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Imidazole-Based Lithium Salt LiHDI as a Solid Electrolyte Interphase-Stabilising Additive for Lithium-Conducting Electrolytes
PublikacjaLithium salt LiHDI (lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(n-heptafluoropropyl)imidazolide) is proposed as a solid electrolyte interphase-stabilising additive for lithium-ion batteries, which can be added in a smaller amount than fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and vinylene carbonate (VC) additives. Electrolytes containing either lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolide (LiTDI) or battery-standard LiPF6 were tested with various amounts...
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Solubility of Carbon Dioxide in Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on 3-Amino-1-Propanol and Tetraalkylammonium Salts at Low Pressure
PublikacjaDeep eutectic solvents (DESs) became an object of a great interest as an alternative to ionic liquids (ILs) and commonly used in CO2 capture amine solutions. In the present study, five different DESs based on 3-amino-1-propanol as physical-chemical CO2 absorbents were used. The composition was chosen in order to estimate the effects of hydrogen bond acceptor:hydrogen bond donor (HBA:HBD) molar ratio, anion type and length of alkyl...
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Wzmocnienie przestrzennych dźwigarów kratowych z zastosowaniem dodatkowego podparcia i sprężenia
PublikacjaPodczas obowiązkowego przeglądu technicznego obiektu budowlanego stwierdzone zostały deformacje stalowych prętów wykratowania przestrzennych dźwigarów dachowych. Opinie techniczne dotyczące stanu technicznego potwierdziły wstępnie wykryte nieprawidłowości i nakazywały podjęcie kroków zaradczych w postaci opracowania koncepcji naprawy, a w jej ślad projektu budowlanego i wykonawczego. Do czasu naprawy obiekt został dopuszczony do...
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Badania eksperymentalne słupów CFST z betonem zwykłym i ekspansywnym
PublikacjaPraca przedstawia badania eksperymentalne ponad 40 słupów CFST. Analizie poddano wyniki siły niszczącej słupy w aspekcie grubości stalowego płaszcza, smukłości słupa, rodzaju betonu wypełniającego stalową rurę (zwykły i ekspansywny) i jego wytrzymałości a także sposobu obciążania słupa (przez rdzeń lub przez cały przekrój). Sprawdzono efektywność słupów CFST z użyciem betonu ekspansywnego i zwykłego rozumianą jako stosunek nośności...
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Electric shock hazard in circuits with variable-speed drives
PublikacjaThe conventional approach to electrical safety under fault condition in typical power systems considers earth fault currents of sinusoidal waveform and frequency of 50/60 Hz. However, in circuits with variable-speed drives, there is earth fault current flow with harmonics, and these harmonics influence the threshold of ventricular fibrillation. The paper presents earth fault current waveforms in circuits with variable-speed drives...
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Using LSTM networks to predict engine condition on large scale data processing framework
PublikacjaAs the Internet of Things technology is developing rapidly, companies have an ability to observe the health of engine components and constructed systems through collecting signals from sensors. According to output of IoT sensors, companies can build systems to predict the conditions of components. Practically the components are required to be maintained or replaced before the end of life in performing their assigned task. Predicting...
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Computer System for Evaluation of Shock Hazard in Circuits with Non-sinusoidal Earth Currents
PublikacjaEffects of current on people are mainly considered for 50/60 Hz sinusoidal current and smooth direct current. However, modern low voltage circuits are very often equipped with power electronics converters – rectifiers, frequency converters, therefore non-sinusoidal earth currents (touch currents) occur. For non-sinusoidal currents safety criteria should be modified. This paper presents a computer system, based on LabVIEW environment,...
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Service-based Resilience via Shared Protection in Mission-critical Embedded Networks
PublikacjaMission-critical networks, which for example can be found in autonomous cars and avionics, are complex systems with a multitude of interconnected embedded nodes and various service demands. Their resilience against failures and attacks is a crucial property and has to be already considered in their design phase. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach for optimal joint service allocation and routing, leveraging virtualized...
