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Search results for: URBAN SPRAWL
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Seven Different Lighting Conditions in Photogrammetric Studies of a 3D Urban Mock-Up
PublicationOne of the most important elements during photogrammetric studies is the appropriate lighting of the object or area under investigation. Nevertheless, the concept of “adequate lighting” is relative. Therefore, we have attempted, based on experimental proof of concept (technology readiness level—TRL3), to verify the impact of various types of lighting emitted by LED light sources for scene illumination and their direct influence...
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Seasonal contributions of nutrients from small urban and agricultural watersheds in northern Poland
PublicationDiffuse sources of pollution like agricultural or urban runoff are important factors in determining the quality of surface waters, although they are more difficult to monitor thanpointsources.Theobjectiveofourstudywastoverifyassumptionsthattheinflow from agricultural nutrient sources is higher than from urbanized ones. It has been done by comparing the nutrients and organic matter concentrations and loads for three small streams...
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Towards Hybrid Urban Mobility: Kick Scooter as a Means of Individual Transport in the City
PublicationThe characteristic feature of a contemporary city is its inconvenience and oppressiveness caused by the hitherto dominant paradigm of urban planning based on car mobility. As a result, the inhabitants have to cope with air pollution, noise, spatial barriers, sedentary lifestyle and other factors which worsen their health and quality of life. Ecological and physically activating urban mobility thus plays an increasingly important...
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Urban Walk Architecture Talk / The People's Smart Sculpture / Post-workshop exhibition
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Classification of Urban Regeneration Participants as a Basis for Identification of Construction Investment's Risk Sources
PublicationOn the basis of the conducted research it can be concluded that the majority of the existing urban regeneration problems are revealed by the lack of an in-depth analysis of sources and risk factors. For the above reasons, the subject of this study is classification of urban regeneration's participants as a basis for identification of construction investment's risk sources. The research methodology is based on an in-depth analysis...
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CREATIVE PLACEMAKING IN POLAND. CAN ART BECOME AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF URBAN REGENERATION?!
PublicationThe main aim of the paper is to examine the role of creative placemaking in shaping the urban environment in Polish cities. It also focuses on challenges and obstacles that creative placemaking projects encounter in Polish realities. Creative placemaking is a “micro-development” strategy (Johnson 2009) that focuses on cultural participation, com¬munity engagement and highlights the social role of arts and culture. Artistic interventions...
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Comparative Analysis of Numerical and Experimental Studies of the Airflow Around the Sample of Urban Development
PublicationIn this paper, on the background of a short overview of the recent advances in the field of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE), a comparison of wind tunnel experiment and numerical simulation for some cases of airflow around an urban layout have been reported. The purpose of the study is quantitative and qualitative comparison of measurements in the wind tunnel as well as numerical simulation using Ansys Fluent software. The...
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Analysing Ways to Achieve a New Urban Agenda-Based Sustainable Metropolitan Transport
PublicationThe New Urban Agenda (NUA) sets a new vision of sustainable urban development to help cities deal with the challenges of changing demography. While numerous articles have addressed how the NUA can be implemented at different levels and in different areas, this article points out the potential limitations in incorporating the NUA into metropolitan transport policies. The relevance of the limitations can be seen in three main fields:...
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The role of urban movements in the process of local spatial planning and the development of participation mechanism
PublicationIn civil societies, urban movements are one of the tools in the process of spatial governance. In Poland, urban activism is beginning to develop together with a budding participation in public life. Therefore, there is a need to assess the scope and effects of the urban movements’ actions. The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate their impact on the spatial development in three Polish cities - Poznań, Gdańsk and Gdynia, especially...
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FACES OF MODERNISM - URBAN PLANNING OF SOCIAL HOUSING ESTATES IN GDANSK AND HAMBURG-ALTONA
PublicationThe paper aims to compare the modernistic social housing estates built during the interwar period in the Free City of Gdansk and in Altona, the small neighbour of Hamburg. The comparison is based on the analysis of the factors, which significantly affected the decisions regarding spatial transformations and the development of both cities in that time. These factors include primarily: poor living conditions, resulting from the explosive...
