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Search results for: BONE
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Nonlinear dynamic analysis of the pure “buckling” mechanism during blow-out trauma of the human orbit
PublicationConsidering the interplay between orbital bones and intraorbital soft tissues, commonly accepted patterns of the blow-out type of trauma within the human orbit require more thorough investigation to assess the minimal health-threatening impact value. Two different three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) models of the human orbital region were developed to simulate the pure “buckling” mechanism of orbital wall fracture in...
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Modifiers for Medical Grade Polymeric Systems used in FDM 3D Printing - Short Review
PublicationFDM 3D printing could find an application in the wide range of biomedical applications. Unfortunately, the quantity of polymeric biomaterials suitable to processing into filaments is limited. The most frequently used biomaterials for medical constructs such as bone grafts, soft tissue scaffolds or another DDS include PCL, PLA, PVA, HPC, EVA copolymer, EC and TPUs. Various modifiers such as TCP, HA, TEC, MMC could be applicated...
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3D Computer Model of the Hip Joint Cartilage
PublicationThis paper presents 3D computer model of the hip joint cartilage in the ANSYS program. Model is made on the basis of anatomy and collected data on the material constants of bone and cartilage components. Analysis and comparison of biochemical model, viscoelastic and molecular mixed - aggregation serves to facilitate the creation of the next model of reality, which could be used in the design of joint prostheses. The correctness...
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Analysis and comparision of safety of children and adult passanger in car based on crash tests results
PublicationThis paper presents analysis and comparision of safety of children and adult passanger in car based on crash tests results. The car crash test with four dummies, including two car seats allowed a direct comparison of the security under the same conditions of children and passengers directly to the car seat. Analysis of acceleration and video from the test allows to understand the phenomena during the collision, the air bags influence,...
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Soft Tissue Retraction Maneuver in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Prior to Crown-Lengthening Procedure—A Technical Note
PublicationBackground: An accurate determination of the biological width and the relationship of the cemento-enamel junction with the border of the alveolar bone is crucial during a clinical crown-lengthening (CCL) procedure. The aim of this study was to present a technical note about the retraction techniques in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) prior to CCL, highlighting the significant enhancement in procedural accuracy and predictability...
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Electrophoretic Deposition and Characterization of Chitosan/Eudragit E 100 Coatings on Titanium Substrate
PublicationCurrently, a significant problem is the production of coatings for titanium implants, which will be characterized by mechanical properties comparable to those of a human bone, high corrosion resistance, and low degradation rate in the body fluids. This paper aims to describe the properties of novel chitosan/Eudragit E 100 (chit/EE100) coatings deposited on titanium grade 2 substrate by the electrophoretic technique (EPD). The deposition...
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The influence of a change in the meniscus cross-sectional shape on the medio-lateral translation of the knee joint and meniscal extrusion
PublicationObjective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a change in the meniscus cross sectional shape on its position and on the biomechanics of a knee joint. Methods One main finite element model of a left knee joint was created on the basis of MRI images. The model consisted of bones, articular cartilages, menisci and ligaments. Eight variants of this model with an increased or decreased meniscus height were then...
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ESTIMATION OF YOUNG`S MODULUS OF THE POROUS TITANIUM ALLOY WITH THE USE OF FEM PACKAGE
PublicationPorous structures made of metal or biopolymers with a structure similar in shape and mechanical properties to human bone can easily be produced by stereolithographic techniques, e.g. selective laser melting (SLM). Numerical methods, like Finite Element Method (FEM) have great potential in testing new scaffold designs, according to their mechanical properties before manufacturing, i.e. strength or stiffness. An example of such designs...
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Modeling of light propagation in canine gingiva
PublicationThis study is a preliminary evaluation of the effectivenes of laser-based surgery of maxillary and mandibular bone in dogs. Current methods of gingivial surgery in dogs require the use of general anaesthesia.1, 2 The proposed methods of laser surgery can be performed on conscious dogs, which substantially reduces the associated risks. Two choices of lasers, Nd:YAG and a 930 nm semiconductor lasers were evaluated. The former is...
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Cellulose Nanomaterials in Biomedical, Food, and Nutraceutical Applications: A Review
PublicationNanotechnology with bionanomaterials have tremendous potential to enhance and utilize for nutrient and bioactive absorption, drug delivery systems, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical field through various applications. Cellulose nanomaterials are green materials that are obtained from renewable sources and possess exceptional mechanical strength and biocompatibility. The associated unique physical and chemical properties have made...