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A concept of zero-dimensional and three-dimensional thermodynamic modelling of steam storage in a steam cycle
PublikacjaThis work presents the thermodynamic model of steam storage in a steam cycle. The innovative steam storage is an integral part of the unit and thus responds quickly to changes in load. This enhances the primary control reserve while maintaining high efficiency of energy conversion. With regard to power plants, it improves the operational safety of generation units, as it prevents boiler and turbines overload in the case of steep...
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Ground tire rubber functionalization as a promising approach for the production of sustainable adsorbents of environmental pollutants
PublikacjaWaste tires management and further utilization are currently one of the biggest concerns regarding the environment and human health protection. At present, shredding, grinding, or pulverization of waste tires are the most popular options for industrial recycling. Although many solutions for ground tire rubber (GTR) applications were checked and verified so far, their further implementation at an industrial scale is still very limited....
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Acoustic journal bearing - A search for adequate configuration
PublikacjaClassical non-contact bearings are already used in a number of specialist applications but there are somespecialist areas where they cannot be used for variety of reasons and acoustic sliding bearings could be an alternative. The paper presents the quest for a configuration of an acoustic journal bearing and shows that the overall shape of the bearing and its geometry are of a vital importance for the load capacity oft he bearing....
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Application of the ‘CPT 2012’model of AFNOR standard for column design in Poland–Jazowa case study
Publikacjahis paper presents the ‘CPT 2012’ model incorporated into the AFNOR NF P94-262:2012-07, French standard for pile design fully compatible with Eurocode 7, to the wider Polish audience. The bearing capacity of three reference columns for Vistula Marshlands have been calculated according to ‘CPT 2012’ model and AFNOR recommendations. Then, the design resistances have been compared with ultimate column bearing capacity measured during...
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Zagrożenie katastrofą budowlaną Mostu Uniwersyteckiego w Bydgoszczy. Analiza i badania
PublikacjaMost Uniwersytecki został zamknięty po 7 latach od oddania do użytku. Powodem były błędy projektowe ujawnione w przeglądzie w roku 2020, potwierdzone teoretycznymi analizami nośności. Bezpośrednim powodem zamknięcia przeprawy było stwierdzenie zagrożenia katastrofą budowlaną. W roku 2021, zgodnie z zaleceniem i koncepcją ekspercką, krytyczne elementy konstrukcji mostu zostały wzmocnione. W styczniu 2022 most został przywrócony...
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Large magnetoresistance and first-order phase transition in antiferromagnetic single-crystalline EuAg4Sb2
Publikacjapresent the results of a thorough investigation of the physical properties of single crystals using magnetization, heat capacity, and electrical resistivity measurements. High-quality single crystals, which crystallize in a trigonal structure with space group , were grown using a conventional flux method. Temperature-dependent magnetization measurements along different crystallographic orientations confirm two antiferromagnetic...
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Enhancing Resilience of FSO Networks to Adverse Weather Conditions
PublikacjaOptical wireless networks realized by means of gigabit optical wireless communication (OWC) systems are becoming, in a variety of applications, an important alternative, or a complementary solution, to their fiber-based counterparts. However, performance of the OWC systems can be considerably degraded in periods of unfavorable weather conditions, such as heavy fog, which temporarily reduce the effective capacity of the network....
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New concept of drilling auger for displacement pile installation
PublikacjaIn 2020, a new version of the screw displacement auger for pile installation in soil was developed and patented in Poland. It was named DPDT (Displacement Pile Drilling Tool). The general aim of its development was to reduce the soil resistances to the auger during screwing into the ground while maintaning a good load-bearing capacity for the screw displacement piles. The “DPDT-Auger” prototype was tested as a scaled-down model...
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Vibro piles performance prediction using result of CPT
PublikacjaVibro piles belong to the group of full displacement piles with an expanded base, characterised by a very high load capacity, especially in non-cohesive soils. The problem is to adopt a reliable method for the determination of full load–settlement (Q–s) curve. A frequent difficulty is the determination of the load capacity limit based on the static load test because the course of the load–settlement curve is of a linear nature....
