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Remote Monitoring System for Impedance Spectroscopy using Wireless Sensor Network
PublicationThe architecture of a miniaturized impedanceanalyser with wireless communication module for remoteImpedance Spectroscopy (IS) of anticorrosion coatings ondifficult-to-reach objects (e.g. on the steel construction ofthe bridge) is described in this paper. Some practical aspectsof implementation of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) arealso discussed. A low scale, middle range, WSN networkcomposed of a Base Station (BS) with a Personal...
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Evaluation of Six Degrees of Freedom 3D Audio Orchestra Recording and Playback using multi-point Ambisonic interpolation
PublicationThis paper describes a strategy for recording sound and enabling six-degrees-of-freedom playback, making use of multiple simultaneous and synchronized Higher Order Ambisonics (HOA) recordings. Such a strategy enables users to navigate in a simulated 3D space and listen to the six-degrees-of-freedom recordings from different perspectives. For the evaluation of the proposed approach, an Unreal Engine-based navigable 3D audiovisual...
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New type T-Source inverter
PublicationThis paper presents different topologies of voltage inverters with alternative input LC networks. The basic topology is known in the literature as a Z-source inverter (ZSI). Alternative passive networks were named by the authors as T-sources. T-source inverter has fewer reactive components in comparison to conventional Z-source inverter. The most significant advantage of the T-source inverter (TSI) is its use of a common voltage...
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Research on the wear evenness of the tool in flat lapping
PublicationIn this paper, the dimensionless distribution of the material removal stock and the trajectories of abrasive grains cutting in single-sided lapping process are presented. They were numerically simulated based on the tribological model and kinematics equations. It can be observed that the trajectories geometry of single abrasive as well the velocities have a great influence on the final geometrical deviation. During machining, the...
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Statistical significance of displacements in heterogeneous control networks
PublicationThis paper proposes a modification of the classical process for evaluating the statistical significance of displacements in the case of heterogeneous (e.g. linear-angular) control networks established to deformation measurements and analysis. The basis for the proposed solution is the idea of local variance factors. The theoretical discussion was complemented with an example of its application on a simulated horizontal control...
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Compensation of supply current harmonics, reactive power, and unbalanced load current balance in the closed-loop control of a shunt active power filter
PublicationThis paper presents the compensation tasks performed by a shunt active power filter, including compensation of harmonic currents, reactive power, and an unbalanced load current. The paper demonstrates novel control of the shunt active power filter in a closed-loop system. The control algorithm was verified by performing simulations and compared the simulated results with those obtained in an open-loop control system. All simulations...
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On the broadband behaviour of planar elliptical dipole-modal approach
PublicationBroadband behavior of planar elliptical dipole structure is analyzed using Illuminatin Modes (IM) approach. The current on patch has been expanded in series of eigenfunctions in form of Mathieu radial and angular functions. The frequency behavior of current distributions and related powers have been discussed to explain the mechanism of broadband operation of the dipole. Different behavior of radiations patterns in wide frequency...
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Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
PublicationBackground. Increased mechanical loading and pathological response of joint tissue to the abnormal mechanical stress can cause degradation of cartilage characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Despite osteoarthritis is risk factor for the development of meniscal lesions the mechanism of degenerative meniscal lesions is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the influence of medial compartment knee OA...
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Comparing the permeability of human and porcine small intestinal mucus for particle transport studies
PublicationThe gastrointestinal mucus layer represents the last barrier between ingested food or orally administered pharmaceuticals and the mucosal epithelium. This complex gel structure plays an important role in the process of small intestinal absorption. It provides protection against hazardous particles such as bacteria but allows the passage of nutrients and drug molecules towards the intestinal epithelium. In scientific research, mucus...
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Application of Multinomial Logistic Regression to Model the Impact of Rainfall Genesis on the Performance of Storm Overflows: Case Study
PublicationIn this study, a mathematical model was proposed to analyze the performance of storm overfows. The model included the infuence of rainfall genesis on the duration of storm overfow, its volume, and the maximum instantaneous fow. The multinomial logistic regression model, which has not been used so far to model objects located in a stormwater system, was proposed to simulate the duration of storm overfow. The Iman–Conover method,...
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TMSCl Promoted Acylation of Amines with 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's Acids - Elucidation of Mechanism.
