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Zagadnienia związane z eksploatacją sieci
PublicationZagadnienia eksploatacji sieci kanalizacyjnej. Procesu starzeniowe systemów - brak jednoznacznych ocen. Wpływ elementu lokalnego na stan techniczny sieci. Organizacja eksploatacji jej wpływ na ostateczna cenę usług. Sprzęt eksploatacyjny. Szczególne wymagania. Dywersyfikacja wysokości taryf w Polsce jako konsekwencja lekceważenia elementu kosztu eksploatacji oraz odpisu amortyzacyjnego
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Stabalization of solar-panel energy system for Pakistani household
PublicationRenewable energy resources such as Sun and wind are getting popular and easier to use day by day. It is a better method to fulfill our demands as sun is a continuous source of energy for Earth. Many countries are fulfilling their demands by Solar Panels. Solar panel is used as a converter between sunlight and electrical energy. This research paper is going to tell that how to obtain electrical energy from sunlight more efficiently...
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Application of deep eutectic solvents in bioanalysis
PublicationThe application of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) is sharply surging as a green alternative to conventional solvents due to their unique properties in terms of simplicity of preparation, designability and low cost. A great deal of attention has been paid to the application of these green solvents in analytical chemistry in recent years, and a lot of interesting work has been reported. This review summarizes the most relevant applications...
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Estimating Regions of Absolute Stability with the Use of Piecewise Linear Lyapunov Functions
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Thermoplastic starch nanocomposites using cellulose-rich Chrysopogon zizanioides nanofibers
PublicationGreen thermoplastic starch (TPS) nanocomposite films aided by cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) from Chrysopogon zizanioides roots were developed and characterized. When compared to other lignocellulosic fibers, Chrysopogon zizanioides roots revealed exceptionally high cellulose content (~48%). CNFs were separated using an environmentally friendly acid isolation technique that included three stages: (i) alkali treatment; (ii) bleaching;...
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Multi-Objective Water Distribution Systems Control of Pumping Cost, Water Quality, and Storage-Reliability Constraints
PublicationThis work describes a multi-objective model for trading-off pumping cost and water quality for water distribution systems operation. Constraints are imposed on flows and pressures, on periodical tanks operation, and on tanks storage. The methodology links the multi-objective SPEA2 algorithm with EPANET, and is applied on two example applications of increasing complexity, under extended period simulation conditions and variable...
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Molecularly imprinted polymers based on deep eutectic solvents as a greenest materials for selective extraction of emerging contaminants from complex samples
PublicationSome of the reagents applied in the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) may impact on health and the environment. Thus, a new generation of promising green chemicals are nowadays introduced and investigated, including deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs seems to be a reasonable choice as they are characterized as non-toxic, low cost, easy to prepare and biodegradable chemicals. This review presents the information...
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Targ Węglowy as the keystone of two ring road complexes of Gdańsk city centre
PublicationThe urban structure of Gdansk city centre is determined by two ring road complexes. The first of them, the Gdansk Ring, has been created as a result of a city defortification at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries and has been destroyed in the end of World War Two with the rest of Gdansk. The second, the Main Town Green Belt, has been formed in place of the medieval fortification system of the city’s most important historical...
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Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Poly(ester-Urethane-Urea)s Synthesized Using Biobased Diamine
PublicationModern polymer science and technology is focused on the development of partial or fully green polymers. This focus is related to green chemistry trends, which propose using natural and renewable resources as monomers in the synthesis of polymers. In this study, biobased diamine was used as a chain extender of ester-urethane prepolymer. Obtained poly(ester-urethane-urea) contains 16 wt% of biobased diamine. There is mention of an...
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Advanced nanomaterials and metal-organic frameworks for catalytic bio-diesel production from microalgal lipids – A review
PublicationIncreasing energy demands require exploring renewable, eco-friendly (green), and cost-effective energy resources. Among various sources of biodiesel, microalgal lipids are an excellent resource, owing to their high abundance in microalgal biomass. Transesterification catalyzed by advanced materials, especially nanomaterials and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), is a revolutionary process for overcoming the energy crisis. This review...
