Search results for: polarization
-
Electrochemical properties of porous Sr0.86Ti0.65Fe0.35O3 oxygen electrodes in solid oxide cells: Impedance study of symmetrical electrodes
PublicationThis work evaluates porous Sr0.86Ti0.65Fe0.35O3 (STF35) as a possible oxygen electrode material for Solid Oxide Cells. The powder synthesis was performed by solid state method. Characterization included DC electrical conductivity study of sintered bulk samples and impedance spectroscopy study of symmetrical electrodes deposited on gadolinium doped ceria substrates. Measurements were carried out in atmospheres with different pO2...
-
Experimental and Quantum Chemical Evaluation of 8-Hydroxyquinoline as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Copper in 0.1 M HCl
PublicationThe corrosion inhibition properties of 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) in 0.1 M HCl for copper have been investigated by using experimental (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS), and potentiodynamic polarization) and theoretical methods complemented by surface morphological examination with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron dispersive X-ray spectroscopy...
-
Towards sugar-derived polyamides as environmentally friendly materials
PublicationAs part of our ongoing study investigating isohexide-based polyamides, we have synthesized isosorbide(bis(propan-1-amine)) (DAPIS) and studied its reactivity in the polymerization towards fully biobased polyamides. Polycondensation of nylon salts with various contributions of DAPIS afforded a family of homo- and copolyamides, which were characterized using complementary spectroscopic techniques. The chemical structure of the materials...
-
Potential energy curves of LiCs dimer
Open Research DataThis data presents potential energy curves of LiCs dimer in Hund's case (a). Calculated using Born-Oppenheimer approximation with scalar relativistic effects are included via large effective core potentials. Custom basis sets, core polarization potentials and MRCI method are used to accurately describe electron correlation. Dataset consists of 22 potential...
-
Comparisson of area specific resistance of the SrTi1-xFexO3-d porous oxygen electrodes and state-of-the-art LSCF sintered at optimal conditions
Open Research DataIn this dataset are presented results of the polarization resistance of optimaly sintered SrTi1-xFexO3-d porous oxygen electrodes in symetrical cell (1000 °C; 800 °C and 800°C respectively x = 0.35; 0.50 and 0.70). For commparison were selected commercially avilable state-of-the-art LSCF (Europa) sintered at 1050 °C. The measurement temperature range...
-
Potential energy curves of NaRb dimer
Open Research DataThis data presents potential energy curves of NaRb dimer in Hund's case (a). Calculated using Born-Oppenheimer approximation with scalar relativistic effects are included via large effective core potentials. Core polarization potentials and MRCI method is used to describe electron correlation. Dataset consists of 18 potential energy curves of ground...
-
Time-frequency analysis in optical coherence tomography for technical objects examination
PublicationOptical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most advanced optical measurement techniques for complex structure visualization. The advantages of OCT have been used for surface and subsurface defect detection in composite materials, polymers, ceramics, non-metallic protective coatings, and many more. Our research activity has been focused on timefrequency spectroscopic analysis in OCT. It is based on time resolved spectral analysis...
-
The Optical Coherence Tomography and Raman Spectroscopy for Sensing of the Bone Demineralization Process
PublicationThe presented research was intended to seek new optical methods to investigate the demineralization process of bones. Optical examination of the bone condition could facilitate clinical trials and improve the safety of patients. The authors used a set of complementary methods: polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) and Raman spectroscopy. Chicken bone samples were used in this research. To stimulate in laboratory...
-
Surface-Plasmon-Coupled Emission of Rhodamine 110 in a Silica Nanolayer
PublicationThe first observation of strong directional surface-plasmon-coupled emission (SPCE) of Rhodamine 110 in silica nanofilms deposited on silver nanolayers is reported. The preparation of the material is described in detail. The intensity of SPCE exceeds 10 times that of free space fluorescence and total linear light polarization in the SPCE ring is observed. A new experimental setup and an original data collection method is presented....
-
The scanning spreading resistance microscopy (SSRM) of some CoCrMo alloys subjected to electrochemical litography
Open Research DataThe dataset contains the results of the experiment consisting of performing electrochemical lithography on the surface of the CoCrMo prosthetic alloy. First, by applying local anodic polarization, oxide structures were created on the surface of the material. Next, they were imaged in the SSRM (scanning spreading resistance microscopy) mode to visualize...
-
High-accuracy polarimetric studies on lead germanate single crystals
PublicationA high-accuracy polarimetric technique has been used for the characterization of a lead germanate ferroelectric single crystal. The measurement results of the linear and circular birefringence in the [010] direction at a wavelength of 633 nm under the influence of an electric field are presented. Gyration–electric field hysteresis loops at alternative crystal positions in the polarization system have been used to determine the...
