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Nondestructive methods complemented by FEM calculations in diagnostics of cracks in bridge approach pavement
PublicationNondestructive methods of road pavement diagnostics are an alternative to traditional approach to pavement failure investigation. The article presents a detailed multidisciplinary inspection carried out using ground-penetrating radar (GPR), laser scanning technology and finite element method (FEM) calculations. It was done in order to assess the factors that contributed to occurrence of premature cracks of a bridge approach pavement....
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Biomechanics of the medial meniscus in the osteoarthritic knee joint
PublicationBackground. Increased mechanical loading and pathological response of joint tissue to the abnormal mechanical stress can cause degradation of cartilage characteristic of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Despite osteoarthritis is risk factor for the development of meniscal lesions the mechanism of degenerative meniscal lesions is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of the study is to investigate the influence of medial compartment knee OA...
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Comparison of calculated and measured thermal stresses in asphalt concrete
PublicationThe paper presents the comparison of calculated and measured thermal stresses induced in restrained asphalt concrete specimens by cooling. Thermal stresses were measured in the Thermal Stress Restrained Specimen Test. The calculations of thermal stresses were performed with the use of a theoretical formula based on the temperature dependent stiffness modulus. The novel approach applied in this paper was that the stiffness modulus...
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Macroeconomic functions of the Russian stock market
PublicationThe purpose of this article is to present the structure of the stock market in the Russian Federation and the significance of this part of national financial system for the whole economy, particularly the degree of main macroeconomic functions fulfillment. First part of the text includes an overview of the main theoretical concepts linked with the stock market roles as well as a brief description of results of selected studies...
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Computer Simulation in Predicting Biochemical Processes and Energy Balance at WWTPs
PublicationNowadays, the use of mathematical models and computer simulation allow analysis of many different technological solutions as well as testing various scenarios in a short time and at low financial budget in order to simulate the scenario under typical conditions for the real system and help to find the best solution in design or operation process. The aim of the study was to evaluate different concepts of biochemical processes and...
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PRINCIPLES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE APPLICATION IN CONTROL OF THE ENTERPRISE
PublicationThe implementation of the tasks of evaluating historical financial information, the control or audit of business activities are based primarily on professional judgments about the object of study of a professional accountant or auditor. Their findings are drawn on the basis of the study of documents, the use of audit evidence, risk assessment, etc. There is always a probability (and rather high) that professional judgment will...
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PUBLIC SOURCES OF FINANCE FOR CULTURE AS AN ELEMENT OF CULTURAL SECURITY IN POLAND
PublicationCulture is an important element of the country, playing an important role both for its security and the economy. It cannot be only seen as a cost-creating sector, but may be a significant factor in economic development. For this to happen, it is necessary to create a system of financing this economic sector. This article’s aim is to analyze the use of funds from public sources in Poland to finance culture-related activities. The...
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Wyznaczanie stref efektywności kanałów dystrybucji na przykładzie wybranego producenta artykułów
PublicationWybór kanału dystrybucji zalicza się do decyzji strategicznych, ponieważ pod uwagę należy wziąć zarówno aspekty ekonomiczne, jak i te, które są związane z obsługą klienta. We współczesnych kanałach dystrybucji, które cechuje duża różnorodność wynikająca ze sposobu przepływu towarów z miejsca ich produkcji do miejsca konsumpcji, istotne znaczenie będzie miał sprawny i szybki przepływ strumieni finansowych, materiałowych i informacyjnych....
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L'economia mondiale dopo la guerra fredda
PublicationChe cosa è successo negli equilibri economici mondiali a partire dal 1989 e dalla dissoluzione del vecchio ordine sovietico? Dopo aver esaminato gli Usa e i suoi competitori asiatici, Giappone e Cina, il libro si concentra sull’Europa e sulle grandi trasformazioni portate dalla riunificazione tedesca, da Maastricht e dalla nascita dell’euro. Infine analizza, nell’ambito della globalizzazione, il ruolo dei BRICS, lo sviluppo economico...
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Analysis of effect of overloaded vehicles on fatigue life of flexible pavements based on weigh in motion (WIM) data
PublicationOverloaded vehicles have a significant impact on pavement fatigue life and distress. As the studies show, the phenomena intensify when the control of traffic is poor. The paper presents the results of the research including analysis of weigh in motion data from eight stations and analysis of asphalt pavement fatigue caused by mixed traffic. Distributions of vehicles axles load including the multiple axles effects are presented....
