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Search results for: XRD
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AFM, XRD and HRTEM studies of annealed FePd thin films
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FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and HT-XRD in compatibility study between naproxen and excipients
PublicationDetection of incompatibility between an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and excipients, including the selection of the most biopharmaceutical advantageous excipients is extremely important in the pre-formulation process of developing a solid dosage form technology. Therefore, having fast and reliable methods for identifying incompatibility is fundamental in pharmaceutical technology. For this purpose, combined Fourier transform...
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Polyurethane Nanocomposites Containing Reduced Graphene Oxide, FTIR, Raman, and XRD Studies
PublicationRecently, graphene and other graphene-based materials have become an essential part of composite science and technology. Their unique properties are not only restricted to graphene but also shared with derivative compounds like graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, functionalized graphene, and so forth. One of the most structurally important materials, graphene oxide (GO), is prepared by the oxidation of graphite. Though removal...
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Study of Phase Transitions Occurring in a Catalytic System of ncFe-NH3/H2 with Chemical Potential Programmed Reaction (CPPR) Method Coupled with In Situ XRD
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Superconductivity in three-layer Na0.3CoO2*1.3H2O
PublicationOdkryto nadprzewodnictwo w trójwarstwowym związku uwodnionego sodowo -kobaltowego tlenku Na0.3CoO2 * 1.3H2O. Opisany został sposób syntezy, badania strukturalne (XRD i TGA) a także badania podatności magnetycznej.
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NMR dispersion studies of poly(ethylene oxide)/sodium montmorillonitenanocomposites
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczące struktury nanokompozytów opartych na matrycy poli(tlenku etylenu) zawierającej montmorylonit sodowy. Układy zawierające PEO/MMT scharakteryzowano metodami NMR (Fast Field Cycling NMR), DSC oraz XRD.
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Structural change of carbon supported Pt nanocatalyst subjected to a step-like potential cycling in PEM FC
PublicationIn this paper we present detailed X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations of the changes in the local geometric and electronic structure of Pt nanoparticles used as a cathode catalyst in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), working under controlled potential cycling conditions.
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Local Ordering Changes in Pt-Co Nanocatalyst Induced by Fuel Cell Working Conditions
PublicationPraca poświęcona jest szczegółowej analizie zmian w lokalnej strukturze atomowej i elektronowej nanocząstek Pt-Co pracujących jako katalizatory w polimerowych ogniwach paliwowych wywołanych cyklicznie zmieniającymi się warunkami pracy ogniwa. Do analizy wykorzystano badania XAS realizowane ex-situ i in-situ, XRD i TEM. Analizując widma XAFS wzięto pod uwagę możliwy wpływ nieporządku chemicznego oraz redukcję liczb koordynacyjnych...
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Modified Manganese Phosphate Conversion Coating on Low-Carbon Steel
PublicationConversion coatings are one of the primary types of galvanic coatings used to protect steel structures against corrosion. They are created through chemical reactions between the metal surface and the environment of the phosphating. This paper investigates the impact that the addition of new metal cations to the phosphating reaction environment has on the quality of the final coating. So far, standard phosphate coatings have contained...
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Structure and morphology of hydrogen reduced surface of bismuth germanateand bismuth silicate glasses.
PublicationOtrzymano nanostruktury krystalicznego bizmutu w matrycy XO2(X=Si,Ge) oraz warstwę nanostruktur krystalicznego bizmutu na powierzchni redukowanych w atmosferze wodoru szkieł Bi0.33Ge0.67O1. i Bi0.57Si0.43O1.72. Zaproponowano prosty model budowy zredukowanych szkieł bizmutowo-germanowych potwierdzony wynikami badań AFM i XRD. Obserwowane zmiany przewodnictwa elektrycznego redukowanych szkieł wyjaśniono na podstawie modelu.
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Structural studies and melting of bismuth nanocrystals in reduced bismuthgermanate and bismuth silicate glasses.
