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Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method
PublikacjaThe paper presents a reliability analysis of a sea cliff slope. The cliff, located in Jastrzębia Góra, is characterised by a complicated geological structure. Although currently stable, it is in fact close to the limit state. The objective of this paper is to present the point estimate method (PEM) of determining the mean value and standard deviation of the safety factor of the slope. Assuming its normal distribution, these statistical...
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Rotor-Flux Vector based Observer of Interior Permanent Synchronous Machine
PublikacjaThe sensorless control system of the interior permanent magnet machine is considered in this paper. The control system is based on classical linear controllers. In the machine, there occurs non-sinusoidal distribution of rotor flux together with the slot harmonics, which are treated as the control system disturbances. In this case, the classical observer structure in the (d-q) is unstable for the low range of rotor speed resulting...
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Participatory approach to urban regeneration processes in polish cities and regions
PublikacjaThe paper presents the impact of EU Cohesion Policy 2014-2020 on regeneration processes which are implemented in Polish towns, cities and metropolis when emphasizing general formal and legal framework including examination of the possible distribution of EU funds for regeneration projects within the regional operational programmes. The paper focuses on different approaches to the implementation of Cohesion Policy in Polish regions....
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Reliability Analysis of Sea Cliff Slope Stability by Point Estimate Method
PublikacjaThe paper presents a reliability analysis of a sea cliff slope. The cliff, located in Jastrzębia Góra, is characterised by a complicated geological structure. Although currently stable, it is in fact close to the limit state. The objective of this paper is to present the point estimate method (PEM) of determining the mean value and standard deviation of the safety factor of the slope. Assuming its normal distribution, these statistical...
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THE EFFECT OF WOOD DRYING METHOD ON THE GRANULARITY OF SAWDUST OBTAINED DURING THE SAWING PROCESS USING THE FRAME SAWING MACHINE
PublikacjaThe experimental results of the study focused on the effect of drying processes of warm air drying at the temperature of 6580°C and warm air-steam mixture drying at the temperature of 105°C of pine and beech wood to the size of sawdust grains created by cutting using RPW 15M frame saw is presented in the paper. Particle size analysis of dry sawdust was performed using two methods - screening method and optical method based on...
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Notch fatigue analysis and life assessment using an energy field intensity approach in 7050-T6 aluminium alloy under bending-torsion loading
PublikacjaThis paper studies the fatigue crack initiation and fatigue crack propagation of notched cylindrical bars made of 7050-T6 aluminium alloy subjected to multiaxial bending-torsion loading. The sites of crack initiation and the angles of crack initiation were successfully predicted from the distribution of the first principal stress at the notch surface. Fatigue crack initiation lives were computed through the new concept of energy...
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Dynamic mechanical properties and flexing fatigue resistance of tire sidewall rubber as function of waste tire rubber reclaiming degree
PublikacjaA stepwise downsizing method of gel particles in reclaimed rubber to a micro-nano scale and its excellent dynamic performance in tire sidewall were introduced by this work. The results showed that the size of gel particles decreased from several micrometers to micro-nanometers with the increase of reclaiming degree, accompanied by reduced molecular weight and widened molecular weight distribution of sol fraction. The addition of...
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A comparative performance assessment of a hydrodynamic journal bearing lubricated with oil and magnetorheological fluid
PublikacjaThis work presents the investigation results of a journal bearing lubricated with magnetorheological fluid that is activated by a local constant magnetic field to vary both the local flow resistance and pressure. The bearing performance is assessed via Finite Element Modelling (FEM) and results are corroborated by experiments. The FEM model uses the Bingham model to describe the fluid film. A dedicated test rig is used to assess...
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Resilience of 5G Mobile Communication Systems to Massive Disruptions
PublikacjaThis chapter discusses vital techniques to enhance the resilience of 5G systems. It starts with dependability assessment of 5G networks. Next, it describes (a) the frequency fallback technique to improve availability and survivability of 5G services, (b) segment interleaving scheme to enhance communications resilience between base stations and the remaining part of the network and (c) multi-operator protection to address the resilience...
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FE analysis of a coupled energetic-statistical size effect in plain concrete beams with varying material properties.
PublikacjaThe numerical FE investigations of a coupled energetic-statistical size effect in unnotched concrete beams of similar geometry under quasi-static three point bending were performed within elasto-plasticity with non-local softening. The stochastic FE analyses were carried out with three different beam sizes. Deterministic calculations were performed with the uniform distribution of a uniaxial tensile strength. In statistical calculations...