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The impact of air humidity on the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells determined using dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy
PublikacjaThis paper describes the changes in the fuel cell impedance across a range of current loads and humidity changes. The changes of each equivalent circuit parameters representing specific processes occurring in fuel cells, as a function of humidity and current changes, were determined. Within the combined scope of current and humidity, the optimal working conditions of the cells were determined, corresponding to the lowest impedance...
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The electronic characterization of the cubic Laves-phase superconductor CaRh2
PublikacjaWe present the synthesis and experimental characterization of the electronic properties of the cubic Laves phase superconductor CaRh2. Its crystal structure was confirmed by powder X-ray diffraction and its ambient temperature lattice parameter (a = 7.5326(6) Å) is in good agreement with the literature. Magnetization, resistivity and heat-capacity measurements indicate that CaRh2 is a moderate-coupling type-II superconductor (λe-p = 0.89)...
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Towards a Smart Sustainable City Roadmap
PublikacjaThis workshop of the CAP4CITY (Erasmus+ Strengthening Governance Capacity for Smart Sustainable Cities) project is to promote and stimulate the discussion and networking in the area of Digital Government. Smart Sustainable Cities and related concepts of Digital, Intelligent and Smart Cities represent a progression of how cities around the world apply digital technology to serve their populations, pursue sustainable socio-economic...
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Uproszone modelowanie sieci dystrybucyjnej na potrzeby analiz przyłączeniowych
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono rozważania na temat sposobu modelowania sieci średniego (SN) i niskiego (nn) napięcia na potrzeby wykonywania analiz przyłączeniowych przez operatorów sieci dystrybucyjnej. Przeprowadzono dyskusję na temat możliwych do wykonania uproszczeń w modelowaniu sieci, które są do zaakceptowania z punktu widzenia uzyskiwanego wyniku końcowego. Głównym elementem wymuszającym uproszenia w modelowaniu jest środowisko...
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Sensorless predictive control of three-phase parallel active filter
PublikacjaThe paper presents the control system of parallel active power filter (APF) with predictive reference current calculation and model based predictive current control. The novel estimator and predictor of grid emf is proposed for AC voltage sensorless operation of APF, regardless of distortion of this voltage. Proposed control system provides control of APF current with high precision and dynamics limited only by filter circuit parameters....
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Reactive Energy Billing in Operator Tariffs in Poland
PublikacjaThe paper describes the current method of reactive energy billing in the tariffs of distribution grid operators in Poland. The current solutions are subject to critical assessment. Issues related to the motivation effect of the current solutions on consumers are analysed. Problems that occur in relation with connecting distributed generators to the distribution grid and challenges related to prosumer billing are indicated.
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BADANIE MOŻLIWOŚCI SYMULACYJNYCH ŚRODOWISKA ‘MININET’ POD KĄTEM WSPARCIA PROTOKOŁU NETCONF
PublikacjaNiniejszy artykuł został poświęcony zagadnieniu wykorzystania środowiska emulacyjnego Mininet do testowania mechanizmów działania protokołu NETCONF. Omówiono w nim projekt inżynierski, którego wynikiem było zaimplementowanie wirtualnego środowiska, umożliwiającego prowadzenie takich badań. Opisano także wyniki testów emulacji dwóch pierścieniowych domen sieciowych, składających się z 30 węzłów.
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A review on gasification and pyrolysis of waste plastics
PublikacjaGasification and pyrolysis are thermal processes for converting carbonaceous substances into tar, ash, coke, char, and gas. Pyrolysis produces products such as char, tar, and gas, while gasification transforms carbon-containing products (e.g., the products from pyrolysis) into a primarily gaseous product. The composition of the products and their relative quantities are highly dependent on the configuration of the overall process...