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Three-dimensional printed trachea helps to design tailored treatment for tracheobronchomalacia
PublicationTracheobronchomalacia is a rare respiratory disease that is manifesting by impaired ventilation with expiratory collapse of the tracheal wall due to softening of the supporting cartilage and hypotonia of myoelastic elements [1]. Surgery is the mainstay of treatment. We report the case of 39 -year old man with exacerbation of chronic respiratory distress. The membranous wall of the trachea and the large bronchi was stretched to...
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Tensile strength of a weave tendon suture using tendons of different sizes
PublicationThis study compared the maximum load, stress, elongation at failure and the mode of failure of three kinds of tendons most frequently used for tendon grafting and tendon transfers, using the Pulvertaftweave suture.
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Analiza wrażliwości tarczy z wykorzystaniem metody elementów skończonych
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono przykład zastosowania analizy wrażliwości tarczy modelowanej przy pomocy metody elementów skończonych. Podstawy teoretyczne oraz przykład numeryczny dotyczą wpływu różnicowania grubości całej tarczy oraz jej obszarów – jako zmiennej pro-jektowej – na przemieszczenie wybranego punktu – jako zmiennej stanu.
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Dotacje unijne jako źródło finansowania innowacji w małych i średnich przedsiębiorstwach
PublicationArtykuł dotyczy wskazania możliwości pozyskania źródeł finansowania innowacji małych i średnich przedsiębiorstw. Przykładem tego mają być dostępne obecnie lub w przyszłości granty i fundusze unijne. W artykule przedstawiono owe dotacje i ogólne ich zasady z uwzględnieniem programu z jakiego pochodzą i dla jakiego podmiotu mają być dedykowane. Ponadto zaprezentowano propozycje na co mogą być przeznaczone środki z poszczególnych...
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Electro-thermal buckling of elastically supported double-layered piezoelectric nanoplates affected by an external electric voltage
PublicationPurpose Thermal buckling of double-layered piezoelectric nanoplates has been analyzed by applying an external electric voltage on the nanoplates. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach Double-layered nanoplates are connected to each other by considering linear van der Waals forces. Nanoplates are placed on a polymer matrix. A comprehensive thermal stress function is used for investigating thermal buckling....
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Modelling of the Baumann turbine stage operation Part II. Free and kinetic vibrations
PublicationIn this paper has been presented a methodology of validation a novel mathematical model dedicated to evaluation and prediction of material degradation and demage of steam turbine elements such as blades, valves and pipes due to three mechanisms: stress-corosion, high-temperature creep and low-cyclic fatigue. The validation concept is based on an experimental setup manufactured in the Laboratory of Faculty of Mechanical and Power...
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Process zone in the Single Cantilever Beam under transverse loading. - Part II: Experimental
PublicationThis paper describes an experimental arrangement to evaluate stress/strain fields in the process zone of asymmetric adhesively bonded joints. A transparent polycarbonate flexible beam was bonded to an aluminium alloy rigid block with an epoxy adhesive in a Single Cantilever Beam (SCB) configuration. The flexible adherend was loaded in the direction parallel to the initial crack front at constant rate. To monitor strains induced...
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Employees With Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Digitized Work Environment: Perspectives for the Future
PublicationThe aim of this article is to examine the opportunities for employees with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), arising from digital technology (DT) development. The author discusses assistive technology (AT) as a mean of creating a better work environment, making the digitized workplace more friendly for people with ASD. A possible solution of communication problems is replacing the interpersonal communication between employees with...
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Fracture prediction in flat PMMA notched specimens under tension - effectiveness of the equivalent material concept and fictitious material concept
PublicationThe fracture of notched elements under mode I loading (tension) remains an inexhaustible research topic, especially when it comes to the fracture of thermoplastic materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which experience considerable plastic strains under tension. The paper points out that traditional brittle fracture criteria such as mean stress (MS) or maximum tangential stress (MTS) criteria used to predict this phenomenon do...
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Notch fatigue analysis and life assessment using an energy field intensity approach in 7050-T6 aluminium alloy under bending-torsion loading
PublicationThis paper studies the fatigue crack initiation and fatigue crack propagation of notched cylindrical bars made of 7050-T6 aluminium alloy subjected to multiaxial bending-torsion loading. The sites of crack initiation and the angles of crack initiation were successfully predicted from the distribution of the first principal stress at the notch surface. Fatigue crack initiation lives were computed through the new concept of energy...