-
Influence of the Square Wave Voltage on Dynamical Properties of a Flat Voltammetric Electrode in the Time Domain by the Electrochemical Reversible Reaction
PublicationIn this article there is a presentation of the analysis of the polarizing voltage shape influencing dynamic properties of voltammetric electrodes when on their surface reversible reaction takes place in the time domain. The electrode polarization with linearly increasing voltage and with a square component, was analyzed. The analysis that were conducted showed that the voltammetric electrode behaves like a first order transducer....
-
Joint experimental and theoretical study on electron scattering from titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) molecule
PublicationAbsolute grand-total cross section for electron scattering from titanium tetrachloride, TiCl4, molecule was measured at electron-impact energies ranging from 0.3 to 300 eV, in the linear electron-transmission experiment. The elastic integral, differential, momentum transfer, and total ionization cross sections for TiCl4 molecule were also calculated for low and intermediate collisional energies at the level of various theories. The...
-
3D Metamaterial Ultra-Wideband Absorber for curved surface
PublicationThis paper proposes a three-dimensional metamaterial absorber based on a resistive film patch array to develop a low-cost, lightweight absorber for curved surfaces. An excellent absorption over a large frequency band is achieved through two different yet controllable mechanisms; In the first mechanism, a considerable attenuation in the wave power is achieved via graphite resistive films. The absorption is then intensified through...
-
Imaging of ferroelectric properties of sinter by means of Piezoresponse Force Microscopy
Open Research DataFerroelectricity is a property of certain materials [1], characterized by a spontaneous electrical polarization that can be reversed by applying an external electric field. Ferroelectric properties can be used to make capacitors with adjustable capacity. The permeability of ferroelectrics is not only regulated, but usually also very high, especially...
-
Quasirelativistic potential energy curves of NaRb dimer
Open Research DataThis data presents potential energy curves of NaRb dimer, that include spin-orbit interaction, in Hund's case (c). Calculated using Born-Oppenheimer approximation with relativistic effects included via large spin-orbit effective core potentials. Custom basis sets, core polarization potentials and MRCI method are used to accurately describe electron...
-
Environmental degradation of titanium alloy in artificial saliva
PublicationThe titanium and its alloys are potentially prone to hydrogen embrittlement, including those proposed for dental implants. The research has been aimed to assess a susceptibility to environment-enhanced degradation of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy in artificial saliva with or without hydrofluoric acid, subject or not to cathodic polarisation. The results have shown that even if artificial saliva is safe environment, both cathodic polarization...
-
Interferometric Sensor of Wavelength Detuning Using a Liquid Crystalline Polymer Waveplate
PublicationOperation of a polarization interferometer for measurement of the wavelength changes of a tunable semiconductor laser was investigated. A lambda/8 waveplate made from liquid crystalline polymer is placed in one of interferometers’ arms in order to generate two output signals in quadrature. Wavelength was measured with resolution of 2 pm in the wavelength range 628–635 nm. Drift of the interferometer, measured in the period of 500...
-
Environmental degradation of Ti alloys in artificial saliva and a role of fluorides
PublicationThe titanium and its alloys are potentially prone to hydrogen embrittlement, including those proposed for dental implants. The research has been aimed to assess a susceptibility to environment-enhanced degradation of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy in artificial saliva with or without hydrofluoric acid, subject or not to cathodic polarisation. The results have shown that even if artificial saliva is safe environment, both cathodic polarization...
-
Instantaneous impedance monitoring of AA 7075 aluminum alloy corrosion in borate buffer with admixed chloride ions
PublicationThe study presents a research capabilities of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS) as a tool used for instantaneous on-line monitoring of corrosion processes on the example of AA 7075 aluminum alloy. A borate buffer with admixed chloride ions in a quantity ranging from 0.05 to 25 mM was used to represent different types of corrosion attack. The surface of samples specimens was evaluated before and after the tests...
-
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of some FTO/MoS2/SnO2 electrodes
Open Research DataTo demonstrate the electrochemical performance of the FTO/MoS2/SnO2 for HER (hydrogen evolution reaction), the LSV (linear sweep voltammetry) was performed. The polarization curves of the obtained composite were measured in 1 M H2SO4 at room temperature with a scan rate 10 mV/s. For comparison, the LSV for the FTO, pure MoS2 and Pt plate electrode were...