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Transmission Losses Spatial Analysis of the Supply System of Electrified Urban Transport Network
PublicationThe paper presents mathematical model TOPSIS which was applied for MCDA benchmark of trolleybus supply system. Moreover, paper presents the novel method of transmission losses analysis in electrified urban transport system. Research work was based on measurements realized in Gdynia trolleybus network.
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The influence of the development of private air communication on the architecture and urban planning of the 21st century
PublicationIn the first part, the article describes the stages of the development of gyroplanes and the influence of wartime policy on the interest in light aircraft. Also presented are links and the possibilities of using gyroplanes in various sectors of the economy. The authors, based on source texts, present the current position of the aviation industry in the Polish economy and attempt to diagnose its development capabilities. As a result,...
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Participatory projects in urban area – opportunities and limitations on the example of 2013 Podwórkowa Rewolucja
PublicationParticipatory projects implemented in urban space have a group of supporters and opponents. The aim of this article is to define the possibilities and limitations of this type of spatial activities on the example of the 2013 Podwórkowej rewolucji in the development of the Edukacja obywatelska w działaniu project in cooperation with the Social Innovation Foundation and its Neighborhood House - the Gościna Przystań, where the inhabitants...
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THE INFLUENCE OF THE URBAN DESIGN ON THE AIR EXCHANGE IN CITIES. SELECTED PROBLEMS IN POLISH REALITY
PublicationThe progress of the architecture and urbanism raises problems requiring interdisciplinary research conducted with the use of advanced experimental techniques and computer simulation. The fields of this research include aerodynamics, especially in intensively developed area of Environmental Wind Engineering (EWE). Aerodynamic phenomena occurring around buildings have a significant impact on the quality of the climate in the cities....
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MODEL OF COOPERATION IN CREATING SOCIALLY ENGAGED URBAN SPACE � THE ROLE OF LOCAL PARTICIPATION
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Moving object detection and tracking for the purpose of multimodal surveillance system in urban areas
PublicationBackground subtraction method based on mixture of Gaussians was employed to detect all regions in a video frame denoting moving objects. Kalman filters were used for establishing relations between the regions and real moving objects in a scene and for tracking them continuously. The objects were represented by rectangles. The objects coupling with adequate regions including the relation of many-to-many was studied experimentally...
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Data Integration from GPS and Inertial Navigation Systems for Pedestrians in Urban Area
PublicationThe GPS system is widely used in navigation and the GPS receiver can offer long-term stable absolute positioning information. The overall system performance depends largely on the signal environments. The position obtained from GPS is often degraded due to obstruction and multipath effect caused by buildings, city infrastructure and vegetation, whereas, the current performance achieved by inertial navigation systems (INS) is still...
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Model of Risk Assessment (MORA) concept for the investment part of urban regeneration projects
PublicationThe main goal of this paper is presentation of the model concept (MORA) that will be used to control level of risk and manage technical risk in investment projects in the area of urban regeneration risk management.
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Conception of interactive information and decision support system for urban and industrial air management
PublicationThis article presents the conception of interactive system for air quality management.
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Key activities to improve energy management in DC microgrids connected by urban traction
PublicationDC MicroGrids must have Energy Management Systems to guarantee efficient, dependable, and environmentally friendly electricity. The application of Model Predictive Control, proved to be helpful due to its adaptability and capacity to use non-linear models. This paper, based on an extensive literature review, identifies and discusses the three key activities to improve the characteristics of DC MicroGrids, i.e.: the use of Energy...
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Interrelations between Travel Patterns and Urban Spatial Structure of the Largest Russian Cities
PublicationThe study presented within this dissertation involves the analysis of the relationship between urban spatial structure and travel patterns in the largest Russian cities. It is an empirical investigation of how the spatial structure, formed during the Soviet and post-Soviet periods, affects the travel patterns in the largest cities of contemporary Russia. It aims to determine what measures, both urban structure and transportation...
