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Influence of drying mode and feed per tooth rate on the fine dust creation in pine and beech sawing on a mini sash gang saw
PublicationThe experimental results of the study focused on the effect of drying processes of modified air drying and warm air steam mixture drying of pine and beech wood on the size of sawdust particles created in cutting using PRW-15M sash gang saw, are presented in the paper. Particle size analysis of dry sawdust was performed using two methods—sieving method and laser diffraction analysis. The results showed that the drying process did...
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Composition of fatty acids in selected sorts of biscuits, offered for children
PublicationThe fatty acid (FA) composition, especially total trans-fatty acids (TFA) content in 12 assortments of biscuits offered for children, produced by four different companies, were determined by gas chromatography. Total fat content of the biscuit samples ranged from 2.2 to 22.8 g/100 g of product. The major FAs were palmitic C16:0, oleic C18:1, and linoleic C18:2 acids. Depending on the biscuit type, the total saturated fatty acids...
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A new method for real-time monitoring of volatiles in frying fumes using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyse
PublicationTo safeguard the consumers’ well-being, it is necessary to develop novel methods for determination of carcinogens in food, including volatiles generated during frying. The currently used procedures for analysis of volatile fraction of vegetable oils are not based on real-time measurements and thus do not enable the determination of carcinogenic compounds in frying fumes; instead, only the headspace or liquid fraction is sampled....
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Equivalent single-layer models in deformation analysis of laminated multilayered plates
PublicationThe performance of selected Equivalent Single-Layer (ESL) models is evaluated within several classical benchmark tests for linear static analysis of multi-layered plates. The authors elaborated their own Finite Element software based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FOSD) with some modifications incorporated including a correction of the transverse shear stiffness and an application of zig-zag type functions. Seven...
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Selected Technical Issues of Deep Neural Networks for Image Classification Purposes
PublicationIn recent years, deep learning and especially Deep Neural Networks (DNN) have obtained amazing performance on a variety of problems, in particular in classification or pattern recognition. Among many kinds of DNNs, the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) are most commonly used. However, due to their complexity, there are many problems related but not limited to optimizing network parameters, avoiding overfitting and ensuring good...
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A Closed Bipolar Electrochemical Cell for the Interrogation of BDD Single Particles: Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation
PublicationA closed bipolar electrochemical cell containing two conductive boron-doped diamond (BDD) particles of size 250 – 350 m, produced by high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) synthesis, has been used to demonstrate the applicability of single BDD particles for electrochemical oxidative degradation of the dye, methylene blue (MB). The cell is fabricated using stereolithography 3D printing and the BDD particles are located at either...
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Characteristic and specificity of protease activity of thermophilic bacteria Meiothermus ruber
PublicationThe primary purpose of research was to establish the possibility of using thermophilic bacteria Meiothermus ruber as a source of proteolytic enzymes. The main reason of searching new proteases is their commercial value especially in production of detergents, food, pharmaceuticals, leather, diagnostics or waste management. The development of this type processes will be possible by utilization of enzymes which have unique characteristics...
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The effect of agro-waste co-digestion and sludge disposal on carbon footprint in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublicationThe study presents analysis of the carbon footprint (CF) in 6 wastewater treatment plants in northern Poland with a special focus on the effect of co digestion of sewage sludge and food waste. Although co-digestion increases the on-site energy production, but it has a negative effect on the total CF. To overcome the negative effect, several sludge disposal scenarios were analysed and their effect on the CF reduction was determined....
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Electronic Noses and Electronic Tongues
PublicationChapter 7 reports the achievements on the field of artificial senses, such as electronic nose and electronic tongue. It examines multivariate data processing methods and demonstrates a promising potential for rapid routine analysis. Main attention is focused on detailed description of sensor used, construction and principle of operation of these systems. A brief review about the progress in the field of artificial senses and future trends...
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Modelling of cutting by means of fracture mechanics
PublicationThe suitability of modern fracture mechanic theory was proved for the estimation of the cutting force and the cutting specific resistance. This paper shows modification of Ernst-Merchant theory and its application for determination some other properties of wood sample. This theory is acceptable for evaluation of shear yield stresses and shear plane angle. Sawing by gang saw machine was used as a process similar to the orthogonal...
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MODELLING OF CUTTING BY MEANS OF FRACTURE MECHANICS
PublicationThe suitability of modern fracture mechanic theory was proved for the estimation of the cutting force and the cutting specific resistance. This paper shows modification of Ernst-Merchant theory and its application for determination some other properties of wood sample. This theory is acceptable for evaluation of shear yield stresses and shear plane angle. Sawing by gang saw machine was used as a process similar to the orthogonal...