PublicationOtrzymano nanostruktury krystalicznego bizmutu w matrycy XO2 (X=Si,Ge) oraz warstwę nanostruktur krystalicznego bizmutu na powierzchni redukowanych w atmosferze wodoru szkieł Bi0.33Ge0.67O1.84 i Bi0.57Si0.43O1.72. Kompozyt Bi-szkło badano metodą DSC, XRD oraz AFM. Zaobserwowano zmniejszenie temperatury topnienia nanokrystalicznego bizmutu znajdującego się w matrycy szkła z 544 K do 387 K oraz do 502 K w przypadku powierzchniowej...
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Microstructure and Dielectric Properties of Barium-vanadate Glasses
PublicationThe ac and dc conductivity in barium-vanadate glasses was investigated as a function of temperature and frequency with the use of impedance spectroscopy. The topography and microstructure of glasses were investigated by the means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. The XRD results show that all samples are amorphous but microscopy investigation reveals that glasses with greater amount of V2O5...
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Preparation of porous TiO2 films by means of pulsed laser deposition for photocatalytic applications
PublicationIn this work the preparation and structure properties of porous thin films of TiO2 were investigated. The films were produced by means of the pulsed laser deposition technique using laser pulses at 266nm (10Hz) and at fluencies of 1-3.5J/cm2. The process was performed in vacuum using O2 buffer gas and films were deposited on the SiO2 glass or Si substrate. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman analysis of the structure and chemical...
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Wytwarzanie i modyfikacja powierzchni porowatych struktur tytanowych przeznaczonych na implanty
PublicationCelem pracy było wytworzenie stopu Ti-13Nb-13Zr z wykorzystaniem technologii selektywnego topienia laserowego (SLM) oraz jego biofunkcjonalizacja za pomocą utleniania mikrołukowego (MAO), a następnie określenie wpływu parametrów procesowych na właściwości otrzymanych materiałów pod kątem ich zastosowania na implanty. Oceniono wpływ napięcia, natężenia i czasu procesu MAO przeprowadzanego w elektrolicie zawierającym wapń i fosfor...
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Thermal decomposition of [Cd{SSi(OBut)3}(S2CNC4H8)]2 to CdS “micro-noodles”
PublicationThis work presents studies on thermal degradation of novel heteroleptic complex possessing mixed S-donor ligands, [Cd{SSi(OBut)3}(S2CNC4H8)]2 using TGA, DSC, TGA-IR, SEM and XRD methods.
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Local structural and chemical ordering of nanosized Pt(3±δ)Co probed by multiple-scattering x-ray absorption spectroscopy
PublicationThis work reports a detailed investigation of the local structure and chemical disorder of a Pt(3±δ)Co thin film and Pt(3±δ)Co nanoparticles. We have used a combination of techniques including x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The important effect of chemical ordering on pair and three-atom configurations has been studied using computer simulations...
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The study of structure and surface morphology of lithium titanate sol-gel derived thin films
PublicationIn this paper the structure and the surface morphology of lithium titanate (LTO) thin films are presented. Nanocrystalline thin films were prepared by sol–gel method. To examine the influence of the annealing time on as-prepared films crystallization, the coatings were heated at different temperatures in the range of 500 °C–600 °C for 10, 20, 40 and 80 h. The structure of the obtained material was investigated using the X-ray diffraction...
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Mechanical, structural and diffusion studies of hydrogel polyurethane nanocomposites containing modified montmorillonite
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano wyniki badań hydrożeli poliuretanowych zawierających poli(tlenek etylenu) oraz montmorylonit. Otrzymane układy scharakteryzowano z użyciem technik XRD, DMA, badań mechanicznych oraz wyznaczono chłonność wody i parametry dyfuzji.
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Thermal treatment of montmorillonite modified with Cd[SC(NH2)2]42+ from two polymorphic salts
PublicationMontmorillonite(MMT)/CdS nanocomposites can be obtained using simple ionic exchange between Na(I)-MMT and Cd[SC(NH2)2]42+∙2NO3. The resulting products may be annealed to give (MMT)/CdS nanocomposites as it was proved by XRD analysis.