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Towards Carbon Neutral Settlements. The Importance of Early-Stage Urban and Energetic Optimizations
PublicationThe aim of the research was to verify the essence of interdisciplinary energy optimizations in earlystage urban design process. A further aim was to the find most optimal design variant and scenario in terms of urban energy efficiency for the future development in Nowy Port, located in Gdansk, Poland - a place requiring complex revitalization. The research combined qualitative and quantitative approaches; an urban design layer...
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Rethinking Sustainable Cities at Night: Paradigm Shifts in Urban Design and City Lighting
PublicationSince the establishment of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by the United Nations General Assembly in 2015, various perspectives on sustainable cities have been developed and adopted in order to achieve a better and more sustainable future. However, background research has revealed that these goals and targets are limited because they do not take into account the growing body of lighting-related research in diverse fields...
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Psychological and physical components in forming preferences on urban greenery management – The case of trees
PublicationPublic opinion is increasingly important in managing urban greenery. In this regard, this study demonstrates the importance of sociological (environmental worldviews), psychological (place attachment, perceived benefits of trees), and physical factors (type of building people live in, and urban greenery) in forming residents’ opinions on whether the municipality or landowners should decide about tree removal on private land. Logistic...
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Reducing nighttime light exposure in the urban environment to benefit human health and society
PublicationNocturnal light pollution can have profound effects on humans and other organisms. Recent research indicates that nighttime outdoor lighting is increasing rapidly. Evidence from controlled laboratory studies demonstrates that nocturnal light exposure can strain the visual system, disrupt circadian physiology, suppress melatonin secretion, and impair sleep. There is a growing body of work pointing to adverse effects of outdoor lighting...
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DOP and Pseudorange Error Estimation in Urban Environments for Mobile Android GNSS Applications
PublicationJust a couple of years ago, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) were available only for a narrow group of users. Currently, with the outbreak of mobile devices, they are accessible to anyone and everywhere. Urban navigation or searching for POIs (Points of Interest) had become an everyday activity. With the availability of consumer electronics and wireless technologies, each user can obtain information considering his or...
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Evaluation of the energy efficiency of electric vehicle drivetrains under urban operating conditions
PublicationIn electric vehicles, as in hybrids vehicles, a very important factor affecting the energy efficiency of the powertrain is the ability to use the regenerative braking energy. Depending on the settings available in electric vehicles, the driver can choose different modes of operation: switch off the regenerative braking mode altogether, select the intensity of regenerative braking, or leave the control system in automatic mode....
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A global multinational survey of cefotaxime-resistant coliforms in urban wastewater treatment plants
PublicationThe World Health Organization Global Action Plan recommends integrated surveillance programs as crucial strategies for monitoring antibiotic resistance. Although several national surveillance programs are in place for clinical and veterinary settings, no such schemes exist for monitoring antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the environment. In this transnational study, we developed, validated, and tested a low-cost surveillance and...
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Selected issues on the role of electric lighting in the regeneration programs of urban spaces in Poland
PublicationThis paper reflects on the basic research done in the area of outdoor public lighting in regard to regeneration processes. The general purpose of this scientific paper is to investigate the role that lighting design plays within regeneration frameworks. Referring to a wide spectrum of academic publications, the paper provides an overview of regeneration and outdoor public lighting objectives. Emphasize is put on the obstacles for lighting...
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The Review of the Selected Challenges for an Incorporation of Daylight Assessment Methods into Urban Planning in Poland
PublicationThe main objectives of this research it to find out if modern daylight assessment and design methods can be useful for urban residential planning in Poland. The study gives a chance to describe and appraise modern daylight design techniques. The other purpose is to illustrate how daylight knowledge could be used as an incentive to rethink the way urban environments are created. Although daylight design is acknowledged in literature...