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Preliminary study on icebreaking operation on the Middle and Lower Odra River
PublicationThe Odra-Vistula Flood Management Project (OVFMP) is implemented with the assistance of international financial institutions, including the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Council of Europe Development Bank, as well as with the support of funding from the Cohesion Fund and the state budget. Aside from others, the objective of the OVFMP is to increase flood protection for people living in selected areas...
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Bile salts in digestion and transport of lipids
PublicationBecause of their unusual chemical structure, bile salts (BS) play a fundamental role in intestinal lipid digestion and transport. BS have a planar arrangement of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties, which enables the BS molecules to form peculiar self-assembled structures in aqueous solutions. This molecular arrangement also has an influence on specific interactions of BS with lipid molecules and other compounds of ingested food...
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On the current state of dovetail wall-corner joints in wooden Greek Catholic churches in Polish Subcarpathia with structural and sensitivity analyses
PublicationThis paper describes the current condition of some dovetail joints which form the wall corners of two Greek Catholic churches of wooden construction in Polish Subcarpathia. It also gives the historical background of the sacral architecture of that region. The two structures, which represent the same type of log corner joints are situated in Chotylub and Cewków. The buildings were examined e.g. for damage, wood moisture content,...
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ANALIZA POSTAW INTERNAUTÓW WOBEC MARKI W MEDIACH SPOŁECZNOŚCIOWYCH
PublicationCelem opracowania jest ukazanie roli, jaką odgrywają media społecznościowe i wypowiedzi internautów w kształtowaniu wizerunku marki wśród użytkowników Sieci. Artykuł prezentuje także wyniki obserwacji aktywności polskich internautów dotyczące jednej z polskich marek spożywczych. Internauci zamieszczają w Internecie różnorodne treści powiązane pośrednio lub bezpośrednio z markami. Zadaniem organizacji, podobnie jak w przypadku pozostałych...
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The possibility of use keratin products in various branches of industry
PublicationBird's feather, the main by-product of the poultry industry, are not enough utilized and negatively influencing the environment. They contain large amount of keratin, the protein with high cystine content. The aim of our work was to obtain hydrolysates and isolates of keratin, which can be used in various areas of food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical industry and as animal feed. Keratin can be hydrolyzed and extracted from feather after...
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Analysis of Agricultural and Engineering Systems using Simulation Decomposition
PublicationThis paper focuses on the analysis of agricultural and engineering processes using simulation decomposition (SD). SD is a technique that utilizes Monte Carlo simulations and distribution decomposition to visually evaluate the source and the outcome of different portions of data. Here, SD is applied to three distinct processes: a model problem, a nondestructive evaluation testing system, and an agricultural food-water energy system....
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ANFIS-Based NPC Population Control in Video Games
PublicationModern computer games aim at providing rich, vivid worlds. The aim is to encourage the player to explore and interact with the in-game world. To describe the complex relations between in-game NPCs and their surrounding fuzzy logic is used. The paper presents ANFIS based population control in the video game. We present an approach allowing stabilizing the number of NPCs in-game by providing a certain amount of food to the environment....
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Application of industrial waste as a carbon source for biosurfactants production
PublicationBiosurfactants are natural surfactants produced by variety of microorganisms. They are very prospective product due to good biodegradability, low toxicity, good physicochemical properties and high efficiency in many applications. Moreover, they are efficient in wide range of pH, temperatures and salinity. However, the production of biosurfactants is very expensive due to high purification cost. This cost can be minimized by application...
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Load function walking pedestrian on the footbridge.
PublicationModern foot bridges are more and more sensitive to variable load created by moving pedestrians. These are several reasons for that. Quickly growing up road infrastructure forces us to build foot bridges just to reconnect one piece of land, separated now by the new road or railway. These bridges are lightweight because the only live load acting on them comes from pedestrians.The paper focuses on the definition of human induces dynamic...
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Application of fiber optic sensors using Machine Learning algorithms for temperature measurement of lithium-ion batteries
PublicationOptical fiber sensorsusing low-coherence interferometry require processing ofthe output spectrum or interferogramto quickly and accurately determine the instantaneous value of the measured quantity, such as temperature.Methods based on machine learning are a good candidate for this application. The application of four such methods in an optical fiber temperature sensoris demonstrated.Using aZnO-coated...
