Search
Filters
total: 1187
filtered: 904
Search results for: DIISOCYANATE MIXTURES
-
A New Approach to Generation of Standard Gas Mixtures used in the Calibration of Gas Analysers
Publication -
Horizontal flow boiling of R22, R134a and their mixtures with oil in smooth and enhanced tubes
PublicationOpisano stanowisko i procedurę badawczą. Przedstawiono wyniki badań wrzenia czynników R 22 i R 134a oraz ich mieszanin z olejem wewnątrz dwóch rur gładkich i dwóch rur o rozwiniętej powierzchni. Zweryfikowno wybrane korelacje współczynnika przejmowania ciepła podczas wrzenia czystych czynników chłodniczych w rurach gładkich.
-
Mitigating Stripping in Asphalt Mixtures: Pretreatment of Aggregate by Thermoplastic Polyethylene Powder Coating
Publication -
Intermolecular Interactions as a Measure of Dapsone Solubility in Neat Solvents and Binary Solvent Mixtures
PublicationDapsone is an effective antibacterial drug used to treat a variety of conditions. However, the aqueous solubility of this drug is limited, as is its permeability. This study expands the available solubility data pool for dapsone by measuring its solubility in several pure organic solvents: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (CAS: 872-50-4), dimethyl sulfoxide (CAS: 67-68-5), 4-formylmorpholine (CAS: 4394-85-8), tetraethylene pentamine (CAS:...
-
Stiffness of cold-recycled mixtures under variable deformation conditions in the IT-CY test
PublicationStiffness modulus belongs to the most important properties describing the cold-recycled mixtures (CRM) in terms of their usability in road pavement structures. Previous research proved that this property is strongly dependent on the scheme and conditions of the test (temperature and time of loading) and the time that has passed since the compaction of the specimen or pavement layer. It is a result of the influence of two different...
-
Sustainable Chemically Modified Mater-Bi/Poly(ε-caprolactone)/Cellulose Biocomposites: Looking at the Bulk through the Surface
PublicationSustainable polymer composites are progressively under development in a technological paradigm shift from "just use more and more" to "convert into value-added products". The bio-based blends based on Mater-Bi bio-plastic (A) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (B), at a weight ratio of 70:30 (A:B) were developed, followed by the addition of UFC100 cellulose (C) filler to yield 70/30 (w/w) (A:B)/C sustainable biocomposites. The effects of...
-
The influence of synthetic polyhydroxybutyrate on selected properties of novel polyurethanes for medical applications. Part I. Polyurethanes with aromatic diisocyanates in hard segments
PublicationZsyntetyzowano poliuretany (PUR) z udziałem 37% segmentu sztywnego uzyskanego na etapie przedłużania łańcucha prepolimeru w reakcji 4,4â-diizocyjanianu difenylometanu (MDI) z 1,4-butanodiolem (1,4-BD). Segmenty giętkie wytworzonych PUR były zbudowane z poli([R,S]-3--hydroksymaoelanu) (a-PHB) i polikaprolaktonodiolu (PCL) lub z a-PHB i polioksytetrametylenodiolu(PTMG). Zbadano wpływ obecności w łańcuchu PUR syntetycznego a-PHB...
-
Application of gas-steam mixture for wood drying purposes
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wyniki suszenia drewna przy zastosowaniu mieszaniny parowo-gazowej. Badania dotyczyły suszenia drewna dębowego, sosnowego i świerkowego. We wszystkich eksperymentach skrócono czas suszenia w porównaniu z suszeniem konwencjonalnym.
-
Gaussian mixture decomposition in the analysis of MALDI-TOF spectra
Publication -
Sustainable chemically modified poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch/poly(ε-caprolactone)/cellulose biocomposites: looking at the bulk through the surface
PublicationSustainable polymer composites (or biocomposites) based on renewable and green polymers are progressively under development in a technological paradigm shift from “just use more and more” to “convert into value-added products”. Therefore, significant efforts should focus not only on their reduced environmental impact but also on maximizing their performance and broadening their application range. Herein, the bio-based blends based...
-
Thermophysical Properties of the Phase Change Material Mixtures – Preliminary Studies on Macromolecular Hydrocarbons Example.
PublicationThe aim of this work is a theoretical and experimental analysis of the macromolecular hydrocarbons mixtures composition and the impact on thermophysical parameters of the phase change materials (PCM) made from these mixtures. The analysis of the current state of knowledge extended by the author's own studies have been presented. Thermophysical characteristics of the hydrocarbons and their mixtures have been specified, in such a...