PublicationRecently we have observed accelerating influence of trimethyl silyl chloride addition on the rate of the reactions of 5-(α-amino- α'-hydroxy)methylene Meldrum's Acids with amines, particularly in the case of highly basic amines. However the nature of the aforementioned process remain unexplained. In proposed communication we wish to report insightful elucidation of this mechanism. The reaction under investigation involves simply...
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An optimized system for sensor ontology meta-matching using swarm intelligent algorithm
PublicationIt is beneficial to annotate sensor data with distinct sensor ontologies in order to facilitate interoperability among different sensor systems. However, for this interoperability to be possible, comparable sensor ontologies are required since it is essential to make meaningful links between relevant sensor data. Swarm Intelligent Algorithms (SIAs), namely the Beetle Swarm Optimisation Algorithm (BSO), present a possible answer...
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Ultrafast degradation of brilliant cresyl blue under hydrodynamic cavitation based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)
PublicationThe study highlights effectiveness of hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) in the degradation of effluents polluted by Brilliant Cresyl Blue (BCB) dye. Optimal process parameters were cavitation number 0.27, inlet pressure 1.70 bar, temperature 20 °C and pH 7. The efficiency of HC was investigated in combination with other advanced oxidation processes, including the addition of external oxidants (hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and sodium persulfate)...
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Alternative Modeling of Volunteer Based Systems
PublicationThe canonical approach to model a flow of a voluntary based computing, as presented in Chapter 7 may tax the capacity of the simulator, especially when a more complex model of Voluntary Computing, proposed in [1], is used which would imply that, for typical heterogeneous groups of volunteers, several thousands of threads would have to be run inside the simulator, to mimic closely the behaviour of every volunteer. This chapter presents...
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Reactions in nanofilms of trifluoroacetic acid (CF3COOH) driven by low energy electrons
PublicationBadano modyfikacje chemiczne indukowane przez niskoenergetyczne elektrony (0-20eV) w cienkich warstwach skondensowanych molekuł CF3COOH. Do badań zastosowano dwie metody: desorpcję jonów w wyniku bombardowania elektronami (ESD - Electron Stimulated Desorption) oraz termiczną desorpcję jonów (TDS - Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy).
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Application of vertical flow cw for highly contaminated wastewater treatment
PublicationBasing on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of reject waters generated during digested sewage sludge dewatering on centrifuges in conventional WWTP (RWC) and municipal landfill leachate (LL), the pilot constructed wetlands for treatment of both types of highly contaminated wastewater were designed. In the paper the characteristics of the pilot plants and assumed treatment efficiencies are presented. According to the...
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Innovative strategies: Combining treatments for advanced wastewater purification
PublicationWater scarcity is a pressing global challenge, driving the urgent need for effective wastewater treatment solutions. With untreated wastewater extensively employed, particularly in agriculture, the significance of proper treatment becomes evident, as it presents a more practical and ecologically responsible alternative. This chapter explores the diverse treatment approaches encompassing chemical, physical, and biological methods,...
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Enhancing rheological muscle models with stochastic processes
PublicationPurpose: Biological musculoskeletal systems operate under variable conditions. Muscle stiffness, activation signals, and loads change during each movement. The presence of noise and different harmonic components in force production significantly influences the behaviour of the muscular system. Therefore, it is essential to consider these factors in numerical simulations. Methods: This study aims to develop a rheological mathematical...
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A New Expression for the 3-D Dyadic FDTD-Compatible Green's Function Based on Multidimensional Z-Transform
PublicationIn this letter, a new analytic expression for the time-domain discrete Green's function (DGF) is derived for the 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grid. The derivation employs the multidimensional Z-transform and the impulse response of the discretized scalar wave equation (i.e., scalar DGF). The derived DGF expression involves elementary functions only and requires the implementation of a single function in the multiple-precision...
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Numerical Studies on Propellers in Open Water and behind Hulls aiming to support the Evaluation of Propulsion Tests
PublicationA RANS based numerical analysis of propellers can contribute considerably to our understanding of propeller/hull interaction. It may also allow for a review of scaling procedures on results from experimental fluid dynamics (EFD). Using various RANS codes (Fluent, CFX, STAR-CCM+ and FreSCo+) on common test cases the authors first focused on propeller open water (POW) calculations. Next we simulated the propeller hull interaction...
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Phosphorus removal by application of natural and semi-natural materials for possible recovery according to assumptions of circular economy and closed circuit of P
PublicationIn the last fewyears the idea of circular economy has become essential. Thus, designing methods of nutrients removal should be based on usingmaterials that make it possible to recover those nutrients. Recently,methods applied in wastewater treatment plants cannot provide optimal results; moreover, the application of commercial coagulants like ferric chloride and polyaluminumchloride can cause difficulties in potential recovery...
