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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: non-enzymatic reaction
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Quantitative structure–activity relationships in enzymatic single-electron reduction of nitroaromatic explosives: implications for their cytotoxicity
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Enzymatic assays confirm the toxicity reduction after manure treatment of heavy metals contaminated soil
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Chemical and Enzymatic Changes of Different Soils during Their Acidification to Adapt Them to the Cultivation of Highbush Blueberry
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A solution of non-linear differential problem with application to selected geotechnical problems
PublikacjaA certain non-linear differential equation containing a power of unknown function being the solution is considered with application to selected geotechnical problems. The equation can be derived to a linear differential equation by a proper substitution and properties of the operations G and S.
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A new method for real-time monitoring of volatiles in frying fumes using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyse
PublikacjaTo safeguard the consumers’ well-being, it is necessary to develop novel methods for determination of carcinogens in food, including volatiles generated during frying. The currently used procedures for analysis of volatile fraction of vegetable oils are not based on real-time measurements and thus do not enable the determination of carcinogenic compounds in frying fumes; instead, only the headspace or liquid fraction is sampled....
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The impedance of hydrogen oxidation reaction in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell in the presence of carbon monoxide in hydrogen stream
PublikacjaEvaluation of performance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell, which is affected by carbon monoxide that pollutes the hydrogen stream, was presented. This influence was studied for carbon monoxide concentration of 125–325 ppb, which are close to values specified in ISO 14687:2019 standard. Performed studies provided crucial information for further development of fuel cell as an energy source for automotive application. Impedance...
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The role of aluminium in metal–organic frameworks derived carbon doped with cobalt in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
PublikacjaWater electrolysis is one of the most crucial processes in the development of new energy sources, where ultra-clean fuel is produced - hydrogen. Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the sluggish process of overall water splitting. Therefore, this study presents the design, characterization and electrochemical study of cobalt-based electrocatalysts embedded into porous carbons derived from an Al-metal–organic...
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Non-Destructive Assessment of Masonry Pillars using Ultrasonic Tomography
PublikacjaIn this paper, a condition assessment of masonry pillars is presented. Non-destructive tests were performed on an intact pillar as well as three pillars with internal inclusions in the form of a hole, a steel bar grouted by gypsum mortar, and a steel bar grouted by cement mortar. The inspection utilized ultrasonic stress waves and the reconstruction of the velocity distribution was performed by means of computed tomography. The...
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Local variance factors in deformation analysis of non-homogenous monitoring networks
PublikacjaThis paper proposes a modification of the classical deformation analysis algorithm for non-homogeneous (e.g. linear-angular) monitoring networks. The basis for the proposed solution is the idea of local variance factors. The theoretical discussion was complemented with an example of its application on a simulated horizontal monitoring network. The obtained results confirm the usefulness of the proposed solution.
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Load path sensitivity and multiaxial fatigue life prediction of metals under non-proportional loadings
PublikacjaEngineering components often operate under complex loadings, in which the variable amplitude multiaxial stresses are raised by geometric discontinuities including holes, grooves, fillets and shoulders, etc. Besides, the non-proportional loading will lead to the rotation of maximum principal stress/strain and additional fatigue damage of structural elements in service. Consequently, the multiaxial and non-proportional loading have...
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On jump conditions at non-material singular curves in the resultant shell thermomechanics
PublikacjaThe global, refined, resultant, two-dimensional (2D) balance laws of mass, linear and angular momenta, and energy as well as the entropy inequality were formulated by Pietraszkiewicz (2011) as exact implications of corresponding laws of 3D rational thermomechanics. In case of a shell with the regular base surface and all resultant surface fields differentiable everywhere on it and at any time instant, the local laws of the resultant...
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Novel fast non-linear electrochemical impedance method for corrosion investigations
PublikacjaThe paper presents a novel approach to corrosion rate monitoring using non-linear electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The authors propose a new variant of non-linear impedance measurement using amplitude-modulated multi-frequency ac perturbation signal. It allows shortening of measurement duration so it is possible to monitor corrosion rate of the systems experiencing rapid changes. In this way a limitation resulting from lack...
