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Search results for: marginal ice zone
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OPTIMAL FARM SIZE AND EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURE IN THE EU: THE CASE OF WHEAT YIELDS
PublicationThe article concentrates on the relationship between the size of a farm and its efficiency in relation to wheat production in the European Union (EU). The issue is not new, however fundamental from the point of view of the agricultural policy, as the appropriate shape of the agrarian structure affects the economic rationality in agriculture and significantly improves the productivity. We analysed data for the period between 2004...
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Numerical analysis of the carpentry joints applied in the traditional wooden structures
PublicationThe paper concerns the numerical analysis of the carpentry joints made from spruce wood. The material parameters of the wood have been calculated on the basis of nine independent material constants (an orthotropic material). The contact zone between the individual elements of the connection has been determined using Contact Tables in the MSC.Marc software. Five types of carpentry joints have been analyzed. The main aim of the research...
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Coda wave interferometry in monitoring the fracture process of concrete beams under bending test
PublicationEarly detection of damage is necessary for the safe and reliable use of civil engineering structures made of concrete. Recently, the identification of micro-cracks in concrete has become an area of growing interest, especially using wave-based techniques. In this paper, a non-destructive testing approach for the characterization of the fracture process was presented. Experimental tests were made on concrete beams subjected to mechanical...
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Multisensor System for the Protection of Critical Infrastructure of Seaport
PublicationThere are many separated infrastructural objects within a harbor area that may be considered “critical”, such as gas and oil terminals or anchored naval vessels. Those objects require special protection, including security systems capable of monitoring both surface and underwater areas, because an intrusion into the protected area may be attempted using small surface vehicles (boats, kayaks, rafts, floating devices with weapons...
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Areas of Updraft Air Motion in an Idealised Weather Research and Forecasting Model Simulation of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Response to Different Floe Size Distributions
PublicationPresented dataset is part of a numerical modelling study focusing on the analysis of the influence of sea ice floe size distribution (FSD) on the horizontal and vertical structure of convection in the atmosphere. The total area and spatial arrangement of the up-drafts indicates that the FSD affects the total moisture content and the values of area averaged turbulent fluxes in the model domain. In fact, while convective updrafts...
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Original footbridge in Mikolajki, Poland
PublicationIn summer 2016, a new footbridge in the town of Mikołajki (Poland) was built, over a stream connecting two adjacent lakes – Talty and Mikołajki. Its modern construction, based on the shape of a DN ice-boat, makes it inique in Poland, and probably in the world as well. This novel and dynamic shape became a significant landmark associated not only with Mikołajki, but also with the whole region of Mazury, as well as with sailing...
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Multisource model of ship electric field
PublicationA steel-hulled ship in sea water produces an electric field around itself. The source of this field are electrochemical processes and ship's cathodic protection. The analysis of the electric field around the ship is important by the reason of the ship's identification and counter-mine protection. The paper presents a simplified model of the ship's multisource electric field, which allows to calculate the electric field distribution...
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Does one currency mean one price? An analysis of the euro effect on price dispersion and convergence
PublicationThis paper examines price differentials in the European Union to investigate whether the European Monetary Union has lowered the degree of price dispersion in the euro zone and increased the speed of price convergence. Both euro effects are evaluated using difference-in-difference methodology. Applied to the issue of introducing a single currency, the euro effects identified are the estimated differences in price dispersion and...
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BUILDINGS AND CONSTRUCTIONS FROM BUILDING WASTE MATERIALS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NEW CIRCULAR ECONOMY TREND
PublicationMATERIALS April 18-22, 2022 / BOSTON, MA Abstract Book 3rd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING Day 5 Friday, April 22, 2022 Parallel Sessio II- (Virtual EST Zone) pp. 154 3rd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING APRIL 18-22, 2022 | BOSTON, MAAt: Boston, MAAffiliation: UNICEF at: USA BOSTONVolume: 2022
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On the use of uniaxial one-parameter damage laws for estimating fatigue life under multiaxial loading
PublicationThe goal of this paper is to evaluate the capabilities of different one-parameter fatigue laws to estimate crack initiation in notched components under multiaxial loading. Fatigue damage is accounted for through stress-based, strain-based, and energy-based approaches while the cyclic plasticity at the notch-controlled process zone is estimated using linear-elastic simulations. The results show that energy-based formulations established...