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The influence of phosphorus fractions in bottom sediments on phosphate removal in semi-natural systems as the 3rd stage of biological wastewater treatment
PublicationThe research was carried out in two semi-natural systems (the polishing ponds in Swarzewo and the free water surface constructed wetland in Zarnowiec) in Poland. They were built as the 3rd stage of a conventional mechanical–biological wastewater treatment plant. These systems were built to improve the quality of the effluent of treated wastewater. In the polishing ponds and FWS wetland system, suspended solids, organic matter as...
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Możliwości odzysku fosforu z odcieków, osadów ściekowych i popiołów po termicznym przekształcaniu osadów ściekowych
PublicationW ostatnich latach zaobserwowano rosnącą świadomość o ograniczonych zasobach fosforu. Szacuje się, że mogą one ulec wyczerpaniu w ciągu 100 lat, przy obecnym zaawansowaniu technologii. Ponad 80% wydobywanego złoża wykorzystywane jest do produkcji nawozów sztucznych oraz w przemyśle chemicznym. Taka perspektywa zwiększa zainteresowanie recyklingiem fosforu, który może być odzyskiwany ze ścieków w fazie płynnej, z odwodnionych osadów...
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Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents as Agents for Improving Solubility, Stability and Delivery of Curcumin
PublicationPurpose Study on curcumin dissolved in natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) was aimed at exploiting their beneficial properties as drug carriers. Methods The concentration of dissolved curcumin in NADES was measured. Simulated gastrointestinal fluids were used to determine the concentration of curcumin and quantum chemistry computations were performed for clarifying the origin of curcumin solubility enhancement in NADES. Results NADES...
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Determination of rectification corrections for semi gantry crane rail axes in the local 3D coordinate system
PublicationElectronic tacheometers are currently the standard instruments used in geodetic work, including also geodetic engineering measurements. The main advantage connected with this equipment is among others high accuracy of the measurement and thus high accuracy of the final determinations represented for example by the points’ coordinates. One of many applications of the tacheometers is the measurement of crane rail axes. This measurement...
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Column base fixity in steel moment frames: Observations from instrumented buildings
PublicationThe rotational fixity of column base connections in Steel Moment Resisting Frames (SMRFs) strongly influences their seismic response. However, approaches for estimating base fixity have been validated only against laboratory test data. These approaches are examined based on strong motion recordings from four instrumented SMRF buildings in California to informbest practices for seismic response simulation. These buildings represent...
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Characterization of Defects Inside the Cable Dielectric With Partial Discharge Modeling
PublicationThe continuous monitoring of power system devices is an important step toward keeping such capital assets safe. Partial discharge (PD)-based measurement tools provide a reliable and accurate condition assessment of power system insulations. It is very common that voids or cavities exist in every solid dielectric insulation medium. In this article, different voids are modeled and analyzed using an advanced finite element (FE)-based...
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Environmentally Friendly Fabrication of High-Efficient Fe-ZnO/Citric Acid-Modified Cellulose Composite and the Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity in the Presence of H2O2
PublicationIn the present study, a novel Fe-ZnO/citric acid-modified cellulose composite (x%Fe-ZnOy% CAC) was synthesized using an environmentally friendly hydrothermal method. The obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nitrogen physisorption, and electrochemical and photocurrent density...
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Stopniowa chromatografia cienkowarstwowa w normalnych układach faz (NP-TLC), jako technika rozdzielania i oceny składu grupowego frakcji asfaltenowych z utleniania pozostałości próżniowej ropy naftowej
PublicationW pracy opisano wyniki badań nad opracowaniem metodyki oceny składu grupowego i czystości frakcji asfaltenowych techniką chromatografii cienkowarstwowej w normalnych układach faz (NP-TLC). Skupiono się na doborze takich parametrów/warunków rozdzielania, jak stężenie i masa próbki, a także skład i kolejność eluentów stosowanych podczas rozwijania chromatogramów TLC. Zastosowana trój-stopniowa metodyka polega na nałożeniu 5 µL frakcji...
