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Search results for: COMPRESION IGNITION ENGINE EMISION REDUCTION ALTERNATIVE FUELS ECU CALIBRATION DUAL FUEL MODE
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Application of road map of operating condition for estimation of fuel and electric energy consumption from city transport
PublicationThe paper presents procedure of data collecting and generation of road map of operating condition in the selected urban area. This map allows forecasting the selected vehicle operating parameters for the assumed road. The main parameters calculated using the road maps of operating conditions are: total energy spent to drive the selected vehicle, consumed fuel, travel time, average speed of travel, CO2 emissions. Presented example...
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Tyre/road noise reduction by a poroelastic road surface
PublicationLow noise road surfaces of existing types may in favourable cases and in new conditions provide up to 7 dB of noise reduction. For higher noise reductions, innovative solutions must be sought. Poroelastic road surfaces (PERS) may be such a solution, which currently is studied in the EU project PERSUADE. This paper presents results of trials with a PERS version prefabricated by one of the project partners. Tests were made in a laboratory...
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Dual-wavelength polarimeter application in investigations of the optical activity of a langasite crystal
PublicationA method of high accuracy polarimetry, which includes optical activity measurements systematic errors, was realized with dual-wavelength polarimeter for two wavelengths of 635 and 650 nm. Simultaneous measurements with neighboring wavelengths significantly improved the data processing, by increasing the amount of data to eliminate the systematic errors. For langasite crystal La3Ga5SiO14 we measured temperature dependence of the...
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The Principles of Alternative Investments Management
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Alternative Investments in Wealth Management
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Alternative and New Protein Sources
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Pyrolysis as an alternative for combustion of waste
PublicationProces pirolizy polega na rozkładzie materii organicznej w podwyższonej temperaturze w warunkach beztlenowych, dlatego może być on stosowany jako alternatywa lub uzupełnienie dla procesu spalania. Piroliza pozwala na uzyskanie substancji chemicznych z polimerów naturalnych i syntetycznych. W umiarkowanej temperaturze (300 - 500 ° C), można uzyskać wysokiej wydajności frakcji ciekłej, natomiast wysokie temperatury sprzyjają powstawaniu...
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Performance and Stability in H2S of SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ as Electrode in Proton Ceramic Fuel Cells
PublicationThe H2S-tolerance of SrFe0.75Mo0.25O3-δ (SFM) electrodes has been investigated in symmetric proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFC) with BaZr0.8Ce0.1Y0.1O3-δ (BZCY81) electrolyte. The ionic conductivity of the electrolyte under wet reducing conditions was found to be insignificantly affected in the presence of up to 5000 ppm H2S. The fuel cell exhibited an OCV of about 0.9 V at 700 °C, which dropped to about 0.6 V and 0.4 V upon exposure...
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Modal Reduction and Analysis of Gyroscopic Systems
PublicationThe paper introduces the method of the modal reduction of systems that experience the Coriolis acceleration or gyroscopic effect component. In such cases corresponding system equations are non-self-adjoined. To solve the problem modal reduced model is built up for the system without Coriolis acceleration or gyroscopic effect terms. These phenomena are included by application of any lumping technique. Hence, the final reduced model...
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The Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Marine Diesel Engine with Extreme Throttled of Air or Exhaust Ducts
PublicationPresented paper shows the results of the laboratory tests on the relationship between the extreme throttling of both air intake duct and exhaust gas duct and gaseous emission from the marine engine. The object of research is a laboratory, 4-stroke, DI diesel engine, operated at loads from 50 kW to 250 kW at a constant speed equal to 750 rpm. During the laboratory tests the thermodynamic and exhaust gas emission characteristics...
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Chapter 4. Electricity generation from glucose microbial fuel cell
PublicationThe microbial fuel cell was constructed to generate electricity with simultaneous digestion of a glucose fuel by a bacterial biofilm. The decomposition of glucose resulted in releasing of electrons to an anode and to production of some by-products, e.g. metane or organic acids. It was found that maximum electric power density strongly depended on the proton transport through the proton exchange membrane seperating the anolyte and...
