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Detection of vehicles stopping in restricted zones in video from surveillance cameras
PublikacjaAn algorithm for detection of vehicles that stop in restricted areas, e.g. excluded by traffic rules, is proposed. Classic approaches based on object tracking are inefficient in high traffic scenes because of tracking errors caused by frequent object merging and splitting. The proposed algorithm uses the background subtraction results for detection of moving objects, then pixels belonging to moving objects are tested for stability....
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The Impact of Covid-19 on the Performance of Exchange Traded Funds on Developed and Emerging Markets
PublikacjaIn this paper an endeavour was made to evaluate the impact of Covid-19 on the achievement of the investment objectives by selected ETFs in developed and emerging markets. For this purpose, the tracking errors calculated for 18 different ETFs operating on the basis of American, Asian and European stock indexes were analyzed. The time range of the research was selected in such a way as to compare the period before the pandemic(pre-Covid)...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with selected flame retardants
PublikacjaThe flame retardants: expandable graphite, triethylphosphatehas been used in rigid polyurethane foams (PUFs). The influence of fillers amounts on processing parameters, physical-mechanical properties (compression strength, density, water absorption, brittleness)and thermal properties (thermal stability) of such foams has been analyzed.The gel, cram and rise time for PUFs modified with flame retardant has been observed during synthesis...
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Semi complex navigation with an active optical gesture sensor
PublikacjaThis paper presents the methods of diversified touchless interactions between a user and a mobile platform utilizing the optical gesture sensor. The sensor uses 8 photodiodes to measure the reflected light in the active mode (using embedded LEDs) or it measures shadows caused by fingers in the passive mode. Several algorithms were implemented: automatic mode switching, adaptive illumination level compensation, resolution improvements...
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Analysis of Properties of an Active Linear Gesture Sensor
PublikacjaBasic gesture sensors can play a significant role as input units in mobile smart devices. However, they have to handle a wide variety of gestures while preserving the advantages of basic sensors. In this paper a user-determined approach to the design of a sparse optical gesture sensor is proposed. The statistical research on a study group of individuals includes the measurement of user-related parameters like the speed of a performed...
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A compact smart resistive sensor based on a microcontroller
PublikacjaPrzedstawiono nowe rozwiązanie inteligentnego czujnika rezystancyjnego bazującego na mikrokontrolerze, w którym czujnik rezystancyjny jest elementem składowym filtra anty-aliazingowego przetwornika A/C. Procedura pomiaru temperatury obejmuje pobudzenie filtra dwoma impulsami prostokątnymi o zadanym czasie trwania oraz próbkowanie jego odpowiedzi czasowej. Następnie na podstawie wartości pomierzonych próbek napięcia wyznaczana jest...
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Comparison of Compact Reduced Basis Method with Different Model Order Reduction Techniques
PublikacjaDifferent strategies suitable to compare the performance of different model order reduction techniques for fast frequency sweep in finite element analysis in Electromagnetics are proposed and studied in this work. A Frobenius norm error measure is used to describe how good job a reduced-order model is doing with respect to the true system response. In addition, the transfer function correct behavior is monitored by studying the...
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Silent Sonar with matched filtration
PublikacjaRadars with continuous wave frequency (CW FM sonars) are used in radiolocation as 'silent sonars'. They determine the distance to target by measuring the difference between the frequency of the sounding signal and echo signal. The article presents the principle of operation and parameters of silent CW FM sonars. Target distance determined by these sonars is based on the signal at the output of the matched filter. The Doppler effect...
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Insights into Stoichiometry Adjustments Governing the Performance of Flexible Foamed Polyurethane/Ground Tire Rubber Composites
PublikacjaPolyurethanes (PU) are widely applied in the industry due to their tunable performance adjusted by changes in the isocyanate index—stoichiometric balance between isocyanate and hydroxyl groups. This balance is affected by the incorporation of modifiers of fillers into the PU matrix and is especially crucial for PU foams due to the additional role of isocyanates—foaming of the material. Despite the awareness of the issue underlined...
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Facial feature extraction from a monochromatic picture.
PublikacjaFace pose determination represents an important area of research in Human Machine Interaction. In this paper, I describe a new method of extracting facial feature locations from a single monochromatic monocular camera for the purpose of estimating and tracking the three dimensional pose of human face and eye-gaze direction.
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Facial Feature extraction from a monochromatic picture
PublikacjaFace pose determination represents an important area of research in Human Machine Interaction. In this paper, I describe a new method of extracting facial feature locations from a single monochromatic monocular camera for the purpose of estimating and tracking the three dimensional pose of human face and eye-gaze direction.
