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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: wealth inequalities
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Natural sweeteners: Sources, extraction and current uses in foods and food industries
PublikacjaFood producers have leaned towards alternative natural and synthetic sweeteners in food formulations to satisfy market demands. Even so, several synthetic sweeteners (e.g., aspartame, saccharin, sucralose) are becoming less popular due to health-related concerns, lower nutritional values, and controversies around their safety. Conversely, natural sweeteners confer favourable customer perceptions due to their association to a healthier...
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Application of ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of porous membrane packed liquid samples for polyphenols determination in wine samples
PublikacjaPolyphenols play a crucial role in a proper human health maintenance as well as their presence very often correspond to the quality assessment of producs like wine. Thus, their monitoring is of high interest. However, as they occur in a complex matrices their extraction is very often necessary prior the analysis. Herein, a new ultrasound-assisted solvent extraction of porous membrane packed liquid sample technique has been optimized...
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Renewable natural resources as green alternative substrates to obtain bio-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes-review
PublikacjaCommercially available polyurethanes are synthesized by the polyaddition of diisocyanates with polyols and low molecular weight chain extenders. A new approach to polyurethanes synthesis is realized via non-isocyanate routes. Negative impacts of petroleum-based chemicals on the environment and human health as well as gradual reduction of fuel-based resources, which leads to an increase in their prices, are an incentive to looking...
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Aminy w środowisku - niebezpieczeństwo czy jego naturalny element?
PublikacjaA lot of amines and their compounds are used in the industry. First of all they are used for the preparation of medicines, plant protection agents, fertilizers and plastics. Amines are also released into the environment as a result of natural biological processes such as the release of certain species of flowers to lure insects, and also biochemical breakdown of amino acids in the protein during decomposition of organic matter. Unfortunately,...
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Application of Electronic Nose to Ambient Air Quality Evaluation With Respect to Odour Nuisance in Vicinity of Municipal Landfills and Sewage Treatment
PublikacjaThis chapter contains information about application of the electronic nose type instruments to evaluation of ambient air odour quality connected with such sectors of human activity as municipal landfills or sewage treatment plants. The authors present potential sources of emission from these sectors, characterize the chemical compounds responsible for presence of unpleasant odours, describe the influence of those compounds on human...
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Numerical Model of the Aortic Valve Implanted Within Real Human Aorta
PublikacjaCardiovascular system diseases are the main cause of deaths in developed and developing countries. The main reasons are myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke and valvular diseases. These are caused mainly by arteriosclerosis. The valvular diseases involve a significant burden for the health care system and their frequency is rising with the patient age. This work describes the tools and numerical models appropriate for modeling...
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Niobiany ziem rzadkich - właściwości i zastosowania
PublikacjaRare earth niobates are a very interesting group of materials. These compound have different properties which could be changes in a wide range by appropriate doping. X-Ray diffraction examinations for some compounds of RE3NbO7 group were shown
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Lanthanide co-doped TiO2: the effect of metal type and amount on surface properties and photocatalytic activity
PublikacjaPreparation of new rare earth metal-containing TiO2 nanocomposites (Nd3+/Er3+, Nd3+/Eu3+, Eu3+/Ho3+-TiO2) using sol–gel route and their photoactivity under visible and ultraviolet light is reported. The obtained photocatalysts were subsequently characterized by Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, UV–Vis diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), luminescence spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray powder diffraction...
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Low-frequency tripping characteristics of residual current devices
PublikacjaFast development of various types of converters makes their utilization in industry and in domestic installations very common. Due to converters, an earth fault current waveform in modern circuits can be distorted or its frequency can be different than 50/60 Hz. Frequency of earth fault (residual) current influences tripping of residual current devices which are widely used in low voltage systems. This paper presents the behaviour...
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LabVIEW-based intelligent system of protection against electric shock for photovoltaic installations
PublikacjaEvaluation of shock hazard in installations with photovoltaic sources of energy is more complicated than in a conventional low voltage system. In case of earth fault in photovoltaic generators, that are connected to the AC power public grid, a composite waveform of earth fault current in the installation may occur. For composite waveforms, the safety criteria should be modified. The paper considers the effect of the composite waveforms...