-
Multisine impedimetric probing of biocatalytic reactions for label-free detection of DEFB1 gene: How to verify that your dog is not human?
PublicationAlbert is a dog (Canis familiaris), but he does not realize this. Albert loves human food (and beer), watching movies on the internet, sleeping in bed, and more. But he should not do all these things. To convince him that, we have desinged a test procedure. The DEFB1 gene is unique to human species. Detecting its presence from saliva and in short periods may offer an advantage in the field of forensic medicine, and influence Albert’s...
-
An investigation of microstructural basis for corrosion behavior of Al-CNT composites fabricated by SPS
PublicationIn this research effect of the addition of multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as additive powder on microstructure and corrosion behavior of fabricated Al-CNT composites was studied. The aluminum powder and CNTs were mixed with high energy planetary ball-mill. It is observed that by increasing milling time, the uniformity of CNTs on aluminum matrix and consequently corrosion resistance of Al-CNT composite is increased. On the...
-
Development Of Dynamic Method For Evaluation Of Corrosion Rate On The Example Of Organic Corrosion İnhibitor
PublicationMeasurements of the corrosion rate belong to the most important aspects of materials science. In order to reduce material loss corrosion inhibitors are used. However selection of proper inhibitor should be based on evaluation of its mechanism and effective concentrations. Mechanism of inhibition usually has dynamic character so physicochemical parameters are changing in time. Most of actually used methods...
-
Study of the formation of calcareous deposits on cathodically protected steel in Baltic sea water
PublicationPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the sedimentation of calcareous deposits occurs on cathodically protected steel in Baltic sea water. Design/methodology/approach – Steel electrodes were cathodically polarized in natural Baltic sea water at potential þ0.150 V vs Zn electrode in potentiostatic mode. During exposure chronoamperometric measurements were carried out. After the exposure, the electrode’s surface...
-
Microstructure and corrosion behaviour of carbon steel and ferritic and austenitic stainless steels in NaCl solutions and the effect of p-nitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt
PublicationThe microstructure and corrosion behavior of carbon steel (CSA516) and ferritic (SS410) and austenitic (SS304L) stainless steels were studied and compared. Corrosion tests were carried out in 0.5 M NaCl solutions. Rates of corrosion were monitored based on weight loss, Tafel extrapolation and linear polarization resistance (LPR) methods. Rates of corrosion were ranked following the order: CSA516 >> SS410 > SS304L. The impact of...
-
AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR FLUCTUATION ENHANCED GAS SENSING
PublicationResistance gas sensors exhibit random phenomena (resistance noise) which can be utilized to improve gas sensitivity and selectivity. That new emerging technique has to be investigated to recognize optimal parameters for gas detection. It means that a measurement system has to have ability of numerous parameters adjustment (e.g., sampling frequency, heater voltage, polarization current, voltage noise amplification). That fact induced...
-
Flexoelectricity and apparent piezoelectricity of a pantographic micro-bar
PublicationWe discuss a homogenized model of a pantographic bar considering flexoelectricity. A pantographic bar consists of relatively stiff small bars connected by small soft flexoelectric pivots. As a result, an elongation of the bar relates almost to the torsion of pivots. Taking into account their flexoelectric properties we find the corresponding electric polarization. As a results, the homogenized pantographic bar demonstrates piezoelectric...
-
Theoretical study of highly-excited states of KRb molecule
PublicationSemi-empirical adiabatic potential energy curves of highly excited states of the KRb molecule are calculated as a function of the internuclear distance R over a wide range from 3 to 150 a0. The diatomic molecule is treated as an effective two-electron system by using the large core pseudopotentials and core polarization potentials. All calculations are performed by using the nonrelativistic CASSCF/MRCI method with accurate basis...
-
Polarisation effects in low-energy positron–molecule scattering
PublicationThe UK molecular R-matrix method has been adapted to treat positron collisions from polyatomic targets. A simple empirical enhancement factor which corrects for the underestimation of electron–positron polarisation and correlation effects in the calculations performed with the static-plus-polarization model at low scattering energies is presented. Application of this model to positron scattering from carbon dioxide at energies...
-
Study of anticorrosion and microwave absprption properties of NiZn ferrite pigments
PublicationPurpose - The purpose of this paper is to report the electrochemical verification of anticorrosive properties of NiZn ferrites as pigments in protective coatings and evaluation of their microwave absorbing properties. Design/methodology/approach - Ferrites, represented by formula NixZn(1-x)Fe2O4, where x=0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, were synthesized using a ceramic method. The samples of ferrites were examined by X-ray diffraction...
