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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: WEB
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Pedestrian safety in road traffic – studies, recommendations and proposed improvements
PublikacjaPedestrians are involved and most frequently the victims of every third road accident in Poland. Pedestrian accidents most frequently occur in complex circumstances, as a result of many factors related to the behaviour of drivers and pedestrians. The basic parameters that determine road safety include the perception of traffic and visibility on the road. The paper will present the results of research conducted within the project...
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Pedestrian and bicycle bridges as examples of safe collision-free road crossings
PublikacjaPedestrians are most at risk when they are crossing the road. This represents a significant proportion of all fatalities among pedestrians, amounting respectively to 50% in non-built-up areas and 75% in built-up areas. The most frequent reason for this accident is failure to give way. What is most terrible is that 30% of pedestrian accidents occurred at marked pedestrian crossings. Therefore, an important part of pedestrian safety...
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New polish catalogue of typical flexible and semi-rigid pavements
PublikacjaThe paper covers the following topics important for the development of the new Polish Catalogue of typical flexible and semi-rigid pavements: reasons for preparing the new issue of the Catalogue of typical flexible and semi-rigid pavements, items introduced in the new issue, organise the terminology related to pavements, design traffic calculations and new equivalent axle load factors,...
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The guidelines and principles for planning and design of road restraint systems
PublikacjaThe project RID 3A Road Safety Equipment (RoSE) implemented by the Gdansk University of Technology within the RID programme, aims to conduct a comprehensive study and analyses of different vehicle containment systems (PN-EN 1317) and types of support structures (PN-EN 12767) and their performance. Within the project an analysis will be conducted of available research reports...
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Speed management on local government managed roads – research, recommendations and guidelines
PublikacjaCommissioned by the National Road Safety Council Secretariat, the project “Guidelines for speed management on local government managed roads” studied car driver be haviour when subjected to selected speed management measures such a local speed restrictions, surveillance, traffic calming and restricted speed areas. In addition, analyses were conducted on the impact of selected me asures...
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Bus bays inventory using a terrestrial laser scanning system
PublikacjaThis article presents the use of laser scanning technology for the assessment of bus bay geo-location. Ground laser scanning is an effective tool for collecting three-dimensional data. Moreover, the analysis of a point cloud dataset can be a source of a lot of information. The authors have outlined an innovative use of data collection and analysis using the TLS regarding information on the flatness of bus bays. The results were...
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Impact of ITS services on the safety and efficiency of road traffic
PublikacjaThis paper describes the project entitled: “Impact of the use of Intelligent Transport Systems on the level of road safety” (agreement no. DZP/RID-I-41/7/NCBR/2016), implemented as part of the Road Innovations Development (RID) programme, funded by the National Centre for Research and Development and the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (GDDKiA). The project is run by a consortium comprising the Motor Transport...
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Conditions and capacity for implementing Poland’s vision zero
PublikacjaSince 1991 Poland has been systematically reducing its traffic hazard. Despite considerable progress Poland is still among the most dangerous countries in the European Union. The key types of actions that help to reduce fatalities include enhancement of pedestrian safety, reducing the number of speeding drivers and eliminating or reducing hazard on the road. The paper presents a brief diagnosis of the state of road safety in Poland...
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Magneto-thermal convection of low concentration nanofluids
PublikacjaThe main aim of this paper was to analyze possible utilization of the low concentration nanofluids and the magnetic field to enhance heat transfer. The studied fluids were based on water with an addition of copper particles (40-60 nm diameter). They belonged to the diamagnetic group of materials. As a first attempt to stated target the analysis of enclosure placed in the maximal value of square magnetic induction gradient was carried...
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Application of gamma densitometry and statistical signal analysis to gas phase velocity measurements in pipeline hydrotransport
PublikacjaThe work presents selected methods of signal analysis used in the processing of data obtained from radiometric probes. The used data came from an exemplary study of a two-phase liquid-gas flow at the laboratory installation. In such rigs many possible transport types may be observed, i.e. slug, plug and bubble flow, and each of them gives different signal-to-noise ratio of recorded data. Therefore, available radiometric methods...