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Rozdział mocy w układzie napędowym robota podwodnego - porównanie algorytmów alokacji naporów
PublikacjaPraca dotyczy syntezy systemu automatycznego sterowania robotem podwodnym w zakresie problemu rozdziału mocy w wielopędnikowym układzie napędowym. Do alokacji naporów zastosowano metody optymalizacji z ograniczeniami, pozwalające na wyznaczanie wektora naporów na podstawie wektora sił uogólnionych. Rozważono i porównano dwie metody rozdziału mocy dla robota realizującego ruch poziomy płaski o trzech stopniach swobody, rozpatrując...
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NO-BROADCASTING OF NON-SIGNALLING BOXES VIA OPERATIONS WHICH TRANSFORM LOCAL BOXES INTO LOCAL ONES
PublikacjaWe deal with families of probability distributions satisfying non-signalling condition, called non-signalling boxes and consider a class of operations that transform local boxes into local ones (the one that admit LHV model). We prove that any operation from this class cannot broadcast a bipartite non-local box with 2 binary inputs and outputs. We consider a function called anti-Robustness which can not decrease under these operations....
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Pile Model Tests Using Strain Gauge Technology
PublikacjaOrdinary pile bearing capacity tests are usually carried out to determine the relationship between load and displacement of pile head. The measurement system required in such tests consists of force transducer and three or four displacement gauges. The whole system is installed at the pile head above the ground level. This approach, however, does not give us complete information about the pile-soil interaction. We can only determine...
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Spatio-Temporal Validation of GNSS-Derived Global Ionosphere Maps Using 16 Years of Jason Satellites Observations
PublikacjaExisting ionospheric models perform very well in mapping the calm state of the ionosphere. However, the problem is accurately determining the total electron content (TEC) for disturbed days. Knowledge of the exact electron density is essential for single−frequency receivers, which cannot eliminate the ionospheric delay. This study aims to investigate temporal and spatial variability in the distribution of TEC based on differences...
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Effects of FSW Tool Plunge Depth on Properties of an Al-Mg-Si Alloy T-Joint: Thermomechanical Modeling and Experimental Evaluation
PublikacjaOne of the main challenging issues in friction stir welding (FSW) of stiffened structures is maximizing skin and flange mixing. Among the various parameters in FSW that can affect the quality of mixing between skin and flange is tool plunge depth (TPD). In this research, the effects of TPD during FSW of an Al-Mg-Si alloy T-joint are investigated. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method can help understand TPD effects on FSW...
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SYNTHESIS AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF NIOBIUM-DOPED HYDROXYAPATITE CERAMICS
PublikacjaHydroxyapatite (HAp) ceramic materials are considered as one of the most promising implant materials in bone surgery and in dentistry. They exhibit unique biocompatibility, bioactivity, and osteoconductivity, which are the most desirable biomaterial features. However, HAp itself is brittle, has low strength, high degree of crystallinity and low solubility at physiological pH. Doping synthetic HAp with metal ions plays an important...
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Method of reconstructing two-dimensional velocity fields on the basis of temperature field values measured with a thermal imaging camera
PublikacjaThis paper describes a novel numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) of the velocity field during natural convective heat transfer from a two-sided, isothermal, heated vertical plate based only on the known temperature field obtained, e.g. with a thermal imaging camera. It has been demonstrated that with a knowledge of temperature distributions, the NRP enables the reconstruction of velocity fields by solving the Navier-Stokes...
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Analiza doświadczalna wpływu długości zakotwienia pręta na zachowanie przyczepności w teście pull-out
PublikacjaArtykuł prezentuje badania przyczepności przeprowadzone przy użyciu testu pull-out. Eksperymenty miały na celu ocenę wpływu długości zakotwienia na przyczepność w tym teście. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że długość styku pręt-beton znacząco wpływa na zachowanie przyczepności. Określa ona typ zniszczenia połączenia, wpływa na rozkład i wartość naprężeń w pręcie oraz rzutuje na przebieg krzywej przyczepność-poślizg, która jest...
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Rain Water: Atmospheric Deposition
PublikacjaWater is transferred from the atmosphere to the land surface mainly via various forms of atmospheric precipitation; however, the contribution of surface condensation/deposition (e.g., dew, hoar frost, occult precipitation) should not be neglected. Rainwater and liquid deposits (dew, hoar frost, rime) are components of the physical and geographical environment that are easily assimilated and transported. Thus, they are generally...
