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Ammonia amendment promotes high rate lactate production and recovery from semi-continuous food waste fermentation
PublikacjaIn this study, a reliable approach using ammonia nitrogen was proposed to increase lactate production during semi-continuous food waste (FW) fermentation under mesophilic conditions. Both free ammonia nitrogen (FAN) and ammonium ion (NH4+-N) were present in mesophilic reactors, with a wide FAN/NH4+-N ratio variation due to the intermittent pH control. The investigation of responsible mechanisms revealed that the increased production...
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Fast surrogate-assisted frequency scaling of planar antennas with circular polarisation
PublikacjaIn this work, the problem of computationally efficient frequency scaling (re-design) of circular polarisation antennas is addressed using surrogate-assisted techniques. The task is challenging and requires the identification of the optimum geometry parameters to enable the operation of the re-designed structure at a selected (required) centre frequency. This involves handling several performance figures such as the antenna gain,...
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A Simple-Topology Compact Broadband Circularly Polarized Antenna With Unidirectional Radiation Pattern
PublikacjaIn this letter, a geometrically simple, reflector-backed single-point-fed circularly polarized (CP) antenna with unidirectional radiation pattern is presented. The structure comprises a simple coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding circuit with an open slot etched on one side of the coplanar ground. The enhanced CP bandwidth is obtained by combining the loop mode, the slot mode, and the asymmetrical configuration of the coplanar ground...
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A design framework for rigorous constrained EM-driven optimization of miniaturized antennas with circular polarization
PublikacjaCompact radiators with circular polarization are important components of modern mobile communication systems. Their design is a challenging process which requires maintaining simultaneous control over several performance figures but also the structure size. In this work, a novel design framework for multi-stage constrained miniaturization of antennas with circular polarization is presented. The method involves sequential optimization...
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Cancer-selective, single agent chemoradiosensitising gold nanoparticles
PublikacjaTwo nanometre gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), bearing sugar moieties and/or thiol-polyethylene glycol-amine (PEG-amine), were synthesised and evaluated for their in vitro toxicity and ability to radiosensitise cells with 220 kV and 6 MV X-rays, using four cell lines representing normal and cancerous skin and breast tissues. Acute 3 h exposure of cells to AuNPs, bearing PEG-amine only or a 50:50 ratio of alpha-galactose derivative and...
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The influences of the information and communication technology on the structural changes of Japanese energy sectors from 1985 through 2005: a statistical analysis
PublikacjaThe purpose of this study is to analyse the influences of information and communication technology (ICT) on the structural changes of Japanese energy sectors from 1985-2005. In this study, ICT is represented by two explanatory variables, namely: 1) computers, main parts and accessories; 2) telecommunications equipment. We employ a statistical tool in investigating the influences quantitatively, namely constrained multivariate regression...
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AN EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF AN INNOVATIVE VERTICAL-AXIS WIND TURBINE
PublikacjaThis paper introduces the innovative modification of the Savonius wind turbine being able to significantly increase efficiency in comparison with the classic design. This innovative design is equipped with a stator directing the flow. The presence of the stator increases the active surface area and generates higher torques acting on a shaft. Additionally, it makes it possible to take better advantage of wind energy and compensate...
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Modification of thermal and rheological characteristics of bitumen by waste PET/GTR blends
PublikacjaWaste poly(ethylene terephthalate) (wPET)/ground tire rubber (GTR) blends with variable compositions were applied as low-cost modifiers into bitumen and their performance has been evaluated via morphological, thermal and rheological analyses. Depending on the weight ratio of wPET/GTR, dispersion of single/composite domains of waste polymers in the bitumen has promoted the interaction between bitumen and blend components. Fourier...
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Chromatographic lipophilicity determination using large volume injections of the solvents non-miscible with the mobile phase
PublikacjaA new perspective in the lipophilicity evaluation through RP-HPLC is permitted by analysis of the retentionfactor (k) obtained by injecting large volumes of test samples prepared in solvents immiscible withmobile phase. The experiment is carried out on representative groups of compounds with increasedtoxicity (mycotoxins and alkaloids) and amines with important biological activity (naturally occurringmonoamine compounds and related...