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Adhesive compliance effect in mode I separation:Profilometry approach
PublicationThe effect of adhesive compliance on the deflection of a loaded, bonded beam was studied using laser profilometry. Experimental data obtained were compared with both Euler-Bernoulli (encastré) and Winkler (one parameter elastic foundation) models. A third, analytical, 2D model, based on shear within the adhesive layer (two parameter elastic foundation), was introduced. Finite element analysis (FEA) was also used to study the effect...
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Failure analysis of the exhaust valve face in diesel marine engine
PublicationThe exhaust valve from marine diesel engine which was damaged after 2000 hours of service was investigated. In order to prolong the service time the valve face was cladded with cobalt base alloy using laser technique. After failure microstructural and chemical analyses reviled that cladding process was conducted improperly. The chemical composition of the clad layer was far from the designed one and what more completely inhomogeneous....
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Modern Arrangement for Reduction of Voltage Perturbations
PublicationThe contents of this chapter encompass general problems and the most important issues of power-supply-quality improvement in AC systems. In the context of the above, consideration is given to evaluation of bilateral interactions of receivers with an electrical power-distribution system and methods of their reduction. Also are discussed the basis of operation of the most important compensation-filtration devices and their applications...
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Effective mode volume of a natural mode of an open dielectric resonator with an active region
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Practical Approach to IP Scheduled Throughput Measurements in Dual Connectivity Systems
PublicationIP scheduled throughput defined according to 3GPP TS 36.314 reflects user throughput regardless of traffic characteristics, and therefore has become one of the most important indicators for monitoring Quality of Service (QoS) of the end user in Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN). However, networks built on a distributed architecture make the above definition impossible to be applied directly due to the...
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Model Predictive Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control for An Autonomous Surface Vehicle
PublicationThis paper presents a new robust Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for trajectory tracking of an Autonomous Surface Vehicle (ASV) in presence of the time-varying external disturbances including winds, waves and ocean currents as well as dynamical uncertainties. For fulfilling the robustness property, a sliding mode control-based procedure for designing of MPC and a super-twisting term are adopted. The MPC algorithm has been...
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On EM-driven size reduction of antenna structures with explicit constraint handling
PublicationSimulation-driven miniaturization of antenna components is a challenging task mainly due to the presence of expensive constraints, evaluation of which involves full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis. The recommended approach is implicit constraint handling using penalty functions, which, however, requires a meticulous selection of penalty coefficients, instrumental in ensuring optimization process reliability. This paper proposes...
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Investigation of catalytic layers on anode for solid oxide fuel cells operating with synthetic biogas
PublicationIn this paper solid oxide fuel cells operating with dry synthetic biogas have been examined. In order to increase their stability the layers of CuO-CeO2, Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 and Y0.08Sr0.92Ti0.8Fe0.2O3 -δ have been deposited on the Ni-YSZ anode site. These layers should catalyze the internal biogas reforming and prevent the carbon deposition on the anode site. It has been found that CuO-CeO2 and Cu1.3Mn1.7O4 catalysts led to an increase...
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General concept of reduction process for big data obtained by interferometric methods
PublicationInterferometric sonar systems apply the phase content of the sonar signal to measure the angle of a wave front returned from the seafloor or from a target. It collect a big data – datasets that are so large or complex that traditional data processing application software is inadequate to deal with them. The recording a large number of data is associated with the difficulty of their efficient use. So data have to be reduced. The main...
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A robust sliding mode observer for non-linear uncertain biochemical systems
PublicationA problem of state estimation for a certain class of non-linear uncertain systems has been addressed in this paper. In particular, a sliding mode observer has been derived to produce robust and stable estimates of the state variables. The stability and robustness of the proposed sliding mode observer have been investigated under parametric and unstructured uncertainty in the system dynamics. In order to ensure an unambiguous non-linear...
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Amphotericin B and Its New Derivatives - Mode of Action
PublicationAmphotericin B (AmB) is a well known antifungal and antiprotozoal antibiotic used in the clinic for several decades. Clinicalapplications of AmB, however, are limited by its nephrotoxicity and many other acute side effects which are not acceptable by patientswhen their life is not threaten. In order to improve the therapeutic index of this drug, lipid formulations have been introduced and manyefforts have been made to obtain less...
