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Search results for: LUMINANCE UNIFORMITY
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Influences of grain shape and size distribution on permeability
PublicationThe present study investigates the effects of shape and size distributions of grains on the coefficient of permeability (k). A series of constant head permeability tests were performed to characterize the coefficient of permeability. Three particle size ranges (4.75- 0.075, 1.18- 0.075 and 0.300-0.075 mm) of two different sands (Narli Sand, Crushed Stone Sand) having different shapes were tested in a constant head permeability...
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Enhanced uniform data sampling for constrained data‐driven modeling of antenna input characteristics
PublicationData-driven surrogates are the most popular replacement models utilized in many fields of engineering and science, including design of microwave and antenna structures. The primary practical issue is a curse of dimensionality which limits the number of independent parameters that can be accounted for in the modelling process. Recently, a performance-driven modelling technique has been proposed where the constrained domain of the...
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Kształtowanie nowej tożsamości regionalnej w przestrzeniach dominacji wody na Żuławach Delty Wisły
PublicationCelem naukowym rozprawy jest sformułowanie kierunku zagospodarowania przestrzennego regionu Żuław Delty Wisły. To unikatowy w skali europejskiej region, który jest fenomenem cywilizacji hydraulicznej i dominacji wody. Proces polderyzacji, który rozpoczął się już w XIII wieku doprowadził do utworzenia historycznych układów urbanistycznych. W roku 1945 nastąpiło przerwanie ciągłości kulturowej. Współcześnie na obszarze Żuław istnieją...
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Prototype of a low-cost luxmeter with wide measuring range designed for railway stations dynamic lighting systems
PublicationThe paper presents the development of a low-cost luxmeter designed for usage in automatic applications for continual (long-term) measurement of illuminance. The measured information is used to adjust the level of lighting systems of artificial lighting on railways (platforms, marshalling yard, tracks etc.). The reason of this measuring device is a requirement for massive deployment of dimmable lighting systems for railways, in...
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Daylight design for urban residential planning in Poland: in regulations and practice. A comparison study of daylight conditions observed in the four neighbouring residential areas
PublicationThis paper reports on the partial results of the research aiming to illustrate how an integration of daylight design into an architectural planning process can help designers to create the residential buildings in respect to the environmental issues, solar and illuminance gains, as well as, the residents’ needs and comfort. It describes how changing daylight recommendations affected the design of the block of flats regarding their...
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Effective highly accurate time integrators for linear Klein-Gordon equations across the scales
PublicationWe propose an efficient approach for time integration of Klein-Gordon equations with highly oscillatory in time input terms. The new methods are highly accurate in the entire range, from slowly varying up to highly oscillatory regimes. Our approach is based on splitting methods tailored to the structure of the input term which allows us to resolve the oscillations in the system uniformly in all frequencies, while the error constant...
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Effective highly accurate time integrators for linear Klein-Gordon equations across the scales
PublicationWe propose an efficient approach for time integration of Klein-Gordon equations with highly oscillatory in time input terms. The new methods are highly accurate in the entire range, from slowly varying up to highly oscillatory regimes. Our approach is based on splitting methods tailored to the structure of the input term which allows us to resolve the oscillations in the system uniformly in all frequencies, while the error constant...
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Sprawczość vs wspólnotowość w postrzeganiu zespołów zróżnicowanych kulturowo
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy problematyki postrzegania i oceny zalet i wad pracy w zespołach zróżnicowanych kulturowo, a w szczególności psychospołecznych wymiarów takiej oceny. Wyniki dotychczasowych badań wskazują, że decyzja o możliwości współpracy z innymi ludźmi poprzedzana jest oceną dokonywaną w odniesieniu do dwóch podstawowych wymiarów wartościowania: sprawczości i wspólnotowości. Koncentracja na efektywności działania ukierunkowanego...