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Mechanical, Thermal and Rheological Properties of Polyethylene-Based Composites Filled with Micrometric Aluminum Powder
PublikacjaInvestigations related to polymer/metal composites are often limited to the analysis of the electrical and thermal conductivity of the materials. The presented study aims to analyze the impact of aluminum (Al) filler content (from 1 to 20 wt%) on the rarely investigated properties of composites based on the high-density polyethylene (HDPE) matrix. The crystalline structure, rheological (melt flow index and oscillatory rheometry),...
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Comparison of developed gaze point estimation methods
PublikacjaThis paper presents the software part of an inexpensive hands-free eye tracking system. The system works using infrared illumination like most of the available eye trackers. Two methods allowing estimation the gaze point on computer screen are compared. Research on effectiveness of these methods is discussed and the better one is indicated.
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Redukcja czasu analizy MZP przez ograniczenie rozmiaru rozwiązania
PublikacjaAnaliza drzew niezdatności jest uznaną metodą analizy bezpieczeństwa systemów. Notacja ECSDM pozwala definiować zależności czasowe między zdarzeniami drzewa oraz przeanalizować je w celu określenia zależności pomiędzy zdarzeniami z Minimalnych Zbiorów Przyczyn (MZP). Dzięki wprowadzeniu klasyfikacji zdarzeń z MZP można wyodrębnić zależności czasowe istotne dla zapobiegania wywoływania hazardu przez konkretny MZP. Pozostałe zależności...
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A Solution to Image Processing with Parallel MPI I/O and Distributed NVRAM Cache
PublikacjaThe paper presents a new approach to parallel image processing using byte addressable, non-volatile memory (NVRAM). We show that our custom built MPI I/O implementation of selected functions that use a distributed cache that incorporates NVRAMs located in cluster nodes can be used for efficient processing of large images. We demonstrate performance benefits of such a solution compared to a traditional implementation without NVRAM...
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Implementation of the FOPID Algorithm in the PLC Controller - PWR Thermal Power Control Case Study
PublikacjaIn the paper authors describe proposition of design and verification procedures of the discrete Fractional Order PID (FOPID) algorithm for control of the Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) thermal power near its nominal operating point. The FOPID algorithm synthesis consists of: off-line optimal tunning of its parameters in continuous time-domain with LQ (Linear Quadratic) performance index and simplified models of nuclear reactor...
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Improved magnitude estimation of complex numbers using alpha max and beta min algorithm
PublikacjaThe paper presents an improved algorithm for calculating the magnitude of complex numbers. This problem, which is a special case of square rooting, occurs for example, in FFT processors and complex FIR filters. The proposed method of magnitude calculation makes use of the modified alpha max and beta min algorithm. The improved version of the algorithm allows to control the maximum magnitude approximation error by using an adequate...
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Deflated Preconditioned Solvers for Parametrized Local Model Order Reduction
PublikacjaOne of steps in the design of microwave filters is numerical tuning using full-wave simulators. Typically, it is a time-consuming process as it uses advanced computational methods, e.g. the finite-element method (FEM) and it usually requires multiple optimization steps before the specification goals are met. FEM involves solving a large sparse system of equations at many frequency points and therefore its computational cost is...
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Influence of Additional Loads on Chosen Gait Parameters and Muscles Activity
PublikacjaThis paper is devoted to human motion analysis and comparison of chosen kinematics parameters during normal gait with and without additional load in a form of backpack. A stability in both cases were compared in both frontal and sagittal planes, by applying a video tracking system. Experimental tests performed on treadmill, passive markers, placed on volunteers bare skin were used. Additionally, an infra-red camera was employed...
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Robust-adaptive dynamic programming-based time-delay control of autonomous ships under stochastic disturbances using an actor-critic learning algorithm
PublikacjaThis paper proposes a hybrid robust-adaptive learning-based control scheme based on Approximate Dynamic Programming (ADP) for the tracking control of autonomous ship maneuvering. We adopt a Time-Delay Control (TDC) approach, which is known as a simple, practical, model free and roughly robust strategy, combined with an Actor-Critic Approximate Dynamic Programming (ACADP) algorithm as an adaptive part in the proposed hybrid control...
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Fast Algorithms for Identification of Time-Varying Systems with Both Smooth and Discontinuous Parameter Changes
PublikacjaThe problem of noncausal identification of a time-varying linear system subject to both smooth and occasional jump-type changes is considered and solved using the preestimation technique combined with the basis function approach to modeling the variability of system parameters. The proposed estimation algorithms yield very good parameter tracking results and are computationally attractive.