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CPTU/DMT control of heavy tamping compaction of sands
PublikacjaHeavy tamping compaction method in cohesionless alluvial soil was evaluated with CPTU and DMT tests. Some examples of interpretation of soundings in pre-treated and compacted sands are given. The compaction work was performed in two stages. Compaction control was performed after each stage of tamping. Additional tests were performed two weeks after the compaction works completion to study the set-up effect. While typical increase...
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Turbulence model evaluation for numerical modelling of turbulent flow and heat transfer of nanofluids
PublikacjaIn this work, Nusselt number and friction factor are calculated numerically for turbulent pipe flow (Reynolds number between 6000 and 12000) with constant heat flux boundary condition using nanofluids. The nanofluid is modelled with the single-phase approach and the simulation results are compared with experimental data. Ethylene glycol and water, 60:40 EG/W mass ratio, as base fluid and SiO2 nanoparticles are used as nanofluid...
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Analysis of abrasive particle trajectories during single-sided lapping process with driven conditioning ring
PublikacjaIn this paper new kinematics systems were studied for a single lapping process. In order to ensure the constant profile wear of the tool a standard kinematic system can be changed. Lapping is carried out by applying loose abrasive grains between two surfaces and causes a relative motion between them. The result is a finish of multi-directional lay. During process, the mechanism of surface formation are decisively affected by a...
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DEPTH IMAGES FILTERING IN DISTRIBUTED STREAMING
PublikacjaIn this paper we discuss the comparison of point cloud filters focusing on their applicability for streaming optimization. For the filtering stage within a stream pipeline processing we evaluate three filters: Voxel Grid, Pass Through and Statistical Outlier Removal. For the filters we perform series of the tests aiming at evaluation of changes of point cloud size and transmitting frequency (various fps ratio). We propose a distributed...
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Assessment of microstructure, physical and thermal properties of bitumen modified with LDPE/GTR/elastomer ternary blends
PublikacjaLDPE/GTR/elastomer ternary blends with variable LDPE/GTR ratio and constant elastomer content were prepared via melt-compounding. Obtained LDPE/GTR/elastomer blends were applied as thermoplastic modifiers into bitumen. Microstructure, physical and thermal properties of the modified bitumen were determined. It was observed that chemical composition of LDPE/GTR/elastomer blends has significant influence on their density and rheological...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with selected layered silicate nanofillers
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of three different nanofillers on the properties of rigid polyurethane foams, which were prepared by a one-step, laboratory-scale method from a two-component system at the ratio of NCO groups to OH groups equaled to 2. The reaction mixture consisted of the proper amounts of the commercial oligoether polyol, catalysts, water, nanoclays, and polymeric diphenylmethane diisocyanate....
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Strain-dependent behaviour of cold recycled material mixtures in cyclic compression tests
PublikacjaThe purpose of the study is to evaluate strain-dependent behaviour of Cold Recycled Material (CRM) mixtures using three frameworks typically applied for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA): linear viscoelastic (LVE) limits; non-linearity directions; changes in rheological model parameters. To this aim, the complex modulus of three CRM mixtures with different bitumen-to-cement ratio (0.2, 0.6 and 1.8) was measured in cyclic compression mode,...
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Impact of trajectory simplification methods on modeling carbon dioxide emissions from ships
PublikacjaModels of ship fuel consumption and emissions play an essential role in estimating global shipping’s greenhouse gas emissions. They are also widely used for verification of reported CO2 emissions for systems like EU MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification) or IMO DCS (Data Collection System). Such models achieve high accuracy using historical spatiotemporal information about each ship from AIS data. However, this approach requires substantial...