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Calculations of labyrinth seals with and without diagnostic extraction in fluid-flow machines
PublikacjaLabyrinth seals are essential components of steam turbine unit constructions. Two types of labyrinth seals can be named, the first of which is the seal without diagnostic steam extraction, and the second – with extraction. The distribution of flow parameters along the packing is affected remarkably by the average seal clearance. The presence of diagnostic extraction leads to the equation system which is determinable and can be...
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Sound Field Intensity Measurements and Visualization around the Human Head Model . Rozkłąd natężenia pola akustycznego w komorze bezechowej obecności sztucznej głowy i w przypadku braku jej obecności
PublikacjaThe main goal of this research study was to measure and visualize sound field intensity distribution in and without presence of the human head model. Measurements were performed in the anechoic chamber with the 5 cm grid. Experimental setup consisted of a multitone generator, two loudspeakers, human head model, intensimetric probe, the Cartesian robot applied for precise positioning of the acoustic sensor, and an analyzer. Based...
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The use of Markov chains in the social convergence analysis
PublikacjaThe main goal of this article is to analyze the social convergence process using Markov chains. In this research, term social convergence refers to the reduction of dispersion in the standard of living among countries. The use of Markov chains in the social convergence analysis allowed describing movements of observational units within the distribution and providing more details about the mechanism of the convergence process. A...
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An influence of the ship's block coefficient implementation on the evaluation of it's hull girder bending
PublikacjaAn influence of the three different ways of implementation ship's block coefficient δ (three geometrical models) on the stresses due to wave bending moment have been investigated. Two models have been applied and compared: beam one (description of the shape usingparameters) and FEM shell model (direct representation of the shape). The outcomes have been compared to Polish Register of Shipping (PRS) rules. The results show that...
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Shell model of multiple-row moment I-section end-plate joint
PublikacjaThe paper deals with a problem of application of shell elements in the models of multiple-row moment end-plate connections. The extended connection of I-section with a cross-section W760x265x220 made of steel S355 was analyzed. Comparison analysis of FEM, complex volume and shell models has been done. Three cases with different end-plate thickness: 14, 18 and 36 mm were analyzed and compared with the reference results. Comparison...
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Influence of drying mode and feed per tooth rate on the fine dust creation in pine and beech sawing on a mini sash gang saw
PublikacjaThe experimental results of the study focused on the effect of drying processes of modified air drying and warm air steam mixture drying of pine and beech wood on the size of sawdust particles created in cutting using PRW-15M sash gang saw, are presented in the paper. Particle size analysis of dry sawdust was performed using two methods—sieving method and laser diffraction analysis. The results showed that the drying process did...
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Depolarisation Model for a BAN Indoor Scenario
PublikacjaIn this paper, an analysis of depolarisation in Body Area Networks for Body-to-Infrastructure communications based on a measurement campaign in the 5.8 GHz band in an indoor environment is performed. Measurements were made with an offbody antenna transmitting linearly polarised signals and dualpolarised receiving antennas carried by the user on the body. A Normal Distribution with a mean of 2.0 dB and a standard deviation of 4.3...
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MODEL OF MULTILEVEL STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS OF ROAD SAFETY ON REGIONAL LEVEL
PublikacjaIn this paper multilevel approach to the issue of road safety level on the road network of European regions, classified as NUTS 2 in statistical databases of the European Union, has been presented. Following the pattern of many publications on road safety it has been assumed that the risk calculated as the number of death casualties in road accidents per 100,000 inhabitants of a given region has Poisson distribution. Therefore,...
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Optimization of chip removing system operation in circular sawing machine
PublikacjaThe paper presents the optimization of the wood chips removing system in the sliding table saw. Chips are generated during the cutting of the material. The attention was focused on the upper casing of mentioned system. The methodical experimental studies of the pressure distribution inside the casing during the wood chip removing operation for the selected rotational speed of saw blade with a diameter of 300 mm and 450 mm were...
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E-textbook technologies for academics in medical education
PublikacjaPublic universities in Poland receive fairly limited financial support for creating e-textbooks and lack the appropriate ICT competences among teaching staff, especially in the case of non-technical universities. The authors propose a pedagogical and technological paradigm for e-textbooks in medical education using open source software with minimal IT skills required. Technologies used to develop e-textbooks are connected with:...
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A material model of asphalt mixtures based on Monte Carlo simulations
PublikacjaThe paper aims to numerically reflect mineral-asphalt mixture structure by a standard FEM software. Laboratory test results are presented due to bending tests of circular notched elements. The result scatter is relatively high. An attempt was made to form a random aggregate distribution in order to obtain various results corresponding to laboratory tests. The material structure calibration, its homogenization and finite element...