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Analiza możliwości wykorzystania trójosiowego stanu naprężenia w betonie ściskanych słupów żelbetowych.
PublicationW artykule przeprowadzono analizę możliwości wykorzystania trójosiowego stanu naprężeń ściskających w słupach uzwojonych i słupach CFST. Przeprowadzono także analizę możliwości zwiększenia efektywności uzwojenia i stalowego płaszcza przez zastosowanie betonu ekspansywnego. Przeprowadzone analizy opracowano na podstawie badań własnych autorów.
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Polish tax reform "Polski Ład" – consequences of introducing changes on the example of selected flat-rate tax forms for micro and small companies
PublicationThis article describes aspects related to the introduction of the latest tax reform in Poland. The changes initiated in January 2022, under the name Polski Ład, concern a wide range of tax changes in Poland. Reform, in a broad sense, is a multidimensional government development program, which is primarily aimed at getting out of the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and a smooth transition to financing strategic goals in investment...
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Estimation of Stresses in a Dry Sand Layer Tested on Shaking Table
PublicationTheoretical analysis of shaking table experiments, simulating earthquake response of a dry sand layer, is presented. The aim of such experiments is to study seismic-induced compaction of soil and resulting settlements. In order to determine the soil compaction, the cyclic stresses and strains should be calculated first. These stresses are caused by the cyclic horizontal acceleration at the base of soil layer, so it is important...
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Nośność konstrukcji gruntowo-łukowej prefabrykowanego wiaduktu w świetle obliczeń numerycznych i badań „in situ”
PublicationWartykule przedstawiono analizy przeprowadzone dla wiaduktu WK-15 Pomorskiej Kolei Metropolitalnej wykonanego w technologii łuków prefabrykowanych przykrytych gruntem (system TechSpan). W celu weryfikacji obliczeń numerycznych wykonano próbne obciążenie konstrukcji. Przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów naprężeń i prezmieszczeń konstrukcji. Odniesiono się krytycznie do zastosowanego modelu obliczeniowego.
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Transparency of publicly available information about fiscal and monetary policy in Poland
PublicationResearch background: The quality of information provided by fiscal and monetary authorities are important in a democratic state. Ensuring fiscal policy transparency reduces fiscal risk and corruption and promotes public acceptance of fiscal reforms. Ensuring transparency in monetary policy allows market participants to anticipate central bank responses and take their effects into account when making investment and consumption decisions. Aim...
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20+ years of Polish residential real estate prices – a house price index proxy
PublicationInformation on house prices is often considered crucial when assessing developments in economy. However, in Poland for the long time house prices haven’t been tracked in an organized manner. Recent developments, most notably house price indices developed by Poland’s national bank and by the statistical office do not go back more than 10 years, therefore data series are relatively short compared to those of other macroeconomic data. In...
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Structure of the US investment company industry over the period 2000 to 2017: substitution analysis
PublicationOver the last years the investment company industry has undergone deep transformation in the majority of the most advanced economies, including the United States. Traditional investment companies, such as mutual funds, have lost their market share to innovative exchange-traded funds (ETFs). The main distinctive features of ETFs are listing and trading in their units on the stock exchanges as well as lower costs for investors. The...
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Hidden Champions of Poland
PublicationPoland is a country with a strong entrepreneurial spirit. The hidden champions’ performance has been closely related to political and economic changes: the fall of communism in 1989 and the transition from a centrally planned economy to a market economy. This led to the emergence of small private businesses focused on the domestic market. The accession to the European Union in 2004 created new perspectives for the hidden champions’...
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Technical and economic analysis of energy storage in the compressed air technology with low capacity for the production plant
PublicationCompressed air energy storage (CAES) system is a promising technology due to its numerous advantages, including relatively low maintenance cost, a long lifespan and high operational flexibility. This article explores the possibility of designing a CAES power plant as a source of electricity and heat for an existing industrial plant. The study involves the technical analysis of the power plant parameters and the economic analysis...
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The Housing Pattern and Entrepreneurship in Polish Suburban Landscape
PublicationAbstract. Housing stimulates the development of SMEs (small and medium enterprises) in the suburbs. The multidisciplinary research in fields of urban planning and economics, carried out by the Authors, confirms this trend. The purpose of this paper is to present the multidisciplinary results of the research on the determinants of SME localization in the suburban areas of Gdansk, Gdynia and Sopot (the Metropolitan Area Gdansk–Gdynia-Sopot...