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The Concept of Using the Decision-Robustness Function in Integrated Navigation Systems
PublicationThe diversity and non-uniformity of the positioning systems available in maritime navigation systems often impede the watchkeeping officer in the selection of the appropriate positioning system, in particular, in restricted basins. Thus, it is necessary to introduce a mathematical apparatus to suggest, in an automated manner, which of the available systems should be used at the given moment of a sea trip. Proper selection of the...
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The new silica-based coated SPME fiber as universal support for the confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium
PublicationThe new silica-based SPME fiber coating is reported for the first time as universal support purposed to confinement of ionic liquid as an extraction medium. Fiber coating was prepared by the sol-gel process, using potassium silicate (K2SiO3) as a precursor and dimethylformamide (DMF) as a pore-forming medium. The concept of synthesis assumes obtaining a solid porous material on the surface of the glass rod and, being characterized...
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Effect of band gap on power conversion efficiency of single-junction semiconductor photovoltaic cells under white light phosphor-based LED illumination
PublicationOn the basis of the detailed balance principle, curves of efficiency limit of single-junction photovoltaic cells at warm and cool white light phosphor-based LED bulbs with luminous efficacy exceeding 100 lm/W have been simulated. The effect of energy band gap and illuminance on the efficiencies at warm and cool light is discussed. The simulations carried out show that maximum power conversion efficiency at 1000 lx reaches 52.0%...
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A Dual-Polarized 39 GHz 4x4 Microstrip Antenna Array for 5G MU-MIMO Airflight Cabin Connectivity
PublicationThis paper presents the design, fabrication, and experimental validation of a 39 GHz dual-polarized 4x4 microstrip antenna array. The array consists of 16 slot coupled circular microstrip patches, fed through SMPS connectors. The procedure requiring a reduced number of cables for measurement of the uniformly excited antenna array is also presented. The array exhibits 18 dBi peak gain and 2.9 GHz reflection bandwidth and is intended...
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Experimental observations on the creep behaviour of frozen soil
PublicationConstitutive models in the literature for creep of frozen soil are based on the direct use of time counted from the onset of creep. An explicit time dependence in a constitutive equation violates the principles of rational mechanics. No change in stress or temperature is allowed for during creep, using the time-based formulations. Moreover, the existing descriptions need much verification and improvement on the experimental side...
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PLC-based Implementation of Stochastic Optimization Method in the Form of Evolutionary Strategies for PID, LQR, and MPC Control
PublicationProgrammable logic controllers (PLCs) are usually equipped with only basic direct control algorithms like proportional-integral-derivative (PID). Modules included in engineering software running on a personal computer (PC) are usually used to tune controllers. In this article, an alternative approach is considered, i.e. the development of a stochastic optimizer based on the (μ,λ) evolution strategy (ES) in a PLC. For this purpose,...
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Night in a big city. Light festivals as a creative medium used at night and their impact on the authority, significance and prestige of a city
PublicationCities in times of global urbanization, are looking for completely new marketing methods, one such tool is the creative use of artificial light after dark, in the form of light festivals. This paper aims to introduce the historical development of the phenomenon and contemporary as well as contemporary illuminations / projects of illuminations of Fete des Lumieres festival in Lyon, Luminale in Frankfurt or on a smaller scale Lights...
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Hydrological Dry Periods versus Atmospheric Circulations in the Lower Vistula Basin (Poland) in 1954–2018
PublicationThe paper discusses the impact of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of droughts. The research in-cludes mean monthly discharges for 7 rivers in 1954-2018. Dry periods were determined with Standardised Streamflow Indices (SSI-12). Additionally, the circulation type calendar for Central Poland was used to determine the atmospheric circulation indices: western zonal (W), southern meridional (S) and cyclonicity (C). The analyses...