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Changing by light - how the lighting of intelligent spaces can influence the urban image
PublicationIn the article light will be presented as a tool in the process of transforming the urban space. The reason for this use of light is the commercial aspect of space that forces it to be still competitive and profitable. Such a need gives rise to many innovative solutions in the city space, which allow transmitting information in order to attract human attention, and sometimes make it even possible to involve the user in the interaction...
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Integration of inertial sensors and GPS system data for the personal navigation in urban area
PublicationGPS and Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) have complementary properties and they are therefore well suited for integration. The integrated solution offers better long-term accuracy than a stand-alone INS and better integrity, availability and continuity or a stand-alone GPS receiver, making it suitable for demanding applications. The complementary features of INS and GPS are the main reasons why integrated GPS/INS systems are becoming...
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Data and knowledge supporting decision-making for the urban Food-Water-Energy nexus
PublicationCities are hubs of innovation and wealth creation, and magnets for an increasing urban population. Cities also face unprecedented challenges in terms of food, water and energy scarcity, and governance and management. Urban environmental issues are no longer problems for experts to address but have become issues of public debate, in which knowledge from multiple sectors is needed to support inclusive governance approaches. Consequently,...
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The Scuffing Resistance of WC/C Coated Spiral Bevel Gears
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Determinanty opłacalności produkcji rolnej na przykładzie uprawy pszenicy
PublicationProblem dochodowości gospodarstw rolnych produkujących pszenicę jest istotny nie tylko dla samych zainteresowanych, ale także dla całego sektora rolnego. Rozliczenie oparte o koszty działalności gospodarczej pozwala stworzyć wzorzec transakcji uwzględniający wszystkie przepływy pieniężne w gospodarstwie producenta pszenicy. Transakcje pszenicą stanowią dla producentów pszenicy najważniejszy, bo finalny etap działalności gospodarczej....
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W sprawie nazewnictwa kierunków studiów i uprawnień zawodowych.
PublicationKilkanaście lat doświadczeń w nowych warunkach pokazuje istotne mankamenty dotychczasowego systemu kształcenia w szkołach wyższych. Jest to szczególnie wyraźne w nauczaniu inżynierii środowiska. W pracy wykazano nadmierne rozdrobnienie programów nauczania i sformułowano wniosek o potrzebie ponownego powołania kierunku studiów o nazwie ''Inżynieria Sanitarna''.
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W sprawie nazewnictwa kierunków studiów i uprawnień zawodowych.
PublicationKilkanaście lat doświadczeń w nowych warunkach pokazuje istotne mankamenty dotychczasowego systemu kształcenia w szkołach wyższych. Jest to szczególnie wyraźne w nauczaniu inżynierii środowiska. W pracy wykazano nadmierne rozdrobnienie programów nauczania i sformułowano wniosek o potrzebie ponownego powołania kierunku studiów o nazwie ''Inżynieria Sanitarna''.
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URBAN FORESTRY & URBAN GREENING
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Zmiany prawa budowlanego w 2015 roku
PublicationW 2016 r. wprowadzono 7 istotnych zmian w ustawie prawo budowlane. Przedstawiono te zmiany. Omówiono nowe procedury wynikające m.in. z ustawy deregulacyjnej. Aktualny stan prawny.
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Działy ustawy prawo wodne – ochrona wód
PublicationKontynuacja tematyki nowego prawa wodnego. Zagadnienia ochrony wód. Definicje sposobu korzystania z wód publicznych, nowe ograniczenia. Szczególne problemy związane z wodami wykorzystywanymi do celów kąpieli . Zaostrzenia wymagań w stosunku do odprowadzania ścieków. Zasady ochrony wód. Rolnicze wykorzystanie ścieków. Krajowy program oczyszczania ścieków. Ochrona przed zanieczyszczeniami ze źródeł rolniczych. Ochrona zbiorników...
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Warunki projektowania kanalizacji : prawo i eksplatacja
PublicationKanalizacja. Specyfika eksploatacji, zmiany obciążeń. Konsekwencje niedociążenia hydfraulicznego kanalizacji sanitarnej. Samooczyszczanie, zasady analiz.
