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Search results for: EMISSION ALLOWANCES
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Reduction of spectral interferences in atmospheric pressure glow discharge optical emission spectrometry
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Mitigating the Energy Consumption and the Carbon Emission in the Building Structures by Optimization of the Construction Processes
PublicationFor decades, among other industries, the construction sector has accounted for high energy consumption and emissions. As the energy crisis and climate change have become a growing concern, mitigating energy usage is a significant issue. The operational and end of life phases are all included in the building life cycle stages. Although the operation stage accounts for more energy consumption with higher carbon emissions, the...
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Organomercury Compounds in Environmental Samples: Emission Sources, Toxicity, Environmental Fate, and Determination
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Structure of Kα1,2 - and Kβ1,3 -emission x-ray spectra for Se, Y, and Zr
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Boron doped Nanocrystalline Diamond-Carbon Nanospike Hybrid Electron Emission Source
PublicationElectron emission signifies an important mechanism facilitating the enlargement of devices that have modernized large parts of science and technology. Today, the search for innovative electron emission devices for imaging, sensing, electronics, and high-energy physics continues. Integrating two materials with dissimilar electronic properties into a hybrid material is an extremely sought-after synergistic approach envisioning a...
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A novel concept of negative CO2 emission power plant for utilization of sewage sludge
PublicationCarbon Capture and Storage (CSS) technology is considered an important “bridge technology”, allowing effective abatement of CO2 emissions for power units using fossil fuels. However, if biomass is used in a power plant, equipped with CCS system, negative CO2 emissions can be achieved. In practice, wide development of such technologies would enable not only reduction of CO2 emissions, but also reversal of the harm done so far. In...
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Possibility of Application of Magnetoacoustic Emission for the Assessment of Plastic Deformation Level in Ferrous Materials
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących możliwości zastosowana emisji magnetoakustycznej (EMA) do nieniszczącej oceny stopnia deformacji plastycznej próbek poddanych jednoosiowemu rozciąganiu. Przebadane zostały cztery różne materiały: stale 13HMF, CSN12021 i P91 oraz żelazo Armco. Badania pokazały, że różne parametry magnetyczne i magnetoakustyczne badanych materiałów mogą zmieniać się w rożny sposób, jednakże zawsze obserwuje...
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Dependence of the toxic components exhaust emission from the car engine starting temperature
PublicationW publikacji opisano wyniki badań empirycznych zależności stężeń toksycznych składników spalin od stanu cieplnego silnika w chwili rozruchu. Zwrócono uwagę na duże stężenia w pierwszych kilkudziesięciu sekundach po rozruchu. Badano silniki samochodów osobowych zarówno w eksploatacji jak i na hamowni podwoziowej.
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Determination of metals in water samples by atomic absorption spectrometry and flame emission spectrometry
PublicationMetal species in environmental waters are relevant to characterize the metal toxicity, the mobility between different environmental compartments, and for remediation purposes in case of contamination. The concentration of many trace metals in natural water samples are generally at µg/l level. The paper describes determination of metals in water samples based on flame atomic emission and flame atomic absorption spectrometry.
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Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Structural Elements of a Ship for Detection of Fatigue and Corrosion Damages
PublicationUszkodzenia korozyjne i pęknięcia zmęczeniowe są głównymi przyczynami defektów strukturalnych we wszystkich środkach transportu takich jak statki, cysterny drogowe i kolejowe. Oba typy degradacji tzn. degradacja materiału i konstrukcji są przedmiotem badań przeprowadzanych w projekcie badawczym VII Programu Ramowego Unii Europejskiej o nazwie ''Monitorowanie efektywnych kosztów korozji i zmęczenia w środkach transportu'' (akronim...
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High Frequency Harmonics Emission of Modern Power Electronic AC-DC Converters
PublicationModern AC/DC converters with bidirectional power flow employing PWM boost topology generate harmonic distortions of input current in relatively high frequency range tightly related to modulation carrier frequency. These frequencies and its multiples in typical applications are usually located in frequency range from single up to several of kHz. Increased harmonic emission in this frequency range can easily and harmfully influence...