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OPTIMISING RIG DESIGN FOR SAILING YACHTS WITH EVOLUTIONARY MULTIOBJECTIVE ALGORITHM
PublicationThe paper presents a framework for optimising a sailing yacht rig using Multi-objective Evolutionary Algorithms and for filtering obtained solutions by means of a Multi-criteria Decision Making method. A Bermuda sloop with discontinuous rig is taken under consideration as a model rig configuration. It has been decomposed into its elements and described by a set of control parameters to form a responsive model which can be used...
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DAYLIGHT WITHIN A ROOM IN THE EYES OF ARCHITECTURE STUDENTS
PublicationA questionnaire was conducted to investigate how 140 architecture students apprise daylight conditions within the classrooms. The participants were requested to evaluate the luminous environment and their luminous comfort. They were also asked about light preferences and knowledge on daylight metrics and regulations. The students’ subjective appraisals results were compared with the experts’ assessment and the on-site illuminance...
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Approximative sequences and almost homoclinic solutions for a class of second order perturbed Hamiltonian systems
PublicationIn this work we will consider a class of second order perturbed Hamiltonian systems with a superquadratic growth condition on a time periodic potential and a small aperiodic forcing term. To get an almost homoclinic solution we approximate the original system by time periodic ones with larger and larger time periods. These approximative systems admit periodic solutions, and an almost homoclinic solution for the original system...
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Influence of silver-core gold-shell nanoparticle parameters on the variation of surface-enhanced Raman spectra
PublicationThe detection of molecules by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is dependent on the nanomaterial used to induce the enhancement effect. This depends on a variety of parameters of the substrate such as the metal used for their creation, their shape, size and size distribution, concentration, as well as the parameters of the solution, such as packing of the nanoparticles, the complexity of the sample, the solvent, etc. It...
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Survey on opportunities and barriers in lighting controls
PublicationThis report summarizes a survey performed in eight countries on the status quo of daylight and electric lighting control systems. Feedback from more than 100 international experts (building / facility managers and planers) was evaluated. The aim of the survey was to identify the perception of the different possibilities of the current lighting control solutions and the expectations about the control systems. The survey aims to...
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"Raport z wstępnych badań własności stali trudnościeralnej 460HB",. ang "Report on preliminary tests of the properties of wear-resistant steel 460HB"
PublicationMikrostrukturę badanej stali trudnościeralnej 460HB stanowi drobnoziarnisty martenzyt odpuszczony, który jest właściwy dla stali konstrukcyjnych niskowęglowych, niskostopowych ulepszonych cieplnie. W przypadku blach grubych, do których zalicza się badana stal, struktura może ulec zaburzeniu, jeżeli w hutniczym procesie wytwórczym wystąpiła niejednorodność odkształcenia plastycznego i w konsekwencji tworzenie się pasm segregacyjnych,...
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Rotating rod and ball
PublicationWe consider a mechanical system consisting of an infinite rod (a straight line) and a ball (a massless point) on the plane. The rod rotates uniformly around one of its points. The ball is reflected elastically when colliding with the rod and moves freely between consecutive hits. A sliding motion along the rod is also allowed. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the motion with a given position and velocity at a certain time...
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MARKETING STRATEGY - SPACE AS A PRODUCT.ARCHITECTURE AS A MARKETING DEVICE.
PublicationSpace has its measurable financial value. From the economic point of view place can be treated as a product that fights for appearing in tourists' and investors' consciousnesses. Space - treated as the object of demand and supply - becomes an element in a marketing game. To reach its maximal value the given space should be competitive to other spaces, from which it wants to stand out. However, in the field of architecture - and...
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Organic Vapor Sensing Mechanisms by Large-Area Graphene Back-Gated Field-Effect Transistors under UV Irradiation
PublicationThe gas sensing properties of graphene back-gated field-effect transistor (GFET) sensors toward acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran, and chloroform vapors were investigated with the focus on unfolding possible gas detection mechanisms. The FET configuration of the sensor device enabled gate voltage tuning for enhanced measurements of changes in DC electrical characteristics. Electrical measurements were combined with a fluctuation-enhanced...
