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Application of OFDM technique to underwater acoustic data transmission
PublikacjaPerformances of underwater acoustic communication (UAC) digital systems are strongly related to specific transmission properties of the underwater channel. Depending on the characteristics of the channel, an architecture and modulation techniques are usually implemented that are known as reliable solutions for data transmission in difficult radio channels. The OFDM technique seems to be the most promising nowadays. The parameters...
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Facial emotion recognition using depth data
PublikacjaIn this paper an original approach is presented for facial expression and emotion recognition based only on depth channel from Microsoft Kinect sensor. The emotional user model contains nine emotions including the neutral one. The proposed recognition algorithm uses local movements detection within the face area in order to recognize actual facial expression. This approach has been validated on Facial Expressions and Emotions Database...
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New methodology for calculating cost-efficiency of different ways of voting: is internet voting cheaper?
PublikacjaNew ways of voting in elections are being sought by electoral administrations worldwide who want to reverse declining voter turnouts without increasing electoral budgets. This paper presents a novel approach to cost accounting for multi-channel elections based on local elections in Estonia. By doing so, it addresses an important gap in the academic literature in this field. The authors confirm that internet voting was most cost-efficient...
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Single-Family Treatment Wetlands Progress in Poland
PublikacjaLong distances from one farm to another as well as unfavourable terrain configuration in rural areas in Poland result in high investment and operation costs of sewerage systems. Treatment wetlands (TWs) can be an alternative solution to sewage treatment in rural communities, schools, at campsites and for single houses. In this paper the results of 4 years monitoring of single-family treatment plants (SFTWs) in Kaszuby Lake...
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Marine traffic risk modelling – an innovative approach and a case study
PublikacjaThis paper presents a model to analyse the risk of two common marine accidents: collision and grounding. Attention is focused on oil tankers since they pose the highest environmental risks. A case study in selected areas of the Gulf of Finland in ice-free conditions is presented. The model utilizes a formula for risk calculation that considers both the probability of an unwanted event and its consequences. The model can be decomposed...
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Detailed experimental investigations on frictional pressure drop of R134a during flow boiling in 5 mm diameter channel: The influence of acceleration pressure drop component =Études expérimentales détaillées sur la chute de pression frictionnelle du R134a lors de l'ébullition en écoulement dans un canal de 5 mm de diamètre : influence de la composante d'accélération de la chute de pression
PublikacjaThis article presents detailed two-phase diabatic pressure drop data for refrigerant R134a at a saturation pressure of 5.5 bar corresponding to the saturation temperature of 19.4 °C. Study cases have been set for a mass flux varying from 100 to 500 kg m−2 s−1. The obtained data are used as a validation of the void fraction literature models, a set of graphs shows comparisons, for a representative set of experimental conditions,...
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Numeryczna analiza hydrauliki toru kajakarstwa górskiego w Drzewicy
PublikacjaW artykule zaproponowano wykorzystanie do analizy hydrodynamiki toru kajakarstwa górskiego symulacji numerycznej, wykorzystującej dwuwymiarowe równania ruchu wody w warunkach przepływu szybkozmiennego. Rozwiązanie równań hydrodynamiki wykonano samodzielnie z zastosowaniem metody objętości skończonych. Jako przykład zastosowania zaproponowanej metody przedstawiono analizę przepływu wzdłuż istniejącego, poddanego modernizacji toru...
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Research into the Movements of Surface Water Masses in the Basins Adjacent to the Port
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of the practical and simulation research into determining the routes of movement of small objects moving together with surface water masses in basins adjacent to the port. The results of this research were referenced against the modelling of routes of small objects in port channel basins. The results of practical research concerning the movement of small objects in basins adjacent to the port were...
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Improving listeners' experience for movie playback through enhancing dialogue clarity in soundtracks
PublikacjaThis paper presents a method for improving users' quality of experience through processing of movie soundtracks. The dialogue clarity enhancement algorithms were introduced for detecting dialogue in movie soundtrack mixes and then for amplifying the dialogue components. The front channel signals (left, right, center) are analyzed in the frequency domain. The selected partials in the center channel signal, which yield high disparity...
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Recurrent bowel-blood translocations of Escherichia coli with the unique virulence characteristics over three-year period in the patient with acute myeloid leukaemia – case report
PublikacjaIn patients with haematological malignancies, the bowel remains the main source of Escherichia coli bloodstream infections. We present the clinical example of recurrent bowel-blood translocations of E. coli with the unique virulence characteristics in a 55-year-old male with the diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia. The virulent factors profile of examined strains confirmed that the co-existence of genes papC, sfa, usp and cnf1,...