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Numerical analysis of the carpentry joints applied in the traditional wooden structures
PublicationThe paper concerns the numerical analysis of the carpentry joints made from spruce wood. The material parameters of the wood have been calculated on the basis of nine independent material constants (an orthotropic material). The contact zone between the individual elements of the connection has been determined using Contact Tables in the MSC.Marc software. Five types of carpentry joints have been analyzed. The main aim of the research...
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Wyznaczanie stref efektywności kanałów dystrybucji na przykładzie wybranego producenta artykułów
PublicationWybór kanału dystrybucji zalicza się do decyzji strategicznych, ponieważ pod uwagę należy wziąć zarówno aspekty ekonomiczne, jak i te, które są związane z obsługą klienta. We współczesnych kanałach dystrybucji, które cechuje duża różnorodność wynikająca ze sposobu przepływu towarów z miejsca ich produkcji do miejsca konsumpcji, istotne znaczenie będzie miał sprawny i szybki przepływ strumieni finansowych, materiałowych i informacyjnych....
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Quantum dots conjugates with unsymmetrical bisacridines enhance cytotoxicity of these antitumor compounds in lung cancer cells and have protecting effects on normal cells
PublicationBackground: In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology and its extensive applications in the medicine, nanocarriers for anticancer drug delivery have gained a great importance. Spherical semiconductor nanocrystals, frequently called quantum dots (QDs) are very attractive nanomaterials for bioimaging applications and they possess properties as potential candidates for drug carrier. Unsymmetrical bisacridines (UAs),...
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The impact of sediment, fresh and marine water on the concentration of chemical elements in water of the ice-covered lagoon
PublicationThe common use of chemical elements by man has been contributing to their extraction for centuries. As a consequence, they have been directly or indirectly introduced into the biogeochemical cycle. In the framework of many conventions, mining and processing of elements are currently subject to many restrictions. However, their large load that has already been deposited in the soil and bottom sediments can be remobilised and...
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Enzyme Conjugation - A Promising Tool for Bio-catalytic and Biotransformation Applications – A Review
PublicationEnzymes have revolutionized conventional industrial catalysts as more efficient, eco-friendly, and sustainable substitutes that can be used in different biotechnological processes, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Yet, the enzymes from nature are engineered to make them adapt and enhance their durability in the industrial environment. One promising approach involves the combined use of multiple enzymes that catalyze highly...
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Phosphorus concentration and availability in raw organic waste and post fermentation products
PublicationThe aim of the study was to determine the mobility of phosphorus forms in raw organic waste and from the solid and liquid fractions of digestate. To achieve the purpose of this study, the components (including livestock manure, agricultural waste, food waste, sewage sludge) and their post fermentation products were considered. Subsequently, the effect of the fermentation process on the mobility of phosphorus forms in post-fermentation fractions...
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Challenges in determination of pesticides from various chemical groups in fruits and vegetables applying QuEChERS method
PublicationPesticides are a large group of compounds with different physical and chemical properties, which place some of them among the most toxic, environmentally stable, and mobile substances. Nevertheless, their number, use, and application are continuously expanding. A consequence of their use is the possible presence of residues in treated food products. To protect consumers from exposure to unacceptable levels of pesticides Maximum...
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Carbon nanowalls: A new versatile graphene based interface for laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry detection of small compounds in real samples.
PublicationCarbon nanowalls, vertically aligned graphene nanosheets, attract attention owing to their tunable band-gap, high conductivity, high mechanical robustness, high optical absorbance and other remarkable properties. In this paper, we report for the first time, the use of hydrophobic boron-doped carbon nanowalls (CNWs) for laser desorption/ionization of small compounds and their subsequent detection by mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). The...
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Up-to-date strategies and future trends towards the extraction and purification of Capsaicin: A comprehensive review
PublicationBackground According to the current need of manufacturing healthier products, food companies are seeking specific biomolecules that may offer additional added value (i.e., biological activities) to the new food formulations. Capsaicin, as the pungent ingredient of chili peppers, has become so far one of the target biomolecules explored since the 1950s. There is evidence demonstrating that capsaicin exhibits important biological...