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Prawo instytucjonalne Unii Europejskiej. Zasady ustrojowe
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Inwestycje kolejowe w świetle polskiego prawa
PublicationPrzeprowadzona analiza aktów prawnych daje mocno zagmatwany obraz stanu, w jakim muszą się poruszać podmioty przystępujące do inwestycji na terenach kolejowych i w ich sąsiedztwie. Dotychczas nie istnieje w Polsce czysty, zhierarchizowany układ dokumentów planistycznych od najwyższego do najniższego rzędu, mający bezpośrednie przełożenie na decyzje lokalizacyjne dla inwestycji ponadlokalnych lub na ochronę rezerw komunikacyjnych...
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Prawo planistyczne w kształtowaniu przestrzeni publicznych.
PublicationRealizacja polityki przestrzennej miast realizuje się na podstawie miejscowych planów zagospodarowania przestrzennego. Na podstawie wytycznych tego dokumentu prawa lokalnego dopuszcza się realizacje poszczególnych budynków. Współgranie form dające obiektywne wrażenie harmonii przestrzennej jest tym co określamy jakością przestrzeni publicznej. Trafność zapisów planów miejscowych tworzy ramy organizujące działalność poszczególnych...
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Stosowanie prawa krajowego przed sadem gospodarczym
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Prawo pracy - w praktyce i teorii
PublicationKsiążka zawiera przykłady stanów faktycznych wraz z komentarzami z zakres uprawa pracy a także przykłady przeznaczone do samodzielnego rozwiązania. Publikacja została podzielona na 11 rozdziałów zgodnie z systematyką kodeksu pracy i dotyczy węzłowych zagadnień z tej dziedziny prawa, zarówno z punktu widzenia praktycznego jak i teoretycznego. Do książki dołączono tekst Kodeksu pracy, ułatwiający lekturę opracowania.
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Opodatkownie menedżerów. Granice prawa - granice ryzyka.
PublicationWprowadzenie do ustawy o podatku dochodowym zmiany opodatkowujace w specjalny sposób kontrakty menedżerskie i im podobne wywołują szreg watpliwości natury prawnej.Przyjete rozwiązania naruszają konstytucyjne zasady prawa do prowadzenia działalnośći oraz równości i powierzchowności opodatkowania.Stanowią również pułapkę podatkową dla osób takie kontrakty realizujących.Zdaniem autorów obowiazujące przepisy a w szczególności ich urzędowa...
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Prawo Darcy w gruntach słabo przepuszczalnych.
PublicationPrawo Darcy. Badania Pane'a i Schifmana, Tavenas'a, Olsen'a. Zakres stosowalności prawa Darcy. Badania własne iłów w standardowym aparacie trójosiowego ściskania. Badania własne w prototypowym aparacie do badania przepuszczalności gruntów słabo przepuszczalnych. Liniowa zależność prędkości przepływu od spadku hydrulicznego.
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Przestrzeń publiczna w świetle prawa planistycznego
PublicationZasady kształtowania przestrzeni publicznej nie są w Polsce regulowane w bezpośredni sposób przepisami prawa planistycznego. Ustawa z roku 2005 wprowadza wiele zmian do przepisów, kóre nie zabezpieczają euroejskich standartów kształtowania przestrzeni miejskiej. Nie ma jednak zakazów stosowania istniejacych przepisów zgodnie z wiedzą fachową na temat wspólczesnej urabnistyki jakośc przestrzenna powstaje nie poprzez mechaniczne...
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Attitudes to tree removal on private property in rural and urban Polish municipalities.
Open Research DataThe urban-rural divide is an important factor known to affect public opinion on issues related to environmental protection and management. The present data set allows for a deeper understanding of this issue with respect to policies dealing with tree removal on private property in two municipalities located in southern Poland: Racibórz (an urban municipality)...