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Pendant Proton-Relays Systematically Tune the Rate and Selectivity of Electrocatalytic Ammonia Generation in a Fe-Porphyrin Based Metal-Organic Framework
PublikacjaElectrocatalytic nitrite reduction (eNO2RR) is a promising alternative route to produce ammonia (NH3). Until now, several molecular catalysts have shown capability to homogeneously reduce nitrite to NH3, while taking advantage of added secondary-sphere functionalities to direct catalytic performance. Yet, realizing such control over heterogeneous electrocatalytic surfaces remains a challenge. Herein, we demonstrate that heterogenization...
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Circularly Polarized Metalens Antenna Design for 5G NR Sub-6 GHz Communication Systems
Publikacja5G NR (new radio) FR1 range refers to as Sub-6GHz band (410MHz to 7125MHz and 3.4GHz to 6GHz). In this paper, the frequency range of interest is from 3.4 to 6GHz, as many cellular companies are focusing on this Sub-6GHz band. A wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna radiator is designed with diamond shape patches, fed by a microstrip line at the bottom through a rectangular shape wide slot on a ground plane. The proposed CP...
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Optimization of a Fabric Phase Sorptive Extraction protocol for the isolation of six bisphenols from juice pouches to be analysed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector
PublikacjaFabric Phase Sorptive Extraction (FPSE) combined with high pressure liquid chromatography using to diode array detection (HPLC-DAD) was applied for the simultaneous determination of bisphenols (BPA, BPB, BPC, BPE, BPF, BPS) in juice pouches. The FPSE procedure was optimized with regards to the critical parameters that affect the performance of the method including the selection of the FPSE membrane type and size, adsorption time,...
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Efficient optimization approaches for microwave assisted extraction of high-quality antioxidant compounds from Salvia officinalis L.: UHPLC-HRMS differential analysis of phenolic profiles obtained by ultrasound and microwave extraction
PublikacjaThe study aims to optimize MAE of total phenolic compounds (TPC) and antioxidant capacity from Salvia officinalis L. leaves using a definitive screening design (DSD) and I-optimal design. UHPLC-HRMS analysis was used to identify and compare the composition of MAE and UAE optimal extracts. The results showed that DSD and I-optimal design were successfully applied for the optimization of MAE targeting phenolics and other antioxidants...
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Evaluation of pounding effects between reinforced concrete frames subjected to far-field earthquakes in terms of damage index
PublikacjaIn this paper, three different damage indexes were used to detect nonlinear damages in two adjacent Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures considering pounding effects. 2-, 4- and 8-story benchmark RC Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs) were selected for this purpose with 60%, 75%, and 100% of minimum separation distance and also without any in-between separation gap. These structures were analyzed using the incremental dynamic analysis...
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Efficiency evaluation of graduation process in Australian public universities
PublikacjaFirst-year attrition and on-time graduation are key challenges for contemporary universities, which determine their efficiency. Based on the benefit of the doubt approach, this study reports the efficiency of the graduation process in 37 Australian public universities. The super-efficiency model extended by restrictions on virtual weights is used. The proposed model considers the attrition rate and the on-time graduation rate separately...
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Deep eutectic solvent (DES) with silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) based assay for analysis of lead (II) in edible oils
PublikacjaThis paper presents an application of silver nanoparticles impregnated by Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) as ultrasonication aided microextraction system for lead (II) determination in edible oils. The paper presents a systematic optimization of method parameters and examples of its application for analysis of real samples. Maximum recovery for lead (II) extraction was obtained for choline chloride and phenol with a 1:2 molar ratio....
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Non-Contact Monitoring of ECG in the Home Environment—Selecting Optimal Electrode Configuration
PublikacjaCapacitive electrocardiography (cECG) is most often used in wearable or embedded measurement systems. The latter is considered in the paper. An optimal electrocardiographic lead, as an individual feature, was determined based on model studies. It was defined as the possibly highest value of the R-wave amplitude measured on the back of the examined person. The lead configuration was also analyzed in terms of minimizing its susceptibility...
