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The Effects of Pin Profile on HDPE Thermomechanical Phenomena during FSW
PublikacjaFriction stir welding (FSW) of polymeric materials has recently attracted significant attention. Herein, we present the effect of the tool pin profile on the FSW of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) joints through joint experimental analysis and thermomechanical simulations. For analysis of pin profile effects on the thermomechanical properties of HDPE joints, frustum (FPT), cubic (CPT), and triangular (TPT) pin shapes were selected...
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Market Price Prediction of Property Rights from Gas Fired Plants or Plants with Total Installed CHP Source Capacity Below 1 MW until 2025
PublikacjaThe resolution on the Polish Energy Policy until 2030 (PEP-30) was adopted by the Council of Ministers on 10 November 2009. The document specifies the combined electricity and heat generation as a direction of pursuing the goals of energy efficiency, fuel and energy supply security, competitive fuel and energy markets development, and reduction of the energy sector’s environmental impact. PEP-30 assumes that electricity generation...
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Pin Angle Thermal Effects on Friction Stir Welding of AA5058 Aluminum Alloy: CFD Simulation and Experimental Validation
PublikacjaThe friction stir welding (FSW) of tool pin geometry plays a critical role in the final properties of the produced joint. The tool pin geometry directly affects the generation of heat and the flow of internal materials during the FSW process. The effects of the FSW tool pin angle on heat generation and internal flow have not been quantitatively investigated in detail. In this manuscript, a validated Computational Fluid Dynamic...
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Problemy modelowania liczby podróży generowanych i absorbowanych na przykładzie Gdańska
PublikacjaJedną z podstawowych danych niezbędnych do planowania elementów systemu transportowego jest informacja o liczbie podróży odbywanych na analizowanym obszarze. Dane te uzyskiwane są najczęściej za pomocą symulacyjnych modeli transportowych. Jednym z istotnych elementów i pierwszym etapem najczęściej stosowanego, klasycznego modelu czterostopniowego jest modelowanie liczby podróży generowanych i absorbowanych, podczas którego to...
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Generowanie modeli symulacyjnych na potrzeby systemu ekspertowego wspomagającego projektowanie układów automatyki statku
PublikacjaOmówiono automatyczne generowanie modeli symulacyjnych na potrzeby systemu ekspertowego wspomagającego projektowanie układów automatyki statków. Na podstawie przyjętych założeń projektowych system ekspertowy zleca badania wybranych struktur podsystemów elektroenergetycznych statków. Aplikacja symulacyjna pobiera z biblioteki modele matematyczne elementów składowych struktur, a następnie zestawia modele symulacyjne, wykonuje badania...
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The conducted EMI in DC-DC converters
PublikacjaThis book presents the phenomena of conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) generation in DC-DC converters. The measurement and simulation are used to analyze the impact of the most important parameters on the character, level and propagation path of interference. In this book, the analysis of the interference generation and propagation is presented on the example of three basic converters. The wide banded behavior of all...
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Voltage control in a power system with renewable sources of energy
PublikacjaIntensive development of distributed generation in power systems, caused by the European Union energy policy, gives possibility for improving safety in power delivery as well as optimizing the costs of the systems functioning. In this context, distributed generation can be used for voltage control in power systems – it can be performed by the control of reactive power of each source of energy or a group of energy sources. This...
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The Influence of Cooperation on the Operation of an MPC Controller Pair in a Nuclear Power Plant Turbine Generator Set
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the problem of cooperation between multiple model predictive control (MPC) systems. This approach aims at improving the control quality in electrical energy generation and forms the next step in a series of publications by the authors focusing on the optimization and control of electric power systems. Cooperation and cooperative object concepts in relation to a multi MPC system are defined and a cooperative control...
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Bioreactors and biophoton-driven biohydrogen production strategies
PublikacjaGiven the current issues with global warming and rising greenhouse gas emissions, biohydrogen is a viable alternative fuel option. Technologies to produce biohydrogen include photo fermentation, dark fermentation, direct and indirect bio-photolysis, and two-stage fermentation. Biological hydrogen generation is a green and promising technique with mild reaction conditions and low energy consumption compared to thermochemical and...
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Dynamic analysis of the impact of the wind spectrum according to the theory of Davenport for lightweight structures of the roof in sports hall Czyzyna in Cracow.