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Study of ZrS3-based field-effect transistors toward the understanding of the mechanisms of light-enhanced gas sensing by transition metal trichalcogenides
PublicationExtending knowledge of the properties of low-dimensional van der Waals materials, including their reactivity to the ambiance, is important for developing innovative electronic and optoelectronic devices. Transition metal trichalcogenides with tunable optical band gaps and anisotropic conductivity are an emerging class among low- dimensional structures with the possibility of gate tunability and photoreactivity. These properties...
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Soft Real-Time Communication with WebSocket and WebRTC Protocols Performance Analysis for Web-based Control Loops
PublicationThe web browser has become an access window for content and services. The browser is available on almost any device connected to the network, regardless of its intended use: desktop, mobile device, computing server, e-book reader etc. Browsers are used by people to read news, contact the world, to check a bank account, register a visit at the doctor, watching video content, electronic purchases, using web versions of the office...
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Light box for investigation of characteristics of optoelectronics detectors
PublicationIn this paper, a light box for investigation of characteristics of optoelectronic detectors is described. The light box consists of an illumination device, an optical power sensor and a mechanical enclosure. The illumination device is based on four types of high-power light emitting diodes (LED): white light, red, green and blue. The illumination level can be varied for each LED independently by the driver and is measured by optical...
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On a matching distance between rooted phylogenetic trees
PublicationThe Robinson–Foulds (RF) distance is the most popular method of evaluating the dissimilarity between phylogenetic trees. In this paper, we define and explore in detail properties of the Matching Cluster (MC) distance, which can be regarded as a refinement of the RF metric for rooted trees. Similarly to RF, MC operates on clusters of compared trees, but the distance evaluation is more complex. Using the graph theoretic approach...
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Billiard in a rotating half-plane
PublicationThe main objective of this research is to study the properties of a billiard system in an unbounded domain with moving boundary. We consider a system consisting of an infinite rod (a straight line) and a ball (a massless point) on the plane. The rod rotates uniformly around one of its points and experiences elastic collisions with the ball. We define a mathematical model for the dynamics of such a system and write down asymptotic...
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Buckling Analysis of Cold Formed Silo Column
PublicationThe paper is devoted to stability analysis of different models of steel cold formed silo column. The steel cylindrical silos are often composed of corrugated walls and vertical open-sectional columns uniformly placed along the silo circumference. Both the whole 3D silo, a simplified model consisting of one column with a part of the silo walls, and a single column resting on elastic foundation provided by the silo walls were analyzed....
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Experimental Investigation of Free Convection Heat Transfer from Horizontal Cylinder to Nanofluids
PublicationThe results of free convection heat transfer investigation from a horizontal, uniformly heated tube immersed in a nanofluid are presented. Experiments were performed with five base fluids, i.e., ethylene glycol (EG), distilled water (W) and the mixtures of EG and water with the ratios of 60/40, 50/50, 40/60 by volume, so the Rayleigh (Ra) number range was 3 104 Ra 1.3 106 and the Prandtl (Pr) number varied from 4.4 to 176....
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Convex set of quantum states with positive partial transpose analysed by hit and run algorithm
PublicationThe convex set of quantum states of a composite K×K system with positive partial transpose is analysed. A version of the hit and run algorithm is used to generate a sequence of random points covering this set uniformly and an estimation for the convergence speed of the algorithm is derived. For K >3 or K=3 this algorithm works faster than sampling over the entire set of states and verifying whether the partial transpose is positive....
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Akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej H.264 do kompresji obrazu w sensorach wizyjnych
PublicationW komunikacie przedstawiono konfigurowalny cyfrowy akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej przeznaczony dla enkodera wideo standardu H.264. Akcelerator realizuje predykcję typu „intra” dla makrobloków luminancji o wymiarach 4x4 i 16x16. Akcelerator wstępnie zaimplementowano w układzie FPGA, gdzie został on pomyślnie zweryfikowany, a następnie zaimplementowano go w układzie ASIC w technologii UMC 90 nm. Szczegółowe wyniki testów...