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Organomercury compounds in environmental samples: emission sources, toxicity, environmental fate and determination.
PublicationIn view of the specific properties of mercury and its capability of forming compounds that can be bioaccumulated and biomagnified at successive levels of the trophic pyramid, it has become necessary to gather detailed information on the sources of emission of this element into the environment and its fate there. Moreover, the increasing awareness of the relationship between the toxicity of mercury and its chemical form has sharpened...
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Characteristics of volatile organic compounds emission profiles from hot road bitumens
PublicationA procedure for the investigation and comparison of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission profiles to the atmosphere from road bitumens with various degrees of oxidation is proposed. The procedure makes use of headspace analysis and gas chromatography with universal as well as selective detection, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The studies revealed that so-called vacuum residue, which is the main component...
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Evaluation of the photoprotective effect of ˇ-cyclodextrin on the emission of volatile degradation products of ranitidine
PublicationThe process of the photo-excitation of ranitidine hydrochloride (RAN) in a solid state makes visible changes to its colour and generates an unpleasant odour. The purpose of the present study was to observe the protective effects of ˇ-cyclodextrin (CD) complexation as well as the effect of the mixture of two stoichiometries 1:1 and 1:2 (RAN:CD, IC) on the photostability of samples in a solid state. Sam- ples of inclusion complexes...
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ENERGY AND EMISSION QUALITY RANKING OF NEWLY PRODUCED LOW-SULPHUR MARINE FUEL
PublicationThe article describes the methodology of engine tests on new types of low-sulphur marine fuels in laboratory conditions in order to conduct a comprehensive assessment of their suitability for powering full-size marine engines. The innovativeness of the proposed solution consists of adapting the laboratory Diesel Engine Test Bed to carry out experimental tests using residual and alternative fuels so that it is possible to imitate...
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Negative impact of constant RPM control strategy on ship NOx emission in waves
PublicationIn severe wave conditions, the ship propulsion system is loaded with high fluctuations due to external disturbances. The highly fluctuating loads enforce radical changes in the main engine torque, which in turn demands variation of the fuel rate injected into the cylinders if a constant rotational speed strategy is applied. Therefore, the temperature of gases varies to a large extent during the combustion process in the cylinders....
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A Study on Emission of Airborne Wear Particles from Car Brake Friction Pairs
PublicationThe emission of airborne wear particles from friction material / cast iron pairs used in car brakes was investigated, paying special attention to the influence of temperature. Five low-metallic materials and one non-asbestos organic material were tested using a pin-on-disc machine. The machine was placed in a sealed chamber to allow airborne particle collection. The concentration and size distribution of 0.0056 to 10 μm particles...
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Spontaneous electron emission vs dissociation in internally hot silver dimer anions
PublicationReferring to a recent experiment, we theoretically study the process of a two-channel decay of the diatomic silver anion (Ag2-), namely the spontaneous electron ejection giving Ag2 + e- and the dissociation leading to Ag- + Ag. The ground state potential energy curves of the silver molecules of diatomic neutral and negative ion were calculated using proper pseudo-potentials and atomic basis sets. We also estimated the non-adiabatic...
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COMPARISON OF NOISE EMISSION OF HCT AND CLASSIC VEHICLE COMBINATIONS FOR TIMBER TRANSPORTATION IN SWEDEN
PublicationBy means of a special simulation tool, the noise emission of a high-capacity heavy vehicle (11 axles) was compared to that of a classic heavy vehicle (a truck-dolly-semitrailer with 8 axles). The two cases are designated “Extended vehicle” versus “Classic vehicle” in this study, having total lengths of 34 and 25 m, respectively. The Classic vehicle represents the most common articulated heavy vehicle configuration for transport...