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Investigations on the removal of hydrophobic odorous volatile organic compounds by biotrickling filtration monitored with electronic nose
PublikacjaThe presented paper presents the results of research on the removal of selected hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from their mixture with air by means of a trickled-bed biofiltration. The efficiency of the removal of toluene and α-pinene, as model VOCs, in a three-section biotrickling filter is evaluated using GCFID and additionally monitored with an electronic nose. The results show that the removal of the model mixture...
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Synchronic digital stereophotography and photogrammetric analyses in monitoring the flow of liquids in open channels
PublikacjaThe authors present the results of their research into photogrammetric documents based on synchronic digital images. Examples presented in the paper indicate the value of synchronic stereophotography in registering phenomena connected with liquids. Combining synchronic stereophotography with photogrammetric methods has allowed the authors to develop an application useful for monitoring the flow of a liquid in an open channel.
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A Nyquist filter of fractional delay
PublikacjaIn the paper a novel discrete-time FIR fractonal delay specjal filter is investigated. This is a Nyquist filter which, besides the traditional its attribute (interymbol interference (ISI) free property), has the ability to compensate for subsample transmission delay involved, for example, in multipath propagation channel. The performance of the filter is analysed and illustrated.
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System eLoran w Europie
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono historię powstania oraz stan aktualny systemu eLoran w Europie. Opisano także strukturę sygnałów Loran-C i sposób transmisji danych w rozwiązaniach Eurofix i Loran Data Channel, a także plany rozwojowe systemu w różnych częściach świata.
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Development and Validation of SPE-HPLC-MS/MS Method for Determining Cyclophosphamide in Surface Waters
PublikacjaA rapid and selective method for trace amounts determination of cyclophosphamide in surface water samples has been developed. A solid phase extraction SPE method for extraction and clean-up procedure has been optimized for determination by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The analyses proceed in the positive ion mode by means of the electrospray ionization method (ESI). Clean...
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Characterisation of Escherichia coli isolates from the blood of haematological adult patients with bacteraemia: translocation from gut to blood requires the cooperation of multiple virulence factors
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to investigate whether there are unique pathotypes of Escherichia coli capable of transmission from the gastrointestinal tract to the vascular bed. The study included E. coli strains isolated from clinical materials collected from 115 patients suffering from haematologic malignancies diagnosed with bacteraemia. The genotyping techniques established that 89 E. coli isolates from the blood had the same genotype...
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25 years of research and experiences about the application of constructed wetlands in southeastern Poland
PublikacjaThis paper is a review of research and experiences related to the application of constructed wetland systems (CWs) in southeastern Poland in 1992–2016. On the basis of literature data, a comparison between pollutant removal efficiencies of one-stage and hybrid CWs was made. Some problems regarding the operation of these treatment plants were also presented. Data from various facilities indicate that one-stage CWs with horizontal...
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The state of the art in the field of decrease the pollution in the South Baltic area
PublikacjaVarious form of human activity such as maritime transports, industrial activities, busy traffic, intensive farming and animal husbandry can have negative impact on natural marine environment. Baltic Sea catchment area is characterized by the high river water flux and wastewater treatment plants discharges. Additionally, the limited shallow connection to the North Sea results in little water exchange and residence time of approximately...
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User Orientation Detection in Relation to Antenna Geometry in Ultra-Wideband Wireless Body Area Networks Using Deep Learning
PublikacjaIn this paper, the issue of detecting a user’s position in relation to the antenna geometry in ultra-wideband (UWB) off-body wireless body area network (WBAN) communication using deep learning methods is presented. To measure the impulse response of the channel, a measurement stand consisting of EVB1000 devices and DW1000 radio modules was developed and indoor static measurement scenarios were performed. It was proven that for...
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Thermal-FSI modeling of flow and heat transfer in a heat exchangerbased on minichanels
PublikacjaIn this paper selected numerical modelling problems for an advanced thermal-FSI ("Fluid Solid Interaction") mini-channel heat exchanger model are presented. Special attention is given to the heat transfer between the separated mediums for different mass flows. Similar modelling problems have also been discussed in the literature dedicated to numerical and theoretical modelling problems for typical heat exchangers [1, 2, 3]. Basic...