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Direct reduction of pellets through hydrogen: Experimental and model behaviour
PublicationThis paper presents the hydrogen reduction behaviour of industrial pellets designed for the efficient hydrogen based direct reduction. The pellets were provided with very low non ferrous oxides percentage (0.52 of basicity index) and with the absence on TiO2 oxides. The pellets measured diameters in the range 1.14–1.72 cm and were characterized in terms of porosity, pores size, tortuosity and compression strength. The pellets were...
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Activity-based payments: alternative (anonymous) online payment model
PublicationElectronic payments are the cornerstone of web-based commerce. A steady decrease in cash usage has been observed, while various digital payment technologies are taking over. They process sensitive personal information raising concerns about its potentially illicit usage. Several payment models that confront this challenge have been proposed. They offer varying levels of anonymity and readiness for adoption. The aim of this study...
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Environmental Performance of Diesel Fuels Containing Oxygenated Additive Packages
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A Method of Fast and Simultaneous Calibration of Many Mobile FMCW Radars Operating in a Network Anti-Drone System
PublicationA market for small drones is developing very fast. They are used for leisure activities and exploited in commercial applications. However, there is a growing concern for accidental or even criminal misuses of these platforms. Dangerous incidents with drones are appearing more often, and have caused many institutions to start thinking about anti-drone solutions. There are many cases when building stationary systems seems to be aimless...
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A unified approach to the analysis of electric energy and fuel consumption of cars in city traffic
PublicationForecasting fuel and electricity consumption is an important factor determining the direction of changes in road engineering solutions, traffic management, selection of routes for public transport and development more efficient car drive systems. With a reliable and easy-to-use computational tool, it is possible to reduce the consumption of primary energy sources and reduce the emission of toxic compounds in cities. An analysis...
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Optimization of Graphene Oxide Synthesis and Its Reduction
PublicationIn this article, we present the review of the chemical methods of synthesis of graphene oxide and its reduction in order to obtain the so-called reduced graphene oxide (rGO) whose properties are similar to those of pure graphene. We also present our experiments and the results in this field and the comparison of the efficiency of different methods of synthesis as well as the reduction of graphene oxide. To characterize the obtained...
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High Isolation Metamaterial-based Dual-band MIMO Antenna for 5G Millimeter-wave Applications
PublicationThis article presents a high-isolation metamaterial-based dual-band multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for 5G millimeter-wave communication networks. The proposed antenna is a pentagon-shaped monopole that provides a dual-band response with a wide operating bandwidth at 5G 28/28 bands. The antenna is printed on 0.508-mm-thick Rogers RT5880 substrate of relative permittivity ɛr =2.2. It exhibits a small physical size...
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Particulate Emissions from European Vehicles Featuring Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines Tested Under Laboratory Conditions
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On Rapid Design Optimization and Calibration of Microwave Sensors Based on Equivalent Complementary Resonators for High Sensitivity and Low Fabrication Tolerance
PublicationThis paper presents the design, optimization, and calibration of multivariable resonators for mi-crowave dielectric sensors. An optimization technique for circular complementary split ring reso-nator (CC-SRR) and square complementary split ring resonator (SC-SRR) is presented to achieve the required transmission response in a precise manner. The optimized resonators are manufac-tured using a standard photolithographic technique...
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Statistical Data Pre-Processing and Time Series Incorporation for High-Efficacy Calibration of Low-Cost NO2 Sensor Using Machine Learning
PublicationAir pollution stands as a significant modern-day challenge impacting life quality, the environment, and the economy. It comprises various pollutants like gases, particulate matter, biological molecules, and more, stemming from sources such as vehicle emissions, industrial operations, agriculture, and natural events. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), among these harmful gases, is notably prevalent in densely populated urban regions. Given...