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Methodology for assessing the lighting of pedestrian crossings based on light intensity parameters
PublikacjaOne of the possible preventive measures that could improve safety at crossings is to assess the state of illumination of the lighting installation located in the transition area for pedestrians. The City of Warsaw has undertaken to comprehensively assess the pedestrian crossings to determine the level of road safety and the condition of lighting. The lighting conditions related to pedestrian crossings without traffic lights in...
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Analysis of load carrying capacity and destruction mechanism of an intermediate anchorage steel plate for pillar jib crane
PublikacjaPillar jib cranes are often mounted to existing floors with the use of an intermediate anchorage steel plate instead of using independent foundations, what is shown in the figure. Standards for steel design provide only basic rules for the design of such an intermediate plate. This study presents a simple design approach by using a numerical model in order to analyze different parameters that have significant influence in the anchorage...
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Risk assessment methodologies for pedestrian crossings without traffic lights – Warsaw case study – pedestrian safety assessment
PublikacjaBased on data from 2015 [1], it was found that 31% of all fatalities in road accidents in Poland were pedestrians. In places accessible to pedestrian traffic 74.2% of total accidents involving pedestrians were recorded. Approximately 53.9% of accidents involving pedestrians take place in the proximity of pedestrian crossings. In the context of improving the safety of vulnerable road users, an assessment of the condition of infrastructure...
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Tools for road infrastructure safety management in Poland
PublikacjaThe objective of road safety infrastructure management is to ensure that when roads are planned, designed, built and used road risks can be systematically identified, assessed, removed and mitigated. There are a number of approaches to road safety management. European Union Directive 2008/96/EC requires EU member states to use four basic tools of road safety infrastructure management. An overview of the methods in these countries...
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Revitalization of the Narrow-Gauge Żuławy Commuter Railway and its effect on shipping conditions in the Vistula delta
PublikacjaThe article presents the Żuławy Access Railway and the effect of its revitalization on the change of navigational conditions in the Vistula delta. One of the problems analyzed in the article is the intersection of two different transport branches - the inland waterway and rail transport branches. A solution to the problem of their functioning is presented, without any major restrictions. Possible changes in navigational conditions...
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Radioisotope measurement of selected parameters of liquid-gas flow using single detector system
PublikacjaTo determine the parameters of two-phase flows using radioisotopes, usually two detectors are used. Knowing the distance between them, the velocity of the dispersed phase is calculated based on time delay estimation. Such a measurement system requires the use of two gamma-ray sealed sources. But in some situations it is also possible to determine velocity of dispersed phase using only one scintillation probe and one gamma-ray source....
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The consequences of applying a new Polish Water Law Act for protection against urban flooding
PublikacjaPrevious legal regulations did not create conditions for a comprehensive solution to the problems of the urban melioration complex. For over 20 years, urban flooding caused by atmospheric precipitation has been systematically recurring in Poland. The article was elaborated on the experience resulting from the 2001 and 2016 floods in Gdansk (Poland). The newly adopted Water Law Act creates a foundation for a systemic solution...
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Application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model gas mixtures using electronic nose
PublikacjaThe paper presents the possibility of application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model, ternary gas mixtures (α-pinene, toluene and triethylamine) using electronic nose prototype. The results obtained using fuzzy logic algorithms were compared with the values obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and sensory analysis. As the results of the studies, it was found the electronic nose prototype along...
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COMPARISON OF PREDICTIVE METHODS FOR FLOW BOILING HEAT TRANSFER IN CONVENTIONAL CHANNELS AND MINICHANNELS – THE EFFECT OF REDUCED PRESSURE
PublikacjaIn the paper are presented the results of follow on studies from [1]–[3] using authors own model to predict heat transfer coefficient during flow boiling. The model has been tested against a large selection of experimental data collected from various researchers to investigate the sensitivity of the in-house developed model. The collected experimental data came from various studies from literature and were conducted for the full...
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Experimental verification of visual method for measuring displacements of contact line elements
PublikacjaThe increase of rail vehicles speed, as well as the increase of their power, puts high demands on the power delivery system for traction vehicles The most critical point in the vehicle's power supply circuit is the contact between the current collector and contact wires. Ensuring a reliable co-operation of the current collector and contact line, requires technical development...