PublikacjaThe main aim of this analysis is to characterize numerical simulations connected with modeling dynamic influence of wind on the lightweight structures of the roof in sports hall – “Czyżyna”. This hall is built in Cracow. The article also involves the proposals of the solutions connected with dynamic influence of the wind – Davenport’s method has been used. These proposals have not been taken into consideration at the detailed engineering...
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Applying Web 2.0 Concepts to Creating Energy Planning Portal
PublikacjaCommunity authorities in Europe are tasked to create Advanced Local Energy Plans (ALEP), which encompasses collecting local data on current energy use and generation, as well as generating future development scenarios. Both the data and the development scenarios must be publicly accessible as a basis for energy-related decisions taken by residents, local companies and other local institutions. The data must partially be collected...
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Photovoltaic properties of cadmium selenide–titanyl phthalocyanine planar heterojunction devices
PublikacjaPhotovoltaic phenomenon taking place in cadmium selenide (CdSe)/titanyl phthalocyanine (TiOPc) planar heterojunction devices is described. Mechanisms of free charge carrier generation and their recombination in the dark and under illumination are analyzed, chosen photovoltaic parameters are presented.
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Formowanie wektorów napięcia wyjściowego w pięciofazowych falownikach napięcia
PublikacjaW falownikach pięciofazowych, załączenie wektorów aktywnych powoduje jednoczesne formowane dwóch, zależnych od siebie wektorów napięcia wyjściowego. Sterowanie pięciofazowymi silnikami indukcyjnymi wymaga, aby wektory te miały ściśle określone długości i położenia. Niezależne formowanie dwóch wektorów napięcia o parametrach określonych w układzie sterowania silnikiem wymaga zastosowania odpowiedniej strategii Modulacji Szerokości...
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High Frequency Conducted Emission in AC Motor Drives Fed By Frequency Converters: Sources and Propagation Paths
PublikacjaProvides a concise and thorough reference for designing electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives Electrical and electronic systems that employ adjustable speed drives are being increasingly used in present-day automation applications. They are considered by many application engineers as one of the most interfering components, especially in a contemporarily faced industrial environment. This book fills...
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Analysis of activity of people using motion sensors
PublikacjaThe article presents the designed and implemented system for activity monitoring of people using passive motion sensors and methods for activity maps generation. In the paper he method is presented and results obtained for simulated data and for data from observations with the participation of people.
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Digital microcontroller for sonar waveform generator
PublikacjaGenerating sounding signals is essential for the operation of active sonar. The system should be highly reliable. This can be achieved through architecture, communication between the devices, and a well-designed and self–testing software. The system presented in the article is responsible for the generation of hydroacoustic sounding signals, and ensures proper interaction between power amplifiers and power supplies. Thanks to its...
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Operating system security by integrity checking and recovery using write-protected storage
PublikacjaThe paper presents an Integrity Checking and Recovery (ICAR) system which protects file system integrity and automatically restores modified files. The system enables files cryptographic hashes generation and verification, as well as configuration of security constraints. All of the crucial data, including ICAR system binaries, file backups and hashes database are stored in a physically write protected storage to eliminate the...
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Advances in CSI-fed induction motor drives
PublikacjaThe application of current source inverters (CSI)in induction motor (IM) drives offers a number of advantages,including: voltage boosting capability, natural shoot-throughshort-circuit protection and generation of sinusoidal voltages.The exact generation of sinusoidal voltages is possible thanks tothanks to the effect of the output ac filter capacitors and mayimprove the accuracy of sensorless IM control. The eliminationof high...
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E-experiments in physics. Proper business process management, collaborative development process and project management guidance – remedy for avoiding the main IT project’s failure
PublikacjaOnly a few of learning aids and simulations of physical phenomena allow for building interactive experiments; experiments similar to those that should be conducted in physics laboratories at schools. Group of staff from Gdansk University of Technology decided to fill this market niche by designing and constructing a set of virtual experiments – so called e-experiments. To avoid common problems that a lot of IT products brought...
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Centrifugal magnetic fluid seals
PublikacjaSeals perform an important and at times overlooked function in a lubricant system. They prevent or minimize the movement of the lubricant between two surfaces and also minimize the level of contamination in the system. Seals are divided into static and dynamic types. Static seals operate in systems where the mating surfaces do not move relative to each other. In contrast, dynamic seals operate under conditions where the mating surfaces...