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Orientation effects on the fracture behaviour of additively manufactured stainless steel 316L subjected to high cyclic fatigue
PublicationIn this paper, stainless steel 316L (SS316L) bars were additively manufactured (AM) in three orientations (Z – vertical, XY – horizontal, ZX45 – midway between vertical and horizontal) by using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion Melting (LPBF-M) method. The AM specimens were subjected to load control fatigue testing under full tension and compression (R = -1) at stress amplitudes ±350, ±400 and ±450 MPa. The XY and ZX45 printing orientations...
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Properties of surface layers of duplex stainless steel after burnishing processes
PublicationStress corrosion cracking resistance of cold worked layers of 25 Cr duplex stainless steel grade UR52N+ has been investigated. The surface layers were performed through burnishing treatment. The residual stresses at surface layers were determined using grazing angle incidence X-ray diffraction method (g-sin2 Ψ). Corrosion tests were performed with the use of Slow Strain Rate Test technique in boiling 35% MgCl2 solution. It has...
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Deep compaction control of sandy soils
PublicationVibroflotation, vibratory compaction, micro-blasting or heavy tamping are typical improvement methods for the cohesionless deposits of high thickness. The complex mechanism of deep soil compaction is related to void ratio decrease with grain rearrangements, lateral stress increase, prestressing effect of certain number of load cycles, water pressure dissipation, aging and other effects. Calibration chamber based interpretation...
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NUMERICAL MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTATION OF HISTORICAL CARPENTRY CORNER LOG JOINTS
PublicationThe main purpose of this research is to determine the stress distributions on the contact surfaces between the logs of the historical carpentry corner joints. The additional purpose is to compare the stress distribution for four different boundary conditions in the case of dry and wet pine wood. The paper presents the results of numerical analysis of the shortcorner dovetail connection and the saddle notch corner joint, which are...
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Buckling and initial post-local buckling behaviour of cold-formed channel member flange
PublicationThe initial post-buckling behaviour of a cold-formed channel member flange after its local buckling is investigated. An axially compressed column or beam subjected to pure bending is considered. The member material is assumed to follow a linear stress-strain relationship. The governing non-linear differential equation of the problem is derived using the minimum total potential energy principle. An approximate solution for the equation...
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ADAPTATION OF ENGINEERING FEA-BASED ALGORITHMS TO LCF FAILURE AND MATERIAL DATA PREDICTION IN OFFSHORE DESIGN
PublicationThere is an ever growing industrial demand for quantitative assessment of fatigue endurance of critical structural details. Although FEA-based calculations have become a standard in engineering design, problems involving the Low-To-Medium cycle range (101-104) remain challenging. This paper presents an attempt to optimally choose material data, meshing density and other algorithm settings in the context of recent design of the...
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Analiza statyczna i wytrzymałościowa konstrukcji wiszącej zadaszenia Stadionu Śląskiego
PublicationW artykule scharakteryzowano konstrukcję nośną zadaszenia Stadionu Śląskiego w Chorzowie, system statyczny i przyjęte rozwiązania konstrukcyjne. Przedstawiono poziom wytężenia kluczowych elementów oraz wytyczne dotyczące wzmocnienia. Analizy przeprowadzono w ramach audytu dokumentacji projektowej wykonanego na zlecenie inwestora.
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Microstructure and residual stresses in surface coatings with PTFE reservoirs
PublicationThe paper presents the results of experimental study into the microstructure and changes in residual stresses resulting from sliding and rolling/sliding loaded interaction between metallic surface coatings with embedded PTFE reservoirs and various counter faces. It was found that before testing surface coatings had compressive residual stresses. Molybdenum coating with all types of PTFE reservoirs displayed, as a result of testing,...
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Performance of organic coatings upon cyclic mechanical load
PublicationA number of engineering structures fail due to the fatigue damage resulting from cyclic mechanical stress. However, as far as organic coatings are concerned this degradation factor remains underestimated. In the paper the authors propose a methodology combining global electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and local atomic force microscopy measurements for evaluation of coating resistance to an impact of repetitive mechanical stress. Typical...
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Models of using the Internet by young Poles and their social capital.
PublicationHighlights • Study examining Polish youth on internet usage styles. • Online communication is the most common form of spending time on the Internet. •...
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Making full and immediate Open Access a reality through the repository route – the role of open repositories in implementation of Plan S.