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Miniaturized solid phase microextratcion
PublicationWithout any doubt analytical laboratories have an essential role in environmental protection due to the fact that they takes an active part in the monitoring pollutants present in air, water or soil. From the other side, the analytical activity is involved in the generation of toxic waste what is associated with the use of not eco-friendly reagents and solvents. For these reasons, green analytical chemistry (GAC) was introduced...
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Is it possible to create a unified urban greenery management system (UGMS) on a national scale? The concept for EU Member State of Poland
PublicationMotives: Currently developed urban greenery management systems (UGMS) are limited in scope and profiled towards solving particular issues. Moreover, due to the lack of common standards and solutions, UGMS implementation requires considerable financial effort, which is only feasible for wealthy urban centres. There is a need for universal, cost-effective technological solutions which could constitute a common urban green infrastructure...
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AGREE—Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach and Software
PublicationGreen analytical chemistry focuses on making analytical procedures more environmentally benign and safer to humans. The amounts and toxicity of reagents, generated waste, energy requirements, the number of procedural steps, miniaturization, and automation are just a few of the multitude of criteria considered when assessing an analytical methodology’s greenness. The use of greenness assessment criteria requires dedicated tools. We...
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Polysaccharides in fabrication of membranes: A review
PublicationSustainability concerns have motivated and directed a great deal of interest over the past decade towards the development of green technologies. Polysaccharides are green polymers, which experienced growing demand to substitute chemically synthetic polymers. Different types of polysaccharides i.e. cellulose-, starch-, chitin- alginate-, and chitosan-based carbohydrate polymers have been applied in the fabrication of separation...
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Use of Bi-Temporal ALS Point Clouds for Tree Removal Detection on Private Property in Racibórz, Poland
PublicationTrees growing on private property have become an essential part of urban green policies. In many places, restrictions are imposed on tree removal on private property. However, monitoring compliance of these regulations appears difficult due to a lack of reference data and public administration capacity. We assessed the impact of the temporary suspension of mandatory permits on tree removal, which was in force in 2017 in Poland,...
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Sustainable Waste Management for Implementation of a Circular Economy Model in a Port
PublicationThe manuscript presents the management of waste from marine vessels and cargo handling companies in a selected European Union port. The main objective of the paper is to analyse and evaluate the existing waste management model in the port of Szczecin in the context of circular economy. The expert research carried out is aimed, inter alia, at identifying which of the solutions currently in use need to be improved from an environmental...
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Ab initio chemical kinetics of Isopropyl acetate oxidation with OH radicals
PublicationGlobal reactivity descriptors of isopropyl acetate (IPA) and thermo-kinetic aspects of its oxidation via OH radicals have been studied. Transition state theory (TST) was utilized to estimate the bimolecular rate constants. Ten oxidation pathways have been investigated, and all of them are exothermic. The potential energy diagram has been sketched using different pre- and post-reactive complexes for all reaction pathways. Rate coefficient...
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Use of hop cone extract obtained under supercritical CO2 conditions for producing antibacterial all-purpose cleaners
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Improving the prediction of biochar production from various biomass sources through the implementation of eXplainable machine learning approaches
PublicationExamining the game-changing possibilities of explainable machine learning techniques, this study explores the fast-growing area of biochar production prediction. The paper demonstrates how recent advances in sensitivity analysis methodology, optimization of training hyperparameters, and state-of-the-art ensemble techniques have greatly simplified and enhanced the forecasting of biochar output and composition from various biomass...
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Research, theories and practical experience of therapeutic landscapes as a tool for urban open space design
PublicationThis paper reviews the research on therapeutic landscapes and discusses the design of urban parks and open green space. Firstly, the most relevant research on therapeutic landscapes is reviewed. Secondly, the practical experience of healing and therapeutic gardens is discussed. Finally, the conclusions leading to future use of therapeutic landscape concept in urban open space design are presented.