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Music Information Retrieval in Music Repositories
PublikacjaThis chapter reviews the key concepts associated with automated Music Information Retrieval (MIR). First, current research trends and system solutions in terms of music retrieval and music recommendation are discussed. Next, experiments performed on a constructed music database are presented. A proposal for music retrieval and annotation aided by gaze tracking is also discussed.
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Porównanie metod filtracji w dziedzinie widma DFT
PublikacjaW niniejszej pracy zaprezentowano porównanie metod filtracji w dziedzinie częstotliwości,czyli w dziedzinie widma DFT. Opisano i omówiono podstawowe metody filtracji: bez zeropaddingu, z zeropaddingiem oraz metodę Cheh Pana. Pokazane i porównane zostały wyniki eksperymentów dla typowych aplikacji, jakimi są filtr dolnoprzepustowy i filtr różniczkujący.
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Numerical solution analysis of fractional point kinetics and heat exchange in nuclear reactor
PublikacjaThe paper presents the neutron point kinetics and heat exchange models for the nuclear reactor. The models consist of a nonlinear system of fractional ordinary differential and algebraic equations. Two numerical algorithms are used to solve them. The first algorithm is application of discrete Grünwald-Letnikov definition of the fractional derivative in the model. The second involves building an analog scheme in the FOMCON Toolbox...
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Model Order Reduction for Problems With Dispersive Surface Boundary Conditions
PublikacjaThis letter proposes a new scheme for reduced-order finite-element modeling of electromagnetic structures with nonlinear, dispersive surface boundary conditions, which optimally exploits the numerically stable and efficient MOR framework for second-order systems provided by SAPOR method. The presented results of numerical experiments for an example of a waveguide filter demonstrate the superior accuracy of the resulting reduced models...
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ZASTOSOWANIE FILTRACJI CZĄSTECZKOWEJ DO ESTYMACJI POŁOŻENIA W SYSTEMIE LOKALIZACYJNYM UWB
PublikacjaNiniejszy artykuł dotyczy kwestii poprawy dokładności estymacji położenia w systemie lokalizacji wewnątrzbudynkowej, bazującym na radiowych pomiarach odległości realizowanych przez modemy UWB. Proponuje się zastosowanie metody filtracji cząsteczkowej do zmniejszenia błędu wyznaczania pozycji obiektu przy braku bezpośredniej widoczności ze stacją referencyjną. W artykule opisano algorytm filtru cząsteczkowego, jego przykładową implementację...
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Szybka identyfikacja harmonicznych na podstawie oszczędnego próbkowania
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono implementację szybkiego algorytmu rekonstrukcji sygnału, opartego na teorii oszczędnego próbkowania, który może wykrywać harmoniczne w sygnale wejściowym. Zagadnienie rekonstrukcji sygnału jest problemem optymalizacyjnym rozwiązywanym za pomocą algorytmu programowania liniowego. Dodatkowo, aby przyspieszyć zbieżność rozwiązania zastosowano w rzadkiej dziedzinie sygnału filtr typu K-rank-order. Przeprowadzona...
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Materiały sorpcyjne wykorzystywane w maskach ochronnych
PublikacjaOd zarania dziejów ludzie starają się chronić przed chorobami zakaźnymi, stosując środki ochrony osobistej, do których należą maski ochronne. Z uwagi na obecnie panującą pandemię wirusa SARS-CoV-2, noszenie masek stało się normą w walce z koronawirusem. Jednak zagrożenia dla górnych dróg oddechowych nie stanowią wyłącznie wirusy, lecz również cząstki stałe zawieszone w powietrzu. Szczególnie w krajach wysoko uprzemysłowionych,...
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The effect of sunscreen 4‐methylbenzylidene camphor in different and reproductive models, its bioaccumulation and molecular effects on ligand‐receptor interaction, and protein expression
Publikacja4-Methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC) is a photo-absorbing UV filter prevalently used in cosmetics, which can be absorbed into circulation and cause systemic effects. 4-MBC is continued to be released in the environment despite the growing knowledge about its bioaccumulation and endocrine disrupting effects. Previous reviews have mentioned UV-filter together but this review considers 4-MBC alone, due to its prevalence and concerning...
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Performance of DS-CDMA Radionavigation Receiver with Subsample Time Measurement Resolution in Various Environments
PublikacjaThis paper presents results of investigation of position estimation performance in TDOA radionavigation system with receiver containing code tracking loop with subsample time measurement resolution. Position estimation accuracy was evaluated using real signals from CDMA base stations, recorded during measurement campaigns in various environments: on sea, flat terrain and hilly terrain.