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Problems of Flaking in Strengthening Shaft Burnishing
PublicationThe article presents the results of testing the surface condition of shafts manufactured by a strengthening rolling burnishing process. The shafts with a hardness about 220 HB were burnished with a roller with different force. Researches were carried out with particular attention to the structure of the outflowing material in the tool zone during burnishing process. The article presents the results of the examinations of burnished...
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Scattering and Propagation Analysis for the Multilayered Structures Based on Field Matching Technique
PublicationA semi-analytical method is employed to the analysis of scattering and guiding problems in multilayer dielectric structures. The approach allows to investigate objects with arbitrary convex cross section and is based on the direct field matching technique involving the usage of the field projection at the boundary on a fixed set of orthogonal basis functions. For the scattering problems the scattered field in the far zone is calculated...
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Soft Tissue Retraction Maneuver in Cone Beam Computed Tomography Prior to Crown-Lengthening Procedure—A Technical Note
PublicationBackground: An accurate determination of the biological width and the relationship of the cemento-enamel junction with the border of the alveolar bone is crucial during a clinical crown-lengthening (CCL) procedure. The aim of this study was to present a technical note about the retraction techniques in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) prior to CCL, highlighting the significant enhancement in procedural accuracy and predictability...
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Changes in the Global Competitiveness Index 4.0 Methodology: The Improved Approach of Competitiveness Benchmarking
PublicationThe Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) developed by the World Economic Forum (WEF) is used as a standard for measuring a country’s competitiveness. However, in literature, the GCI has been accused of numerous methodological flaws. Consequently, in 2018, the WEF introduced significant methodological changes. This study aims to examine whether the methodological modifications in the GCI’s structure increase its ability to capture...
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Impact of Innovative Financial Products on Financial Systems: Exchange Traded Products and the Polish Financial System
PublicationExchange Traded Products (ETPs) are one of the most recent and most rapidly developing financial products. As their assets grow they have an increasing impact on financial systems in many countries, including USA, UK or Japan. Development of ETPs is linked with many opportunities and threats for the local financial systems. Their correct assessment is becoming more difficult due to the growing complexity of the available products,...
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Curved Surface Minijet Impingement Phenomena Analysed with ζ-f Turbulence Model
PublicationThe jet impingement phenomenon plays an important role among the heat transfer intensification methods. Very often its application and analyses refer to simple flat surfaces, while there is a lack of information in the literature for cases addressing curved surfaces. In the present work, the single jet impingement on the non-flat (concave and convex) surface is studied for a wide range of geometries, which originate from the mini-jet...
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Deterministic versus stochastic modelling of unsaturated flow in a sandy field soil based on dual tracer breakthrough data
PublicationThe 216 km2 Neuenhagen Millcreeck catchment can be characterized as a drought sensitive landscape in NE Germany. It is therefore a fundamental human interest to understand how water that fell as precipitation moves through the unsaturated soils and recharges groundwater. Additionally, a better knowledge of nutrient transport from soil to groundwater is important also, especially in landscapes with light sandy soils. For a better...
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Temperature Evolution, Material Flow, and Resulting Mechanical Properties as a Function of Tool Geometry during Friction Stir Welding of AA6082
PublicationThe friction stir welding process was simulated for joining AA6082 aluminum alloy with the use of the computational fluid dynamics method. Two different tool geometries were used—a tapered cylindrical pin (simple pin) and a hexagonal pin with grooves (complex pin). The analysis of the simulations performed was discussed in terms of temperature evolution during the process, total heat input, residual stresses and material flow....
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Influence of laser processing of the low alloy medium carbon structural steel on the development of the fatigue crack
PublicationThe paper contains the results of the structural analysis, hardness tests and fatigue tests conducted for the medium carbon structural steel with low content of Cr and Ni after its processing with CO2 laser beam. Pre-cracks were made in the round compact tension (RCT) specimen used for fatigue test. Next, four paths, parallel to each other, were melted on both sides of the samples using a laser beam. The paths were perpendicular...
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Advanced Supervisory Control System Implemented at Full-Scale WWTP—A Case Study of Optimization and Energy Balance Improvement
PublicationIn modern and cost-eective Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs), processes such as aeration, chemical feeds and sludge pumping are usually controlled by an operating system integrated with online sensors. The proper verification of these data-driven measurements and the control of different unit operations at the same time has a strong influence on better understanding and accurately optimizing the biochemical processes at WWTP—especially...