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Selected issues related to the toxicity of ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents—a review
PublicationGreen Chemistry plays a more and more important role in implementing rules of sustainable development to prevent environmental pollution caused by technological processes, while simultaneously increasing the production yield. Ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) constitute a very broad group of substances. Apart from many imperfections, ILs and DESs have been the most promising discoveries in the world of Green...
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Application of TOPSIS for Selection and Assessment of Analytical Procedures for Ibuprofen Determination in Wastewater
PublicationThis paper describes the possible implementation of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) as green analytical chemistry metrics tools. TOPSIS is one of the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools that is applied in the selection of the best alternative from many possible. In this case we have applied it to assess the nineteen analytical procedures for ibuprofen determination in wastewater...
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Ultrasound assisted extraction
PublicationThe use of green and sustainable extraction techniques is very popular topic in the multidisciplinary area of chemistry, biology and technology. There is no doubt that extraction constitutes a very important step of analytical procedures of separation, detection, identification and determination of wide spectrum analytes from samples characterized by complex and very often nonhomogeneous composition of matrix. Traditional techniques...
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ENERGY EFFICIENT SMALL INLAND PASSENGER SHUTTLE FERRY WITH HYBRID PROPULSION - CONCEPT DESIGN, CALCULATIONS AND MODEL TESTS
PublicationIn recent years, there has been a significant development in “green” and energy efficient propulsion systems, which fits into the general trend of environmentally friendly “green shipping”. The pursued goal is to construct a safe passenger ship that is low in energy demand and equipped with a highly energy efficient, emission-free propulsion system. The paper presents main problems encountered by designers of a small, hybrid-powered...
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Multicriteria decision analysis in ranking of analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water
PublicationThe study presents the possibility of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) application when choosing analytical procedures with low environmental impact. A type of MCDA, Preference Ranking Organization Method for Enrichment Evaluations (PROMETHEE), was chosen as versatile tool that meets all the analytical chemists – decision makers requirements. Twenty five analytical procedures for aldrin determination in water samples (as...
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Green's function for the wavized Maxwell fish-eye problem
PublicationRozpatrzono niezależne od czasu skalarne równanie falowe dla ośrodka typu ''rybie oko'' Maxwella w przestrzeni R^N (N >=2). Pokazano, że równanie to posiada unikalne własności transformacyjne względem inwersji w pewnej klasie hipersfer. Wykorzystano ten fakt do znalezienia zamkniętej postaci funkcji Greena, oraz uogólnionej funkcji Greena, dla wyjściowego równania.
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Comparative Greenness Evaluation
PublicationGreenness of analytical procedure is multivariable aspect as many greenness criteria should be taken into consideration. On the other hand, modern analytical chemistry offers dozens of analytical procedures, based on different sample preparation and final determination techniques that are used for the determination of a given analyte in a given matrix. For such complex decision-making processes, multi-criteria decision analysis...
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Voltage variations and their reduction in a rural low-voltage network with PV sources of energy
PublicationRenewable sources of energy (RES), especially photovoltaic (PV) micro-sources, are very popular in many countries. This way of clean power production is applied on a wide scale in Poland as well. The Polish legal regulations and tariffs specify that every prosumer in a low-voltage network may feed this network with a power not higher than the maximum declared consumed power. In power networks with RES, the voltage level changes...
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Propozycja zmian w rozliczeniach za energię bierną
PublicationW artykule opisano możliwe do wprowadzenia zmiany w zasadach rozliczeń za energię bierną w taryfach operatorów sieci dystrybucyjnych stosowanych w Polsce. Jako najbardziej celowe wskazano modyfikacje taryf w celu poprawy ich funkcji motywacyjnej w odniesieniu do użytkowników systemów dystrybucyjnych. Zwrócono uwagę na nowe problemy wynikające z pracy rozproszonych wytwórców. Omówiono sposób rozliczeń możliwy do efektywnego wdrożenia...