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Hydraulic resistance analyses of selected elements of the prototype Stirling engine
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of simulation tests of hydraulic resistance and temperature distribution of the prototype Stirling alpha engine supplied with waste heat. The following elements were analyzed: heater, regenerator and cooler. The engine uses compressed air as a working gas. Analyses were carried out for three working pressure values and different engine speeds. The work was carried out in order to optimize the configuration...
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Monitoring and efficiency assessment of biofilter air deodorization using electronic nose prototype
PublikacjaBiofiltration is one of the techniques used to reduce odorants in the air. It is based on the aerobic degradation of pollutants by microorganisms located in the filter bed. The research presents the possibility of using the electronic nose prototype for monitoring and efficiency assessment of air biofiltration. The study was conducted using model gas mixtures containing representatives of three groups of chemical compounds: n-hexane...
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The Transmission Protocol of Sensor Ad Hoc Networks
PublikacjaThis paper presents a secure protocol for a radio Ad Hoc sensor network. This network uses the TDMA multiple access method. The transmission rate on the radio channel is 57.6 kbps. The paper presents the construction of frames, types of packets and procedures for the authentication, assignment of time slots available to the node, releasing assigned slots and slots assignment conflict detection.
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Likwidacja suchego doku przy Nabrzeżu Przemysłowym w Porcie Gdańsk
PublikacjaW niniejszej pracy przedstawiono problemy techniczne związane z likwidacją dużego obiektu hydrotechnicznego, stanowiącego utrudnienie nawigacyjne w intensywnie eksploatowanym portowym kanale dostępowym w Porcie Gdańsk. Dwukomorowy dok zlokalizowany przy Nabrzeżu Przemysłowym wybudowano w latach 1970-1972. Komory dokowe służyły do budowy żelbetowych, pływających skrzyń falochronowych, na potrzeby budowanego w tym czasie Portu Północnego....
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Wyznaczanie odpływu ze zlewni niekontrolowanych Kanału Raduni podczas powodzi w 2001 r.
PublikacjaMetoda SCS (ang. Soil Conservation Service) pozwalająca wyznaczyć wysokość opadu efektywnego. Metoda geomorfologicznego hydrogramu jednostkowego do wyznaczenia hydrogramu odpływu ze zlewni niekontrolowanej. Aplikacja metody do sytuacji w zlewni Kanału Raduni na przykładzie powodzi z 2001 roku. Wyniki obliczeń dla potoków zasilających Kanał Raduni, odniesienie uzyskanych przepływów do dopływu z 2001 roku.
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Habitat-related patterns of soft-bottom macrofaunal assemblages in a brackish, low-diversity system (southern Baltic Sea)
PublikacjaCoastal areas provide a high variety of sedimentary habitats that influence the structure of resident fauna even on small geographical scales. Therefore, examinations of spatial variations in benthic assemblages require background knowledge of the environmental and biotic heterogeneity of habitats in order to understand ecological processes in such areas. The effect of habitat-related abiotic and biological variables on macrofaunal...
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Analysis of diagnostic informativeness of the exhaust temperature of a naval gas turbine
PublikacjaThe conducted investigations aimed to carry out an analysis of the possibility that the failures identification in the automatic control system of a gas turbine engine could be worked out on the basis of measurements of the exhaust stream temperature behind the gas generator. The exhaust temperature represents a basic control parameter, enabling technical state evaluation of the engine within the operation process, which is observed...
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Transmission Quality in MC-CDMA Radio Interface with Turbo Codes
PublikacjaMulti-Carrier Code Division Multiple Access techiques is a combination of two radio access techniques: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and Orthogonal Frequency-called Division Multiplexing (OFDM) and has the advantages of both techniques. The paper presents the design of transmitter and receiver for MC-CDMA radio interface and the simulation results of the transmission quality in AWGN channel.
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The secure transmission protocol of sensor Ad Hoc network
PublikacjaThe paper presents a secure protocol of radio Ad Hoc sensor network. This network operates based on TDMA multiple access method. Transmission rate on the radio channel is 57.6 kbps. The paper presents the construction of frames, types of packets and procedures for the authentication, assignment of time slots available to the node, releasing assigned slots and slots assignment conflict detection.
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The Analysis of Cross-Polarisation Discrimination for Body Area Networks in Cylindrical Metallic Environment
PublikacjaThe analysis of cross-polarisation discrimination for Body Area Networks in an untypical environment of cylindrical metallic room has been performed in the paper. This analysis was done based on the measurements carried out for dynamic narrowband off-body channels operating at the frequency of 2.45 GHz. The results have shown that there is a strong dependence of the depolarisation effect on the existence of direct component in...