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O projektowaniu ściany szczelinowej
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono proces weryfikacji i porównania obliczeń otrzymanych z programu bazującego na metodzie elementów skończonych z wynikami analitycznymi dla analizowanej ściany szczelinowej z przyporą ziemną. Dodatkowo autorzy dokonali krótkiego przeglądu literatury z zakresu ścian szczelinowych.
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Jaw biomechanics: Estimation of activity of muscles acting at the temporomandibular joint
PublikacjaThe aim of this study was to elaborate a method of estimation of activity of surface muscles acting at the temporomandibular joint of the healthy subjects by using a surface electromyography (EMG). The scope of this study involved testing chosen jaw motions (open, close, lateral deviation) and process of mastication occurring during eating food with different toughness (chewing gum, cereal and carrot) by using mixed sides, right...
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Mild poikilocapnic hypoxia increases very low frequency haemoglobin oxygenation oscillations in prefrontal cortex
PublikacjaBackground: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of mild cerebral hypoxia on haemoglobin oxygenation(HbO2), cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and cardiovascular physiology. To achieve this goal, four signals were recorded simultaneously: blood pressure, heart rate / electrocardiogram, HbO2 from right hemisphere and changes of subarachnoid space (SAS) width from left hemisphere. Signals were registered from 30 healthy,...
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Maxillary sinus aeration analysis using computational fluid dynamics
PublikacjaThe maxillary sinus aeration using the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method based on individual adult patients’ computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed. The analysis was based on CT images of 4 patients: one with normal nose anatomy and three with nasal septal deviation (NSD) and concha bullosa (CB). The CFD simulation was performed using the Reynolds-Average Simulation approach and turbulence closure based on linear...
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Novel therapeutic compound acridine–retrotuftsin action on biological forms of melanoma and neuroblastoma
PublikacjaPURPOSE: As a continuation of our search for anticancer agents, we have synthesized a new acridine-retrotuftsin analog HClx9-[Arg(NO2)-Pro-Lys-Thr-OCH3]-1-nitroacridine (named ART) and have evaluated its activity against melanoma and neuroblastoma lines. Both tumors develop from cells (melanocytes, neurons) of neuroectodermal origin, and both are tumors with high heterogeneity and unsatisfactory susceptibility to chemotherapies....
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Working in harmony with nature. Green office buildings in a present-day city
PublikacjaMetropolis - as main point of people's migration, mostly because of work, have to face sustainable development as a strategy for the near future. This article describes possible ways leading to the best office building concepts in the design process. Searching for a workspace in harmony with nature is one of the aspects of a balanced development. The challenge is to create functional, compact, environmentally friendly and healthy...
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New conjugates of mycophenolic acid and their antiproliferative activity
PublikacjaThe new conjugates of mycophenolic acid (MPA) were obtained in the reaction of N6-(ω-aminoalkyl)adenosines with MPA in the presence of EDCI as a coupling reagent. New compounds 4a–h were evaluated on leukemia cell line (Jurkat) and PBMC from healthy donors. Length of the linker influenced observed activity. The compound 4b possessing 1,3-diamine spacer exhibited the most promising results and can be considered to further investigations.
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Bezzałogowe środki latające (BSL) w układzie czterowirnikowego helikoptera
PublikacjaRozwój układów sterowania, kamer pracujących w świetle widzialnym oraz w podczerwieni doprowadził do wzrostu znaczenia bezpilotowych środków latających. Bezpilotowe środki latające wykorzystywane są do realizacji celów zarówno wojskowych, jak i cywilnych. Podstawowymi zaletami bezpilotowych środków latających są: małe wymiary, duża mobilność, niskie koszty wytworzenia i eksploatacji. Użytkowanie bezpilotowych środków latających...
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A large family of filled skutterudites stabilized by electron count
PublikacjaThe Zintl concept is important in solid-state chemistry to explain how some compounds that combine electropositive and main group elements can be stable at formulas that at their simplest level do not make any sense. The electronegative elements in such compounds form a polyatomic electron-accepting molecule inside the solid, a ‘polyanion’, that fills its available energy states with electrons from the electropositive elements...