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Exploring avian exposure to parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs): Using the common eider Somateria mollissima in a global context
PublicationCompared to other organic contaminants, birds are rarely studied for their exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), mainly due to their effective metabolization of parent PAHs. However, as some studies suggest, exposure to PAHs may result in adverse health effects including decreased survival, especially following oil spills. In the present study, we analyzed samples from a sea duck, the common eider Somateria mollissima...
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Public Participation practice versus economic pressure: transformation of the Gdansk Coastal Strip
PublicationThe paper focuses on the issue of public participation in the areas that are particularly sensitive to the transformation processes based on the case study of Gdańsk Coastal Strip. Moreover the article presents the outcome of an innovative attempt at promotion of public participation introduced in university education that was built on the experiences gathered during elaboration of the pro publico bono project of the Coastal Strip...
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Assessment and design of greener deep eutectic solvents – A multicriteria decision analysis
PublicationDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are often considered as green solvents because of their properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, biodegradability, low toxicity or natural origin of their components. Due to the fact that DES are cheaper than ionic liquids, they have gained many applications in a short period of time. However, claims about their greenness sometimes seem to be exaggerated. Especially, bearing in mind lots of data...
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Nanostructure of the laser-modified transition metal nanocomposites for water splitting
PublicationAlthough hydrogen is considered by many to be the green fuel of the future, nowadays it is primarily produced through steam reforming, which is a process far from ecological. Therefore, emphasis is being put on the development of electrodes capable of the efficient production of hydrogen and oxygen from water. To make the green alternative possible, the solution should be cost-efficient and well processable, generating less waste...
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Analytical procedures for short chain chlorinated paraffins determination - How to make them greener?
PublicationThe aim of the following paper was to gather current scientific information about the analytical protocols dedicated to measuring the content level of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs) in various types of environmental samples. Moreover, the data about the basic validation parameters of applied procedures for SCCPs determination are listed. The main issue which is highlighted in the paper is the possibility of the application...
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Lithuania inland waterways and its prospects
PublicationInland waterways have some traditions in Lithuania and in neighbor Countries, but during last 50 years other modes of transport move out inland waterway transport from real economical activity. In the same time inland waterways is the main green and sustainable transport system. In this article are presented analysis situation, methodology for the ships optimal using in inland waterways, forecasting of the possible cargo and passenger...
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Cognitive network model dedicated to transport system telematics
PublicationThe paper defines the concept of cognitive radio, in the context of transport systems, with particular emphasis on modern ecological concept of “green cognitive radio”. In addition, in the paper a modified cognitive network model dedicated to transport system telematics is proposed and presented. Algorithms to support the functioning of the cognitive radio are discussed. Sensors necessary to use the network to support cognitive...
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Tripping of F-type RCDs for High-Frequency Residual Currents
PublicationResidual current devices (RCDs) are apparatus commonly used for protection against electric shock in low-voltage electrical installations. They protect people in the case of an earth fault or even in the case of direct contact with the live parts. However, to be effective protective devices, RCDs have to detect residual currents of various waveform shapes which appear in modern electrical installations. For this purpose, RCDs...
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Tripping of F-type RCDs for sinusoidal residual current with superimposed smooth DC component
PublicationRecent trends in green energy development make that photovoltaics and electric vehicles are applied on an increasing scale. In both photovoltaic and electric vehicle charging installations, a significant value of DC component of the earth fault current may appear, which is a challenge, in particular, for commonly used residual current devices (RCDs). This paper presents results of the laboratory test on the operation of F-type...
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Behavior of residual current devices at frequencies up to 50 kHz
PublicationThe use of residual current devices (RCDs) is obligatory in many types of low-voltage circuits. They are devices that ensure protection against electric shock in the case of indirect contact and may ensure additional protection in the case of direct contact. For the latter purpose of protection, only RCDs of a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA are suitable. Unfortunately, modem current-using equipment supplied...
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Tripping of F-type RCDs for high-frequency residual currents
PublicationResidual current devices (RCDs) are apparatus commonly used for protection against electric shock in low-voltage electrical installations. They protect people in the case of an earth fault or even in the case of direct contact with the live parts. However, to be effective protective devices, RCDs have to detect residual currents of various waveform shapes which appear in modern electrical installations. For this purpose, RCDs are...