-
The Impact of Long-Time Chemical Bonds in Mineral-Cement-Emulsion Mixtures on Stiffness Modulus
PublicationDeep cold in-place recycling is the most popular method of reuse of existing old and deteriorated asphalt layers of road pavements. In Poland, in most cases, the Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixture technology is used, but there are also applications combining foamed bitumen and cement. Mineral-Cement-Emulsion mixtures contain two different binding agents – cement as well as asphalt from the asphalt emulsion. Asphalt creates asphalt...
-
Analysis of odour interactions in model gas mixtures using electronic nose and fuzzy logic
PublicationMeasurement and monitoring of air quality in terms of odour nuisance is an important problem. Although the source of these nuisances is different (e.g. wastewater treatment plants, municipal landfills), their common feature is that they are a complex mixture of odorants with different odour thresholds. An additional problem is occurrence of the odour interactions between mixture components. From a practical point of view, it would...
-
New procedure of silica gel surface modification. Preparation of gaseousstandard mixtures for calibration purposes.
PublicationPrzedstawiono nową procedurę modyfikacji powierzchni żelu krzemionkowego z wykorzystaniem trimetyloaminy jako odczynnika. Próbki chemiczne modyfikowanego nośnika zostały wykorzystane do sporządzenia gazowych mieszanin wzorcowych (chlorek metylu jako składnik mierzony) techniką termicznego rozkładu związków powierzchniowych. Głównym celem badań było sprawdzenia przydatności nowej procedury modyfikacji powierzchni żelu do...
-
Thermophysical properties of the phase change material mixtures – preliminary studies on macromolecular hydrocarbons example.
PublicationThe aim of this work is a theoretical and experimental analysis of the macromolecular hydrocarbon mixtures composition and the impact on thermophysical parameters of the phase change materials (PCM) made from these mixtures. The analysis of the current state of knowledge extended by the author’s own studies have been presented. Thermophysical characteristics of the hydrocarbons and their mixtures have been specified, in such a...
-
Excess molar volume and viscosity deviation for binary mixtures of gamma-butyrolactone with dimethyl sulfoxide
PublicationThe densities of binary liquid mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide and gamma-butyrolactone at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15) K and viscosity at T=298.15 K have been measured at atmospheric pressure over theentire range of concentration. From these data the excess molar volumes VE at (293.15, 298.15, 303.15 and 313.15) K and the viscosity deviation, the excess entropy, and the excess Gibbs energy of activation for viscous flow at...
-
Green TPUs from Prepolymer Mixtures Designed by Controlling the Chemical Structure of Flexible Segments
PublicationThis study concerns green thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) obtained by controlling the chemical structure of flexible segments. Two types of bio-based polyether polyols—poly(trimethylene glycol)s—with average molecular weights ca. 1000 and 2700 Da were used (PO3G1000 and PO3G2700, respectively). TPUs were prepared via a two-step method. Hard segments consisted of 4,4?- diphenylmethane diisocyanates and the bio-based 1,4-butanodiol...
-
Gas mixtures recognition using an array of amperometric gas sensors with drifting or faulty sensors
PublicationIn this study, the possibility of using selected methods for diagnostics of performance of matrix composed with six amperometric electrochemical gas sensors is investigated. Measurements of sensor responses in selected concentrations of single toxic gases or gas mixtures were performed and were repeated over time to show sensor drift. Additionally, the studies on the sensors’ drift were performed. The drift has been recognized...
-
Charakterystyka, przyrządzanie i przechowywanie czynników oddechowych. Characteristics, preparation and storage of breathing mixtures
PublicationOmówiono klasyfikację i metody przygotowania typowych mieszanin gazowych stosowanych podczas nurkowania (tzw. czynniki oddechowe). Obszernie przedstawiono wymagania stawiane czynnikom oddechowym oraz sposoby ich przechowywania.
-
THE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PREPARED MIXTURES OF CRAMBE ABYSSINICA SEED OIL WITH MINERAL AND SYNTHETIC OIL
Publication -
Distinguishing of cocrystals from simple eutectic mixtures: phenolic acids as potential pharmaceutical coformers
PublicationThe multiparameter model comprising 1D and 2D QSPR/QSAR descriptors was proposed and validated for phenolic acid binary systems. This approach is based on the optimization of regression coefficients for maximization of the percentage of true positives in the pool of systems comprising either simple binary eutectics or cocrystals. The training set consisted of 58 eutectics and 168 cocrystals. The solid dispersions collection used...