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A Novel IoT-Perceptive Human Activity Recognition (HAR) Approach Using Multi-Head Convolutional Attention
PublikacjaTogether with fast advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart healthcare applications and systems are equipped with increasingly more wearable sensors and mobile devices. These sensors are used not only to collect data, but also, and more importantly, to assist in daily activity tracking and analyzing of their users. Various human activity recognition (HAR) approaches are used to enhance such tracking. Most of the existing...
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MPPT and GMPPT Implementation for Buck-Boost Mode Control of quasi-Z-Source Inverter
PublikacjaThe focus is on the maximum power point tracking implementation for the buck-boost voltage mode control of a single-phase multilevel inverter based on a three-level neutral point clamped quasi-Z-source topology. To utilize shoot-through states only when boost function is needed and avoid it in the buck mode, two different control approaches are required. This work proposes merged control system which provides switching between...
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Fractional delayor application in self-tuning sub-sample delay estimator
PublikacjaW artykule przedstawiono nowe rozwiązanie samonastrajalnego estymatora opóźnienia sygnału sinusoidalnego. Estymator działa w czasie dyskretnym. Proponowane rozwiązanie wykorzystuje kaskadowe połączenie cyfrowego filtru ułamkowo opóźniającego służącego do synchronizacji próbkowania i liniowo-fazowego cyfrowego filtru Hilberta. Oryginalność polega na zastosowaniu tu filtrów cyfrowych o bardzo małej złożoności numerycznej. Jest ona...
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Optimal asynchronous estimation of 2D Gaussian-Markov processes
PublikacjaW artykule rozważa się problem estymacji trajektorii dwuwymiarowych ciągłoczasowych procesów Gaussa-Markowa na podstawie zaszumionych pomiarów wykonywanych w nierównomiernie rozłożonych chwilach czasu. W przypadku takiego problemu, w każdym cyklu pracy algorytmu należy dokonać dyskretnoczasowej predykcji (analogicznie jak w przypadku filtru Kalmana). Niestety zadanie to może być złożone obliczeniowo. Aby rozwiązać ten problem,...
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The Role of Daylight in Forming the Traditional Space: Classification of Traditional Iranian Daylighting Elements
PublikacjaDaylight character in a space can be defined as the manner in which daylight permeates and is dispersed in that space. The architectural elements related to daylighting under investigation in this study were rooted in Iranian-Isfahani heritage, considered traditional Iranian architecture (from the 16th to early 20th century). The establishment of a classification system for daylighting systems holds significant utility. This...
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Consequences of russia’s military invasion of Ukraine for Polish-Ukrainian trade relations
PublikacjaAn accurate forecast of interstate trade volume allows for short-term and long-term planning, particularly deciding on state budget revenues, foreign exchange earnings, border arrangement, other infrastructure, migration and social policies. Hostilities are destructive so the russian military aggression against Ukraine in 2022 needs to be assessed in terms of its effects on key economic aspects of Polish-Ukrainian relations, as...
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Green energy extraction for sustainable development: A novel MPPT technique for hybrid PV-TEG system
PublikacjaThe Photovoltaic (PV) module converts only a small portion of irradiance into electrical energy. Most of the solar energy is wasted as heat, resulting in a rise in PV cell temperature and a decrease in solar cell efficiency. One way to harvest this freely available solar thermal energy and improve PV cell efficiency is by integrating PV systems with thermoelectric generators (TEG). This cogeneration approach of the hybrid PV-TEG...
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Generalized regression neural network and fitness dependent optimization: Application to energy harvesting of centralized TEG systems
PublikacjaThe thermoelectric generator (TEG) system has attracted extensive attention because of its applications in centralized solar heat utilization and recoverable heat energy. The operating efficiency of the TEG system is highly affected by operating conditions. In a series-parallel structure, due to diverse temperature differences, the TEG modules show non-linear performance. Due to the non-uniform temperature distribution (NUTD) condition,...
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Analysis the Parameters of the Adaptive Controller for Quality Control of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration
PublikacjaThe wastewater treatment plant can be considered a dynamic large scale complex system, in which the most important control parameter is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerobic zone. The air is supplied to this zone by the aeration system. In the paper, both the sequencing batch reactor and the aeration system are modelled and used as plant of control performed by the cascade nonlinear adaptive control system extended...
