crookedness, residual stresses, and slenderness...
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Fully Separated Flow Control Using DBD Plasma Actuators Located at the Leading Edge of an Airfoil
PublicationIn the framework of the PLASMAERO European project, experiments were conducted to investigate the authority of surface DBD plasma actuators to alter a fully separated flow around an airfoil in order to improve its aerodynamic performances in its natural stall regime. In this paper, unsteady excitation control is more specifically investigated. The key control parameter studied here is the burst frequency which periodically imposes...
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The QDMC Model Predictive Controller for the Nuclear Power Plant Steam Turbine Control
PublicationThere are typically two main control loops with PI con trollers operating at each turbo-generator set. In this paper a model predictive controller QDMC for the steam turbine is proposed - instead of a typical PI controller. The QDMC controller utilize a step-response model for the controlled system. This model parameters are determined, based on the simplified and linear model of turbo-generator set, which parameters are identified...
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Sensorless field oriented control for five-phase induction motors with third harmonic injection and fault insensitive feature
PublicationThe paper presents a solution for sensorless field oriented control (FOC) system for five-phase induction motors with improved rotor flux pattern. In order to obtain the advantages of a third harmonic injection with a quasi-trapezoidal flux shape, two vector models, α1–β1 and α3–β3, were transformed into d1– q1, d3– q3 rotating frames, which correlate to the 1st and 3rd harmonic plane respectively. A linearization approach of the...
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Wieloobszarowa regulacja systemu turbogeneratora elektrowni jądrowej =Multiregional control of nuclear power plant turbogenerator system
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono propozycję zaawansowanej struktury sterowania układem turbogeneratora w szerokim zakresie zmian zapotrzebowania na moc czynną. Dla potrzeb syntezy tej struktury wykorzystano nieliniowe, dynamiczne modele turbiny parowej i generatora synchronicznego współpracującego z systemem elektroenergetycznym. Zaproponowane algorytmy sterowania oparte są odpowiednio o wieloobszarowe regulatory rozmyte, z lokalnymi regulatorami...
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Event-Triggered Communication in Cooperative, Adaptive Model Predictive Control of a Nuclear Power Plant’s Turbo–Generator Set
PublicationThis paper discusses the issue of optimizing the communication between the components of a cooperating control system formed by a pair of MPC controllers of a nuclear power plant turbine set using online recursive least squares identification. It is proposed to use event-triggered communication, i.e., sending information only at selected time instants, as opposed to the standard approach where communication is triggered by time...
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Impact of Low Switching-to-Fundamental Frequency Ratio on Predictive Current Control of PMSM: A simulation study
PublicationPredictive current control algorithms for permanent magnet synchronous (PMSM) drives rely on an assumption that within short intervals motor currents can be approximated with linear functions. This approximation may result either from discretizing the motor model or from simplifications applied to the continuous-time model. As the linear current approximation has been recognized as inaccurate in case when the drive operates with...