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Enhancement of self-trapped excitons and near-infrared emission in Bi3+/Er3+ co-doped Cs2Ag0.4Na0.6InCl6 double perovskite
Dane BadawczeErbium (Er) complexes are used as optical gain materials for signal generation in the telecom C-band at 1540 nm, but they need a sensitizer to enhance absorption. Na+ substitution for Ag+ and Bi3+ doping at the In3+ site is a possible strategy to enhance the broadband emission of Cs2AgInCl6, which could be used as a sensitizer for energy transfer to...
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Text classifiers for automatic articles categorization
PublikacjaThe article concerns the problem of automatic classification of textual content. We present selected methods for generation of documents representation and we evaluate them in classification tasks. The experiments have been performed on Wikipedia articles classified automatically to their categories made by Wikipedia editors.
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Modelling Long‐Term Transition from Coal‐Reliant to Low‐Emission Power Grid and District Heating Systems in Poland
PublikacjaEnergy systems require technological changes towards climate neutrality. In Poland, where the power system is dominated by outdated coal-fired power plants, efforts to minimize the environmental impact are associated with high costs. Therefore, optimal paths for the development of the energy sector should be sought in order to achieve ambitious long-term strategic goals, while minimizing the negative impact on the consumers’ home...
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KRYTERIA STOSOWANE W WIELOKRYTERIALNYM PLANOWANIU ROZWOJU SYSTEMU ELEKTROENERGETYCZNEGO
PublikacjaProblematyka planowania rozwoju systemów elektroenergetycznych jest zagadnieniem często podejmowanym w badaniach optymalizacyjnych ze względu na wagę i zasięg problemu. Rozwój techniki komputerowej pozwolił na połączenie tematyki optymalizacji struktury wytwarzania i planowania sieci elektroenergetycznej, co jest zagadnieniem wielowątkowym oraz wielowymiarowym. W prezentowanym artykule przedstawiono kryteria stosowane w analizach...
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Recent breakthroughs in the stability testing of pharmaceutical compounds
PublikacjaPharmaceutical development is mostly focused on the research leading to approval of a new and viable active substance. However, there is a number of old generation compounds that are still being used in contemporary medicinal practice. So that new analytical developments should cover not only the safety of newly developed drug substances, which is obvious, but should also be directed into the search of individual stability issues...
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Structures for parameterization, meshing and data exchange of topologically related surfaces of a ship hull
PublikacjaThis paper presents proposal of data structures for storage and processing of a parametric three-dimensional model of a midship hull sections. The model consists of coarse surfaces like: decks, frames, girders, stiffeners, brackets, partitions etc. bounded by topological relations. All workshop details are omitted as the model is intended for numeric calculations. Proposed data structures are prepared to facilitate changes in the...
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Analytical solution of non-stationary heat conduction problem for two sliding layers with time-dependent friction conditions
PublikacjaIn this article we conduct an overview of various types of thermal contact conditions at the sliding interface. We formulate a problem of non-stationary heat conduction in two sliding layers with generalized thermal contact conditions allowing for dependence of the heat-generation coefficient and contact heat transfer coefficient on time. We then derive an analytical solution of the problem by constructing a special coordinate...
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The Energy Potential of the Lower Vistula River in the Context of the Adaptation of Polish Inland Waterways to the Standards of Routes of International Importance
PublikacjaBased on new policies of the European Union, green technologies are to be mostly considered for power generation. Hydropower generation is one of the essential elements of sustainable energy production. Therefore, specific attention, both economically and technically, needs to be given to this sector of energy production. The Vistula River in Poland is considered an international waterway. The power production potential of the...
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Microscale microbial fuel cell (MFC) batch experiment results
Dane BadawczeThis dataset provides the results of six different scenarios meant to assess the efficiency COD, TN, TP removal and voltage generation in microbial fuel cells (MFC).
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Management of ground tire rubber waste by incorporation into polyurethane-based composite foams
PublikacjaRapid economic growth implicated the developing multiple industry sectors, including the automotive branch, increasing waste generation since recycling and utilization methods have not been established simultaneously. A very severe threat is the generation of enormous amounts of post-consumer tires considered burdensome waste, e.g., due to the substantial emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Therefore, it is essential...