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Determining the Seasonal Variability of the Territorial Sea Baseline in Poland (2018–2020) Using Integrated USV/GNSS/SBES Measurements
PublicationThe Territorial Sea Baseline (TSB) allows coastal states to define the maritime boundaries, such as: contiguous zone, continental shelf, exclusive economic zone and territorial sea. Their delimitations determine what rights (jurisdiction and sovereignty) a given coastal state is entitled to. For many years, the problem of delimiting baseline was considered in two aspects: legal (lack of clear-cut regulations and different interpretations)...
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Experimental and numerical study on stability loss of innovative geometry steel girder
PublicationThis paper presents the experimental and numerical analysis of an innovative plate girder geometry with variable web thicknesses. An idea proposed in this research is to increase the stability of the girder web by increasing its thickness in the compressed zone. This solution can replace commonly used longitudinal stiffeners which are designed to prevent web local loss of stability. Moreover, such an innovative approach requires...
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P92 steel and inconel 617 alloy welds joint produced using ERNiCr-3 filler with GTAW process: Solidification mechanism, microstructure, mechanical properties and residual stresses
PublicationThe objective of the current study was to analyse the microstructure, mechanical characteristics, and residual stresses of a dissimilar welded joint (DWJ) made of P92 steel and the Inconel alloy 617 (IN617) using the gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) method. The ERNiCr-3 filler was selected to produce the conventional V groove (VG) and narrow V groove (NVG) butt joint. The filler deficient zones in the weldments, such as the filler...
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Granulometric characterization of Arctic driftwood sawdust from frame sawing process
PublicationArctic driftwood can be used as an alternative source of wood as construction timber and furniture material, especially in Iceland and Greenland. The use of Arctic driftwood can help in the fight against climate change, by developing land reforestation processes and reducing the volume harvested wood from forests and sustainability of harvesting processes. In this paper the results of an analysis of the effect of long-term residence...
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Antagonist adhesion effects due to variable substrate surface
PublicationThe effects of variability of intrinsic adhesion within a joint have been studied using a single cantilever beam (SCB) test. Fracture energy was found not to be a simple function of relative areas of 2 surface pre-treatments: a 'weak' zone decreased strength more than expected from simple, additive considerations. By severing the adhesive along the strong-weak transition, fracture energy increased.The prior antagonist effect appears...
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Dynamic state assessment of the water turbine with the power of 600 kW
PublicationThe article discusses the results of experimental studies to assess the dynamic state of the turbine set with the Kaplan turbine. The dynamic assessment was made on the basis of appropriate standards, based on the measurement results of selected parameters of vibration, which have been measured for several states of the machine load. In addition, we attempted to identify the causes of the increased vibration levels based on the...
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Fatigue resistance investigation of the IC engine MB11 bearings, working under conditions of dynamic unidirectional loadings
PublicationThe slide bearing material MB11 fatigue resistance has been investigated with the application of SMOK - test stand in which dynamic unidirectional loadings to the test bearing is generated. Slide bearing layer consists of the bronze MB11 ( Cu Pb22 Sn 3 ) sintered to the steel shell. Each of the tested bearing has been subject to the standard 20-hour test, under conditions of the full fluid lubrication. Methodology of the experiments,...
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Distinctive properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) originating from the Carpathian and Great Poland-Pomeranian of Nature and Forest Land
PublicationIn this paper values of properties of Scots pine, the fracture toughness and of shear yield stress in the shear zone are presented. Samples of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood of two provenances from Poland were tested. These properties were determined from the values of cutting power obtained experimentally on the saw frame PRW-15M. The values of fracture toughness and shear yield stress based on the Atkins model for cutting...
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Diagnostics and protection methods a residential building in connection with the reconstruction of a road located in its immediate neighborhood - case study
PublicationThe paper is a case study in the assessment of the technical condition of a residential building showing a significant degree of technical wear and tear, which was located in the impact zone of the road planned for expansion. Due to the commencement of works related to the expansion of the road, a doubt arose whether the road works carried out, in particular on the section along the residential building, would not cause further...
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Accuracy and Availability of EGNOS - Results of Observations
PublicationAccording to SBAS concept the user should receive timely the correct information about the system integrity and corrections to the pseudoranges measurements, which leads to better accuracyof coordinates. In theory the whole system is permanently monitored by RIMS stations, so it is impossible to deliver the faulty information to the user. The quality of the system is guaranteed inside the border of the system coverage however in...
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Experimental study of boiling heat transfer in the stagnation point of water microjet
PublicationIn the paper presented is a comparison of computational model with experimental data. Numerical model of liquid film with phase change in the stagnation zone due to impingement of the microjet is more widely presented in authors previous work. The radius on which theevaporation process is taking place can be determined from the energy balance on the element of the plate. That radius has also been confirmed experimentally in the...