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Transparent thin films of Cu-TiO2 with visible light photocatalytic acitivity
PublicationThin films of Cu–TiO2 with a high level of transparency were prepared by a dip-coating procedure on the glass surface. CuCl2 was used as a copper precursor added during sol – gel synthesis of TiO2. The extension of optical absorption into the visible region of as-prepared thin films was indicated by UV/Vis spectroscopy. Only the anatase phase was detected by X-ray di ffraction analysis (XRD). The presence of copper in the structure...
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Ocena warunków procesu precypitacji węglanu wapnia w reaktorze gaz(CO2)-lift
PublicationOtrzymywano węglan wapnia w reakcji wodorotlenku wapnia z dwutlenkiem węgla. Zbadano wpływ stężenia Ca(OH)2 oraz prędkości przepływu dwutlenku węgla na czas reakcji i wykorzystanie CO2. Określono strukturę otrzymanych cząstek CaCO3 za pomocą XRD.
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Characterization of PLZT Thin Films for Fast Electro-Optical Sampling Circuits
PublicationW artykule omówiono technologię wytwarzania cienkich warstw wybranych kompozycji ceramik ołowiowo-lantanowo-cyrkonowo-tytanowych, nazywanych ceramikami PLZT. Przedstawiono wyniki badań jakości warstw za pomocą techniki XRD. wyniki pomiaru grubości warstw, ich względnej przenikalności dielektrycznej i współczynnika załamania. Omówiono kierunki dalszych prac.
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Synthesis and properties of the double perovskites La2NiVO6, La2CoVO6 i La2CoTiO6
PublicationW publikacji przedstawiono sposób syntezy, analizę dyfrakcji rentgenowskiej (xrd) i badania podatności magnetycznej tzw. podwójnych związków perowskitowych La2NiVO6, La2CoVO6 i La2CoTiO6. Badane związki są półprzewodnikami ze stosunkowo wąską szerokością przerwy energetycznej dla La2NiVO6, La2CoVO6 i nieznacznie powyżej 1 eV powyżej La2CoTiO6.
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The Effect of Calcination Temperature on Structure and Photocatalytic Properties of WO3/TiO2 Nanocomposites
PublicationSeries ofWO3/TiO2 nanocompositeswere obtained by hydrothermal method followed by calcination in the temperature range from 400∘C to 900∘C. The characteristics of photocatalysts by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) showed that increasing the calcination temperature from 400 to 900∘C resulted in change of photocatalytic activity under UV-Vis light.Moreover,...
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Synthesis, thermal, structural and electrical properties of vanadium-doped lithium-manganese-borate glass and nanocomposites
PublicationA glassy sample with a nominal formula LiMn1−3x/2VxBO3 (where x = 0.05) was synthesised using the melt-quenching method. Material was characterised by differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffactometry (XRD) at room temperature and as a function of temperature (HT-XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), impedance spectroscopy (IS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Dependences of glass transition and crystallisation...
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Investigating COVID-19 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) degradation using Peroxydisulfate/FeMnOx binary metal oxide/Ultrasound System
PublicationDegradation of Favipiravir using a hybrid system of peroxydisulfate, FeMnOx binary metal oxide, and ultrasound irradiation was studied. A novel catalyst was synthesized with deep eutectic solvent (DES). The effects of DES type on catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, and EDS. DES-based catalysts exhibited higher efficiency due to structure change, surface area enhancement...
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Nowy sposób otrzymywania warstw TiO2 domieszkowanego azotem
PublicationPraca zostala poświęcona nowemu sposobowi wprowadzenia atomów azotu do struktury ditlenku tytanu. Modyfikacja została osiagnięta dzieki zastosowaniu prekursora ditlenu tytanu gdzie ligandy zawierają w sobie atom azotu. Otrzymany materiał na drodze zasadowej hydrolizy został zbadany za pomoca spektroskopii UV-Vis i pomiarów XRD.