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Characterization of corrosion in reinforced concrete beams using destructive and non-destructive tests
PublikacjaThe paper presents both non-destructive and destructive experimental tests on steel-reinforced concrete beams subjected to electrochemical corrosion. To examine the condition and behavior of the specimens, destructive tests were carried out, i.e., a three-point bending together with a modulated ultrasonic wave test. In addition, a series of non-destructive experiments were conducted, such as the potential measurement method, low-frequency...
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Deodorization of model biogas by means of novel non-ionic deep eutectic solvent
PublikacjaThe paper presents new non-ionic deep eutectic solvent (DES) composed of natural and non-toxic components i.e. guaiacol, camphor and levulinic acid in 1:1:3 molar ratio as a promising absorbent for removal of selected volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including dichloromethane, toluene, hexamethyldisiloxane and propionaldehyde from model biogas. The affi nity of DES for VOCs was determined as vapour-liquid coeffi cients and the...
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Entangled rendezvous: a possible application of Bell non-locality for mobile agents on networks
PublikacjaRendezvous is an old problem of assuring that two or more parties, initially separated, not knowing the position of each other, and not allowed to communicate, are striving to meet without pre-agreement on the meeting point. This problem has been extensively studied in classical computer science and has vivid importance to modern and future applications. Quantum non-locality, like Bell inequality violation, has shown that in many...
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A Novel [4+2] Cycloaddition Reaction Involving Lawesson’s Reagent. Structure and Specific Fragmentations of a New Cyclic 1,2-Thiaphosphinane-4-one
PublikacjaA crude morpholine enamine of acetone treated with Lawesson’s reagent unexpectedly yielded a six-membered thiaphosphinane-4-one. This compound is the first example of a new class of heterocycles. It has been proven that it is formed from 4-methyl-2-morpholino-1,3-pentadiene which is usually present in crude morpholine enamine batches. A mechanism of this regioselective reaction was postulated and a characteristic chair-like conformation...
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Kinetic studies of complexation reaction of polyoxaalkyl phosphates with Fe(III) in ethanol
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Photocatalytic performance of titania nanospheres deposited on graphene in coumarin oxidation reaction
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Theoretical description of fundamental-harmonic impedance of a two-step electrode reaction
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Reaction of thio and seleno phosphoric acid derivatives with O-thioacylated hydroxylamine
PublikacjaZbadano reakcję siarkowych i selenowych analogów kwasu O,O-neopentylidenofosforowego z O-tiopiwaloilo-N-tert-butylohydroksyloaminą, w której to następuje rozszczepienie wiązania N-O. Znaleziono korelację pomiędzy potencjałem utleniającym anionu pochodnej kwasu fosforowego a przebiegiem badanej reakcji.
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Synthesis of antimicrobial silver nanoparticles through a photomediated reaction in an aqueous environment
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Changes in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis protein profile as a reaction of water pollution
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono zmiany w profilu białkowym małża Mytilus galloprovincialis jako odpowiedź na zanieczyszczenia wody. Określono pojemność przeciwutleniającą z wykorzystaniem testu TEAC. Stwierdzono różnice w poziomie inhibicji w białku pochodzącym od małży zebranych z regionów zanieczyszczonych w stosunku do małży pochodzących z regionów czystych.Zawartość cynku i kadmu w białkach małży pochodzących z regionów zanieczyszczonych...
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Properties of a lithium solid electrolyte gas sensor based on reaction kinetics
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono zasadę działania, budowę i właściwości czujnika gazu na bazie elektrolitu stałego z mobilnymi jonami litu. Czujnik został przygotowany w technologii grubowarstwowej. Przedstawiono wyniki badań czujnika w mieszaninach gazów toksycznych.