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AUTONOMOUS PLATFORM TO PROTECT MARITIME INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES
PublicationProblems regarding the security of maritime infrastructure, especially harbours and offshore infrastructure, are currently a very hot topic. Due to these problems, there are some research projects in which the main goal is to decrease the gap and improve the methods of observation in the chosen area, for both in-air and underwater areas. The main goal of the paper is to show a new complex system for improving the security of the...
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Orbital blowout trauma occurring at the workplace – clinical, biomechanical and legal aspects
PublicationIntroduction and objective: Craniofacial injury at the workplace may lead to orbital blowout fractures. The aim of the study is the development of own numerical model of the eye orbit, assessment of the damage zones, and comparing them with clinical examinations. In addition, the current legal status of patients after injuries is presented Material and methods: In laboratory tests performed on bones collected from the upper and...
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Sounding Mechanism of a Flue Organ Pipe—A Multi-Sensor Measurement Approach
PublicationThis work presents an approach that integrates the results of measuring, analyzing, and modeling air flow phenomena driven by pressurized air in a flue organ pipe. The investigation concerns a Bourdon organ pipe. Measurements are performed in an anechoic chamber using the Cartesian robot equipped with a 3D acoustic vector sensor (AVS) that acquires both acoustic pressure and air particle velocity. Also, a high-speed camera is employed...
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Broadening the scope of measurement and analysis of vibrations of an organ pipe employing intensity probe, simulations, and highspeed camera
PublicationThis paper shows an integrated approach to measure, analyze, and model phenomena occurring in an organ pipe driven by pressurized air. The aim of this paper is two-fold, i.e., to measure the pressure signal and the intensity field around the mouth by means of an intensity probe and to visualize and observe the motion of the air jet, which represents the excitation mechanism of the system. This is realized through two techniques,...
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Glaciers as an Important Element of the World Glacier Monitoring Implemented in Svalbard
PublicationGlaciers are not only contributors to the sea level rise but also important players in the circulation of pollutants. Over a billion people apply glacial waters for domestic purposes; hence, both the quality and quantity of this water should be monitored. In this chapter, we concentrate on the archipelago Svalbard in the Arctic, a typical target area for xenobiotics from long range atmospheric transport (LRAT), holding an important share...
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Coastal Cliffs Monitoring and Prediction of Displacements Using Terrestial Laser Scanning
PublicationCoastal cliffs are very sensitive to degradation caused by erosion and abrasion. Thus, it is very important to monitor susceptibility of the cliffs in terms of slope angles and ground fall resulting from vertical morphology of the cliffs. The results could be used for example to establish the boundaries of the safe investments zone or retreat infrastructure buildings in case of real threat such as degradation of the objects of...
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Electrochemical degradation of textile dyes in a flow reactor: effect of operating conditions and dyes chemical structure
PublicationIn this study, electrochemical oxidation of five azo dyestuffs (Yellow D-5GN, Red D-B8, Ruby F-2B, Blue D-5RN, Black DN), that are widely used in the textile industry, was investigated in a flow reactor. BDD electrode with a high boron doping level (C/B = 10 000) was prepared and used. Two configurations of reactor were considered, i.e., one with the undivided cell, and the other with the cell divided by anodic and cathodic compartments....
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Knowledge management approaches of small and medium-sized firms: a cluster analysis
PublicationPurpose This paper aims to categorise the approaches to knowledge management (KM) by companies. In the literature, there is no consensus on a universal or “best” approach to KM. Especially, this paper singles out and discusses the variegated features that characterise the implementation of KM by small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) having different characteristics. Design/methodology/approach A cluster analysis was used...
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Znaczenie różnorodności w wirtualnej współpracy
PublicationRóżnorodność jest jedną z podstawowych cech zespołów wirtualnych. Odnosi się ona do geograficznego rozproszenia członków zespołu, różnic stref czasowych, w których pracują, zróżnicowania narodowogo i kulturowego, ale również do pracy dla różnych organizacji, pełnienia różnych ról zespołowych o odpowiedzialności za różne części realizowanego projektu. Artykuł dotyczy najważniejszych wymiarów różnorodności istotnych dla wirtualnej...