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Electronic and ionic relaxations in strontium-borate glass and glass-ceramics containing bismuth and vanadium oxides
PublicationThe topography, microstructure and electrical properties of strontium-borate glass and SBO glass containing bismuth and vanadium oxides, were studied. The structure was measured using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) methods. The A.C. complex conductivity was investigated as a function of temperature and frequency. The influence of the quantity of bismuth...
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Physical and mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane faoms modified with selected flame retardants or layered silicates
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono charakterystykę pianek poliuretanowych zawierających klasyczne środki uniepalniające oraz nanonapełniacze z grupy glinokrzemianów warstwowych. Zbadano wpływ zarówno nanonapełniaczy na bazie naturalnego montmorylonitu, jak i modyfikowanych glinokrzemianów. Uzyskane spienione poliuretanowe o zmniejszonej palności charakteryzowano z wykorzystaniem różnych technik badawczych, między innymi wykonano badania DMA,...
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Manufacture and research of TPS/PE biocomposites properties
PublicationIn this paper the process of native starch preparing for modification by extrusion and manufacture of biocomposites is presented. The first aim of this study was to determine the mixing and granulating condition of native starch to obtain granulated native starch. For mixing and granulation of native starch Intensive Mixer manufactured by Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich was used. Mixing and granulation in a single process is a new...
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Assessment of FSW Welds Made of Aluminum Alloy AW7075-T651.
PublicationThis paper summarizes the results of experimental studies in which the aluminum alloy AW7075-T651 was friction stir welded (FSW) using various combinations of process parameters (rotational - R and travel speed - T). Mechanical properties of the test welds were assessed by using static tensile test and Vickers hardness measurement. The temperature of the welded plates was monitored during welding by means of thermocouples placed...
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On electrical and photoconductive properties of mixed Nb2O5/TiO2 sol-gel thin films
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki przewodnictwa elektrycznego i fotoprzewodnictwa cienkich warstw TiO2 i Nb2O5/TiO2 otrzymanych metodą zol-żel. Pomiary przeprowadzono w funkcji temperatury i natężenia oświetlenia zarówno w próżni jak i w powietrzu. Struktura warstw została zbadana metodami XRD oraz AFM. W pracy zaobserwowano zaobserwowano spadek fotoprzewodnictwa wraz z zawartością Nb2O5
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Preparation and characterization of TiO2 nanostructures for catalytic CO2 photoconversion
PublicationThe titanium dioxide target (99.7%) of 1 cm in dia was ablated in vacuum by laser pulses(6 ns) at 266 nm and at repetition rate of 10 Hz. During deposition the laser fluence between 1 and 3.5 J/cm2 and the O2 pressure from the range of 10-2 - 1 Pa were applied. The thin TiO2 films were deposited on glass substrate (1 × 1 cm2) heated up to 500 °C. The chemical composition of the film and samples produced by annealing were investigated...
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Boron-Doped Diamond/GaN Heterojunction—The Influence of the Low-Temperature Deposition
PublicationWe report a method of growing a boron-doped diamond film by plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition utilizing a pre-treatment of GaN substrate to give a high density of nucleation. CVD diamond was deposited on GaN substrate grown epitaxially via the molecular-beam epitaxy process. To obtain a continuous diamond film with the presence of well-developed grains, the GaN substrates are exposed to hydrogen plasma prior to deposition....