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Osteoblast and bacterial cell response on RGD peptide‐functionalized chitosan coatings electrophoretically deposited from different suspensions on Ti13Nb13Zr alloy
PublicationMetallic materials for long-term load-bearing implants still do not provide high antimicrobial activity while maintaining strong compatibility with bone cells. This study aimed to modify the surface of Ti13Nb13Zr alloy by electrophoretic deposition of a chitosan coating with a covalently attached Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) peptide. The suspensions for coating deposition were prepared in two different ways either using hydroxyacetic acid...
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IN VIVO DEGRADATION OF BIOMATERIALS
PublicationThe material designed to be introduced into the human tissue should be biocompatible and biofunctional. Unless it is so, the body may respond to the implant in different ways. An inflammation reaction may appear such as: parting of items of the implant surface resulting from fraction or pressure. The condition of the surface has an important influence on the usefulness of the implant. The required values depend on the implant function...
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Analysis and Comparison of Safety of Children and Adult Passenger in Car Based on Crash Tests Results
PublicationMost important features of the child seat were presented. There was made analysis of selected dynamic loads acting on mannequins heads during a collision. Comparison of loads acting on the kid in a child seat and the other passengers in a car is presented. In analysis of the results particular attention has been paid on the children's secure in a car. The phenomena of collision child's occipital bone with seat backrest was described....
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Destruction of shell structures under the dynamic load on the human skull trauma basis
PublicationThe main aim of this work is to investigate patterns of potential orbital bone fractures due to mechanical injuries. The solution of the main problem is followed by analysis of several testing examples having straight correlation with civil engineering structures, in which materials of wide range of stiffness are applied. To solve the main problem, the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) model of the orbital region has...
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Coatings in arthroplasty [online]
PublicationThe modern coatings used in arthroplasty for long term implants are reviewed. The phosphate coatingsare the most popular technique to improve the bone-implant interfacial strength and promote theosseointegration. The plasma spraying, electrophoretic precipitation, powder metallurgy, ion beamsputtering, high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) combustion spraying, sol-gel technique, biomimeticdeposition are mostly used to obtain the phosphate,...
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On the necessity of experimental verification of numerical results in biomedical applications
PublicationPorous structures made of metal or biopolymers with a structure similar in shape and mechanical properties to human bone can be easily produced by stereolitography techniques, e.g. selective laser melting (SLM). Numerical techniques, like finite element method (FEM) have great potential in testing new, even the most sophisticated designs, according to their mechanical properties, i.e. strength or stiffness. However, due to different...
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Genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of the regenerative MRL/MpJ mouse and two normal strains
PublicationAims We aimed to identify the pivotal differences in the DNA methylation profiles between the regeneration capable MRL/MpJ mouse and reference mouse strains. Materials and Methods Global DNA methylation profiling was performed in ear pinnae, bone marrow, spleen, liver, heart from uninjured adult females of the MRL/MpJ and C57BL/6J and BALB/c. Results and conclusion A number of differentially methylated regions distinguishing between...
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Bioactive core material for porous load-bearing implants
PublicationSo far state of knowledge on biodegradable materials is reviewed. Among a variety of investigated materials, those composed of polymers and ceramics may be considered as only candidates for a core material in porous titanium alloy. The collagen and chitosan among natural polymers, polyhydroxy acids among synthetic polymers, and hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate among ceramics are proposed for further research. Three essential...
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Recent advances in electrochemically surface treated titanium and its alloys for biomedical applications: A review of anodic and plasma electrolytic oxidation methods
PublicationNowadays, titanium and its alloys are widely used materials in implantology. Nevertheless, the greatest challenge is still its appropriate surface treatment in order to induce optimal properties, which facilitates formation of a permanent bond between the implant and human tissue. The use of electrochemical treatment such as anodic oxidation or plasma electrolytic oxidation allows for the production of porous coating that mimics...
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Effect of Laser Treatment on Intrinsic Mechanical Stresses in Titanium and Some of Its Alloys
PublicationLaser surface treatment conducted at different power levels is an option to modify titanium bone implants to produce nano- and microtopography. However, such processing can lead to excess mechanical stress within the surface layer. This research aims to calculate the level of such residual stresses after the surface processing of Ti grade IV, Ti15Mo, and Ti6Al7Nb alloys with an Nd:YAG laser. Light and scanning electron microscopies...
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EXAMINATION OF SOL-GEL DERIVED HYDROXYAPATITE ENHANCED WITH SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING OCT AND RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
PublicationHydroxyapatite (HAp) has been attracting widespread interest in medical applications. In a form of coating, it enables to create a durable bond between an implant and surrounding bone tissues. With addition of silver nanoparticles HAp should also provide antibacterial activity. The aim of this research was to evaluate the composition of hydroxyapatite with silver nanoparticles in a non-destructive and non-contact way. For control measurements...