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Treatment Wetland for Overflow Stormwater Treatment: The Impact of Pollutant Particles Size
PublikacjaThe problem of stormwater treatment in urban areas has become increas- ingly crucial. It has been widely recognized that both mechanical and biological treatment of stormwater is necessary to protect surface water against pollution. Moreover, technology must be applied to ensure effective treatment in changing hydraulic conditions and to serve, to the extent possible, as a retention volume. Treatment wetland (TW) could be...
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The home-made in situ passive flux sampler for the measurement of monoterpene emission flux: preliminary studies
PublikacjaThe paper presents the construction and metrological characteristics of the home-made in situ passive flux sampler, an analytical tool representing small-scale emission chambers working in situ and passively sampling analytes from the gaseous phase. The sorption element was a cylindrical container made of stainless steel net, packed with a carbon sorbent bed-graphitized charcoal, Carbograph 4 (35/50mesh). The recommended working/exposure...
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Efficiency and proportions of waste tyre pyrolysis products depending on the reactor type—A review
PublikacjaThis article discusses the current use of different pyrolytic reactors, their constructions and operating principles regarding the yields of main products of waste tyre pyrolytic recycling. Whether one makes a larger or smaller profit, or even a loss due to a surcharge being levied on waste tyre recycling, depends on the sale of the pyrolysis products (gas, char, oil), the proportions and market prices of which differ. The cheapest...
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Using wavelet techniques for multibeam sonar bathymetry data compression
PublikacjaMultibeam sonars are widely used in applications like high resolution bathymetry measurements or underwater object imaging. One of the significant problems in multibeam sensing of the marine environment is large amount of data which must be transmitted from the sonar processing unit to an operator station using a limited bit rate channel. For instance, such a situation would be in the case when the multibeam sonar was mounted on...
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On the compression of multibeam sonar raw bathymetry data
PublikacjaMultibeam sonars are widely used in applications like high resolution bathymetry measurements or underwater object imaging. One of the significant problems in multibeam sensing of the marine environment is large amount of data which must be transmitted from the sonar processing unit to an operator station using a limited bit rate channel. For instance, such a situation would be in the case when the multibeam sonar was mounted on...
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Analysis of Impulse Responses Measured in Motion in a Towing Tank
PublikacjaThe growing interest in developing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and creating underwater sensor networks (USNs) has led to a need for communication tools in underwater environments. For obvious reasons, wireless means of communication are the most desirable. However, conducting research in real conditions is troublesome and costly. Moreover, as hydroacoustic propagation conditions change very significantly, even during...
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Analysis of Impulse Responses Measured in Motion in a Towing Tank
PublikacjaThe growing interest in developing autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) and creating underwater sensor networks (USNs) has led to a need for communication tools in underwater environments. For obvious reasons, wireless means of communication are the most desirable. However, conducting research in real conditions is troublesome and costly. Moreover, as hydroacoustic propagation conditions change very significantly, even during...
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Modelowanie przepływu pary przez okołodźwiękowe wieńce turbinowe z użyciem sztucznych sieci neuronoych
PublikacjaNiniejszy artykuł stanowi opis modelu przepływu pary przez okołodźwiękowe stopnie turbinowe, stworzonego w oparciu o sztuczne sieci neuronowe (SSN). Przedstawiony model neuronowy pozwala na wyznaczenie rozkładu wybranych parametrów w analizowanym przekroju kanału przepływowego turbiny dla rozpatrywanego zakresu wartości ciśnienia wlotowego.
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Orientation effects on the fracture behaviour of additively manufactured stainless steel 316L subjected to high cyclic fatigue
PublikacjaIn this paper, stainless steel 316L (SS316L) bars were additively manufactured (AM) in three orientations (Z – vertical, XY – horizontal, ZX45 – midway between vertical and horizontal) by using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Melting (LPBF-M) method. The AM specimens were subjected to load control fatigue testing under full tension and compression (R = -1) at stress amplitudes ±350, ±400 and ±450 MPa. The XY and ZX45 printing orientations...
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The concept of research on ecological, energy and reliability effects of modified marine fuel oils application to supply compression-ignition engines in real conditions
PublikacjaWithin the article, basic assumptions of the research project financed by Regional Fund for Environmental Protection and Water in Gdansk were described. The project concerns the experimental investigations carried out on laboratory compression-ignition engine in conditions of its supply with a non-standard marine fuel oil. Configuration and measuring capability of laboratory test bed presently being constructed were introduced....