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Variable-fidelity shape optimization of dual-rotor wind turbines
PublicationPurpose Dual-rotor wind turbines (DRWTs) are a novel type of wind turbines that can capture more power than their single-rotor counterparts. Because their surrounding flow fields are complex, evaluating a DRWT design requires accurate predictive simulations, which incur high computational costs. Currently, there does not exist a design optimization framework for DRWTs. Since the design optimization of DRWTs requires numerous model...
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A new approach in the calibration of passive samplersA new approach on the calibration of passive dosimeters for studies of indoor air (....--------ROZBIEŻNOŚĆ TYTUŁÓW-------------------------------------
PublicationPrzedstawiono problematykę kalibracji próbników pasywnych wykorzystywanych w Katedrze Chemii Analitycznej Wydz. Chemicznego PG do monitoringu jakości powietrza wewnętrznego. Proponowane podejście pozwala na oszacowanie wartości stałych kalibracyjnych, a tym samym oznaczenia stężeń związków od heksanu do dodekanu. Tak więc permeacyjne dozymetry pasywne mogą być wykorzystane w analogicznym zakresie jak próbniki aktywne.
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Hydrogen direct reduction and reoxidation behaviour of high-grade pellets
PublicationHigh grade pellets with basicity index close to 0.5 were directly reduced in pure hydrogen atmosphere. The reduction experiments were performed in the temperature range 800 e1000 C at the pressure of 8 bar. The pellets internal structure was analysed through micro tomography observations in the unreduced and reduced conditions. After reduction, the pellets showed a variation of porosity up to more than 15% with a remarkable change...
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New Alternative Passive Networks to Improve the Range Output Voltage Regulation of the PWM Inverters
PublicationThis paper presents different topologies of buck-boost converters with passive input networks that have alternative topologies; this is known in the literature as a Z-source inverter. Alternative passive networks were named by the authors as T-inverters; these improve output voltage regulation of the PWM inverters. T-inverter has fewer reactive components in comparison to conventional Z-source inverter. The most significant advantage...
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Applying artificial neural networks for modelling ship speed and fuel consumption
PublicationThis paper deals with modelling ship speed and fuel consumption using artificial neural network (ANN) techniques. These tools allowed us to develop ANN models that can be used for predicting both the fuel consumption and the travel time to the destination for commanded outputs (the ship driveline shaft speed and the propeller pitch) selected by the ship operator. In these cases, due to variable environmental conditions, making...
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A study of the kinetics of bismuth telluride synthesis by an oxide reduction method
PublicationThe kinetics of a reduction of bismuth and tellurium oxides in a hydrogen atmosphere, leading to the formation of thermoelectric bismuth telluride is investigated. The evaluation of the reaction kinetics was based on a thermogravimetric analysis performed in non-isothermal conditions. A non-parametric analysis method and the Friedman method were used for the evaluation of the data. Additionally, for a better understanding of the...
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Monitoring of n-butanol vapors biofiltration process using an electronic nose combined with calibration models
PublicationMalodours, by definition, are generally unpleasant, nuisance smells that are a mixture of volatile chemical compounds which can be perceptible even at low concentrations. Due to the more frequent occurrence of odour nuisance associated with the odour sensations, and thus the need to remove them from the air, deodorization techniques are commonly used. Biofiltration is one of the methods of reducing odorants in the air stream. In...
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Calibration of precipitation estimation algorithm with particular emphasis on the Pomeranian region using high performance computing
PublicationFast and accurate precipitation estimation is an important element of remote atmosphere monitoring, as it allows, for example, to correct short-term weather forecasts and the prediction of several types of meteorological threats. The paper presents methodology for calibrating precipitation estimation algorithm based on MSG SEVIRI sensor data, and Optimal Cloud Analysis product available via EumetCast transmission. Calibration is...
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Cost-Efficient Measurement Platform and Machine-Learning-Based Sensor Calibration for Precise NO2 Pollution Monitoring
PublicationAir quality significantly impacts human health, the environment, and the economy. Precise real-time monitoring of air pollution is crucial for managing associated risks and developing appropriate short- and long-term measures. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) stands as a common pollutant, with elevated levels posing risks to the human respiratory tract, exacerbating respiratory infections and asthma, and potentially leading to chronic lung...