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Introduction to the RSC Advances themed collection on nano and microscale modifications of biomaterials
PublicationThe dramatically increasing development of novel biomaterials, their manufacturing techniques, and surface modications, as well as their application in in vivo tests and clinical trials, is evident. It is interesting to note in what a relatively short time the well-known long-term implants have become medical standard: titanium dental implants started in 1965, and total hip arthroplasty (not very successful) was rst attempted...
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Influence of silver nanoparticles addition on antibacterial properties of PEO coatings formed on magnesium
PublicationMagnesium is a biodegradable material and thus could be a choice for bone fixation devices and implants with a specific purpose. This study aims to enhance the anti-corrosive, biocompatible, and antibacterial properties on magnesium-based materials through ceramic coatings formation. To achieve this the silicate-based electrolyte was used to create of Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation (PEO) coatings. During investigation the bioactive...
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The problem of infections associated with implants – an overview
PublicationImplant-associated infections are serious and relatively common complication that leads to implant loss. The purpose of this paper is to gather knowledge about this issue. A literature review of the epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis of infections related to implants was carried out. This position collects data on commonly used implants and infections associated with them from various fields of medicine and contains classifications...
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Biocompatibility and bioactivity of load-bearing metallic implants
PublicationThe main objective of here presented research is to develop the titanium (Ti) alloy base composite materials possessing better biocompatibility, longer lifetime and bioactivity behaviour for load-bearing implants, e.g. hip joint and knee joint endoprosthesis. The development of such materials is performed through: modeling the material behaviour in biological environment in long time and developing of new procedures for such evaluation;...
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Materials Design for the Titanium Scaffold Based Implant
PublicationThe main objective of here presented research is a design the scaffold/porous titanium(Ti) alloy based composite material demonstrating better biocompatibility, longer lifetime andbioactivity behaviour for load-bearing implants. The development of such material is proposed bymaking a number of consecutive tasks. Modelling the mechanical, biomechanical and biologicalbehavior of porous titanium structure and an elaboration of results...
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Materials Design for the Titanium Scaffold Based Implant
PublicationThe main objective of here presented research is a design the scaffold/porous titanium(Ti) alloy based composite material demonstrating better biocompatibility, longer lifetime andbioactivity behaviour for load-bearing implants. The development of such material is proposed bymaking a number of consecutive tasks. Modelling the mechanical, biomechanical and biologicalbehavior of porous titanium structure and an elaboration of results...
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Biopolymer-based composites for tissue engineering applications: A basis for future opportunities
PublicationBiomimetic scaffolds supporting tissue regeneration are complex materials with multifunctional characteristics. The unique biocompatibility and biodegradability of biopolymers make them excellent candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Biopolymers, which have a wide range of properties, can be obtained from different natural sources. Depending on the target tissue, biopolymers can be engineered to meet a series...
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Green Polymer Nanocomposites for Skin Tissue Engineering
PublicationFabrication of an appropriate skin scaffold needs to meet several standards related to the mechanical and biological properties. Fully natural/green scaffolds with acceptable biodegradability, biocompatibility, and physiological properties quite often suffer from poor mechanical properties. Therefore, for appropriate skin tissue engineering and to mimic the real functions, we need to use synthetic polymers and/or additives as complements...
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Wpływ wysokiej osteotomii piszczelowej na mechanikę stawu kolanowego
PublicationW rozprawie podjęto próbę weryfikacji wpływu zabiegu chirurgicznego wysokiej osteotomii piszczelowej na mechanikę stawu kolanowego. Po wykonanym przeglądzie literatury, postawiono trzy hipotezy, które poddano weryfikacji na drodze badań numerycznych. Otrzymane wyniki zwalidowano poprzez badania nacisków powierzchniowych występujących w stawach kolanowych świni domowej, prowadzonych na maszynie do jednoosiowego ściskania. Praca...
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Wytrzymałość pętli wplatanych na linach podwójnie plecionych
PublicationCechą wyróżniającą statki żaglowe z grona innych obiektów pływających są żagle. To cecha widoczna, za którą kryją się mniej romantyczne elementy, takie jak maszty, liny i osprzęt. Rozpostarcie białych płócien na maszcie i następnie żeglowanie wymaga sprawnego operowania nimi, co wiąże się z doborem odpowiedniego ich zestawu, ułożenia i napięcia. To maszty są kręgosłupem takielunku, a liny jego mięśniami i ścięgnami. Do poprawnego...