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Deodorization of model biogas by means of novel non-ionic deep eutectic solvent
PublikacjaThe paper presents new non-ionic deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of natural and non-toxic components i.e. guaiacol, camphor and levulinic acid in 1:1:3 molar ratio as a promising absorbent for removal of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including dichloromethane, toluene, hexamethyldisiloxane and propionaldehyde from model biogas. The affi nity of DES for VOCs was determined as vapour-liquid coeffi cients and the...
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Simultaneous Removal of Hexane and Ethanol from Air in a Biotrickling Filter—Process Performance and Monitoring Using Electronic Nose
PublikacjaBiofiltration is a well-accepted method for the removal of malodorous compounds from air streams. Interestingly, the mechanisms underlying this process are not fully understood. The aim of this paper was to investigate the simultaneous removal of hydrophobic hexane with hydrophilic ethanol, resulting in the enhanced removal of hexane in the presence of ethanol. Investigations were performed in a peat-perlite packed biotrickling...
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Structural Assessment of Reinforced Concrete Beams Incorporating Waste Plastic Straws
PublikacjaThe behavior of reinforced concrete beams containing fibers made of waste plastic straws (WPSs) under the three point bending test is examined. The effect of WPS fiber addition on the compressive and split tensile strength is reported. Four concrete mixes were prepared. The control mix PS-0 had a proportion of 1 cement: 1 sand: 2 coarse aggregate and a water cement ratio of 0.4. In the other three mixes PS-0.5, PS-1.5 and PS-3,...
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Comprehensive study on graphene hydrogels and aerogels synthesis and their ability of gold nanoparticles adsorption
PublikacjaGraphene hydrogels were prepared by ascorbic acid-assisted gelation of graphene oxide (GO) aqueous suspensions both in acidic and basic conditions. Different mass ratio of ascorbic acid (AA) to GO was used (namely 20:1 and 10:1). In order to eliminate the influence of AA on the final structure of hydrogels, samples without AA were prepared by a hydrothermal gelation of GO in an autoclave. An in-depth structural characterization...
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Fatigue Bending of V-Notched Cold-Sprayed FeCoCrNiMn Coatings
PublikacjaCold-spray coatings were produced by FeCoCrNiMn high-entropy alloy powders deposited on carbon steel substrate. The coatings were realized at intermediate temperature and high pressure (at 1100 °C and 7 MPa). The coating microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, revealing a very dense deposition and high flattening ratio of the splatted particles. This had a large influence on the...
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Eksperymentalna analiza współczynników oporów lokalnych dla wybranych kształtek i złączek w systemach rur wielowarstwowych
PublikacjaArtykuł poświęcony jest analizie wartości współczynników oporów lokalnych dla wybranych kształtek i złączek pracujących w instalacjach z rur wielowarstwowych z tworzyw sztucznych. Badaniom poddano elementy o średnicach DN16, DN20, DN25, powszechnie wykorzystywane we współczesnych instalacjach sanitarnych. W pracy przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań laboratoryjnych (dla rozszerzeń, kolanek i trójników) oraz ich porównanie z wartościami...
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Elemental composition, environment of deposition of the Lower Carboniferous Emma Fiord Formation oil shale in Arctic Canada
PublikacjaThe sedimentary succession of 51-m consisting of a thin coal seam (1 m) and oil shale with a marlstone and carbonate-mudstone matrix of the Lower Carboniferous (Viséan) Emma Fiord Formation located on the Grinnell Peninsula, Devon Island, Arctic Canada was examined. The techniques used include reflected light microscopy, and instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) for elemental concentration, and inductively coupled plasma...
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Comparison of PM10 concentration in Gdansk and London using electron microscopy
PublikacjaParticulate matter (PM) has been considered as one of the most dangerous elements of air pollution. Multiply analytical methods are employed to identify the composition of particles present in the air. The theoretical part of this work is a description of different research centres all over the world where particulate matter is being analyzed using various techniques. The purpose of this project is to analyze and compare particles...