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On the correlation between magnetoacoustic emission and magnetostriction dependence on the applied magnetic field
PublikacjaThe correlation between magnetoacoustic emission signal envelopes and magnetostriction curves is investigated. Two sets of samples are being considered: tempered martensitic steel and plastically deformed ferritic steel. It is shown that even though some general relations may be observed, as was demonstrated in the literature, the correlation is not always present. One may not expect to change both quantities in the same way if...
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Mesoscopic simulations of crack propagation in concrete using cohesive elements
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of two-and three-dimensional meso-scale simulations of fracture in notched concrete beams subjected to three-point bending test. Concrete was assumed as a 3-phase material composed of aggregate grains placed in the cement matrix with Interfacial Transitional Zones (ITZs) between then. In 2D simulations macro-voids were also taken into account. The particle distribution was taken from real concrete beams...
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Free randomness amplification using bipartite chain correlations
PublikacjaA direct analysis of the task of randomness amplification from Santha-Vazirani sources using the violation of the chained Bell inequality is performed in terms of the convex combination of no-signaling boxes required to simulate quantum violation of the inequality. This analysis is used to find the exact threshold value of the initial randomness parameter from which perfect randomness can be extracted in the asymptotic limit of...
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LDFEM analysis of pore water pressure development in cohesive soil due to FDP auger drilling
PublikacjaThis paper presents the preliminary modelling of FDP auger drilling in soft soil with emphasis on excess pore water pressure (EPWP) development using CEL formulation and Abaqus software suit. The EPWP generation in single points is investigated and the results of a numerical analysis are compared with the field measurements. It is found that numerical model qualitatively reflects the field measurements. However,...
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Wpływ wysokiej osteotomii piszczelowej na mechanikę stawu kolanowego
PublikacjaW rozprawie podjęto próbę weryfikacji wpływu zabiegu chirurgicznego wysokiej osteotomii piszczelowej na mechanikę stawu kolanowego. Po wykonanym przeglądzie literatury, postawiono trzy hipotezy, które poddano weryfikacji na drodze badań numerycznych. Otrzymane wyniki zwalidowano poprzez badania nacisków powierzchniowych występujących w stawach kolanowych świni domowej, prowadzonych na maszynie do jednoosiowego ściskania. Praca...
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Badania eksperymentalne transformatora hybrydowego jako kondycjonera napięcia w sieciach typu TN
PublikacjaArtykuł dotyczy układu dystrybucyjnego transformatora hybrydowego (DTH) przeznaczonego do zastosowania w sieciach typu TN. Opisano w nim sposoby podłączenia przewodu neutralnego do układu DTH. W dalszej części artykuł zawiera opis skonstruowanego modelu laboratoryjnego o mocy 16 kVA wraz z zastosowanym algorytmem sterowania. Ponadto przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem oceny dokładności stabilizacji...
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Evaluation of Vehicle Routing Problem Algorithms for Transport Logistics Using Dedicated GIS System
PublikacjaThe development and research related to optimization of fleet management is of high interest among many industrial and scientific entities related to logistics and transport. Optimal distribution of transportation resources leads to significant cost reduction. In this context, scientific research related to so called Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) which relies on determining the shortest transport routes for a strictly limited number...
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Central-force decomposition of spline-based modified embedded atom method potential
PublikacjaCentral-force decompositions are fundamental to the calculation of stress fields in atomic systems by means of Hardy stress. We derive expressions for a central-force decomposition of the spline-based modified embedded atom method (s-MEAM) potential. The expressions are subsequently simplified to a form that can be readily used in molecular-dynamics simulations, enabling the calculation of the spatial distribution of stress in...
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Analytical studies of spectrum broadcast structures in quantum Brownian motion
PublikacjaSpectrum broadcast structures are a new and fresh concept in the quantum-to-classical transition, introduced recently in the context of decoherence and the appearance of objective features in quantum mechanics. These are specific quantum state structures, responsible for the objectivization of the decohered state of a system. Recently, they have been demonstrated by means of the well-known quantum Brownian motion model of the recoilless...
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Influence of a Radio Frequency on RF Fingerprinting Accuracy Based on Ray Tracing Simulation
PublikacjaIn this paper the influence of a radio signal frequency on performance of Indoor Positioning System based on fingerprinting has been examined using ray-tracing simulations. It has been simulated how spatial distribution of an RF signal strength change with the signal’s frequency. The results were used to show its’ impact on the behavior of localization algorithms that are employing RSS measurements to determine node’s position...