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Fused FeCo catalysts for hydrogen production by means of the ammonia decomposition reaction
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Reduction of the reaction torque of an in-line four-cylinder four-stroke engine
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono zarówno dokładne jak i uproszczone zależności na przebieg momentu reakcyjnego silnika, jedno i wielocylindrowego, przenoszonego na ramę pojazdu lub fundament. Wyprowadzono zależność na wartość przesunięcia wałków wyrównoważających zapewniającą całkowite wyeliminowanie wpływu sił bezwładności na przebieg momentu reakcyjnego w silnikach czterosuwowych czterocylindrowych. Wprowadzono kryteria doboru optymalnej...
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A hierarchical observer for a non-linear uncertain CSTR model of biochemical processes
PublikacjaThe problem of estimation of unmeasured state variables and unknown reaction kinetic functions for selected biochemical processes modelled as a continuous stirred tank reactor is addressed in this paper. In particular, a new hierarchical (sequential) state observer is derived to generate stable and robust estimates of the state variables and kinetic functions. The developed hierarchical observer uses an adjusted asymptotic observer...
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Application of infrared thermoography to non-contact testing of varistors
PublikacjaTesting of varistors using thermography was carried out in order to assess their protective properties against possible overvoltage phenomena in the form of high-level voltage surges. An advantage of the thermography technique is non-contact temperature measurement. It was proposed to assess the properties of varistors workingin electronic devices as protective elements, on the basis of estimating temperature increments on varist...
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Systems, environments, and soliton rate equations: A non-Kolmogorovian framework for population dynamics
PublikacjaSoliton rate equations are based on non-Kolmogorovian models of probability and naturally include autocatalytic processes. The formalism is not widely known but has great unexplored potential for applications to systems interacting with environments. Beginning with links of contextuality to non- Kolmogorovity we introduce the general formalism of soliton rate equations and work out explicit examples of subsystems interacting with...
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METHOD FOR SHIP'S ROLLING PERIOD PREDICTION WITH REGARD TO NON-LINEARITY OF GZ CURVE
PublikacjaThe paper deals with the problem of prediction of the rolling period. A special emphasis is put on the practical application of the new method for rolling period prediction with regard to non-linearity of the GZ curve. The one degree-of-freedom rolling equation is applied with using the non-linear stiffness moment and linear damping moment formulas. A number of ships are considered to research the discrepancies between the pending...
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Robust asymptotic super twisting sliding mode observer for non-linear uncertain biochemical systems
PublikacjaThe problem of state estimation (reconstruction of the state vector) for a given class of biochemical systems under uncertain system dynamics has been addressed in this paper. In detail, the bioreactor at a water resource recovery facility represents the considered biochemical systems. The biochemical processes taking place in the bioreactor have been modelled using an activated sludge model. Based on this model, an appropriate...
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N-doped mesoporous carbon nanosheets obtained by pyrolysis of a chitosan–melamine mixture for the oxygen reduction reaction in alkaline media.
PublikacjaBy simple thermal decomposition of low-cost precursors (chitosan, melamine) in an inert atmosphere, nitrogen-doped porous carbonaceous materials were prepared. The samples pyrolyzed at 700 C are composed of mainly mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets and partially graphitized carbon. The nanosheets contain a disordered area due to the strain imposed by the presence of nitrogen and/or oxygen groups in their structure. Some...
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Non-standard contact conditions in generalized continua: microblock contact model for a Cosserat body
PublikacjaGeneralized continuum theories involve non-standard boundary conditions that are associated with the additional kinematic variables introduced in those theories, e.g., higher gradients of the displacement field or additional kinematic degrees of freedom. Accordingly, formulation of a contact problem for such a continuum necessarily requires that adequate contact conditions are formulated for the additional kinematic variables and/or...