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Price convergence in the EU-an aggregate and disaggregate approach
PublikacjaThis article examines the price dispersion in the European Union (EU) over 15 years (1990-2005). An extensive overview of the literature offers inconclusive results with the half-lives of price shocks from 2.8 to 282 months. Until now, most of the empirical research has been either micro or macro based. In contrast, we conducted a complex analysis utilizing both aggregate and disaggregate price data. The macro approach is based...
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How to model ROC curves - a credit scoring perspective
PublikacjaROC curves, which derive from signal detection theory, are widely used to assess binary classifiers in various domains. The AUROC (area under the ROC curve) ratio or its transformations (the Gini coefficient) belong to the most widely used synthetic measures of the separation power of classification models, such as medical diagnostic tests or credit scoring. Frequently a need arises to model an ROC curve. In the biostatistical...
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In-situ odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study on the electropolymerization of pyrrole on iron in the presence of sodium salicylate – The influence of the monomer concentration
PublikacjaIn this work, the potentiostatic electropolymerization of polypyrrole (PPy) on iron in aqueous solution of sodium salicylate and pyrrole is studied in situ by odd random phase electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ORP-EIS). The influence of the pyrrole concentration on the electrosynthesis process is investigated. The ORP-EIS technique ensures a reliable analysis of the PPy electrosynthesis on iron by means of an advanced data...
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Visible light photocatalytic activity of ionic liquid-TiO2 spheres: effect of the ionic liquid's anion structure
PublikacjaThe effect of the ionic liquid’s (IL) anion type ([BIMIM][X], where X= [Br], [PF6] or [OctSO4]) and content on the morphology, surface properties and photoactivity of TiO2 obtained by solvothermal method has been systematically investigated. Our results revealed that the presence of [Br], [OctSO4] anions favors formation of anatase phase, while presence of [PF6] anion causes formation of mixture of anatase and Ti(OH)PO4 phases....
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Experimental study on the behaviour of steel columns under seismic-induced axial impact load
PublikacjaIt has been observed during major earthquakes that the so called soft-storey failure of an upper floor of a structure results in large impact load acting on structural members of the lower storeys. It may further lead to progressive collapse of the whole structure substantially intensifying human and material losses. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate experimentally the behaviour of columns under bending (observed...
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A High-Efficient Measurement System With Optimization Feature for Prototype CMOS Image Sensors
PublikacjaIn this paper, a gray-scale CMOS image sensor (CIS) characterization system with an optimization feature has been proposed. By using a very fast and precise control of light intensity, based on the pulsewidth-modulation method, it is avoided to measure the illuminance every time. These features accelerate the multicriteria CIS optimization requiring many thousands of measurements. The system throughput is 2.5 Gb/s, which allows...
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Verification of selected calculation methods regarding shear strength in beams without web reinforcement
PublikacjaThe purpose of the article was to compare selected calculation methods regarding shear strength in reinforced concrete beams without web reinforcement. Several calculation methods were tested. This included codes: PN-EN 1992-1-1:2008, ACI 318-14 and fib Model Code for Concrete Structures 2010. The analysis also consists of authorial methods published in technical literature. Calculations of shear strengths were made based on experimental...
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On the application of magnetoelastic properties measureme nts for plastic level determination in martensitic steels
PublikacjaThe change in the dislocation density, induced by plastic deformation, influences strongly the magnetic domain structure inside the material. Being so, classic parameters, like the coercivity or magnetic permeability, can be a good measure of the deformation level, yet their reliable determination in a non-destructive way in industrial environment is problematic. The magnetoacoustic emission (MAE) which results from the non-180...
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Uncertainty of antioxidant profiling in complex mixtures using liquid chromatography involving post-column derivatisation
PublikacjaThe main goal of this paper is to discuss the problems associated with antioxidant profiling in complex samples using a high-throughput HPLC system coupled with post-column derivatisation reactor. Based on the experimental data reported in the literature, we demonstrated that improper optimisation of temperature and/or pH assay conditions performed using an on-line derivatisation reactor may substantially change the antioxidant...