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Intrinsic effects of AM4113, a putative neutral CB1 receptor selective antagonist, on open-field behaviors in rats
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono wyniki testów otartego pola na zachowanie szczurów po iniekcji zwierzętom WIN55,21-2 (WIN; 3 mg/kg) agonisty receptora kanabinoidowego CB1R, bądź AM4113 (0.3−5.6 mg/kg) przypuszczalnie neutralnego antagonisty receptora kanabinoidowego CB1R oraz mieszaniny obu związków. W badaniach pod uwagę brano następujące zachowania zwierząt; ilość kwadratów, którą szczury przechodziły na czterech nogach, częstotliwość...
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A nontargeted approach to determine the authenticity of Ginkgo biloba L. plant materials and dried leaf extracts by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and chemometrics
PublicationThe lack of stringent regulations regarding raw materials for herbal supplements used for medicinal purposes has been a constant challenge in the industry. Ginkgo biloba L. leaf extracts attract consumers because of the supposed positive effect on mental performance and memory. Supplements are produced using dried leaf materials and standardized leaf extracts such as EGb 761. Adulteration of Ginkgo biloba L. plants and extracts...
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Estimation of fracture toughness and shear yield stress of orthotropic materials in cutting with rotating tools
PublicationThe cutting force is an energetic effect of splitting material, and might be considered from a point of view of modern fracture mechanics. Forecasting of the shear plane angle in cutting broaden possibilities for modelling of the cutting process even for thin uncut chips. Such mathematical model has been developed here for description of the orthotropic materials’ cutting on the base of fracture theory, and includes work of separation...
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A Method and Device for 3D Recognition of Cutting Edge Micro Geometry
PublicationA very useful method was successfully applied in the investigation of tools for machining wood and wood based composites. It allows scanning of the cutting edge micro geometry in three dimensions and reproducing it in a virtual space as a 3D surface. The application of the method opens new possibilities of studying tool wear by scanning, including the calculation of volume loss and other analysis of tool wedge geometry along and...
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The methodology for determining of the value of cutting power for cross cutting on optimizing sawing machine
PublicationIn the article the methodology of forecasting the energy effects of the cross-cutting process using the classical method, which takes into account the specific cutting resistance, is presented. The values of cutting power for the cross-cutting process of two types of wood (softwood and hardwood) were forecasted for the optimizing sawing machine with using presented methodology. The cross-cutting process with high values of feed...
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Kształtowanie wartości wskaźników płynności finansowej przez ponadprzeciętnie rentowne MSP w okresie dobrej i złej koniunktury gospodarczej
Publication: W artykule porównano kształtowanie wartości wskaźników z obszaru płynności finansowej przez ponadprzeciętnie rentowne MSP w okresie dobrej i złej koniunktury gospodarczej. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było ponadto zaproponowanie przedziałów wartości rekomendowanych dla wskaźników z obszaru płynności finansowej z osobna dla okresu dobrej, jak i złej koniunktury gospodarczej. W trakcie przeprowadzonych badań uwzględniono 67 317...
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Kształtowanie wartości wskaźników wspomagania finan-sowego przez ponadprzeciętnie rentowne MSP w okresie dobrej i złej koniunktury gospodarczej
PublicationW artykule porównano kształtowanie wartości wskaźników z obszaru wspomagania finansowego przez ponadprzeciętnie rentowne MSP w okresie dobrej i złej koniunktury gospodarczej. Celem przeprowadzonych badań było ponadto zaproponowanie przedziałów wartości rekomendowanych dla wskaźników z obszaru wspomagania finansowego, z osobna dla okresu dobrej jak i złej koniunktury gospodarczej. W trakcie przepro-wadzonych badań uwzględniono...
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Globalne trendy w certyfikacji systemu zarządzania środowiskowego
PublicationMinimalizacja wpływu działalności organizacji na środowisko naturalne jest jednym z najważniejszych założeń strategicznych przedsiębiorstw. Działania te wynikają z wdrażania strategii CSR, która w odniesieniu do polityki środowiskowej w organizacjach realizowana jest poprzez system EMAS bądź wymagania normy ISO 14001. Wdrożenie Systemu Zarządzania Środowiskowego, a następnie poddanie systemu certyfikacji przez niezależną jednostkę...
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Possible singlet-to-triplet pairing transition in Na_xCoO_2 * yH_2O
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono dokładne pomiary górnego pola krytycznego (H_c2) w niedawno odkrytym nadprzewodniku Na_xCoO_2 * yH_2O. Zauważono niezwykłe zachowanie pola krytycznego w funkcji temperatury. W celu wyjaśnienie zjawiska rozwiązano równania Gorkova dla sieci trójkątnej. Eksperymentalny wynik może być interpretowany jako przejście singlet - tryplet wywołane polem magnetycznym.