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Non-destructive inspection of ground anchors using guided wave propagation
PublikacjaThis paper deals with numerical and experimental investigations of specific problems of guided wave propagation in ground anchors. The research focuses on recognizing the phenomenon of the energy transfer between anchor components. Particular attention is paid to characteristic features of guided waves propagating in free and embedded parts of the tendon, at the interface between the tendon and the surrounding anchor body as well...
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LONG-TERM RISK CLASS MIGRATIONS OF NON-BANKRUPT AND BANKRUPT ENTERPRISES
PublikacjaThis paper investigates how the process of going bankrupt can be recognized much earlier by enterprises than by traditional forecasting models. The presented studies focus on the assessment of credit risk classes and on determination of the differences in risk class migrations between non-bankrupt enterprises and future insolvent firms. For this purpose, the author has developed a model of a Kohonen artificial neural network to...
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Non-Linear Analysis of Structures Utilizing Load-Discretization of Stiffness Matrix Method with Coordinate Update
PublikacjaThis paper proposes a stiffness method based structural analysis algorithm for geometrically non-linear structures. In this study, the applied load on the joints has been discretized to a sequence of a few loadings applied. Each loading step produces incremental external nodal displacements, which are added to the corresponding coordinates to get a new geometrical shape of the structure. This process is iteratively repeated until...
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The Quaternization Reaction of 5-O-Sulfonates of Methyl 2,3-o-Isopropylidene-β-D-Ribofuranoside with Selected Heterocyclic and Aliphatic Amines
PublikacjaThe synthesis of N-((methyl 5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-β-D-ribofuranoside)-5-yl) ammonium salts are presented. To determine the effect of the nucleophile type and outgoing group on the quaternization reaction, selected aliphatic and heterocyclic aromatic amines reacted with: methyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-O-tosyl-β-D-ribofuranoside or methyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-O-mesyl-β-D -ribofuranoside or methyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-5-O-triflyl-β-D-ribofuranoside...
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Gains selection of non-proportional observers of an induction motor with dyadic methods
PublikacjaThe paper presents issues related to calculation of gains of non-proportional observers of magnetic fluxes of an induction motor. A transformation is discussed, based on dyadic matrices, that affords possibility of applying well-known methods used in single-output systems to observers of multi-output systems. The impact of dyadic transformation on possibility of poles placement of the observer is analyzed....
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Acoustic field and the entropy mode induced by it in a waveguide filled with some non-equilibrium gases
PublikacjaThe non-linear propagation of an acoustic beam in a rectangular waveguide is considered. The medium of sound propagation, is a gas where thermodynamically non-equilibrium processes take place: such as exothermic chemical reactions or excitation of vibrational degrees of a molecule’s freedom. The incident and reflected compounds of the acoustic field do not interact in the leading order in the case of periodic weakly nonlinear sound...
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Bio and slide bearings, their lubrication by non-Newtonian oils and applications in non-conventional systems
PublikacjaProject MTK-CT-2005-2008-517226Praca opisuje główne kierunki badawcze projektu europejskiego ToK, którego autor jest koordynatorem z ramienia Politechniki Gdańskiej.
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The unstable thermoelectric effect in non-stoichiometric Cu2Se during the non-equilibrium phase transition
PublikacjaThe superionic α ↔ β phase transition in Cu1.96Se thermoelectric material is investigated by means of thermal analysis (DSC) and measurements of Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity. Results of the DSC measurements with 1–10 K/min heating and cooling rates show that the material is close to the equilibrium phase composition during the transformation. However, the kinetic limitation of the process exists, which is indicated...
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Non-relativistic quantum scattering from non-local separable potentials: the eignchannel approach
PublikacjaOstatnio sformułowana wersja metody kanałów własnych [R. Szmytkowski, Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 311, 503 (2004)] została zastosowana do kwantowego rozpraszania cząstek Schroedingera na nielokalnych potencjałach separowalnych. Wektory kanałów własnych oraz ujemne kotangensy przesunięć fazowych zostały wprowadzone jako rozwiązania własne pewnego uogólnionego macierzowego zagadnienia na wartości własne, bez konieczności uprzedniej konstrukcji...