-
CROSSLINKING OF EPOXY-OLIGOESTERIC MIXTURES IN THE PRESENCE OF DIOXYDIPHENYLPROPANE DIGLYCIDYL ETHER MODIFIED WITH ADIPIC ACID
Publication -
Studies on the solid-liquid equilibria and intermolecular interactions Urea binary mixtures with Sulfanilamide and Sulfacetamide
PublicationThe binary phase diagrams of Sulfanilamide-Urea (SN-U) and Sulfacetamide-Urea (SC-U) were measured using differential scanning calorimetry technique (DSC). Both examined mixtures were found to form simple binary eutectics. The limited miscibility in the solid state observed by DSC, proving inability of co-crystallization in new multi-molecular form, was also confirmed using PXRD and FTIR-ATR measurements of solid dispersions...
-
Physico-chemical properties of three-component mixtures based on chitosan, hyaluronic acid and collagen
Publication -
The dependence of linear viscoelasticity limits of cold-recycled mixtures on time of curing and compaction method
PublicationCold-recycled mixtures are currently among the most widely used and investigated methods that enable recycling of old pavement structures in an environmentally friendly manner. Upon milling, the old pavement structure – whose gradation can be improved with addition of virgin aggregate – is mixed and compacted at ambient temperature. The main binding agents are bituminous emulsion and cement. Due to their dual binding behaviour,...
-
Instrument detection and pose estimation with rigid part mixtures model in video-assisted surgeries
PublicationLocalizing instrument parts in video-assisted surgeries is an attractive and open computer vision problem. A working algorithm would immediately find applications in computer-aided interventions in the operating theater. Knowing the location of tool parts could help virtually augment visual faculty of surgeons, assess skills of novice surgeons, and increase autonomy of surgical robots. A surgical tool varies in appearance due to...
-
Renewable natural resources as green alternative substrates to obtain bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes-review
PublicationCommercially available polyurethanes are synthesized by the polyaddition of diisocyanates with polyols and low molecular weight chain extenders. A new approach to polyurethanes synthesis is realized via non-isocyanate routes. Negative impacts of petroleum-based chemicals on the environment and human health as well as gradual reduction of fuel-based resources, which leads to an increase in their prices, are an incentive to looking...
-
The Impact of Isocyanate Index and Filler Functionalities on the Performance of Flexible Foamed Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites
PublicationThe structure and performance of polyurethane (PU) foams are strongly driven by the stoichiometry of the polyaddition reaction, quantitatively described by the isocyanate index. It determines the balance between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups in the reacting system and is affected by the introduction of additional functionalities originated, e.g., from applied fillers. Nevertheless, this issue is hardly taken into account in research...
-
Performance properties of rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate/brewers’ spent grain foamed composites as function of isocyanate index
PublicationIn the presented work, rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams filled with brewers’ spent grain (BSG) were prepared. The influence of the isocyanate index (II) on its performance was investigated. Foams obtained with higher isocyanate index required a higher amount of hydrofluorocarbon physical blowing agent to provide the same apparent density of material. An increase of isocyanate index resulted in a slight decrease...
-
DETERMINATION OF THE HYDROXYL NUMBER OF GROUND TIRE RUBBER PARTICLES VIA MODIFIED TEST METHOD FOR ISOCYANATE GROUPS
PublicationNowadays, considering the environmental trends and law regulations associated with the circular economy, it is very important to seek for the methods of by-products and waste utilization. The example of such material, which requires the attention and recycling method is ground tire rubber generated during recycling of post-consumer car tires. It can be introduced into various polymer matrices as a filler, but to enhance its effectivity...
-
Synthesis and structural characterization of bio-based bis(cyclic carbonate)s for the preparation of non-isocyanate polyurethanes
PublicationBio-based cyclic carbonates are of significant research interest as monomers for non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) synthesis. This research describes the synthesis of a series of five-membered bis(cyclic carbonate)s using bio-based polyether polyols (PO3G) with different molecular weights (250, 650 and 1000 g mol−1) and carbon dioxide as green feedstocks. The utilization of CO2 as a source of carbon in the chemical reaction is...