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An incorporation of contemporary daylight assessment methods into architecture and urban planning of residential areas in Poland
PublicationThis paper presents the preliminary results of the ongoing research focusing on daylight design methods for the urban planning of residential areas in Poland. The purpose of this research is to find out if modern daylight performance metrics and design methods can be beneficial to the process of urban residential planning. The paper presents a review of daylight guidelines derived from historic, Polish building regulations. A summary...
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Akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej H.264 do kompresji obrazu w sensorach wizyjnych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono konfigurowalny cyfrowy akcelerator predykcji wewnątrzramkowej przeznaczony dla enkodera wideo standardu H.264. Akcelerator realizuje predykcję typu „intra” dla makrobloków luminancji o wymiarach 4x4 i 16x16. Akcelerator wstępnie zaimplementowano w układzie FPGA, gdzie został on pomyślnie zweryfikowany, a następnie zaimplementowano go w układzie ASIC w technologii UMC 90 nm. Szczegółowe wyniki testów akceleratora...
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Flow maldistribution and its mitigation in mini heat exchangers
PublicationIn the present paper, a detailed numerical investigation has been carried out to analyze the flow maldistribution in 50 parallel 1 mm x 1 mm rectangular minichannels and 1 mm depth minigap section with rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular or concave mani-folds in Z-type flow configuration (16 different cases). The working medium was ethanol and the mass flow rate was 5×10-4 kg/s. Both sections was heated from the bottom side. Heat...
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On Fast Multi-objective Optimization of Antenna Structures Using Pareto Front Triangulation and Inverse Surrogates
PublicationDesign of contemporary antenna systems is a challenging endeavor, where conceptual developments and initial parametric studies, interleaved with topology evolution, are followed by a meticulous adjustment of the structure dimensions. The latter is necessary to boost the antenna performance as much as possible, and often requires handling several and often conflicting objectives, pertinent to both electrical and field properties...
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Investigations of the Working Process in a Dual-Fuel Low-Emission Combustion Chamber for an FPSO Gas Turbine Engine
PublicationThis investigation is devoted to an analysis of the working process in a dual-fuel low-emission combustion chamber for a floating vessel’s gas turbine. The low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber with partial pre-mixing of fuel and air inside the outer and inner radial-axial swirlers was chosen as the object of research. When modelling processes in a dual-flow low-emission gas turbine combustion chamber, a generalized method...
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Thermal analysis of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) Casson fluid with suspended Iron (II, III) oxide-aluminum oxide-titanium dioxide ternary-hybrid nanostructures
PublicationThis study is carried out to enhance and analyze the thermal performance of non-Newtonian Casson fluid by immersing Ternary hybrid nanoparticles Fe3O4-Al2O3-TiO2 uniformly. To model the behaviour of such complex phenomena mathematically, a system of complex transport differential equations is developed by utilizing a non-Fourier heat transfer model for energy transport. The non-dimensional system of transport equations involving...
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Enhanced photocatalytic activity of transparent carbon nanowall/TiO2 heterostructures
PublicationThe synthesis of novel tunable carbon-based nanostructure represented a pivotal point to enhance the efficiency of existing photocatalysts and to extend their applicability to a wider number of sustainable processes. In this letter, we describe a transparent photocatalytic heterostructure by growing boron-doped carbon nanowalls (B-CNWs) on quartz, followed by a simple TiO2 sol-gel deposition. The effect on the thickness and boron-doping...