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Migration of container terminals as their natural process of evolution: Case study of Gdańsk and Gdynia ports
PublikacjaThe paper proposes a theoretical model of container terminals and container port development, based on the life cycle theory, threshold theory and catastrophe theory, and in references to Kuznets' swings (interpreted as waves of infrastructural investments), and Kondratiev long economic waves. The aim of this model is to explain the development process of a container terminal and a port within one technological generation, as...
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EPILEPTIC BEHAVIOR WITH A DISTINGUISHED PREICTAL PERIOD IN A LARGE-SCALE NEURAL NETWORK MODEL
PublikacjaWe present a neural network model capable of reproducing focal epileptic behavior. An important property of our model is the distinguished preictal state. This novel feature may shed light on the pathologi-cal mechanisms of seizure generation and, in perspective, help develop new therapeutic strategies to manage refractory partial epilepsy.
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Pipelined sceling of signed residue numbers with the mixed-radix conversion in the programmable gate array
PublikacjaIn this work a scaling technique of signed residue numbers is proposed. The method is based on conversion to the Mixed-Radix System (MRS) adapted for the FPGA implementation. The scaling factor is assumed to be a moduli product from the Residue Number System (RNS) base. Scaling is performed by scaling of terms of the mixed-radix expansion, generation of residue reprezentation of scaled terms, binary addition of these representations...
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Interdependence between Power Grids and Communication Networks: A Resilience Perspective
PublikacjaPower network resilience is increasingly dependent on communication networks. Besides traditional generation, power networks need to accommodate increasingly high penetration levels of dispersed micro generation, mostly based on renewable sources, and increasing and challenging demand, such as electric vehicles. At the same time the deployment of enabling technologies throughout the power grid makes available new demand resources...
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Sensorless control of five-phase induction machine supplied by the VSI with output filter
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel sensorless control structure based on multi-scalar variables is proposed. The tatic feedback control law is obtained by using the multi-scalar variables transformation, where the multi-scalar variables approach allows a full linearization of the nonlinear system. The control system could be described as “optimized” because of the minimized number of controllers. Furthermore, control system is divided into...
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Influence of Different Biofuels on the Efficiency of Gas Turbine Cycles for Prosumer and Distributed Energy Power Plants
PublikacjaThe efficiency of a gas turbine can be affected by the use of different biofuels usually with a relatively Lower Heating Value (LHV). The paper evaluates the impact of calorific value of fuel on turbine performance and analyzes the possibilities of optimizing turbine construction from the point of view of maximum efficiency for a particular fuel. The several variants of design of small power microturbines dedicated to various biofuels...
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Performance of microbial fuel cells operated under anoxic conditions
PublikacjaNowadays, microbial fuel cells (MFC) stand up as a promising renewable energy source. Due to the ability of the MFC to oxidize a wide spectrum of substrates, wastewater seems to be one of the most interesting fuels. Unfortunately, wastewater could contain electron acceptors such as nitrate, which could interfere with the electrical performance of the MFC. In this work, the influence of oxidised nitrogen forms on the electricity...
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Effect of illumination on noise of silicon solar cells
PublikacjaTransport and noise properties of silicon solar cells in darkness and under illumination have been studied. The measurements were carried out for both reverse and forward bias of the device. The changes in the sample behaviour are due to the variation of PN junction dynamic resistance and, also, the occurence of both 1/f and generation-recombination noise components
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MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS OF ELECTRIC FIELD INTENSITY NEAR SELECTED TRANSMITTERS OF MOBILE TELEPHONY BASE STATIONS
PublikacjaWireless connectivity has become increasingly common in recent times. Day by day, there are more radiocommunication devices and new ideas for them. In the near future, when the fifth generation networks will be implemented, whose main feature will be continuous wireless communication, we must approach the issue of electric field measurements more and more carefully.
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EVENTS VISUALIZATION POST IN A DISTRIBUTED TELEINFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE BORDER GUARD
PublikacjaEvents Visualization Post is a part of the STRADAR project, which is dedicated to streaming real-time data in distributed dispatcher and teleinformation systems of the Border Guard. Events Visualization Post is a software designed for simultaneous visualization of data of different types. In the paper, the structure of the software is presented, the process of generation of tasks is described, and the visualization of audio, files,...