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Experimental study of corrosion in reinforced concrete by acoustic emission and electrochemical noise techniques
PublicationTechnika emisji akustycznej jest znaną metodą badań korozji zbrojenia żelbetu. Źródłem aktywności akustycznej są zawsze zjawiska o naturze mechanicznej. Przedstawiono wynik badań akustycznych zbrojonego betonu w warunkach polaryzacji anodowej, przyspieszającej procesy korozyjne. Symultanicznie prowadzona była rejestracja szumu elektrochemicznego. Dla umożliwienia korelacji wyników, uzyskanych obiema technikami, wykonana została...
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The Port of Split international marine traffic emissions inventory
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NOx Emissions from Regenerator of Calcium Looping Process
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Changes of emissions and atmospheric deposition of mercury, lead and cadmium
PublicationPrzedstawiono informacje o zmianach emisji rtęci, ołowiu i kadmu w przeszłości, jak również przedyskutowano poziom aktualnych emisji tych zanieczyszczeń oraz ich scenariusze zmian w przyszłości. Przeanalizowano wpływ różnych parametrów na zmiany emisji w tym stopień implementacji różnych strategii kontroli emisji w Europie. Scenariusze zmian emisji w przyszłości oparte są na scenariuszach rozwoju gospodarczego w poszczególnych...
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Decreasing CO2 Emissions By Reducing Tire Rolling Resistance
PublicationThe first motor vehicle was built by Nicolas Cugnot almost 250 years ago and since then there has been a continuous process of motor vehicles’ improvements, as well as development of new road pavements. The fuel crisis of the 70s of the 20th century made it clear to vehicle builders that measures should be taken to reduce vehicle fuel consumption and it contributed to an increased interest in electric vehicles. Although significant...
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Improving Patient Compliance with Hypertension Treatment: Mission Possible?
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Wireless Networks as an Infrastructure for Mission-Critical Business Applications
PublicationDespite the dynamic growth of wireless network systems, their pres-ence in business-support infrastructure has been limited. In the article we provide an overview of generic corporate network architecture and examine usefulness of available wireless network solutions in such systems. Following this overview we analyze new wireless network architecture which currently undergoes standardization process - wireless mesh. It can result...
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Portal of Portals - MISSION (Socrates Minerva 2001-2003).
PublicationPrzedstawiono koncepcję budowy portalu dla projektu Socrates Minerva MISSION. Z powodu dużej ilości partnerów biorących udział w projekcie, dużej ilości różnorodnych zadań do wykonania przez różne kraje, zaproponowano podział portalu na oddzielne części (baza danych, narzędzia, serwisy) i podpiąć tylko linki do menu na stronie głównej zlokalizowanej na serwerze CEN PG.
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Modeling of effect of plastic deformation on Barkhausen noise and magnetoacoustic emission in iron with 2% silicon
PublicationW modelowaniu zaadaptowano model Alessandro-Beatrice-Bertotti-Montorsi dla opisu ruchu granic nie-180 stopniowych oraz model Jiles-Atherton dla opisu wpływu plastycznej deformacji na natężenie efektu Barkhausena oraz emisji magnetoakustcznej.
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Mercury emission to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources in Europe in 2000 and their scenarios until 2020
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Emisja rtęci z polskiej energetyki = Mercury emission from polish energy sector
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Impact of forecasted changes in Polish economy (2015 and 2020) on nutrient emission into the river basins
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The Influence of Oxygenated Diesel Fuels on a Diesel Vehicle PM/NOx Emission Trade-Off
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Analysis of Emission Factors in RDE Tests As Well as in NEDC and WLTC Chassis Dynamometer Tests
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Exhaust Emission from Passenger Cars During Engine Cold Start and Warm-Up
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An Experimental Study of Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine with Fuel Injector Malfunctions
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NOx emission from a two-stroke ship engine: Part 2 – Laboratory test
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NOx emission from a two-stroke ship engine. Part 1: Modeling aspect
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An experimental study of emission and combustion characteristics of marine diesel engine with fuel pump malfunctions
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Chromium(III)-Doped Fluoride Phosphors with Broadband Infrared Emission for Light-Emitting Diodes
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Different Aspects of the Elemental Analysis of Honey by Flame Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectrometry: A Review
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Atmospheric emission of nitric oxide and processes involved in its biogeochemical transformation in terrestrial environment
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Influence of hydrothermal treatment on selenium emission-reduction and transformation from low-ranked coal
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A study of a compact high-efficiency zero-emission power plant with oxy-fuel combustion
PublicationThis paper discusses the application of global trends in gas cycles technology using oxy-fuel combustion. This is followed by a demonstration of a design solution for a new cycle with two enhanced energy-converting devices, namely a wet combustion chamber and a spray-ejector condenser. The proposed gas and steam cycle unit is contained within a single turbine, whose benefits combine those offered by gas turbines (high inlet temperatures)...