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Tuning of eg electron occupancy of MnCo2O4 spinel for oxygen evolution reaction by partial substitution of Co by Fe at octahedral sites
PublikacjaTo study the effect of partial Co substitution by Fe in the B site of MnCo2O4 spinel on its physicochemical and electrochemical properties, a series of MnCo2-xFexO4 powders (x=0.125; 0.250; 0.500; 0.750; 1.000) were synthesized by means of the sol-gel method. The produced powders were characterized by powder X ray diffraction (pXRD), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM & TEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy...
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Utilizing pulse dynamics for non-invasive Raman spectroscopy of blood analytes
PublikacjaNon-invasive measurement methods offer great benefits in the field of medical diagnostics with molecular-specific techniques such as Raman spectroscopy which is increasingly being used for quantitative measurements of tissue biochemistry in vivo. However, some important challenges still remain for label-free optical spectroscopy to be incorporated into the clinical laboratory for routine testing. In particular, non-analyte-specific...
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Computer System for Evaluation of Shock Hazard in Circuits with Non-sinusoidal Earth Currents
PublikacjaEffects of current on people are mainly considered for 50/60 Hz sinusoidal current and smooth direct current. However, modern low voltage circuits are very often equipped with power electronics converters – rectifiers, frequency converters, therefore non-sinusoidal earth currents (touch currents) occur. For non-sinusoidal currents safety criteria should be modified. This paper presents a computer system, based on LabVIEW environment,...
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Numerical simulation of screw displacement pile interaction with non-cohesive soil
PublikacjaA trial numerical simulation of screw displacement pile interaction with non-cohesive subsoil during the transfer of compression load. The simulation was carried out in an axisymmetric system. The technological phases of pile installation in the ground were numerically modelled using equivalent processes which provided similar effects to real technical actions. The results of the numerical calculations were verified by comparing...
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Numerical Modelling of Shear Localization in Granular Bodies using MPM and Non-local Hypoplasticity
PublikacjaThe paper deals with modelling of shear localization in granular bodies by means of an enhanced hypoplastic constitutive model and material point method (MPM). The calculations were carried out for plane strain compression of non-cohesive sand. In order to properly capture the width and inclination of shear zones, the constitutive model was enriched by a characteristic length of micro-structure by means of a non-local theory....
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Reaction of 4-benzylidene-2-methyl-5-oxazolone with amines, Part 2: Influence of substituents in para-position in the phenyl ring and a substituent on amine nitrogen atom on the reaction kinetics
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NO-BROADCASTING OF NON-SIGNALLING BOXES VIA OPERATIONS WHICH TRANSFORM LOCAL BOXES INTO LOCAL ONES
PublikacjaWe deal with families of probability distributions satisfying non-signalling condition, called non-signalling boxes and consider a class of operations that transform local boxes into local ones (the one that admit LHV model). We prove that any operation from this class cannot broadcast a bipartite non-local box with 2 binary inputs and outputs. We consider a function called anti-Robustness which can not decrease under these operations....
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Mispronunciation Detection in Non-Native (L2) English with Uncertainty Modeling
PublikacjaA common approach to the automatic detection of mispronunciation in language learning is to recognize the phonemes produced by a student and compare it to the expected pronunciation of a native speaker. This approach makes two simplifying assumptions: a) phonemes can be recognized from speech with high accuracy, b) there is a single correct way for a sentence to be pronounced. These assumptions do not always hold, which can result...
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Multi-Taper-Based Automatic Correction of Non-Anechoic Antenna Measurements
PublikacjaPrototype measurements belong to the key steps in the development of antenna structures. Although accurate validation of their far-field performance can be realized in dedicated facilities, such as anechoic chambers, the high cost of their construction and maintenance might not be justified if the main goal of measurements is to support teaching or low-budget research. Instead, they can be performed in non-anechoic conditions and...