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Metoda analizy wielokryterialnej do planowania rozwoju sieci elektroenergetycznej średniego i niskiego napięcia
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono metodę wspomagającą decyzje w zakresie wyboru wariantu przyłączenia odbioru do sieci elektroenergetycznej dystrybucyjnej niskiego napięcia lub średniego napięcia oraz mikrogeneracji do sieci niskiego napięcia. Metodę tą zaimplementowano w skoroszycie kalkulacyjnym Microsoft Excel i zastosowano do analizy złożonych przypadków przyłączenia odbioru lub mikrogeneracji.
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Skuteczne prognozowanie krótkoterminowe mocy farm wiatrowych
PublikacjaPrognozowanie mocy wytwórczej konkretnej farmy wiatrowej (FW) w horyzoncie 24-godzinnymwymaga zarówno wiarygodnej prognozy wietrzności, jak i narzędzi wspomagających. Narzędzie to jest dedykowanym modelem mocy farmy. Model powinien uwzględniać nie tylko ogólne zasady przetwarzania energii wiatru na energię mechaniczną, ale także cechy szczególnekonkretnej farmy. Liczba czynników wpływających na moc farmy jest duża i dokładna prognozamocy,...
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Recycling of photovoltaic modules - legal status, technology, market prospects
PublikacjaThe increase in the number of manufactured and installed photovoltaic modules and the growing concern about the insufficient supply of pure silicon imply the need to take action to develop infrastructure for recycling PV modules. The article presents a multifaceted analysis of the current state of development of the photovoltaic module recycling sector from a global and national perspective. The essence of the issue was introduced...
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The influence of the size of a one-faced metallic head in Janus nanoparticles as a co-catalyst on the photocatalytic efficiency of hydrogen evolution under vis light irradiation
PublikacjaJanus nanoparticles (NPs) consisting of MoOxSy nanospheres and silver (Ag) head, successfully developed by a simple, controlled method were in the first time they were applied as a co-catalysts in photocatalytic hydrogen generation reaction under vis light irradiation (λ > 420 nm). The MoOxSy-Ag as a co-catalysts were deposited on the obtained ZnIn2S4 microspheres (ZIS) using physical absorption method. The influence of the size...
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Artificial intelligence in architectural education - green campus development research
PublikacjaThe rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has introduced new possibilities and challenges in design education. This article explores the need for changes and adaptations in the teaching process of design as AI-related technologies, based on image generation, transform the creative process and offer novel opportunities. In a research-by-design studio in an architectural faculty in Poland, students who utilised...
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Recuperator with microjet technology as a proposal for heat recovery from low-temperature sources
PublikacjaA tendency to increase the importance of so called dispersed generation, based on the local energy sources and the working systems uti- lizing both the fossil fuels and the renewable energy resources is observed nowadays. Generation of electricity on industrial or domestic scale together with production of heat can be obtained for example through employment of the ORC systems. It is mentioned in the EU directive 2012/27/EU for...
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Dietary antioxidants as a source of hydrogen peroxide
PublikacjaStudies of 54 antioxidants revealed that 27 of them, mainly polyphenols, generated hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) when added to Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), other media used for culture of mammalian and yeast cells and phosphate-buffered saline. The most active antioxidants were: propyl gallate (PG), (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and quercetin (Q). Chelex treatment and iron chelators decreased H2O2 generation suggesting...
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Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Materials as Substrates for Fermentation Processes
PublikacjaLignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource that potentially contains large amounts of energy. It is an interesting alternative for fossil fuels, allowing the production of biofuels and other organic compounds. In this paper, a review devoted to the processing of lignocellulosic materials as substrates for fermentation processes is presented. The review focuses on physical, chemical, physicochemical, enzymatic,...
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Effect of Pin Shape on Thermal History of Aluminum-Steel Friction Stir Welded Joint: Computational Fluid Dynamic Modeling and Validation
PublikacjaThis article studied the effects of pin angle on heat generation and temperature distribution during friction stir welding (FSW) of AA1100 aluminum alloy and St-14 low carbon steel. A validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was implemented to simulate the FSW process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed in order to investigate internal materials’ flow. Simulation results revealed that the mechanical work...
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The selected roof covering technologies in the aspect of their life cycle costs
PublikacjaIn the article is presented an analysis of the life cycle costs calculation for selected roof coverings. The scope of research includes costs of construction, maintenance and demolition of the roof covering structure for two alternative technologies – the traditional and new generation. On the presented example of an industrial building with a roof area of 1000 m², the above costs are taken to consideration for the roof covering...