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The Current State-of-the-Art in the Determination of Pharmaceutical Residues in Environmental Matrices Using Hyphenated Techniques
PublikacjaSeveral thousand tons of pharmaceuticals and their transformation products (metabolites and degradation products) are introduced into the environment each year. They affect both human health and the environment, therefore, analytical procedures enabling the determination of a wide range of pharmaceuticals at trace levelswithminimal effort, time, and energy are required. Nowadays, hyphenated techniques are commonly applied in pharmaceutical...
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Pharmaceutical and forensic drug applications of chiral supercritical fluid chromatography
PublikacjaTHE SUPERCRITICAL FLUID IS AN EXCELLENT CHOICE AS THE CHROMATOGRAPHIC MOBILE PHASE BECAUSE IT ALLOWS RAPID SEPARATION WITH HIGH EFFICIENCY AND APPLICATIONS INVOLVING ENANTIORESOLUTION ARE COMMON. SUPERCRITICAL FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (SFC) IS INCREASINGLY USED FOR ANALYTICAL, SEMI-PREPARATIVE AND PREPARATIVE PURIFICATION OF CHIRAL COMPOUNDS, INCLUDING PRODUCTION OF ENANTIOMERS THAT ARE MAINLY ENCOUNTERED DURING DRUG DEVELOPMENT. SFC...
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The flavour of fruit spirits and fruit liqueurs: a review
PublikacjaFruit spirits and liqueurs are among the most popular spirit-based beverages made from fruits such as plums, cherries, melon, apple, citrus and pear. The types of fruits and production methods have a great significance for the quality of the final product. The production process of spirits consists of the following stages: fermentation, distillation and maturation. For this reason scientists started to investigate the composition...
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3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol in Infant Foods and Human Breast Milk: Determination by GC-MS
Publikacja3-Monochloropropane-1,2-diol is one of the food borne contaminants called chloropropanols. Over the last decade plenty of analytical methods was developed in order to determine 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol in its free and bound form in various foodstuffs with the use of GC-FID, GC-ECD, LC-TOFMS and finally GC-MS, which is now widely used in laboratories. The aim of this research was the determination of 3-monochloropropane--1,2-diol...
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Space syntax analysis - methodology of understanding the space
PublikacjaNowadays space is considered as a net of connections between different areas. The questions how to delineate its character and how it is possible to objectively compare two spaces is the matter under consideration. This was the reason for creating new theories about the structure of place. "Space syntax analysis" (SSA) or simply "Space Syntax" defines a number of theories and research areas devoted to the analysis of space configuration....
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Air quality policy in the U.S. and the EU – a review
PublikacjaThe high level of atmospheric pollution is a global problem that has taken on particular significance in recent years and will continue to grow in the near future. Air pollution directly affects the health, living organisms, vegetation, water, soil and buildings. Additionally, it moves easily even over long distances. Certain air pollutants influence the climate, cause negative processes in the protective ozone layer and contribute...
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Environmentally Oriented Models and Methods for the Evaluation of Drug x Drug Interaction Effects
PublikacjaThis detailed review compares known and widely used methods for drug interaction estimation, some of which now have historical significance. Pharmaceutical application has been noted as far back as several thousand years ago. Relatively late in the 20th century, however, researchers became aware that their fate and metabolism, which still remain a great challenge for environmental analysts and risk assessors. For the patient’s...
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The use of bioassays in the analysis of environmental samples
PublikacjaToxicological tests are increasingly used as effective tool to complement the information obtained during the environmental monitoring. Moreover bioassays provide basic knowledge about the health effects of exposure to harmful factors associated with the environment. Toxicity tests might be a source of information about the content of pollutants in the sample, and the possibility of their interactions. They can be considered as...
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White cabbage in the biofumigation process- expectations and perspectives
PublikacjaHealth risks related to common use of pesticides and artificial fertilizers raised the interest in alteranative methods of crop protection, among them biofumigation is becoming the most promising. In this process certain natural compounds, mainly degradation products of glucosinolates produced by Brassica species are used to combat pests and microorganisms attacking crops. Increased synthesis of these bioactive compounds can be...
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Molecularly imprinted polymers based on deep eutectic solvents as a greenest materials for selective extraction of emerging contaminants from complex samples
PublikacjaSome of the reagents applied in the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) may impact on health and the environment. Thus, a new generation of promising green chemicals are nowadays introduced and investigated, including deep eutectic solvents (DESs). DESs seems to be a reasonable choice as they are characterized as non-toxic, low cost, easy to prepare and biodegradable chemicals. This review presents the information...