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Flow boiling of R1233zd(E) in a 3 mm vertical tube at moderate and high reduced pressures
PublicationThe results of flow boiling of R1233zd(E) in a 3 mm vertical stainless steel tube are presented at moderate and high saturation temperatures. Integral flow characteristics in the form of pressure drop and heat transfer coefficient are discussed for saturation temperatures ranging from 115 to 145 °C (corresponding reduced pressures from 0.2 to 0.7), mass velocity of 800 kg/m2s and heat flux of 20 kW/m2. All of the obtained heat...
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A High-Efficient Measurement System With Optimization Feature for Prototype CMOS Image Sensors
PublicationIn this paper, a gray-scale CMOS image sensor (CIS) characterization system with an optimization feature has been proposed. By using a very fast and precise control of light intensity, based on the pulsewidth-modulation method, it is avoided to measure the illuminance every time. These features accelerate the multicriteria CIS optimization requiring many thousands of measurements. The system throughput is 2.5 Gb/s, which allows...
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Experimental tests of lintel hybrid beams
PublicationThe results of experimental tests of lintel hybrid beams made of air concrete and prestressed concrete were presented in paper. Blocks of air concrete was a protective element for the construction one. The length of hybrid beams was 3.0 m, while total height 27 cm. It was assumed that hybrid beams will work in the simply-supported scheme (with a 10 cm support) loaded uniformly over the entire length. The object of the tests were...
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Multimodal Particle Swarm Optimization with Phase Analysis to Solve Complex Equations of Electromagnetic Analysis
PublicationIn this paper, a new meta-heuristic method of finding roots and poles of a complex function of a complex variable is presented. The algorithm combines an efficient space exploration provided by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and the classification of root and pole occurrences based on the phase analysis of the complex function. The method initially generates two uniformly distributed populations of particles on the complex...
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Numerical Modelling of Connections Between Stones in Foundations of Historical Buildings
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of old building foundations composed of stones (the main load-bearing elements) and mortar, based on numerical analysis. Some basic aspects of historical foundations are briefly discussed, with an emphasis on their development, techniques, and material. The behaviour of a foundation subjected to the loads transmitted from the upper parts of the structure is described...
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The importance of individual spray properties in performance improvement of a urea-SCR system employing flash-boiling injection
PublicationThe appropriate mixing of a urea–water solution (UWS) with exhaust gases in a selective catalytic reduction system is crucial to efficiently reduce nitrogen oxides and diminish the deposition of liquid wall film. One of the methods to enhance the mixing of the UWS with the exhaust gases is a flash-boiling injection. Its positive effect has been linked with a reduced Sauter mean diameter (SMD) and improved evaporation, but the...
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Highly crystalline colloidal nickel oxide hole transport layer for low-temperature processable perovskite solar cell
PublicationHighly crystalline NiOX usually requires high annealing temperature (>300 °C) which is incompatible with flexible substrate and might consume high amount of energy. Herein, we demonstrate a facile emulsion process to synthesize highly crystalline, low temperature deposition (<150 °C) and solution processable NiOx nanoparticles (NPs) as a hole transport layer for the perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). A novel surfactant of tetramethylammonium...
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PERS - QUIET ROAD SURFACE FOR URBAN AREAS
PublicationTraffic noise is one of the most important environmental problems in densely populated urban areas. At low speeds the tyre/road interaction dominates all other sources. It is anticipated that when electric and hybrid vehicles gain dominance in city traffic, the importance of tyre/road noise will still increase as electric engines are much less noisy than combustion engines. On the other hand, electric and hybrid urban vehicles...
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Przegląd historycznych i współczesnych wskaźników światła dziennego
PublicationArtykuł ten jest fragmentem pracy doktorskiej, która koncentruje się na badaniach roli nowoczesnych narzędzi projektowania światła dziennego w tworzeniu zrównoważonej architektury osiedli mieszkaniowych. Jednym z celów badań jest określenie, w jaki sposób współczesne narzędzia projektowe w zakresie światła dziennego mogą zaistnieć w projektowaniu urbanistycznym w Polsce. W artykule omówiono wybrane historyczne i współczesne parametry...