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Possibility of Fault Detection in Sensorless Electric Drives
PublikacjaThe work presents a fault detection method for an induction motor drive system with inverter output filter. This approach make use of a load torque state observer, which complete structure is presented along with the used control structure. Moreover, the demonstrated drive system operates without rotor speed measurement in conjunction with the multiscalar control. The verification of the demonstrated idea was performed on an experimental...
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Implementation of the digital receiver in multibeam long-range sonar
PublikacjaThe article presents the implementation of a digital receiver in multibeam long - range sonar. Developed by the authors of the article, the implementation was part of sonar modernisation on large Polish Navy ships. The article explains the structure of the receiver, its design details and requirements affecting the architecture. The technical solutions regarding the equipment and signal processing algorithms for determining receiving...
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Regularized identification of fast time-varying systems - comparison of two regularization strategies
PublikacjaThe problem of identification of a time-varying FIR system is considered and solved using the local basis function approach. It is shown that the estimation (tracking) results can be improved by means of regularization. Two variants of regularization are proposed and compared: the classical L2 (ridge) regularization and a new, reweighted L2 one. It is shown that the new approach can outperform the classical one and is computationally...
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The hybrid estimation algorithm for wastewater treatment plant robust model predictive control purposes at medium time scale
PublikacjaThe paper proposes an approach to designing the hybrid estimation algorithm/module (HEA) with moving measurements window for Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) Robust Model Predictive Control (RMPC) purposes at medium time scale. The RMPC uses a dedicated grey-box model of biological reactor for the system outputs prediction purposes. The grey-box model parameters are dependant on the plant operating point. Hence, these parameters...
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The Dynamics of Trade Relations between Ukraine and Romania: Modelling and Forecasting
PublikacjaThe article examines the monthly dynamics of exports, imports and balance of trade between Ukraine and Romania in the period from 2005 to 2021. Time series from 2015 to 2021 were used for modelling and forecasting (since the date the European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement took effect). Adequate models of the dynamics series of the Box-Jenkins methodology were built: additive models with seasonal component ARIMA (Autoregressive...
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Multi-Agent Signal Filtering for Electrical Energy Demand Management
PublikacjaConsumers participating in electrical energy Demand Response (DR) programs may be exposed to energy-use related decisions at instants of time which are generally hard to predict. This is especially cumbersome to residential consumers who are less capable of investing in special equipment, or devoting significant time to analyze information and take decisions. To ease residential consumer participation, a multi-agent system proposed...
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Monitoring and analytics of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in indoor air
PublikacjaThis paper reviews literature information on the behaviour of semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in the indoor environment, as well as the most likely emission sources. The consecutive stages of analytical procedures used for monitoring SVOCs in indoor environments are described. The most common approaches used for collecting samples from the gas and particulate phases are mentioned. The paper discusses and compares various...
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A state of the art review on the use of fungi in biofiltration to remove volatile hydrophobic pollutants
PublikacjaThe physical/chemical abatement of gas pollutants creates many technical problems, is costly and entails significant environmental impacts. Biological purification of off-gases is a cheap and ecologically safe way of neutralization of gas pollutants. Despite the recent advances, the main technological challenge nowadays is the purification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of hydrophobic character due to their low solubility...
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Głowice optoelektroniczne bezzałogowych środków latających
PublikacjaBezzałogowe środki latające nie wymagają długiego i kosztownego szkolenia załóg. Koszty ich wdrożenia są wielokrotnie niższe od załogowych środków latających. Bezzałogowe środki latające są następcami załogowych pojazdów latających rozpoznawczych i obserwacyjnych. Jednym z podstawowych elementów wyposażania bezzałogowego środka latającego jest głowica optoelektroniczna. Głowice wyposażone są w systemy rejestracji i śledzenia wskazanych...
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AUDITORY DISPLAY FROM THE MUSIC TECHNOLOGY PERSPECTIVE . Obecność wirtualnego środowiska dźwiękowego w technologiach muzycznych
PublikacjaThis paper presents some applications of Auditory Displays (AD) in the domain of music technology. First, the scope of music technology and auditory display areas are shortly outlined. Then, the research trends and system solutions within the fields of music technology, music information retrieval and music recommendation are discussed. Finally, an example of an auditory display that facilities music annotation process based on...
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rigid polyurethane foams modified with selected nanofillers
PublikacjaThe nanofillers: natural montmoryllonite (MMT) - Bentonite, natural MMT modified with a quaternary ammonium salt - Cloisite30B, has been used in rigid polyurethane foams (PUFs). The influence of fillers amounts on processing parameters, physical-mechanical properties (density, water absorption, brittleness and compression strength) and thermal properties (thermal stability, fire behaviours) of such foams has been analysed. The...