-
Anisotropic optical properties of few-layer black phosphorus coatings: from fundamental insights to opto-electrochemical sensor design
PublicationFew-layer black phosphorus (FLBP) is characterised by a tuneable bandgap, high carrier mobility and anisotropic optical properties. It therefore has the potential to find applications in electronics and photonics. FLBP oxidizes upon exposure to air, limiting its utility in devices and components. To address this issue, the thesis introduces methods and tools developed for studying FLBP's optical parameters, with a particular emphasis...
-
NANOCRYSTALLINE CATHODES FOR SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS MADE OF NOBLE METALS
PublicationCathodes for solid oxide fuel cells prepared by the infiltration method at 600 °C are presented. The infiltration method allows to produce stable, nanostructured electrodes. Cathodes were prepared using gold, platinum, La2NiO4+δ (L2N) and La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3 δ (LSCF). Symmetrical cathode/electrolyte/cathode samples were prepared and examined with SEM microscopy and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Despite successful deposition...
-
Red Algae – An Alternative Source of Carbon Material for Energy Storage Application
PublicationNew electrode material obtained by pyrolysis of aquatic biomass macro (red algae) soaked with glucose solution has been characterized by SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopy. Graphitized carbon was identified by Raman spectroscopy. Galvanostatic cyclic polarization of the materials in contact with 1M LiPF6 electrolyte in EC:DMC (1:1 v/v) and Li as a counter electrode was performed. Specific capacity of the novel material was enhanced...
-
A variational approach of homogenization of piezoelectric composites towards piezoelectric and flexoelectric effective media
PublicationThe effective piezoelectric properties of heterogeneous materials are evaluated in the context of periodic homogenization, whereby a variational formulation is developed, articulated with the extended Hill macrohomogeneity condition. The entire set of homogenized piezoelectric moduli is obtained as the volumetric averages of the microscopic properties of the individual constituents weighted by the displacement and polarization...
-
The domination of ionic conductivity in tetragonal phase of the organometal halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3-xClx
PublicationOrganometal trihalide perovskites have recently gained extreme attention due to their high solar energy conversion in photovoltaic cells. Here, we investigate the contribution of iodide ions to a total conductivity of the mixed lead halide perovskite CH3NH3PbI3−xClx with a use of the modified DC Hebb–Wagner polarization method. It has been identified that an ionic conductivity dominates in tetragonal phase which is associated with room...
-
A Planar-Structured Circularly Polarized Single-Layer MIMO Antenna for Wideband Millimetre-Wave Applications
PublicationIn this paper, a simple geometry, planar-structured printed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna utilizing dual circular polarization (CP) is presented. The proposed numerically and experimentally validated design features a fully grounded coplanar waveguide (CPW) and a systematically perturbed feedline radiator. The fringing electric (E) field along the feedline is altered by extruding periodic stubs on each side of the...
-
Effects of solution composition and electrophoretic deposition voltage on various properties of nanohydroxyapatite coatings on the Ti13Zr13Nb alloy
PublicationThe purpose of the research was to establish the influence of the solution composition and the electrophoretic deposition voltage on the coating homogeneity and thickness, nanohardness, adhesion, corrosion resistance and wettability. The Ti13Zr13Nb alloy was coated by the electrophoretic technique with hydroxyapatite in a solution containing 0.1, 0.2 or 0.5 g nanoHAp in 100 mL of suspension and at voltage 15, 30 or 50 V. The scanning...
-
The Impact of Crushed Rock Spoil on Pitting Corrosion of Selected Stainless Steel
PublicationThe paper presents the results of the pitting resistance investigations of selected stainless steels in the chloride environment and the simultaneous impact of erosive factors using the cyclic polarization technique. Additionally, using electrochemical techniques, ie: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and measurement of corrosion potential, the behavior of the passive layer of selected stainless steels in the environment...
-
Research on causes of corrosion in the municipal water supply system
PublicationThis paper presents results of failure analysis study to characterize the corrosion damage that occurred in the water supply system in Krakow. This analysis includes: electrochemical noise, linear polarization and resistometric measurements. Water aggressiveness of four water intakes was defined using Langelier and Ryznar indices. Results from this indices did not reveal the causes of considerable corrosion losses in water systems....
-
Corrosion monitoring by harmonic analysis in aqueous environments
PublicationThis paper presents tests concerning the rate of corrosion in non-alloy steel (type S235JR) in an aqueous environment, with an additive of sodium chloride by means of polarization resistance measurements and harmonic analysis. The tests have been carried out for steel samples exposed to the testing environment for six weeks, in order to obtain a constant rate of corrosion in the function of time. The measurements have aimed at...