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Human System Interaction in Review: Advancing the Artificial Intelligence Transformation
PublikacjaThe industrial advancement of human society has been fundamentally driven by diverse ‘systems’ that facilitate ‘human interaction’ within physical, digital, virtual, social and artificial environments, and upon the hyper-connected layers of system-system interactions across these environments. The research and practice of Human System Interaction (HSI) has undergone exponential development due to the enhanced capabilities, increased...
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ANALIZA PRZEPUSTOWOŚCI WYBRANEGO UKŁADU TOROWEGO W PRZESTRZENI CZĘŚCIOWO – UPORZĄDKOWANEJ
PublikacjaNa sieci kolejowej istotny wpływ na płynność ruchu mają odpowiednio usytuowane odcinki odstępowe. Z podobną sytuacją mamy do czynienia przy modernizacji stacji kolejowych i tworzeniu nowych rozwiązań, w których należy uwzględnić prognozy rozwoju ruchu na danym elemencie sieci kolejowej. Jednak w przypadku stacji sytuacja staje się dużo bardziej skomplikowana i kosztowna, gdyż poprawa przepustowości wymaga istotnych zmian organizacyjnych...
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Thermodynamic Characteristics of Phenacetin in Solid State and Saturated Solutions in Several Neat and Binary Solvents
PublikacjaThe thermodynamic properties of phenacetin in solid state and in saturated conditions in neat and binary solvents were characterized based on differential scanning calorimetry and spectroscopic solubility measurements. The temperature-related heat capacity values measured for both the solid and melt states were provided and used for precise determination of the values for ideal solubility, fusion thermodynamic functions, and...
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New ceramic materials derived from pyrolyzed poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane) and starch as a potential anode for Li-ion batteries
PublikacjaNewmaterialswere obtained by pyrolysis of starch (S) and poly(1,2-dimethylsilazane) (PSN) (weight ratio: PSN/S 30/70) at temperature a) 500 °C, b) 700 °C and c) 900 °C. Ceramic materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, TGA, Raman spectroscopy and SEM. New Si\O and shifted Si\C stretching vibration modes emerged confirming direct interaction between silicon originating fromsilazane and oxygen coming fromstarch. The...
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Investigation and operation problems of metal tanks in Poland
PublikacjaThe paper consists of three parts concerned with steel cylindrical, vertical tank for liquid fuel. In the first part the present trends in tank design and building in Poland are described. The main are: · reduction of environment contamination danger caused by tank leakage and hydrocarbons evaporation, · increasing capacity of new tanks (100000 m3 and more) due to economic factor - reduction of steel amount per m3 of storage capacity....
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Characterization of 1,3-alternate calix[4]arene-silica bonded stationary phases and their comparison to selected commercial columns by using principal component analysis
PublikacjaTwelve calix[4]arene stationary phases in 1,3-alternate conformation, synthesized in the authors laboratory, were characterized in terms of their surface coverage, hydrophobic selectivity, aromatic selectivity, shape selectivity, hydrogen bonding capacity and ion-exchange capacity. The set of tests commonly used for evaluation of commercially available stationary phases was applied to assess fundamental chromatographic properties...
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Przekształtnik prądu jako sterownik w układach napędowych z silnikami indukcyjnymi
PublikacjaThe circuits used for power conversion applied in drives with electric machines are classified into two groups: voltage source inverters (VSI) and current source inverters (CSI). Application of the current source inverter results in better properties of drive than application of voltage source inverter because there is no output filter. The development of power electronics and especially the IGBTs, in which on/off-times are very...
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Method of earth fault loop impedance measurement without nuisance tripping of RCDs in 3-phase low-voltage circuits
PublikacjaVerification of electrical safety in low-voltage power systems includes the measurement of earth fault loop impedance. This measurement is performed to verify the effectiveness of protection against indirect contact. The widespread classic methods and meters use a relatively high value of the measuring current (5–20) A, so that they are a source of nuisance tripping of residual current devices (RCDs). The meters dedicated to circuits...