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CeCu2O4 as a functional layer on solid oxide fuel cells for synthetic biogas reforming
PublicationSolid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are one of the most promising electrochemical devices, which can convert chemical energy to the electrical energy these days. Their ability to work with different kind of fuel makes them noteworthy. SOFC can work with biogas. The problem arises when solid carbon starts to be deposited in anode. That leads to degradation of fuel cell. Simple solution is to apply catalytic functional layer, which is...
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Marine Fuel Sulphur Limit Impact on Air Pollution
PublicationThe article presents calculation of Sulphur oxides percentage drop rate in marine industry recorded after 01.01.2020 when new limits, provided by International Maritime Organizations legislation, became effective. Ships’ SOx global emission was estimated and compared between 4th quarter 2019 and 1st quarter 2020. For more accurate estimation 3 seaside cities with big harbors were selected for statistical analysis. Noticeable...
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Investigation on Mode I Fracture Behavior of Hybrid Fiber-Reinforced Geopolymer Composites
PublicationRecent reports in the literature have shown that fber-reinforced geopolymer composites (FRGC) made with monofbers exhibit a signifcant enhancement in fracture energy. However, many aspects of the fracture performance of hybrid fberreinforced geopolymer composites (HFRGC) remain largely unexploited, and these are predominant for the structures. For the frst time, the mode I fracture energy of HFRGC is investigated. The mode I behavior...
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Simulation-driven size-reduction-oriented design of multi-band antennas by means of response features
PublicationThis study addresses the problem of explicit size reduction of multi-band antennas by means of simulation-driven optimisation. The principal difficulty of electromagnetic (EM)-based miniaturisation of multi-band antennas is that several resonances have to be controlled independently (both in terms of their frequency allocation and depth) while attempting to reduce physical dimensions of the structure at hand. The design method...
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Dual-Setting Bone Cement Based On Magnesium Phosphate Modified with Glycol Methacrylate Designed for Biomedical Applications
PublicationMagnesium phosphate cement (MPC) is a suitable alternative for the currently used calcium phosphates, owing to beneficial properties like favorable resorption rate, fast hardening, and higher compressive strength. However, due to insufficient mechanical properties and high brittleness, further improvement is still expected. In this paper, we reported the preparation of a novel type of dual-setting cement based on MPC with poly(2-hydroxyethyl...
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A Maximum-Likelihood Approach to Force-Field Calibration
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Kalibracja magnetometru magnetorezystancyjnego = Calibration of magnetoresistive magnetometer
PublicationObiekt o właściwościach ferromagnetycznych zaburza w bliskim otoczeniu równomierność ziemskiego pola magnetycznego. Mierząc indukcję magnetyczną można tego rodzaju obiekt wykryć i zlokalizować. W systemach magnetometrycznych wykrywających ukryte obiekty ferromagnetyczne stosowane są magnetometry transduktorowe, protonowe, pompowane optycznie oraz SQUID. Rozwój technologii półprzewodnikowej pozwala zastosować do tego rodzaju poszukiwań...
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Numerical modelling of DMT test in calibration chamber
PublicationAnaliza numeryczna badania DMT wykonanego w komorze kalibracyjnej w Katedrze Geotechniki Politechniki Gdańskiej. Badania przeprowadzono w piasku Lubiatowo średnio zagęszczonym i zagęszczonym przy składowej pionowej naprężenia 100 kPa. Modelowano proces wciskania ostrza dylatometru oraz fazę odkształcenia membrany. Analiza parametryczna uwzględnia wpływ wartości kąta tarcia wewnętrznego i dylatancji oraz modułu odkształcenia uzyskanych...
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Use of calibration chamber as a large triaxial apparatus
PublicationModelowanie wycinka kolumny żwirowej o wysokości 1 m w komorze kalibracyjnej. Badania przeprowadzono przy różnym naprężeniu bocznym w komorze. Kolumnę poddano obciążeniu pionowemu przy odkształceniu pionowym do 2%. Określono jej parametry wytrzymałościowe oraz moduły odkształcenia przy obciążeniu oraz w cyklach odciążenie-powtórne obciążenie.