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Chemical characteristics of new nanopowder of titania doped with nitrogen atoms
PublicationW pracy zaprezentowano charakterystykę domieszkowanego azotem ditlenku tytanu otrzymanego na drodze jednoetapowej syntezy z kompleksu tytanu (IV) z ligandami zawierającymi atomy azotu. ikrostruktura i morfologia nowego materiału została określony za pomocą badań XRD, AFM, UV-VIS i FT-IR. Raport przedstawia również badania elektrochemiczne, które pozowliły na wyznaczenie potencjału pasma płaskiego na podstawie wykresu Mott
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Structural and electrical transport studies of reduced in hydrogen surfaceof bismuth germanate glass
PublicationOtrzymano nanostruktury krystalicznego bizmutu w matrycy szkła germanowegooraz warstwę nanostruktur krystalicznego bizmutu na powierzchni redukowanegow atmosferze wodoru szkła Bi0.33Ge0.67O1.83. Zaproponowano prosty model bu-dowy zredukowanych szkieł bizmutowo-germanowych potwierdzony wynikami badańAFM i XRD. Zbadano wpływ czasu i temperatury redukcji oraz topnienia bizmu-tu na własności elektryczne badanych szkieł. Przeanalizowano...
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Evolution of the nanostructure of Pt and Pt–Co polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrocatalysts at successive degradation stages probed by X-ray photoemission
PublicationWe present a set of XPS (X-ray photoemission spectroscopy) measurements and detailed data-analysis of electrodes for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based on carbon supported catalysts (Pt and Pt–Co) subjected to a step-like potential cycling (accelerated degradation test). The results of the measurements complete and corroborate parallel TEM (transmission electron microscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction) and XAS (X-ray...
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Study of microstress state of P91 steel using complementary mechanical Barkhausen, magnetoacoustic emission, and X-ray diffraction techniques
PublicationThe paper deals with assessment of microstress state of martensite P91 steel using three complementary techniques: mechanical Barkhausen emission, magnetoacoustic emission (MAE), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) profile analysis. Magnetic coercivity Hc and microstructure were investigated with inductive magnetometry and magnetic force microscopy (MFM), respectively. Internal stress level of P91 steel was modified by heat treatment....
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Fe-modified Mn2CuO4 spinel oxides: coatings based on abundant elements for solid oxide cell interconnects
PublicationThe current state of the art steel interconnect coating materials are based on critical raw material - Co-oxide spinels. Replacing Co-oxide spinels with alternative, abundant materials can reduce the dependence on the critical raw materials. Cobalt-free coatings with the general formula Mn2-xCuFexO4, where x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, were electrophoretically deposited on a ferritic stainless-steel support and evaluated. Prior to deposition,...
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Multilayer coatings based on cerium oxide and manganese cobaltite spinel for Crofer22APU SOC interconnects
PublicationThe current state of the art steel interconnect coating materials are based on critical raw material - Co-oxide spinels. Replacing Co-oxide spinels with alternative, abundant materials can reduce the dependence on the critical raw materials. Cobalt-free coatings with the general formula Mn2-xCuFexO4, where x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, were electrophoretically deposited on a ferritic stainless-steel support and evaluated. Prior to deposition,...
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Electrical conductivity and relaxation processes in V2O5 nanorods prepared by sol–gel method
PublicationProperties of high purity V2O5 nanorods prepared by a sol – gel method are presented. The studied materials were characterized by: X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The electrical impedance was measured as a function of temperature and frequency. The obtained results show that the electrical conductivity increases with increasing temperature. The d.c. conductivity...
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The structure of liquid lead: EXAFS and MD studies
PublicationPraca poświecona jest analizie widm XAFS zmierzonych na krawędzi L3dla ciekłego ołowiu. W analizie strukturalnej EXAFS zastosowano podejście GNXAS. Przetestowano kilka modeli strukturalnych, zarówno numerycznych (MD-DLE, MD-TB), jak i tych otrzymanych doświadczalnie (ND, XRD) i ostatecznie zrekonstruowano pierwszy pik w parowej funkcji rozkładu, g(r). Zweryfikowano wcześniejsze doniesienia o obserwownym za pomocą metody XAFS gwałtownym...