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Improved Bandwidth of Microstrip Wide-Slot Antenna Using Gielis Curves
PublicationThe development of a broadband printed wide-slot antenna based on Gielis curves is presented in this article. The printed wide-slot antenna can be conveniently reshaped to achieve ultra-wideband performance by using superformula. The distinct advantage of employing the superformula in design of wide-slot antenna lies in its ability to define nearly any geometric shape including non-standard, complex and non-intuitive for the wide-slot...
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Microextraction Techniques Used in the Procedures for Determining Organomercury and Organotin Compounds in Environmental Samples
PublicationDue to human activities, the concentrations of organometallic compounds in all parts of the environment have increased in recent decades. The toxicity and some biochemical properties of mercury and tin present in the environment depend on the concentration and chemical form of these two elements. The ever-increasing demand for determining compounds at very low concentration levels in samples with complex matrices requires...
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Lead(II) coordination polymers with imidazole-4- and pyrazole-3-carboxylate isomeric linkers: Structural diversity and luminescence properties
PublicationUsing 1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid (4imCOOH) and 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (3pyrCOOH) coordination polymers [Pb(4imCOO)2(H2O)]n (1) and [Pb2(3pyrCOO)4]n (2) were constructed. Obtained polymers were characterized via FT-IR, X-ray, PL and TG methods. The coordination polyhedron around Pb(II) in 1 is described as distorted pentagonal pyramid with hemidirected coordination sphere (based on DFT calculations). Compound 2 consists...
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Niebezpieczeństwo ukryte w żywności-aminy biogenne. Cz. II. Metody oznaczania i wyzwania.
PublicationZe względu na aktywność biologiczną amin biogennych ich oznaczanie zarówno jakościowe, jak i ilościowe w żywności ma istotne znaczenie w celu zapewnienia ochrony zdrowia i życia ludzkiego. Obecnie do monitoringu amin biogennych w żywności najczęściej wykorzystuje się: wysokosprawną chromatografię cieczową (HPLC), chromatografię cienkowarstwową (TLC) oraz absorpcyjną spektrofotometrię cząsteczkową. Są to jednak techniki czasochłonne,...
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Sample Preparation in Foodomics: Miniaturized Solid-Phase Extraction
PublicationAnalytical chemists face a challenge to bring comprehensive information on a given food and biological sample by using the best available analytical techniques and meet the requirements of sustainable development and green chemistry at the same time. A key objective of this chapter is to review selected literature data on the utilization of solid-phase extraction techniques with special attention to their miniaturized modes in...
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Superconductivity at 2.2 K in the layered oxypnictideLa3Ni4P4O2
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Can photocatalysis help in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic?
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Greener organic solvents in analytical chemistry
PublicationThe paper presents the most recent advances in analytical applications of greener organic solvents. Substitution of problematic solvents with more benign organic ones is much easier than shifting to technique applying alternative solvents, such as ionic liquids or supercritical fluids. In the area of liquid chromatography greener mobile phases, much attention is given to application ethanol or acetone instead of acetonitrile. Solvent-based...
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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) determination in disposable baby diapers with the application of natural deep eutectic solvent
PublicationIn this work a new method involving solvent extraction of porous membrane-packed solid samples (SE-PMSS) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the determination of six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines (PCDDs) in disposable baby diapers. In that aim, a terpenoid-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of carvone and camphor in a 1:1 M ratio...
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Deep eutectic solvents with solid supports used in microextraction processes applied for endocrine-disrupting chemicals
PublicationThe determination of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) has become one of the biggest challenges in Analytical Chemistry. Due to the low concentration of these compounds in different kinds of samples, it becomes necessary to employ efficient sample preparation methods and sensitive measurement techniques to achieve low limits of detection. This issue becomes even more struggling when the principles of the Green Analytical Chemistry...