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Temperature Impact of Nitrogen Transformation in Technological System: Vertical Flow Constructed Wetland and Polishing Pond
PublikacjaThe article describes the results of the research, purpose of which was to evaluate influence of the temperature on the effectiveness of nitrification and denitrification in the sewage treatment system consisting of vertical flow constructed wetland and polishing pond. During the analysed period, the efficiency of removing total nitrogen was low and amounted to 12.7%. In the polishing pond in the summer period, content of total...
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Instantaneous complex frequency for pipeline pitch estimation
PublikacjaIn the paper a pipeline algorithm for estimating the pitch of speech signal is proposed. The algorithm uses instantaneous complex frequencies estimated for four waveforms obtained by filtering the original speech signal through four bandpass complex Hilbert filters. The imaginary parts of ICFs from each channel give four candidates for pitch estimates. The decision regarding the final estimate is made based on the real parts of...
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Efficient bounds on quantum-communication rates via their reduced variants
PublikacjaWe investigate one-way communication scenarios where Bob operating on his component can transfer some subsystem to the environment. We define reduced versions of quantum-communication rates and, further, prove upper bounds on a one-way quantum secret key, distillable entanglement, and quantum-channel capacity by means of their reduced versions. It is shown that in some cases they drastically improve their estimation.
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Natural convection in symmetrically heated vertical channels
PublikacjaThe study describes natural convection through a vertical channel, open on four sides and bound by two isothermal walls. Both balancing and infrared experimental investigations were performed in air (Pr = 0.71) to estimate the impact of channel width s and wall-to-ambient temperature difference (tw - t∞) on natural convective heat transfer, the formation of air flow patterns and the rate of flow pattern formation. The study was...
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Żegluga towarowa na Wiśle
PublikacjaKoncepcje rozwoju drogi wodnej WISŁY.Bariery utrudniaące rozwój transportu wodnego i przesłanki przemawiające za aktywizacją dróg wodnychb w Polsce.Propozycja drogi wodnej na Wiśle jako elementu łańcucha transportowego z terminalami kontenerowymi w porcie Gdańskim, Bydgoszczy,Warszawie oraz docelowo w rejonie Krakowa jako elementu przyszłego kanału Śląskiego. Koncepcja centrum logistycznego w Bydgoszczy
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Activated Carbon Produced by Pyrolysis of Waste Wood and Straw for PotentialWastewater Adsorption
PublikacjaPyrolysis of straw pellets and wood strips was performed in a fixed bed reactor. The chars, solid products of thermal degradation, were used as potential materials for activated carbon production. Chemical and physical activation processes were used to compare properties of the products. The chemical activation agent KOH was chosen and the physical activation was conducted with steam and carbon dioxide as oxidising gases. The eect...
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IoT for healthcare applications
PublikacjaThis chapter summarizes IRACON contributions related to the application of IoT in healthcare. It consists of the following three sections. Section 8.1 presents the measurement campaigns and the related statistical analysis to obtain various channel models for wearable and implantable devices. In addition, the importance of physical human-body phantoms used for channel, Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), and Electromagnetic (EM) exposure...
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Low-Voltage Low-Power Filters with Independent ω0 and Q Tuning for Electronic Cochlea Applications
PublikacjaAn acoustic second-order low-pass filter is proposed for filter banks emulating the operation of a human cochlea. By using a special filter structure and an innovative quality (Q)-factor tuning technique, an independent change of the cutoff frequency (ω0) and the Q-factor with unchanged gain at low frequencies is achieved in this filter. The techniques applied result in a simple filter design with low Q-factor sensitivity to component...
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Basic Hand Gestures Classification Based on Surface Electromyography
PublikacjaThis paper presents an innovative classification system for hand gestures using 2-channel surface electromyography analysis. The system developed uses the Support Vector Machine classifier, for which the kernel function and parameter optimisation are conducted additionally by the Cuckoo Search swarm algorithm. The system developed is compared with standard Support Vector Machine classifiers with various kernel functions. The average...
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Sustainable recovery of plant essential Nitrogen and Phosphorus from human urine using industrial coal fly ash
PublikacjaCoal-based thermal power plants play a pivotal role in meeting global energy demand. The amount of fly ash generated from these plants increases every year, and its successful use has posed a significant environmental risk in the last decade. In this study, coal fly ash was packed in a fixed-bed adsorption column to remove Urea–N from synthetic human urine. To assess the efficacy of fly ash in the removal of Nitrogen, various process...