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Towards high quality ITO coatings: the impact of nitrogen admixture in HiPIMS discharges
PublicationThe paper reports controlled deposition of optically transparent and electrically conductive ITO films prepared by a combination of rf (13.56 MHz) and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) systems without any post deposition thermal treatment/annealing. It is shown that (i) reactive admixture of N2 gas to the process and (ii) pressure in the deposition chamber enable to optimize optical properties of ITO films. Furthermore,...
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Solar light driven degradation of textile dye contaminants for wastewater treatment – studies of novel polycationic selenide photocatalyst and process optimization by response surface methodology desirability factor
PublicationThe unplanned anthropogenic activities and raced industrial revolution detrimentally causes serious threat to terrestrial and aquatic life. A high discharge of wastewater from industries using dyes affects living organisms and the environment. This paper presents studies on polycationic selenides (PCS) synthesized by hydrothermal methods for photocatalytic degradation of dyes. The synthesized PCS were confirmed by various characterization...
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Fabrication of the cross-linked PVA/TiO2/C nanocomposite membrane for alkaline direct methanol fuel cells
PublicationA crosslinked Poly(vinyl alcohol) based composite membrane was developed through a phase inversion process for use in alkaline direct methanol fuel cells (ADMFCs). The titanium dioxide (TiO2) and carbon nanoparticles (NPs) have been incorporated into the PVA polymer matrix to improve the mechanical and thermal properties. The membrane samples were further modified with maleic acid, a carboxylic acid acting as the cross-linker,...
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Nano-structured Pt embedded in the acidic salts of heteropolymolybdate matrices: MS XAFS study
PublicationMultiple-scattering extended X-ray absorption fine structure (MS EXAFS) study combined with TEM and XRD analysis of a novel Pt-based catalyst operating at low temperature fuel cells (FCs) is presented. Innovation in the case of the considered catalyst resides in the use of a porous inorganic matrix of acidic heteropolymolybdate salts as a catalyst support. Obtained results show the relation between the matrix composition and the...
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Impedance Studies of Phosphate-iron Glasses Containing Niobium and Titanium
PublicationThe ac and dc conductivity in phosphate-iron-niobate glasses with addition of titanium oxide was investigated as a function of temperature and frequency with the use of impedance spectroscopy. The topography and microstructure of glasses were investigated by the means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal microscopy methods. The obtained results show that all samples are amorphous but they...
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Phase Separation and Electrical Properties of Manganese Borosilicate Glasses
PublicationThe structure and electrical properties of manganese borosilicate glasses of a composition of xMnO-(0.8-x)SiO2-(0.2)B2O3 (x=0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 in mol) were investigated by impedance spectroscopy, SEM, XRD and confocal microscopy methods. The influence of composition on the glass structure and electrical properties was discussed. A separation of two amorphous phases was observed and it was concluded that one phase is SiO2-rich and...
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Preparation of TiO2-based catalysts modified with thioacetamide and thiourea for visible light photocatalysis
PublicationZa pomocą dwóch różnych metod preparatyki przygotowano aktywne w świetle widzialnym katalizatory tytanowe modyfikowane tioacetamidem i tiomocznikiem. Aktywność fotokatalityczną otrzymanych proszków zbadano w reakcji degradacji fenolu w roztworze wodnym w obecności światła widzialnego. Zbadano wpływ ilości zastosowanej w trakcie syntezy domieszki organicznej na aktywność fotokatalityczną otrzymanych katalizatorów. Wybrane próbki...
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Effect of WC on electroposition and corossion behaviour of chromium coatings
PublicationWłaściwości warstw chromowych zawierających różne ilości drobin WC zbadano metodą XPS, EPS oraz XRD. Metody te pozwoliły określić morfologię i skład chemiczny powłok. Właściwości antykorozyjne określono dla różnych czasów ekspozycji próbek w elektrolicie zawierającym 0,01 mol L-1 za pomocą metody woltamperometrycznej oraz spektroskopii impedancyjnej. Badania wykazały, że obecność WC w warstwach chromowych otrzymanych z kąpieli...