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HYDROACOUSTIC NOISE MEASUREMENTS
PublikacjaThe paper deals mainly with investigation of underwater noise that propagation is in shallow water. In this paper has been presented the experimental investigation results concerning the distribution of the sound field pressure generated by moving ships in the shallow water at the small distance from the ship. The main acoustical characteristics describing features of the field are spectrograms in pseudo 3D system – distance and frequency...
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Robust Parameter Estimation and Output Prediction for Reactive Carrier-Load Nonlinear Dynamic Networks
PublikacjaIn this paper an extension of on-line model simplification technique for a class of networked systems, namely reactive carrier-load nonlinear dynamic networked system (RCLNDNS), kept within point-parametric model (PPM) framework is addressed. The PPM is utilised to acquire a piece wise constant time-varying parameter linear structure for the RCLNDNS suitable for the on-line one step ahead prediction that may be applied to monitoring...
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Representation of magnetic hysteresis in tape wound core using feedback Preisach model
PublikacjaThis paper presents a mathematical model for the hysteresis phenomenon in ferromagnetic tape wound core. The feedback scalar Preisach model of hysteresis is used to simulate magnetic behavior of the grain oriented silicon strip of ET114-27 type. Determination of B-H hysteretic curve is based on measurement of the initial magnetization curve and the main hysteresis loop. The Preisach distribution function (PDF) of ET114-27 material...
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Influence of water salinity on corrosion risk - the case of the southern Baltic Sea coast.
PublikacjaWater corrosivity in Gdansk Bay, Poland, the southern part of the Baltic Sea, was investigated. The analysed region is heavily industrialized, and the coastline is very diverse. Twenty-seven test points along the coastline were selected. Water parameters such as salinity, total dissolved solids content, resistivity, conductivity, oxygenation, pH and corrosion rate were determined. The results of the investigation are presented....
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Influence of pitting corrosion on fatigue and corrosion fatigue of ship and offshore structures. Part II: Load - pit crack interaction
PublikacjaIn the paper has been discussed influence of stresses on general corrosion rate and corrosion pit nucleation and growth rate, whose presence has been questioned by some authors but accepted by most of them. Influence of pit walls roughness on fatigue life of a plate suffering pit corrosion and presence of so called "non damaging" pits which never lead to initiation of fatigue crack, has been presented. Possibility of prediction...
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Technical fabrics in costruction of large scale roofs - numerical and experimental aspects
PublikacjaDesigning and construction of textile hanging roofs is the challenging subject for engineers. This type of structure needs geometrically and very often also physically non-linear calculations. Due to different behaviour of two families of threads (warp and weft), which during deformation can change the angle between their directions, they require special constitutive modelling. Also the loading of hanging roofs is very special....
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Optimising approach to designing kernel PCA model for diagnosis purposes with and without a priori known data reflecting faulty states
PublikacjaFault detection plays an important role in advanced control of complex dynamic systems since precise information about system condition enables efficient control. Data driven methods of fault detection give the chance to monitor the plant state purely based on gathered measurements. However, they especially nonlinear, still suffer from a lack of efficient and effective learning methods. In this paper we propose the two stages learning...
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Comparison of luminescence (TL and OSL) dating results from selected loess profiles in SE Poland and the NW Ukraine
PublikacjaFive periglacial loess profiles, three from Poland and two from the Ukraine, were selected from dating luminescence methods (TL and OSL). In regional terms, they include loess of the Carpathin, peri-Carpathian and Podalia facies. 89 samples were collected for dating purposes from five profiles. Of these samples, 19 were OSL-dated. The function of TL and OSL date distribution for the same samples was presented on one chart. The...
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Global value chains, wages, employment and labour production in China: A regional approach
PublikacjaIn this study we analyse the relationship of trade and global value chains (GVCs) to the labour market in 31 Chinese provinces for 25 sectors, by means of a system of structural equations. We firstly distinguish between provincial value chains (PVCs) and interprovincial value chains (PRVCs) in order to outline their distribution and evolution over time. Then, we investigate to what extent participation in GVCs, PVCs and PRVCs –...
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Assessment of Alterations in Settlement Patterns of Agricultural Landscape in the Example of Kashubia in Poland
PublikacjaTraditional agricultural landscapes are heavily exposed to change due to their relatively low agricultural productivity. However, they represent cultural values of great importance in maintaining the resilience of the environment and society. Although their cultural potential is important for sustainable development, it is still insufficiently recognized. The article fills this gap by examining old farmstead buildings as a distinguishing...