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Stanowisko do diagnostyki i regulacji wyzwalaczy przekaźników w obwodach lokomotyw elektrycznych
PublikacjaFast circuit breaker and protective relays play an important role of protecting locomotive’s electrical circuits from damage caused by short circuit or overload. Undisturbed operation and proper circuit protection depends on the technical condition and fine calibration of the over-current trips. Therefore the relays should be subject to periodic inspection and adjustment due to locomotive maintenance schedule. A test stand for...
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Preliminary Results from the Removal of Phosphorus Compounds with Selected Sorption Material
PublikacjaDue to the resources of phosphorous are limited and are exhausted in the next 30 years the management of the resources is become current issue. Most of the phosphorus compounds is lost forever, because it is discharged with sewage into surface waters, causing eutrophication and in this way causing a further problem and challenge. On the other hand, there is a considerable need for phosphorus compounds, primarily in bioavailable...
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Przygotowanie przemysłowego obiektu o stalowej konstrukcji nośnej do remontu po pożarze
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono warunki i sposób podejścia do naprawy stalowej konstrukcji nośnej kilkukondygnacyjnego obiektu przemysłowego, który uległ uszkodzeniu w wyniku oddziaływania wysokiej temperatury pożaru. Omówiono rodzaje badań i sprawdzeń oraz sposób przeprowadzenia kontroli konstrukcji, które stały się podstawą do wydania oceny technicznej o możliwości odbudowy i remontu obiektu, bez jego nadmiernej rozbiórki. Wskazany...
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Wykorzystanie metod symulacyjnych w modelowaniu morsko – lądowych łańcuchów dostaw na przykładzie DCT
PublikacjaArtykuł jest kolejnym etapem badań w zakresie modelowania lądowo – morskich łańcuchów dostaw. Badania miały na celu sprawdzenie płynności operacyjnej w terminalu kontenerowym na podstawie symulacji ruchu jednostek w założonym czasie z wykorzystaniem metody Monte Carlo. Płynność operacyjna terminalu była badana w oparciu o wskaźnik zajętości placu składowego przy założonych początkowych poziomach wypełnienia placu oraz zapotrzebowanie...
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Report of Eurocode 7 application for pile foundation design in Poland
PublikacjaThe EC7 rules of geotechnical design are in use in Poland for several years, even though there is no National annex. With regard to pile foundations, there are valid EC7 recommendations concerning design approaches, load partial coefficients, correlation coefficients and capacity partial coefficients. Polish designers can be quite flexible when it comes to choose a method for static, bearing capacity and settlement calculations....
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Effective Short -term Forecasting of Wind Farms Power
PublikacjaForecasting a specific wind farm's generation capacity within a 24 hour perpective requires both a reliable forecast of wind, as well as supporting tools. This tool is a dedicated model of wind farm power. This model should include not only general rules of wind to mechanical energy conversion, but also the farm's specific features. This paper present analytical, statistical, and neuron models of wind farm power. The study is based...
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Hard carbon derived from rice husk as low cost negative electrodes in Na-ion batteries
PublikacjaHere, we report the synthesis of hard carbon materials (RH) made from natural rice husk through a single pyrolysis process and their application as an anode in sodium-ion batteries. The studies show that the electrochemical properties of RHs are affected by the treatment temperatures, which determine the materials morphology, in particular, their degree of graphitization and extent of continuous channels (nanovoids). The latter...
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Rapana venosa consumption improves the lipid profiles and antioxidant capacities in serum of rats fed an atherogenic diet
PublikacjaIn the recent years, the consumption of seafood has increased. There are no results on the studies of Rapana venosa (Rv) as a supplementation to the diets. We hypothesized that Rv would increase antioxidant capacity and reduce blood lipids, based on the composition of bioactive compounds and fatty acids. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo actions of Rv from contaminated (C) and non-C (NC)...