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The Effect of Marginal Zn2+ Excess Released from Titanium Coating on Differentiation of Human Osteoblastic Cells
PublicationComposite coatings based on chitosan and zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) were successfully produced on Ti13Zr13Nb substrates by cathodic electrophoretic deposition (EPD). The unfavorable phenomenon of water electrolysis-induced nonuniformity was reduced by applying a low voltage (20 V) and a short deposition time (1 min). Surface analysis (roughness and hydrophilicity) reveals the potential of these coatings for enhancing cell attachment...
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Automated hearing loss type classification based on pure tone audiometry data
PublicationHearing problems are commonly diagnosed with the use of tonal audiometry, which measures a patient’s hearing threshold in both air and bone conduction at various frequencies. Results of audiometry tests, usually represented graphically in the form of an audiogram, need to be interpreted by a professional audiologist in order to determine the exact type of hearing loss and administer proper treatment. However, the small number of...
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From tryptophan to novel mitochondria-disruptive agent, synthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,3,6-tetrasubstituted carbazoles
PublicationMitochondrial targeting plays an important role in anticancer therapy. The Mn(III)-promoted cyclization of 5- (1H-indol-3-yl)-3-oxopentanoic acid allow to obtain novel substituted carbazole derivatives that can act as mitochondria-disruptive agents. The starting materials used for the synthesis of these new aminocarbazoles are oxopentanoate derivatives of tryptophan. The scope and limitation of this method of synthesis are determined...
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Effect of Nanohydroxyapatite on Silk Fibroin–Chitosan Interactions—Molecular Dynamics Study
PublicationFibroin–chitosan composites, especially those containing nanohydroxyapatite, show potential for bone tissue regeneration. The physicochemical properties of these biocomposites depend on the compatibility between their components. In this study, the intermolecular interactions of fibroin and chitosan were analyzed using a molecular dynamics approach. Two types of systems were investigated: one containing acetic acid and the other...
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Powłoki na osnowie pierwiastkowego węgla przeznaczone na implanty tytanowe
PublicationRozprawa miała na celu modyfikację podłoża z tytanu II oraz stopu Ti13Nb13Zr poprzez osadzenie elektroforetyczne (EPD) powłok na bazie wielościennych nanorurek węglowych (MWCNTs) z dodatkami wielkości nanometrycznej, przeznaczonych na pokrycia trzpieni endoprotez stawu biodrowego. Przygotowano trzy rodzaje powłok MWCNTs: z dodatkiem nanomiedzi (MWCNTs/Cu), nanosrebra (MWCNTs/Ag) oraz tlenku tytanu (MWCNTs/TiO2), osadzone w procesie...
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Injectable biocomposite cement: A dual-setting formula with magnesium potassium phosphate and κ-carrageenan hydrogel for orthopedic advancements
PublicationMagnesium phosphate-based cements are highly regarded for their bioactive properties, making them excellent candidates as bone substitutes. Despite their promising attributes, challenges such as high reaction temperature, limited injectability, and brittleness limit their application. This study introduces a dual-setting biocomposite cement, which encompasses both cement hydration and hydrogel's cross-linking. The composition features...
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Detecting type of hearing loss with different AI classification methods: a performance review
PublicationHearing is one of the most crucial senses for all humans. It allows people to hear and connect with the environment, the people they can meet and the knowledge they need to live their lives to the fullest. Hearing loss can have a detrimental impact on a person's quality of life in a variety of ways, ranging from fewer educational and job opportunities due to impaired communication to social withdrawal in severe situations. Early...
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PARAMETERS OF THE ELECTROPHORETIC DEPOSITION PROCESS AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE MORPHOLOGY OF HYDROXYAPATITE COATINGS. REVIEW
PublicationMetallic materials intended for bone implants should exhibit not only appropriate mechanical properties, but also high biocompatibility. The surface treatment modifications, for example acidic treatment, laser treatment, ion implantation and deposition of highly biocompatible coatings, are practiced. One of the most popular methods of surface modification is to deposit hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings. HAp naturally occurs in human...
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Preparation, characterization, and manufacturing of new polymeric materials for 3D printing for medical applications
PublicationThis work concerns the synthesis, formation, and characteristics of new filaments for 3D printing in FDM™/FFF technology for medical purposes. Two types of filaments were developed, i.e. degradable polyurethane and biodegradable polylactide-starch. The influence of the 3D printing process on selected filament properties was investigated. A detailed analysis of the filament formation process by the extrusion method was carried out,...