-
A small-signal sound speed and parameter of non-linearity B/Ain a ternary mixture. Examples of calculations of mixture consisting of air, water and water vapor
PublicationZostało wyliczone zaburzenie entropii z dokładnością do członów nieliniowych rzędu drugiego. Jedyne założenie ograniczające, toże para wodna i powietrze są gazami doskonałymi. Ostatecznie,parametr nieliniowości i prędkość fali akustycznej przedstawione jako rodzinę krzywych, zależnych od trzech parametrów. Przedstawiono ilustrację tych zależności.
-
Examining Quality of Hand Segmentation Based on Gaussian Mixture Models
PublicationResults of examination of various implementations of Gaussian mix-ture models are presented in the paper. Two of the implementations belonged to the Intel’s OpenCV 2.4.3 library and utilized Background Subtractor MOG and Background Subtractor MOG2 classes. The third implementation presented in the paper was created by the authors and extended Background Subtractor MOG2 with the possibility of operating on the scaled version of...
-
Gaussian Mixture Decomposition of Time-Course DNA Microarray Data
Publication -
Syntheses, chemical strustures and properties of poly(ester-etherurethane)s crosslinked with styrene, synthesized from unsaturated oligo(alkylene ester-ether)diols and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate
PublicationMetodą dwuetapową, w reakcji syntezy wytworzonych uprzednio oligo(alkilenoestro-etero)dioli (OAEE) z 4,4'-diizocyjanianem difenylometanu (MDI) otrzymano nowe nienasycone poli(estro-eterouretany) (NPEEUR), które następnie poddano sieciowaniu styrenem wobec inicjatorów polimeryzacji rodnikowej: nadtlenku metyloetyloketonu (MEKPO) i 2-etylocykloheksanianu kobaltu (EtHCo). Usieciowane PEEUR scharakteryzowano na podstawie badań wytrzymałości...
-
Effect of some organic solvent - water mixtures composion on precipitated calcium carbonate in carbonation process
PublicationPrecipitated calcium carbonate particles were obtained during carbonation of calcium hydroxide slurry with carbon dioxide. Aqueous solutions of isopropyl alcohol, n-butanol and glycerol were used as solvents. Concentration of organic additives in the reactive mixture was from 0 to 20 % (vol.). Precipitation process were performed in a stirred tank reactor equipped with gas distributor. Multimodal courses of particles size distribution...
-
Perfectly Wetting Mixtures of Surfactants from Renewable Resources: The Interaction and Synergistic Effects on Adsorption and Micellization
PublicationThis paper presents a study of the surface properties of mixtures of surfactants originating from renewable sources, i.e., alkylpolyglucoside (APG), ethoxylated fatty alcohol (AE), and sodium soap (Na soap). The main objective was to optimize the surfactant ratio which produces the highest wetting properties during the analysis of the solution of the individual surfactants, twoand three-component mixtures, and at different pH values....
-
Application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model gas mixtures using electronic nose
PublicationThe paper presents the possibility of application of fuzzy logic to determine the odour intensity of model, ternary gas mixtures (α-pinene, toluene and triethylamine) using electronic nose prototype. The results obtained using fuzzy logic algorithms were compared with the values obtained using multiple linear regression (MLR) model and sensory analysis. As the results of the studies, it was found the electronic nose prototype along...
-
Determination of Odour Interactions in Gaseous Mixtures Using Electronic Nose Methods with Artificial Neural Networks
PublicationThis paper presents application of an electronic nose prototype comprised of eight sensors, five TGS-type sensors, two electrochemical sensors and one PID-type sensor, to identify odour interaction phenomenon in two-, three-, four- and five-component odorous mixtures. Typical chemical compounds, such as toluene, acetone, triethylamine, α-pinene and n-butanol, present near municipal landfills and sewage treatment plants were subjected...
-
The exposure to UV filters: Prevalence, effects, possible molecular mechanisms of action and interactions within mixtures
PublicationSubstances that can absorb sunlight and harmful UV radiation such as organic UV filters are widely used in cosmetics and other personal care products. Since humans use a wide variety of chemicals for multiple purposes it is common for UV filters to co-occur with other substances either in human originating specimens or in the environment. There is increasing interest in understanding such co-occurrence in form of potential synergy, antagonist,...