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Evaluation of the structures size in the liquid-gas flow by gamma-ray absorption
PublikacjaThe rapid development of tomography methods particularly electrical, X and gamma rays allows for a wide range of the information about flow structure. However, all of such methods are quite complicated. At the same time much simpler systems as the measuring system of gamma rays absorption, allows to obtain a all key flow information which describe the two-phase flow. In the article the results of analyzes of radiometric signal...
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The spatial planning of industrial areas in an urbanized area for cargo, in the development of inland waterway transport
PublikacjaSpatial planning, taking into account the configuration of the surface, i.e. its shape (relief) and the presence and mutual location of objects and points of characteristic water ports, is a derivative of several natural, economic, market, technical, social and political factors. It depends on the destination port, the planned structure of trade in cargo, the forecasted traffic of ships, passageways, the technology of reloading...
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Radioisotope measurements of the liquid-gas flow in the horizontal pipeline using phase method
PublikacjaThe paper presents application of the gamma-absorption method to a two-phase liquid-gas flow investigation in a horizontal pipeline. The water-air mixture was examined by a set of two Am-241 radioactive sources and two NaI(Tl) scintillation probes. For analysis of the electrical signals obtained from detectors the cross-spectral density function (CSDF) was applied. Results of the gas phase average velocity measurements for CSDF...
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Ciliated protozoa in the impact zone of the Uzhgorod treatment plant
PublikacjaThis paper presents the results of studies on the Uzh River (Ukraine, Zakarpattia Oblast) near the effluent point of a sewage treatment plant in Uzhgorod. The samples were taken at various sites of the treatment plant along the stages of purification process, as well as in the river, at a number of different points above and below the wastewater discharge. At each of these objects, the temperature...
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The use of mathematical models for diagnosis of activated sludge systems in WWTP
PublikacjaIn this study diagnosis of activated sludge systems in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) was investigated. Diagnosis of technical objects can be realized in many ways. One of the divisions of the diagnostic methods include modelling with or without a model of the object. The first of these is the analysis of the symptoms for which, based on the parameter values, the abnormality in the diagnosed objects are sought. Another way is...
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Effect of organic nitrogen concentration on the efficiency of trickling filters
PublikacjaThe study was conducted in Poland at six selected wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) based on the trickling filters Bioclere® technology. The aim of the study was to find the relationship between the influent organic nitrogen concentration and the purification efficiency expressed as effluent COD concentration. In the tests performed, the COD to BOD5 relationship was close to 2 and the ratio of BOD5 to TN was lower than 4. The...
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Computer Simulation in Predicting Biochemical Processes and Energy Balance at WWTPs
PublikacjaNowadays, the use of mathematical models and computer simulation allow analysis of many different technological solutions as well as testing various scenarios in a short time and at low financial budget in order to simulate the scenario under typical conditions for the real system and help to find the best solution in design or operation process. The aim of the study was to evaluate different concepts of biochemical processes and...
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Emotion Recognition - the need for a complete analysis of the phenomenon of expression formation
PublikacjaThis article shows how complex emotions are. This has been proven by the analysis of the changes that occur on the face. The authors present the problem of image analysis for the purpose of identifying emotions. In addition, they point out the importance of recording the phenomenon of the development of emotions on the human face with the use of high-speed cameras, which allows the detection of micro expression. The work that was...
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The effectiveness of polymer adhesive in reduction of vibrations of structural members
PublikacjaIn this paper, the idea of using polymer adhesive as a damping layer is proposed. An experimental study of two aluminium cantilevered beams has been conducted. One of them presents a plain cantilevered beam, while the second one considers two aluminium beams bonded with a polymer adhesive of different thickness (0,5; 1,2; 1,75; 3,1 and 5 mm). The polymer adhesive considered in the study is a specially designed flexible...