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Local Texture Pattern Selection for Efficient Face Recognition and Tracking
PublicationThis paper describes the research aimed at finding the optimal configuration of the face recognition algorithm based on local texture descriptors (binary and ternary patterns). Since the identification module was supposed to be a part of the face tracking system developed for interactive wearable computer, proper feature selection, allowing for real-time operation, became particularly important. Our experiments showed that it is...
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Surface irregularities as a complex signal of tool representation together with uneven displacement in respect to the workpiece
PublicationIn a dynamic machining process, distortion in surface irregularity is a very complex phenomenon. Surface irregularities form a periodic representation of the tool profile with various kinds of disturbance in a broad range of changes in the height and length of the profile. To discern these irregularity disturbances, interactions of the tool in the form of changes perpendicular and parallel relative to the workpiece were analyzed...
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Energy Consumption Modeling in SPMD and DAC Applications
PublicationIn this chapter, we show a study of energy consumption during execution of SPMD and DAC application – the same applications which time of execution we modeled in the previous two chapters. We measured an average power usage at a single node of the GALERA+ cluster during application execution and then we modeled the total energy consumption by the application. Next we simulated the applications using MERPSYS and we compared the...
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The accuracy of pulse rate estimation from the sequence of face images
PublicationThe goal of this paper is to analyze the accuracy of pulse rate estimation from the sequence of face images. Simulated and real signals were used to evaluate two pulse rate estimators; one for frequency domain and the second one for time domain using the autocorrelation function. The results show that the mean difference between the reference measurements and estimated pulse rate values are about 2bpm. In the analysis of short...
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System for tracking multiple trains on a test railway track
PublicationSeveral problems may arise when multiple trains are to be tracked using two IP camera streams. In this work, real-life conditions are simulated using a railway track model based on the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway (PKM). Application of automatic clustering of optical flow is investigated. A complete tracking solution is developed using background subtraction, blob analysis, Kalman filtering, and a Hungarian algorithm. In total,...
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System for tracking multiple trains on a test railway track
PublicationSeveral problems may arise when multiple trains are to be tracked using two IP camera streams. In this work, real-life conditions are simulated using a railway track model based on the Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway (PKM). Application of automatic clustering of optical flow is investigated. A complete tracking solution is developed using background subtraction, blob analysis, Kalman filtering, and a Hungarian algorithm. In total,...
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The accuracy of a new approach to order determination for the Modified Prony method in swath mapping application
PublicationThis article presents the performance of a new approach to determine the model order for the modified Prony method applied to swath acoustic mapping. Key requirements for any mapping application are depth determination accuracy and angular resolution. Depth determination accuracy is strictly related to angular accuracy and geometrical relations between receiver and sources of the backscattered signal. Angular resolution determines...
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The concept of estimation of elevator shaft control measurement results in the local 3D coordinate system.
PublicationGeodetic control measurements play an important part because they provide information about the current state of repair of the construction, which has a direct impact on the safety assessment of its exploitation. Authors in this paper have focused on control measurements of the elevator shaft. The article discusses the problem of determining the deviation of elevator shaft walls from the vertical plane in the local 3D coordinate...
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Discrete Green's function approach to disjoint domain simulations in 3D FDTD method
PublicationA discrete Green’s function (DGF) approach to couple 3D FDTD subdomains is developed. The total-field/scattered-field subdomains are simulated using the explicit FDTD method whilst interaction between them is computed as a convolution of the DGF with equivalent current sources measured over Huygens surfaces. In the developed method, the DGF waveforms are truncated using the Hann’s window. The error varies in the range -65 to -40...
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Studies on applicability of new solid-phase microextraction fibers for the selective extraction and determination of short - chain monocarboksylic acids
PublicationShort-chain monocarobxylic acids, sometimes referred to as volatile fatty acids (VFA), are a group of low molecular weight alkyl monocarboxylic acids that are widely distributed within the environment. These molecules contain any from 2 to 8 carbon atoms and originate from the anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These compounds are commonly found in the effluents from animal farming,...
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Integrated Photocatalytic Advanced Oxidation System (TiO2/UV/O3/H2O2) for Degradation of Volatile Organic Compounds
PublicationSeveral advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) including photocatalytic processes were studied for effective treatment of complex model wastewater containing a wide variety of VOCs. The studies revealed synergistic effects of TiO2 based processes for improved degradation of the VOCs. A peroxone combined with TiO2/UV system (TiO2/UV/O3/H2O2) with a ratio between the oxygen source from the oxidant to chemical oxygen demand (COD) of...