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How Sport Innovations Can Shape Sustainable Cities: An Interdisciplinary Approach
PublikacjaLeveraging the potential of sport can play a significant role in shaping cities of tomorrow, generate environmental and social change. The integration of sport into city planning can provide multiple benefits, such as promoting physical activity, health, well-being, and enhancing social cohesion. However to date, there is a lack of research on the potential of sport innovations to enhance the sustainable development of cities....
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Food Bioactive Ingredients Processing Using Membrane Distillation
PublikacjaSeparation processes are an important part of today’s food industries, especially in the case of specific bioactive components due to their health benefits. In general, processing of bioactive food ingredients assumes the introduction of integrated system directed to their separation, fractionation, and recovery. Recently, membrane distillation (MD) has been considered as an alternative membrane-based separation and concentration...
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Phage therapy as a novel strategy in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by E. coli
PublikacjaUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are regarded as one of the most common bacterial infections affecting millions of people, in all age groups, annually in the world. The major causative agent of complicated and uncomplicated UTIs are uropathogenic E. coli strains (UPECs). Huge problems with infections of this type are their chronicity and periodic recurrences. Other disadvantages that are associated with UTIs are accompanying complications...
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Chronic Rhinosinusitis—Microbiological Etiology, Potential Genetic Markers, and Diagnosis
PublikacjaChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a significant public health problem. Bacterial colonization and impaired mucociliary clearance play a significant role in the inflammatory process. Several inflammatory pathways and host defense elements are altered in CRS, which may contribute to observed differences in the microbiome. To date, researching CRS has been difficult due to limited access to the studied tissue and a lack of available...
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Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Uses for Air Purification
PublikacjaChemical compounds released into the air by the activities of industrial plants and emitted from many other sources, including in households (paints, waxes, cosmetics, disinfectants, plastic (PVC) flooring), may affect the environment and human health. Thus, air purification is an important issue in the context of caring for the condition of the environment. Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as liquids with environmentally friendly...
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Recent advances in aqueous virus removal technologies
PublikacjaThe COVID-19 outbreak has triggered a massive research, but still urgent detection and treatment of this virus seems a public concern. The spread of viruses in aqueous environments underlined efficient virus treatment processes as a hot challenge. This review critically and comprehensively enables identifying and classifying advanced biochemical, membrane-based and disinfection processes for effective treatment of virus-contaminated...
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Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Mutual Dependence Assessment of Selected Polyphenols, Organic Acids and Metals in Cool-Climate Wines
PublikacjaPolyphenols, organic acids and metal ions are an important group of compounds that affect the human health and quality of food and beverage products, including wines. It is known that a specific correlation between these groups exist. While wines coming from the New World and the Old World countries are extensively studied, wines coming from cool-climate countries are rarely discussed in the literature. One of the goals of this...
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Short and Long Term Measurements in Assessment of FRP Composite Footbridge Behavior
PublikacjaThe paper presents application of different sensors for the purpose of short and long term measurements, as well as a structural health monitoring (SHM) system to assess the behavior of a novel fiber reinforced plastics (FRP) composite footbridge. The aim is to present a thorough and concise description of these sensors networks and results gathered with their aid during in situ measurement of strains, displacements, and vibrations,...
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Detection, identification and determination of chiral pharmaceutical residues in wastewater: Problems and challenges
PublikacjaChiral pharmaceuticals (CPs) are widely used in different areas of human life, thus they are frequentlydetected in different ecosystems. However, before CPs reach the environment, wastewater is subjected todifferent treatment processes in order to remove them. Nevertheless, such processes may affect thechirality of CPs, thus it is very important to monitor CP levels during the wastewater treatment.This review addresses the present...
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Remote Monitoring of Environmental Pollutants
PublikacjaAtmospheric air quality is one of the key factors influencing human health. Air quality evaluation is not an easy task as the atmosphere is a complex system subjected to continuous changes in time. Observed progress in the development of measurement devices and technologies is fundamental for acquisition of more reliable information about condition and quality of atmospheric air. Unfortunately, this process leads to an increase...