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Assessing groundwater vulnerability to sea water intrusion in the coastline of the inner Puck Bay using GALDIT method
PublikacjaIn this research, GALDIT method was used to assess seawater intrusion in the coastal aquifer of the inner Puck Bay (Southern Baltic Sea). The impact of potential sea-level rise on groundwater vulnerability for years 2081-2100 was also considered. The study area was categorized into three classes of vulnerability: low, moderate and high. The most vulnerable area is the Hel Peninsula with northern part of the Kashubian Coastland....
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Effects of safety barrier life cycle cost factors - identification and analysis
PublikacjaThe costs borne by road infrastructure authorities for managing and maintaining road devices such as safety barriers may be very high. This has prompted the need for identifying and analysing in detail all factors that influence the costs of safety barriers throughout their service life. To meet that need, the authors used international experience and field data collected under the LifeRoSE project to define the cost structure...
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Analysis of the possibilities in railways shape assessing using GNSS mobile measurements
PublikacjaIn recent years, a dynamic development of satellite positioning techniques using both static and mobile GNSS coordinates register mode can be observed. In addition, still developing Real-time GNSS Networks, post-processing algorithms and another measurement signal analysis algorithms, make the satellite measurements increasingly used in railway industry sector. In the article the possibilities which follows from the mobile satellite...
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Capacity analysis of the selected track system in partially ordered space
PublikacjaA proper location of the interval sections has significant impact on the traffic flow in the railway track network. This issue is critical during line modernization as well as when a new solution accounting for the traffic forecast at particular element of the railway track network is developed . However, the situation is more complex and more expensive for railway stations since improvement of the capacity requires critical organizational...
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Risk Diagnosis and Management with BBN for Civil Engineering Projects during Construction and Operation
PublikacjaThe authors demonstrate how expert knowledge about the construction and operation phases combined with monitoring data can be utilized for the diagnosis and management of risks typical to large civil engineering projects. The methodology chosen for estimating the probabilities of risk elements is known as Bayesian Belief Networks (BBN). Using a BBN model one can keep on updating the risk event probabilities as the new evidence...
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Signals features extraction in radioisotope liquid-gas flow measurements using wavelet analysis
PublikacjaKnowledge of the structure of a flow is significant for the proper conduct of a number of industrial processes. In this case, a description of a two-phase flow regimes is possible by use of the time-series analysis in time, frequency and state-space domain. In this article the Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is applied for analysis of signals obtained for water-air flow using gamma ray absorption. The presented method was illustrated...
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Analysis and interpretation of radiometric signals in a liquid-gas bubble flow
PublikacjaThe article presents the analysis of signals from a radiometric system consisting of two scintillation probes and two gamma radiation sealed sources. Calculations and interpretation were carried out for the bubble flow of the water-air mixture in the horizontal pipeline. The analysis of the obtained signals was done in time and frequency domain. In the frequency domain, a range of usable frequencies was identified, which were associated...
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The use of various species of fungi in biofiltration of air contaminated with odorous volatile organic compounds
PublikacjaAir pollution with odorous compounds is a significant social and environmental problem. This paper presents biological deodorization methods. The attention is focused on the application of biotrickling filters for air deodorization. Principles of their operation are discussed, indicating the key role of the selection of microorganisms responsible for the degradation of odorous compounds. A literature overview of the used fungal...
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The effects of selected factors on regional road fatalities – analysis of the Łódź region
PublikacjaAnalysis of regional accident records shows that a country’s national road safety programme does not have the same effect in each of its regions. What may be a serious problem in one region may be of marginal significance in another. Polish and international experience shows that main risk groups and types of accidents related to the level of development and quality of the road network differ from region to region. The conclusion...
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Heat transfer intensification by jet impingement – numerical analysis using RANS approach
PublikacjaJet impingement is a method of the heat transfer enhancement applied in the engineering systems. The idea is to generate fast-flow fluid jet which impinge on the heated (or cooled) surface, causing significantly higher heat transfer rate. Although some flat surface jet impingement cases are described in the literature, the validated data is still limited. The reason is coming from the fact, that these flows are hydrodynamically...