-
Hydrogen assisted cracking of 2205 duplex stainless steel in synthetic sea water
PublicationThe cracking behavior of 2205 duplex stainless steels (DSSs) in synthetic sea water under cathodic polarization condition was investigated. (SSRT) method was employed in aim to evaluate the susceptibility to hydrogen assisted cracking. The results showed that the reduction in the uniform elongation (UEL) and the reduction of area (RA) varied with the applied cathodic current density. Significant reductions in ductility were found,...
-
Calculation of electron scattering lengths on Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn and Og atoms
PublicationFocusing on the noble gases, we calculate the scattering potential using the Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian supplemented with a model polarization potential. We determine the scattering lengths using two methods, namely phase shifts for very small scattering energies and the shape of the wave function for zero scattering energy. We compare our theoretical electron scattering length results on Ar, Kr and Xe atoms with existing experimental...
-
High-Gain Compact Circularly Polarized X-Band Superstrate Antenna for CubeSat Applications
PublicationIn this letter, a concept of high-gain circularly polarized X-band antenna employing a partially reflecting surface (PRS) has been presented. In the initial antenna analysis, the influence of parasitic elements size in the PRS structure on antenna radiation pattern parameters has been investigated and the optimal arrangement of the elements has been identified. The proposed antenna provides wide bandwidth of return loss above 10...
-
Effect of Thermal Shock During Legionella Bacteria Removal on the Corrosion Properties of Zinc-Coated Steel Pipes
PublicationThe purpose of this investigation was to conduct the failure analysis of a water-supply system made from zinc-coated steel. The observed corrosion process had an intense and complex character. The brownish deposits and perforations were present after 2-3 years of exploitation. The electrochemical study based on the Tafel polarization, corrosion potential monitoring, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy together with microscopic...
-
Measurements of photoionization of mercury atoms into the 6s 2S1/2, 5d96s2 2D5/2 and 5d96s2 2D3/2 ionic states over the energy range from 10.5 eV to 18.7 eV
PublicationPhotoionization of mercury atoms into the three lowest ionic states, 5d106s 2S1/2, 5d96s2 2D5/2 and 5d96s2 2D3/2 has been studied in the photon energy ranges from their respective thresholds to 18.7 eV. The photoionization spectra were obtained with high energy resolution at an angle of 0° with respect to the polarization vector of the photon beam. The high energy resolution and sensitivity achieved in the measurements permitted...
-
Electrochemical Characterization of Gelatine Derived Ceramics
PublicationNew materials obtained by pyrolysis of gelatine (G) and poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane) (PSN) (weight ratio: G/PSN 70/30) at temperatures 700 and 900 °C were characterized by SEM and Raman spectroscopy. The presence of ceramics influences on the cluster size of the materials. Electrochemical tests were performed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic cyclic polarization. The capacity of G/PSN was 464 and 527 mAh/g for materials pyrolysed...
-
Mutually polarizable QM/MM model with in situ optimized localized basis functions
PublicationWe extend our recently developed quantum-mechanical/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) approach [Dziedzic et al., J. Chem. Phys. 145, 124106 (2016)] to enable in situ optimization of the localized orbitals. The quantum subsystem is described with ONETEP linear-scaling density functional theory and the classical subsystem – with the AMOEBA polarizable force field. The two subsystems interact via multipolar electrostatics and are fully...
-
Catalytic impact of alloyed Al on the corrosion behavior of Co50Ni23Ga26Al1.0 magnetic shape memory alloy and catalysis applications for efficient electrochemical H2 generation
PublicationThe electrochemical and corrosion behaviour of Co50Ni23Ga27-xAlx (x = 0 and 1.0 wt%) magnetic shape memory alloys (MSMAs) was studied in 0.5 M NaCl solutions using various electrochemical techniques. Results showed remarkable activation of the tested MSMA toward pitting corrosion upon alloying it with Al. XPS examination confirmed the activation influence of alloyed Al. It proved that the presence of Al in the alloy's matrix weakens...
-
Can unequal distributions of wealth influence vote choice? A comparative study of Germany, Sweden and the United States.
PublicationIt is widely accepted that income influences voting behavior. Does wealth? Is the effect similar across countries? Studies of wealth and voting behavior have not existed until recently, in part because of the absence of data on wealth holdings. The findings in this chapter indicate that wealth is related to voting behavior in some countries but not in others. The chapter models the effects of wealth on one form of voting behavior,...