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Removal of Pharmaceutically Active Compounds in Sequencing Batch Reactor
PublikacjaIn recent years, considerable attention was paid to the presence of organic micro-pollutants such as Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (API) in the aquatic environment due to their negative impact on public health and aquatic ecosystems. Numerous papers have pointed out API presence as common constituents of effluents from Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). This is the result of various efficiencies of API removal by conventional...
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Interactions with recognized patients using smart glasses
PublikacjaRecently, different smart glasses solutions have been proposed on the market. The rapid development of this wearable technology has led to several research projects related to applications of smart glasses in healthcare. In this paper we propose a general architecture of the system enabling data integration for the recognized person. In the proposed system smart glasses integrates data obtained for the recognized patient from health...
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Detection, identification and determination of resveratrol in wine. Problems and challenges
PublikacjaResveratrol is a compound synthesized by plants in response to unfavorable conditions of growth like mechanical injury, siege of bacteria or fungi and UV exposure. It is concentrated mostly in grapes skin and further more in the products made from grapes especially red wines. Each wine is characterized by different amount of given stilbene since its occurrence is affected by many factors like: types of grapes, environment (climate,...
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State-of-the-art ideas for engineering laboratory classes – virtual reality framework
PublikacjaNowadays challenges in science and technology are a driving force in the development of contemporary solutions in education. Virtual reality brings to an edge human imagination. In this paper, authors propose a framework for civil engineering laboratory classes which brings a new quality in this area. The framework shows how to provide learners with an environment where they can realize the health and safety hazards of construction...
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Advances in mass spectrometry for iron speciation in plants
PublikacjaIron is an important nutrient essential for plants and critical for human health. The state-of-the art of methods for iron speciation in cereal grains and plant fluids is critically reviewed. Particular attention is given to the latest developments in the coupling of HPLC with the parallel ICP MS and electrospray ionization (ESI) MS/MS detection, usually QTOF MS or Q-Orbitrap MS, for the identification and quantification of iron...
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Evaluation of the Electronic Nose Used for Monitoring Environmental Pollution
PublikacjaAir pollution is a one of the major concern of civilized world, which has a significant impact on human health and the environment. Recent studies highlight that the exposure to polluted air can increase the incidence of diseases and deteriorate the quality of life. Hence, it is necessary to develop tools for real-time air quality monitoring. Electronic-nose systems based on sensors are an interesting and promising technology in...
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Determination of thiocyanate as a biomarker of tobacco smoke constituents in selected biological materials of human origin
Publikacjan order to protect human health, it is necessary to biomonitor toxic substances originating from tobacco smoke in biological materials sampled from persons with different exposures to tobacco smoke constituents. Thiocyanate anion is a biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke components which is characterized by a relatively long half‐life in the human body, i.e. 6 days. In this work, we present the results of thiocyanate determinations...
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Indoor air quality in public utility environments-a review
PublikacjaIndoor air quality has been the object of interest for scientists and specialists from the fields of science such as chemistry, medicine and ventilation system design. This results from a considerable number of potential factors, which may influence the quality of the broadly understood indoor air in a negative way. Poor quality of indoor air in various types of public utility buildings may significantly affect an increase in the...
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Make lighting healthier
PublikacjaLife on Earth evolved in day-and-night cycles. Plants and animals, including insects such as the fruit fly, have a biological clock that controls their circadian rhythms — as the 2017 winners of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine showed. Now, humans’ increasing reliance on artificial lighting is changing those rhythms.
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Searching for the primary metabolic alterations of polycystic ovary syndrome by application of the untargeted metabolomics approach
PublikacjaDespite a large number of studies, the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) still remains unexplained. In light of ambiguous observations reported in metabolomics, there is a need to carry out studies focusing on confirming the discriminating power of the proposed metabolomics biomarkers. Our research aimed to perform a validation study of metabolites detected in our previous study from serum samples, on the new set...
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Comparison of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and near-infrared transillumination-backscattering sounding (NIR-T/BSS) methods
PublikacjaThe aim of the study was to compare simultaneously recorded a NIR-T/BSS and NIRS signals from healthy volunteers. NIR-T/BSS is a device which give an ability to non-invasively detect and monitor changes in the subarachnoid space width (SAS). Experiments were performed on a group of 30 healthy volunteers (28 males and 2 females, age 30.8 ± 13.4 years, BMI = 24.5 ± 2.3 kg/m2). We analysed recorded signals using analysis methods based...