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Assessment of technical condition and repair of steel structure elements on the example of fire damage in a warehouse building
PublikacjaThe paper analyses a case study on the structural assessment of warehouse building partially damaged by fire caused by external source (fire of lorries close to the building). The authors focus on the site investigations and laboratory test results prior to assessing actual condition of the structural elements. Both strengthening concept and repair procedure of a steel column are addressed here. A short literature survey in the...
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Accuracy analysis of 3D model obtained by photogrammetric method on the example of historic room from Wisłoujście Fortress
PublikacjaThe article presents a comparison of obtained models of a test object. Close range photogrammetry was used to obtain 3D models. As test object was used one of the rooms located in Wisłoujście Fortress in Gdańsk, Poland. Different models were obtained by using different distribution and number of reference points. Article contains analysis of differences between coordinates of control points obtained from total station measurements...
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Impact of probability distribution on the uncertainty of resistance measurement
PublikacjaThe paper presents studies on the influence of probability distributions on the expanded uncertainty of the resistance measurement. Choosing the correct probability distribution is very important to estimate of measurement uncertainty. The paper presents the results of analysis of the resistance measurement uncertainty using the technical method of resistance: 100 G. The analysis of the uncertainty...
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Overhead wires detection by FPGA real-time image processing
PublikacjaThe paper presents design and hardware implementation of real-time image filtering for overhead wires detection divided on image processing and results presentation blocks. The image processing block was separated from the whole implementation, and its delay and hardware complexity was analysed. Also the maximum frequency of image processing of the proposed implementation was estimated.
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Improvement of the load capacity of the road overpass as a result of repairs after breakage caused by vehicle impacts
PublikacjaDamage of spans of the overpass caused by impact of underpassing vehicles are a frequent case. Objects that use prefabricated load-bearing elements that are not designed for such impacts are particularly exposed. After impact, such parts suffer extensive damage that need repair. Taking advantages of this recovery actions it is worth to perform strengthening that will protect object against possible future impacts. In this study...
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Dimethyl ether (DME) as potential environmental friendly fuel
PublikacjaIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in replacing petroleum fuels with so-called second generation environmental friendly fuels. Compared to traditional petroleum fuels dimethyl ether (DME) could be used as a clean high-efficiency compression ignition fuel with reduced particulate matter (PM), sulfur oxides (SOx), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) as well as combustion noise. Compared to some of the other leading...
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Dynamic tests of composite footbridge segment – experimental and numerical studies
PublikacjaExperimental dynamic tests and numerical simulations of a 3 meters long segment of a footbridge made of polymer composites are presented in the paper. The span-length is reduced, however dimensions of cross-section are the same as the target footbridge. The segment structure is made of sandwich panels, which consist of fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates (skins) and a PET foam (core). The first part of the paper contains...
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Purification of model biogas from toluene using deep eutectic solvents
PublikacjaBiogas from landfills and wastewater treatment facilities typically contain a wide range of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), that can cause severe operational problems when biogas is used as fuel. Among the contaminants commonly occur aromatic compounds, i.e. benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene and xylenes (BTEX). In order to remove BTEX from biogas, different processes can be used. A promising process for VOCs removal is their absorption...
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Lighting requirements for pedestrian crossings - positive contrast
PublikacjaFor many years now in Poland there has been a large number of road accidents at pedestrian crossings during night periods [5, 11]. One of the technical solutions that can improve this condition is the use of proper lighting for pedestrian crossings. The designated pedestrian crossing should be visible in different weather conditions and at different times of the day. In case of night vision restrictions use artificial lighting...
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The flux compression generator load parameters selection
PublikacjaComputer simulation results of the flux compression generator (FCG) loaded with an inductor has been presented in this paper. Simulation research has been performed in order to select the parameters of FCG load coil properly. The influence of the load inductance and resistance on the current gain factor and the magnetic field energy accumulated in a load coil has been investigated.
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Numerical simulations of overflow experiments on a model dike
PublikacjaDike failure due to overtopping is one of the important factors, which should be considered in the dike designing process. Although the overflow is characterized by the relatively low risk of occurrence, in many cases dikes are totally destroyed or seriously damaged. An interesting phenomenon occurring during overflow is the trapping of air in pores of the unsaturated soil material. As the infiltration progresses from all sides,...