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Assessment of the Speed Management Impact on Road Traffic Safety on the Sections of Motorways and Expressways Using Simulation Methods
PublicationMethods used to evaluate the impact of Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services on road safety are usually based on expert assessments or statistical studies. However, commonly used methods are challenging to apply in the planning process of ITS services. This paper presents the methodology of research using surrogate safety measures calculated and calibrated with the use of simulation techniques and a driving simulator. This...
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Discrete Modelling of Micro-structural Phenomena in Granular Shear Zones
PublicationThe micro-structure evolution in shear zones in cohesionless sand for quasi-static problems was analyzed with a discrete element method (DEM). The passive sand failure for a very rought retaining wall undergoing horizontal translation towards the sand backfill was discussed. To simulate the behaviour of sand, the spherical discrete element model was used with elements in the form of rigid spheres with contacts moments.
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Enhancement of photocatalytic-based processes by mono- and bimetallic (CuPd) rutile loaded nanoparticles for antibiotic resistance genes and facultative pathogenic bacteria removal
PublicationThe aim of the study was the strong reduction of facultative pathogenic bacteria (FPB), and clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from secondary effluent. To evaluate the ARGs removal efficiency comparative study of individual unit processes and combined AOPs has been performed. The present work investigated: i) removal of selected ARGs, namely blaTEM, ermB, qnrS, tetM, five FPB as well as 16S rDNA and the integrase...
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Exact modal absorbing boundary condition for waveguide simulations - discrete Green's function approach
PublicationA modal absorbing boundary condition (ABC) based on the discrete Green's function (DGF) is introduced and applied for termination of waveguides simulated by means of the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. The differences between the developed approach and implementations already demonstrated in the literature are presented. By applying DGF, a consistent theoretical approach to modal ABC in the FDTD method is obtained....
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Design of Microwave Lossy Filter Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW)
PublicationIn this letter, we propose a lossy three-pole Chebyshev filter centered at 5.15 GHz, based on the substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) with scattering characteristics shifted down by 5.68 dB. The filter is composed of three directly coupled SIW cavities with three lossy couplings between nonadjacent resonators. These additional couplings are realized using mixed coupled slot and microstrip lines connected with metal electrode leadless...
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Optimal Rotating Receiver Angles Estimation for Multicoil Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer
PublicationThis study proposed an approach to dynamic wireless charging that uses a rotating receiver coil. Our simulation study focused on the verification of a novel way of increasing the coupling coefficient and power transfer stability by following the flux of the transmitting coils. To obtain the highest possible coupling by means of the FEM analysis, we studied the optimization of the trajectory of the angular velocity of the rotating...
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High Dynamic Range Microwave Displacement and Rotation Sensors Based on the Phase of Transmission in Groove Gap Waveguide Technology
PublicationThis research is focused on the design and realization of displacement sensors in gap waveguide technology. It is shown that with a small but fundamental change in the structure of a conventional gap waveguide, a linear displacement can be sensed. To this end, a unique feature of gap waveguides, i.e. the fact that no electrical connection between the top and bottom parts of the gap waveguide is required, is used. It is further shown...
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Mechanical characterization of a gravel column in a calibration chamber operating as a triaxial cell
PublicationA series of tests considering the behavior of gravel columns was performed. A segment of column with a height of 1 m and a diameter of 0.53 m was modelled in a calibration chamber used as a triaxial cell at three different lateral stress applied. The vertical load transferred on the column head was simulated with steady increase of water pressures in the upper and lower membranes. During the loading the volumetric changes in the...
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Characterization of Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 Ceramics with Impedance Spectroscopy
PublicationIn the present research the tool of impedance spectroscopy was utilized to characterize dielectric behavior of Aurivillius-type ceramics of Bi6Fe2Ti3O18 composition fabricated by hot pressing method from the stoichiometric mixture of oxides Bi2O3, TiO2 and Fe2O3. Impedance spectroscopy was applied to characterize dielectric response of bulk, grain boundary, and material/electrode interfaces of the fabricated polycrystalline ceramic...
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New Method for Determination of Adjustment Corrections for Crane Rail Axes
PublicationElectronic tacheometers are currently a standard instrument used in geodetic work, including also geodetic engineering measurements. One of the many applications of tacheometers in engineering geodesy are 3D control measurements of crane rail axes. This paper proposes a new method of computing adjustment corrections for crane rail axes based on 3D polar measurements performed with an electronic tacheometer. The intermediary method...