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Influence of Ultrasound on the Characteristics of CaP Coatings Generated Via the Micro-arc Oxidation Process in Relation to Biomedical Engineering
PublicationOver the past decade, bone tissue engineering has been at the core of attention because of an increasing number of implant surgeries. The purpose of this study was to obtain coatings on titanium (Ti) implants with improved properties in terms of biomedical applications and to investigate the effect of ultrasound (US) on these properties during the micro-arc oxidation (MAO) process. The influence of various process parameters, such...
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Comprehensive Evaluation of the Biological Properties of Surface-Modified Titanium Alloy Implants
PublicationAn increasing interest in the fabrication of implants made of titanium and its alloys results from their capacity to be integrated into the bone system. This integration is facilitated by different modifications of the implant surface. Here, we assessed the bioactivity of amorphous titania nanoporous and nanotubular coatings (TNTs), produced by electrochemical oxidation of Ti6Al4V orthopedic implants’ surface. The chemical composition...
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The early failure of the gamma nail and the dynamic hip screw in femurs with a wide medullary canal. A biomechanical study of intertrochanteric fractures
PublicationBackground: Intertrochanteric fractures may occur in a bone with a wide medullary canal that may lead to significant mobility of a intramedullary nail, contrary to an extramedullary device. This study evaluates the Dynamic Hip Screw and the gamma nail in AO 31.A2.1 fractures in these circumstances. Methods: Synthetic femora with canals drilled to 18 mm were used. Five fixation types were examined: a 2 - hole and a 4 – hole Dynamic...
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Transcriptome profiling reveals distinctive traits of retinol metabolism and neonatal parallels in the MRL/MpJ mouse
PublicationBackground: The MRL/MpJ mouse is a laboratory inbred strain known for regenerative abilities which are manifested by scarless closure of ear pinna punch holes. Enhanced healing responses have been reported in other organs. A remarkable feature of the strain is that the adult MRL/MpJ mouse retains several embryonic biochemical characteristics, including increased expression of stem cell markers. Results: We explored the transcriptome...
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Higher platelet counts correlate to tumour progression and can be induced by intratumoural stroma in non-metastatic breast carcinomas
PublicationBackground Platelets support tumour progression. However, their prognostic significance and relation to circulating tumour cells (CTCs) in operable breast cancer (BrCa) are still scarcely known and, thus, merit further investigation. Methods Preoperative platelet counts (PCs) were compared with clinical data, CTCs, 65 serum cytokines and 770 immune-related transcripts obtained using the NanoString technology. Results High normal...
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Isolation of the relative decrease in magnetic permeability contribution to reluctance of an open magnetic circuit based on stray field measurements
PublicationThe goal of the study was to evaluate a relative decrease in magnetic permeability in open magnetic circuits based on stray magnetic field measurements. The boundary element method was used to simulate magnetic circuits with variable geometry and variable magnetic permeability. The simulated magnetic circuits were rectangular or bone-shaped flat samples. Reluctance was increased in the middle of the samples resulting in leakage...
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Sustainable polymers targeted at the surgical and otolaryngological applications: Circularity and future
PublicationThe ongoing climate changes, high air and noise pollution have significant impact on humans’ health. This influence is especially visible in otolaryngology, which focuses on respiratory and hearing systems disfunctions. However, even though surgeries are done in response to diseases related to climate changes, they also have a negative impact on the environment, mostly connected with the inherence of single-use fossil fuel derived...
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Structural investigations of niobium-doped bioactive calcium-phosphate glass-ceramics by means of spectroscopic studies
PublicationSynthetic calcium-phosphate based glasses and glass-ceramics play a crucial role in the development of tissue engineering. These materials have a high biocompatibility with biological analogues, excellent ability to undergo varying degrees of resorbability and due to their non-toxicity and relatively high bioactivity they are commonly used as bone and dental implants. A substantial research effort is devoted to improve synthetic...
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Polysaccharide-based Nanocomposites for Biomedical Applications: A Critical Review
PublicationPolysaccharides (PSA) are taking specific position among biomaterials for advanced applications in medicine. Nevertheless, poor mechanical properties is known as the main drawback of PSA, which highlights need for PSA modification. Nanocomposites PSA (NPSA) are a class of biomaterials widely used as biomedical platforms, but despite their importance and worldwide use have not been reviewed. Herein we critically reviewed application...
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Development of an AI-based audiogram classification method for patient referral
PublicationHearing loss is one of the most significant sensory disabilities. It can have various negative effects on a person's quality of life, ranging from impeded school and academic performance to total social isolation in severe cases. It is therefore vital that early symptoms of hearing loss are diagnosed quickly and accurately. Audiology tests are commonly performed with the use of tonal audiometry, which measures a patient's hearing...