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Fracture prediction in flat PMMA notched specimens under tension - effectiveness of the equivalent material concept and fictitious material concept
PublicationThe fracture of notched elements under mode I loading (tension) remains an inexhaustible research topic, especially when it comes to the fracture of thermoplastic materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which experience considerable plastic strains under tension. The paper points out that traditional brittle fracture criteria such as mean stress (MS) or maximum tangential stress (MTS) criteria used to predict this phenomenon do...
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Temper bead welding of S460N steel in wet welding conditions
PublicationWet welding is the most common method of welding in water environment. It is most often used for repairing of underwater parts of offshore structures. However, the water as a welding environment causes an increase of susceptibility of steels to cold cracking. For underwater constructions high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel are widely used. In wet welding condition a HSLA steel is characterized by high susceptibility to cold cracking....
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Application of Web-GIS and Geovisual Analytics to Monitoring of Seabed Evolution in South Baltic Sea Coastal Areas
PublicationRegular surveys of coastal zone seabed deliver important information about geomorphologic processes such as silting of waterways. The recent introduction of the Sentinel series of sensors has allowed for the use of satellite sensing for shallow bathymetry morphology monitoring. In this context, this article presents a dedicated Geographic Information System for Baltic Sea shallow water depth monitoring on the basis of Sentinel-2...
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Analysis of air mass back trajectories with present and historical volcanic activity and anthropogenic compounds to infer pollution sources in the South Shetland Islands (Antarctica)
PublicationThis work analyses atmospheric transport of natural and anthropogenic pollution to the South Shetland Islands (SSI), with particular reference to the period September 2015 – August 2017. Based on data from the Global Volcanism Program database and air mass back trajectories calculated using the HySPLIT model, it was found that it is possible that in the analysed period volcanic pollution was supplied via long-range transport from...
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Effects of FSW Tool Plunge Depth on Properties of an Al-Mg-Si Alloy T-Joint: Thermomechanical Modeling and Experimental Evaluation
PublicationOne of the main challenging issues in friction stir welding (FSW) of stiffened structures is maximizing skin and flange mixing. Among the various parameters in FSW that can affect the quality of mixing between skin and flange is tool plunge depth (TPD). In this research, the effects of TPD during FSW of an Al-Mg-Si alloy T-joint are investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method can help understand TPD effects on FSW...
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MODELLING OF CONCRETE FRACTURE AT AGGREGATE LEVEL USING DEM BASED ON X-RAY mu CT IMAGES OF INTERNAL STRUCTURE
PublicationThe paper describes two-dimensional meso-scale numerical results of fracture in notched concrete beams under quasi-static three-point bending. Concrete was modelled as a random heterogeneous 4-phase material composed of aggregate particles, cement matrix, interfacial transitional zones (ITZs) and air voids. As a numerical approach, the discrete element method (DEM) was used. The concrete micro-structure in calculations was directly...
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Experimental research on water lubricated marine stern tube bearings in conditions of improper lubrication and cooling causing rapid bush wear
PublicationWater lubricated bearings are popular in sliding bearings of marine propeller shafts, turbines and pump shafts. Such popularity is partly due to their simple construction which also means a relatively affordable price. In practical experience one may also observe cases of rapid wear or even malfunctions of this bearings, some of which may be caused by insufficient flow of lubricant leading to overheating. The conducted...
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High temperature drying of beech with content of tension wood
PublicationThe presented artcle is focused on comparison of tension and normal wood of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) in a high-temperature drying process. Samples of 26 mm thickness were selected from sapwood zone with different angle of growth rings. The article evaluated properties of tension and normal wood before and after drying process. Properties which are monitored were moisture, moisture gradients, covering tests, colour changes and...
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Analysis of free‐air anomalies on the seaway of the Gulf of Gdańsk. A case study
PublicationIn this paper, we present an attempt to determine the accuracy of shipborne gravimetry for the needs of geoid determination. The shipborne gravity campaign, described in this article, is the beginning of a series of gravimetry measurements in the Polish Exclusive Economy Zone. The campaign was conducted in the area where the accuracy of geoid determination is crucial for the safety of navigation on numerous intersecting ships routes....
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Investigating the sustainability, utilisation, consumption and conservation of sea mammals – A systematic review
PublicationAlmost 80 % of the oceans, especially the Arctic and Subarctic are primarily inhabited by marine mammals. Marine species depend mostly on sea ice for food, raising their young ones and safeguarding themselves from predators. Consumption of marine mammals has always been recommended as healthy, but the truth is that it can be detrimental for human health because of sea water pollution from trash and chemicals. This systematic review...