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Possible singlet-to-triplet pairing transition inNaxCoO2·yH2O
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Valence and ionic lowest-lying electronic states of small esters studied by high resolution vacuum ultraviolet photoabsorption, photoelectron spectroscopy and ab initio calculations
PublicationEsters are an important class of oxygenated volatile organic compounds used in food flavorings, perfumes and other cosmetic products. They are present in fruits and pheromones and are emitted to the atmosphere naturally. Esters are also formed in the atmosphere as a product of the oxidation of ethers. Some of them form poly-molecule chains and are used in plastics. Phosphoesters form DNA backbone, while nitroesters are known for...
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Zastosowanie addytywów w separacji pianowej białek serwatkowych i białek mlecznych
PublicationZaproponowano proces separacji pianowej do wydzielania białek ze strumieni poprodukcyjnych przemysłu mleczarskiego Ponadto zaproponowano zastosowanie w separacji pianowej białek serwatkowych i mlecznych addytywów dopuszczonych ustawą do stosowania w żywności. Jako cel pracy przyjęto uzyskanie wyników uzasadniających wybór takich addytywów, które intensyfikują przebieg i polepszają wynik procesu separacji pianowej białek. W części...
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Opracowanie wyników pomiaru przemieszczeń pionowych i odchyleń od pionu słupów nr C'3 i E'3 w hali obiektu 2 "Mostostalu Gdańsk S.A." przy ulicy Marynarki Polskiej 96 w Gdańsku
PublicationPomiary geodezyjne osiadania i wychylenia wybranych słupów wywołane 10krotnym najazdem suwnicy.
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Na efektywność wpływa sposób przetarcia. Seminarium Obróbki Drewna w Szwecji
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono relację z 20th International Wood Machining Seminar, które odbyło się w Skelleftea w Szwecji.
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Environmental consequences of emulsifying properties of biosurfactant produced by Pseudomonas sp.
PublicationBiosurfactants are natural surfactants produced by variety of microorganisms. They are very prospective product due to good biodegradability, low toxicity, good physicochemical properties and high efficiency in many applications. Moreover, they are efficient in wide range of pH, temperatures and salinity. Thus, they have potential to be used in many applications. However, their later presence in municipal and industrial wastewater...
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River flow simulation based on the HEC-RAS system
PublicationThis work considers the problem of river floods, and presents a computer solution that can be used to predict such a threat. The basic tool, called Hydrologic Engineering Centers for River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), and created by the US Army Corps of Engineering, is well developed; and the models created in the system HEC-RAS are quite realistic. For the purpose of solving practical national flood problems, simplified static and...
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River Flow Simulation Based on the HEC-RAS System
PublicationThis work considers the problem of river floods, and presents a computer solution that can be used to predict such a threat. The basic tool, called Hydrologic Engineering Centers for River Analysis System (HEC-RAS), and created by the US Army Corps of Engineering, is well developed; and the models created in the system HEC-RAS are quite realistic. For the purpose of solving practical national flood problems, simplified static and...
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Distinctive properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) originating from the Carpathian and Great Poland-Pomeranian of Nature and Forest Land
PublicationIn this paper values of properties of Scots pine, the fracture toughness and of shear yield stress in the shear zone are presented. Samples of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood of two provenances from Poland were tested. These properties were determined from the values of cutting power obtained experimentally on the saw frame PRW-15M. The values of fracture toughness and shear yield stress based on the Atkins model for cutting...
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Dual-Polarized Wideband Bandpass Metasurface-Based Filter
PublicationThis paper presents a novel metasurface-based bandpass filter. The structure is realized by simply patterning a double-sided AD250 substrate, and does not require any vias or insertion of lumped elements. The top layer is an annular- aperture-array with multiple inner conductors, whereas the bottom layer is a first-order Hilbert-curve array. FEM-based simulation results of the filter are obtained using HFSS. The experimental validation...
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Związki biologicznie aktywne w żywności i napojach
PublicationJuż od dłuższego czasu daje się zauważyć wzrost zainteresownia związkami biologicznie aktywnymi w żywności (szczególnie pochodzenia roślinnego) oraz napojach i sokach. W wielu ośrodkach naukowych trwają badania ukierunkowane na określenie aktywności przeciwutleniającej badanych próbek oraz oznaczenie zawartości polifenoli i innych związków o właściwościach przeciwutleniających (m.in. witaminy C oraz tokoferoli). W pracy przedstawiono...