PublicationThesis/Objective: In 2018, research funding institutions associated in cOAlitionS issued PlanS document which aims to accelerate the transition to full and immediate Open Access to publications from publicly funded research until January 2021. Among the recommendations, which mainly relate to publishing in the Open Access model and its financing, there are also guidelines on the implementation of Plan S assumptions through the...
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Roller burnishing
PublicationThe paper shows the process of roller burnishing as a method of finishing machine components. Based on own research the author presents the effects of the roller burnishing process to increase the hardness and residual stress as well as the wear and fatigue strength of burnishing components.
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Fracture Surface Behavior of 34CrNiMo6 High-Strength Steel Bars with Blind Holes under Bending-Torsion Fatigue
PublicationThe present study evaluates the fracture surface response of fatigued 34CrNiMo6 steel bars with transverse blind holes subjected to bending with torsion loading. The analysis of the geometric product specification was performed by means of height parameters Sx, functional volume parameters Vx, and fractal dimension Df. Surface topography measurements were carried out using an optical profilometer with focus variation technology....
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NARAŻENIA NAPIĘCIOWE SILNIKÓW INDUKCYJNYCH ZASILANYCH Z FALOWNIKÓW NAPIĘCIA
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z narażeniami izolacji silników pracujących w układach napędowych z falownikami napięcia. Znaczne stromości napięć oraz zjawiska falowe w przewodach zasilających powodują przyspieszoną degradacje izolacji maszyn. Rozwiązaniem jest stosowanie filtrów biernych na wyjściu falownika.
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Kinetic analysis of the stage for a high speed steam turbine
PublicationThis article analyzes possibilites of resonances within a control stage for a high speed steam turbine. This stage hase been based on assembling of a single blade to a rotating disk and increasing of rigidity of the system by using of a bandage. In the analysis will be nd a possiblity of resonance frequency, and mistuning by showing safety working ranges. The calculations have bean used the3D modal and harmonic analysis by the...
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Fracture surface topography investigation and fatigue life assessment of notched austenitic steel specimens
PublicationThe objectives of this study were to investigate the fracture surface topography of X8CrNiS18-9 austenitic stainless-steel specimens for different loadings and notch radii and to supplement the knowledge about the fracture mechanisms for fatigue performance. Cases with three different values of the notch radius ρ and the stress amplitude σa were analysed. The fracture topographies were quantified by the areas over their entire...
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Formation and Growth of the Crack in Bonded Joints Under Mode I Fracture: Substrate Deflection at Crack Vicinity
PublicationAdhesive bonding is now commonly used in aircraft, cars, boats, etc. In these applications, thin panels are often bonded. In such thin structures, heterogeneous mechanical loading along the bondline edge (or potential crack front), is likely to arise due to 3D structural effects. The crack front and its vicinity is a special region, in that it is where structural properties of the adherend material meet those of the adhesive (discontinuity)....
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Zespół wypalenia zawodowego i zmęczenie w kontekście pracy zmianowej i stresu zawodowego wśród pielęgniarek chirurgicznych
PublicationTwo aspects of work-related consequences among surgery nurses are discussed: burnout syndrome and fatigue, having an impact on the quality of medical care and safety of patients. Siegrist's effort-reward imbalance model has been adopted as a concept of occupational stress. The organization of working time, i.e. the length of shifts and their rotation, was considered. Nurses on twelve-hour shifts worked much harder, were more tired...
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Planning, Configuration and Usefulness of Microseismic Monitoring on Eastern-Europe Platform – Example from East Pomerania
PublicationThe microseismic monitoring is a method of monitoring of fracture propagation during hydraulic fracturing process. The method uses array of geophones to localize micro tremors induced by liquid pumped underground at high rate and pressure. The acquired information helps to optimize fracturing process and prevents fracture growth to aquifer levels. It proved to be useful on several unconventional hydrocarbon reservoirs in the USA....
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LC-MS/MS dtermination of isoprostanes in plasma samples collected from mice exposed to doxorubicin or tert-butyl hydroperoxide
PublicationIsoprostanes are stable products of arachidonic acid peroxidation and are regarded as the most reliable markers of oxidative stress in vivo. Here we describe the LC-MS/MS procedure enabling simultaneous determination of four regioisomers (8-iso prostaglandin F2α, 8-iso-15(R)-prostaglandin F2α, 11β-prostaglandin F2α, 15(R)-prostaglandin F2α) in plasma samples collected from mice. The four plasma isoprostanes are determined by LC–ESI-MS/MS...