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Methodology for implementing power plant efficiency standards for power generation: potential emission reduction
PublicationSome methods of generating power such as power generation through coal, natural gas, oil result in inevitable emissions of greenhouse gases. While power generation is necessary due to its increasing demand, it is important for power companies to generate their power in an efcient manner to reduce its efect on the environment. One of the most efective ways of tackling inefciency issues is through the implementation of efciency standard....
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Emisja rtęci z polskiej energetyki = Mercury emission from polish energy sector
PublicationEnergetyka jest głównym źródłem emisji rtęci- według krajowej inwentaryzacji emisji metali ciężkich. Jednak podawana emisja z elektrowni i elektrociepłowni spalających węgiel kamienny wydaje się być zawyżona. Najnowsze badania wykazują niższą zawartość rtęci w węglu kamiennym (50-150 ppb) niż w węglu brunatnym (120-370ppb). Istnieje zatem potrzeba weryfikacji stosowanych wskaźników emisji dla procesów spalania węgla, które służą...
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Evaluation of Barkhausen Noise and Magnetoacoustic Emission Signals Properties for Plastically Deformed Armco Iron
PublicationArtykuł prezentuje wyniki badania wpływu różnych rodzajów deformacji plastycznej na właściwości magnetoakustyczne żelaza Armco. Badane były dwie serie próbek - pierwsza składała się ze wstępnie wyżarzonych próbek, które następnie były walcowane na zimno, w skład drugiej wchodziły natomiast próbki wycięte z komercyjnie dostępnej blachy wykonanej z żelaza Armco a następnie poddane obciążeniom rozciągającym. Walcowanie na zimno prowadzi...
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Prediction of the Mechanical Properties of P91 Steel by Means of Magneto-acoustic Emission and Acoustic Birefringence
PublicationThe paper describes an application of nondestructive volumetric magnetic and ultrasonic techniques for evaluation of the selected mechanical parameter variations of P91 steel having direct influence on its suitability for further use in critical components used in power plants. Two different types of deformation processes were carried out. First, a series of the P91 steel specimens was subjected to creep and second, one to plastic...
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State of the art in the field of emission reduction of sulphur dioxide produced during coal combustion
PublicationThe need for clean coal technologies to reduce the adverse environmental impact of coal combustion products has been grounded. The article deals with information concerning present and future technologies, directed towards the struggle against air pollution by SO2, produced during coal combustion. Their classification and critical rating from economical and technological points of views (including those developed by authors) have...
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The influence of elastic deformation on the properties of the magnetoacoustic emission (mae) signal for go electrical steel
PublicationZbadano własciwości sygnału emisji magnetoakustycznej (MAE) elektrotechnicznej stali GO poddanej deformacji plastycznej w temperaturze pokojowej
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Application of acoustic emission for detection of fatigue microdemage in main and crank bearings for diesel engines
PublicationThe article presents reasons for applying the acoustic emission (AE) to detect fatigue microdamage in main bearings and crank bearings of ship main engines. Problem of determination of the fatigue life for slide bearing bushes was characterized in general. There were demonstrated properties of the objects of research, which were bushings made of the MB58 alloy, as well as an overall description of the research. It was shown that...