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Badania eksperymentalne strefy przypodporowej żelbetowych belek częściowo sprężonych
PublikacjaThis project refers to the study the shear zone, under full and partial prestressing in comparison to beams with passive reinforcement.For comparison, variable parameters have been determined:- a/d (from 1,5 to 3,5) - it's shear span to effective depth of the beam . Assuming constant geometrical quantities, "a" is variable.- 26 beams had no vertical shear reinforcement, and the other 26 had closed stirrups.- prestressing intensity...
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Application of chiral chromatography for enantiomeric separation of currently used pesticides from various chemical groups
PublikacjaChiral pesticides account for more than 25 % of currently used pesticides and this ratio is still increasing. According to the number of chiral centers in the structure, a pesticide may consist of two or multiple enantiomers or stereoisomers. Studies into the stereoselective behaviour of pesticides started in the early 1990s and most research efforts focused on understanding the environmental fate and effects of these pesticides....
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Styrene-Butadiene Rubber/Modified Ground Tire Rubber Blends Co-Vulcanization: Effect of Accelerator Type
PublikacjaGround tire rubber was thermo-mechanically modified with using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. Modification of GTR was conducted in autothermal conditions. Styrene-butadiene rubber and modified ground tire rubber blends were prepared via two-roll milling. Obtained compounds were cured with conventional system (sulfur/vulcanization accelerator ratio was 2:1). During this research three commonly vulcanization accelerators (MBT,...
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Synthesis and thermal studies of flexible polyurethane nanocomposite foams obtained using nanoclay modified with flame retardant compound
PublikacjaThis work presents thermal studies of nanocomposites based on the flexible polyurethane (PU) matrix and filled using montmorillonite organically modified with organophosphorus flame retardant compound. Flexible PU nanocomposite foams were prepared in the reaction carried out between reactive alcoholic hydroxyl and isocyanate groups with the ratio of NCO to OH groups equal to 1.05. The amount of an organoclay ranging from 3 to 9...
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Experimental study on the effectiveness of polymer damper in damage reduction of temporary steel grandstand
PublikacjaA large number of accidents, involving collapses of temporary grandstands during different types of events, were observed in the past. If the synchronized movement of people is tuned with the natural frequency of the affected part of the structure, resonance might occur. It may lead to severe damages of grandstands, their collapse or panic among the spectators. The aim of the paper is to assess, through preliminary experimental...
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Structure and paramagnetism in weakly correlated Y8Co5
PublikacjaWe report the basic physical properties of monoclinic Y8Co5 determined by means of magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements. The crystal structure of Y8Co5 is monoclinic (P21/c) with lattice parameters a = 7.0582(6) Å, b = 7.2894(6) Å, c = 24.2234(19) Å, and β = 102.112(6)° as refined by using synchrotron powder x-ray diffraction data. The compound shows temperature independent paramagnetism...
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Identification of synergistic and antagonistic actions of environmental pollutants: Bisphenols A, S and F in the presence of DEP, DBP, BADGE and BADGE·2HCl in three component mixtures
PublikacjaEcosystems are facing increased pressure due to the emission of many classes of emerging contaminants. However, very little is known about the interactions of these pollutants, such as bisphenols (BPs), plasticizers or pharmaceuticals. By employing bioluminescent bacteria (Microtox assay), we were able to define interactions between selected emerging pollutants (namely BPA, BPS, BPF, BADGE, BADGE·2HCl, DEP, DBP) in ternary mixtures, at...
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SrCe0.9In0.1O3-δ-based reversible symmetrical Protonic Ceramic Cell
PublikacjaIn-doped SrCe0.9In0.1O3-δ (SCI) perovskite-type oxide is utilized as the solid electrolyte, as well as a component, together with SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ (SFM) compound, in the composite-type electrodes to construct symmetrical Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells (PCFC). With good mutual stability of SCI and SFM at high temperatures in water vapor-containing reducing and oxidizing conditions, as well as sufficient ionic conductivity with high...