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SEI Growth and Depth Profiling on ZFO Electrodes by Soft X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy
PublikacjaZnFe2O4 (ZFO) Li-ion batteries (LIBs) represent a reliable, affordable, and safe energy storage technology for use in portable application. However, current LIB active materials (graphite, lithium/transition metal spinel or layered oxides, olivine structures) can store only limited energy since they rely on insertion storage based on solid-state host-guest interactions. Moreover, performances and durability of the cells are strongly...
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Evaluation of long‑term immunity and protection against T. gondii after immunization with multivalent recombinant chimeric T. gondii proteins
PublikacjaToxoplasmosis caused by the opportunistic, cosmopolitan protozoan Toxoplasma gondii is one of the most common parasitoses in the world. Although it may prove dangerous or even fatal for immunocompromised individuals, immunoprophylaxis for humans is still nonexistent. Thus, the aim of the current work was to assess the ability of two immunogenic recombinant chimeric T. gondii proteins, SAG2-GRA1-ROP1 (SGR) and SAG1-MIC1-MAG1-GRA2...
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Battery Technologies in Electric Vehicles: Improvements in Electric Battery Packs
PublikacjaRestrictions on fossil fuels and related environmental pollution issues motivate many organizations and countries to set their focus on electric vehicles (EVs) rather than conventional internal combustion engine vehicles [1], [2]. EVs require an energy storage system to store converted electric power in another form of energy and then reconvert the stored energy to electric power whenever it is required. The energy stored can be...
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Hybrid Multi-Criteria Method of Analyzing the Location of Distributed Renewable Energy Sources
PublikacjaThis paper presents the development and the application of a hybrid multi-criteria method, the combination of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and numerical taxonomy (NT),to support the decision making on the location of distributed renewable energy sources meetingvarious types of assessment criteria. Finding criteria weights, using the AHP method, eliminates thedisadvantage of NT—which, in current form, is defined by its...
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Technical and Economic Analysis of the Implementation of Selected Variants of Road Investment
PublikacjaThe aim of the article is to analyze three variants of modernization and reconstruction of a road intersection, which in practice is the cause of numerous collisions and accidents. Detailed design solutions are presented for them. The aim of the analyses is to indicate an effective solution that, taking into account technical modifications of the road system elements, will ensure the functionality of the road system to the highest...
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The Impact of EU Funds on the Development of Business Environment Institutions – Research Results in Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland
PublikacjaThe paper presents the main findings of the research conducted to assess the impact of EU funds on development of business environment infrastructure in Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland, and – indirectly – on the growth of the innovation capacity of Pomeranian entrepreneurs. The research shows that support of ROP PV 2007-2013 contributed to the creation of multifunctional business infrastructure throughout the Pomorskie Voivodship,...
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The influence of accumulation area and the length of pedestrian route on functioning of roundabouts with traffic signals
Publikacjatraffic volumes. This kind of intersection is commonly used in the centres of Polish cities on multilane roads and fairly common in the case of tram lines running through a central island. The increase of traffic flow volumes on left turn and U-turn has made this type of roundabout difficult to operate. Small storage areas around central islands are critical places that significantly influence the capacity of this kind of intersection....
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Quasi-discrete modelling of PMSM phase currents in drives with low switching-to-fundamental frequency ratio
PublikacjaThis study proposes a new quasi-discrete approach to modelling the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The quasi-discrete modelling reflects the impact of continuous rotor movement, which takes place during a control cycle, on the shape of motor current waveforms. This provides much improvement in current modelling accuracy under inverter low switching-to-fundamental frequency operation. The proposed approach may be used...
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Advanced super-hydrophobic polymer-based porous absorbents for the treatment of oil-polluted water
PublikacjaThe threat of environmental pollution caused by spilled oil is rapidly increasing along with the expansion of oil exploration, the development of maritime activities and industrial growth. Oil spill incidents usually affect seriously the ecosystem and human life. Therefore, the treatment and recovery of the oil spill have been considered as an ultra-important issue to protect the environment and to minimize its negative impacts...