-
Uncertainty of antioxidant profiling in complex mixtures using liquid chromatography involving post-column derivatisation
PublicationThe main goal of this paper is to discuss the problems associated with antioxidant profiling in complex samples using a high-throughput HPLC system coupled with post-column derivatisation reactor. Based on the experimental data reported in the literature, we demonstrated that improper optimisation of temperature and/or pH assay conditions performed using an on-line derivatisation reactor may substantially change the antioxidant...
-
Investigation of tetrabutylammonium bromide-glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents and their mixtures with water by spectroscopic techniques
PublicationDeep eutectic solvents (DES) are formed by an acceptor and a donor of hydrogen bonds. They are generally considered as a possible alternative to hazardous organic solvents in various fields. Very recently they have also appeared in analytical chemistry, used mainly for the separation of analytes before instrumental quantification. For the development of new extraction procedures, it is important, among other things, to understand...
-
Closer look into the structures of tetrabutylammonium bromide–glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents and their mixtures with water
PublicationIn recent years, deep eutectic solvents (DES) and it’s mixture with water have become more and more attention as green solvents used in chemistry. However, there are only a few theoretical studies on the mechanisms of pure DES and DES-water complex formation. Therefore, the structural properties of tetrabutylammonium bromide–glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents and their mixtures with water have been investigated by means of Molecular...
-
Effects of Immobilized RAP Binder on Asphalt-Aggregate Interaction and Performance of 100% Recycled Asphalt Mixtures
Publication -
Rozwój technik sporządzania gazowych mieszanin wzorcowych = Development of techniques of generation gaseous standard mixtures
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono rozwój dostępnych technik sporządzania gazowych mieszanin wzorcowych oraz informację na temat nowego podejścia do tego zagadnienia. W tym przypadku strumień składnika mierzonego (analitu) jest otrzymywany w procesie termicznego rozkładu związków powierzchniowych powstałych w trakcie procesu chemicznej modyfikacji powierzchni odpowiedniego stałego nośnika.
-
Detection and segmentation of moving vehicles and trains using Gaussian mixtures, shadow detection and morphological processing
PublicationSolution presented in this paper combines background modelling, shadow detection and morphological and temporal processing into one system responsible for detection and segmentation of moving objects recorded with a static camera. Vehicles and trains are detected based on their pixellevel difference from the continually updated background model utilizing a Gaussian mixture calculated separately for every pixel. The shadow detection...
-
Exploring the Solubility Limits of Edaravone in Neat Solvents and Binary Mixtures: Experimental and Machine Learning Study
PublicationThis study explores the edaravone solubility space encompassing both neat and binary dissolution media. Efforts were made to reveal the inherent concentration limits of common pure and mixed solvents. For this purpose, the published solubility data of the title drug were scrupulously inspected and cured, which made the dataset consistent and coherent. However, the lack of some important types of solvents in the collection called...
-
Limited selectivity of amperometric gas sensors operating in multicomponent gas mixtures and methods of selectivity improvement
PublicationIn recent years, smog and poor air quality have became a growing environmental problem. There is a need to continuously monitor the quality of the air. The lack of selectivity is one of the most important problems limiting the use of gas sensors for this purpose. In this study, the selectivity of six amperometric gas sensors is investigated. First, the sensors were calibrated in order to find a correlation between the concentration...
-
Towards large-scale application of nanoporous materials in membranes for separation of energy-relevant gas mixtures
PublicationMembranes containing nanoporous materials (such as zeolites, metal–organic materials and 2D materials such as graphene derivatives) may allow more efficient separation of gas mixtures relevant to emerging energy technologies. For example, such membranes could be applied in the separation of gases containing mixtures of carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2). However, these membranes are currently at a relatively low technology...
-
The influence of 4,4'-bis(6-hydroxyhexoxy)biphenyl moieties on properties of polyurethanes based on 4,4'-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate)
PublicationZsyntetyzowano dwie serie poliuretanów z 4,4'-bis(6-hydroksyheksyloksy)bifenylu (BH6), poliadypinianu 1,6-heksylenu i diizocyjanianu 4,4'-dicykloheksylometanu o udziałach izomeru trans, wynoszącym odpowiednio 16 i 46%. Badano wpływ udziału wagowego (u) małocząsteczkowego diolu(BH6)w odniesieniu do sumy mas komonomerów diolowych, na właściwości uzyskanych poliuretanów metodami DSC, DTA, TGA, mikroskopii polaryzacyjnej, WAXS, DMTA...