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Search results for: HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENT
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Losses and energy efficiency of drive motors and systems
PublicationLosses and energy efficiency of every drive motor must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses in the motor. Such quantities are speed and load required by the machine or device driven by the motor, changing in the drive operating field. Speed and load of the motor decide of the instantaneous useful power of the motor and also in a differentiated way of kinds and values of losses occurring in the...
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Losses and energy efficiency of drive motors and systems
PublicationLosses and energy efficiency of every drive motor must be presented as functions of physical quantities independent of losses in the motor. Such quantities are speed and load required by the machine or device driven by the motor, changing in the drive operating field. Speed and load of the motor decide of the instantaneous useful power of the motor and also in a differentiated way of kinds and values of losses occurring in the...
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Modeling of pharmaceuticals mixtures toxicity with deviation ratio and best-fit functions models
PublicationThe present study deals with assessment of ecotoxicological parameters of 9 drugs (diclofenac (sodium salt), oxytetracycline hydrochloride, fluoxetine hydrochloride, chloramphenicol, ketoprofen, progesterone, estrone, androstenedione and gemfibrozil), present in the environmental compartments at specific concentration levels, and theirmutual combinations by couples against Microtox® and XenoScreen YES/YAS® bioassays. As the quantitative...
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Determination of Vehicles Load Equivalency Factors for Polish Catalogue of Typical Flexible and Semi-rigid Pavement Structures
PublicationThe new Polish Catalog of Typical Flexible and Semi-rigid Pavement Structures was introduced to use in practice in 2014. Much of works were focused on actualization of vehicles load equivalency factors. For this purpose data delivered from weigh-inmotion were analyzed. Four methods of determination of load equivalency factors for pavement structure design were compared. The analysis showed that fourth power equation, AASHTO 1993...
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Photoinduced electron transfer in 5-bromouracil labeled DNA. A contrathermodynamic mechanism revisited by electron transfer theories
PublicationThe understanding of the 5-bromouracil (BrU) based photosensitization mechanism of DNA damage is of large interest due to the potential applications in photodynamic therapy. Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) in BrU labeled duplexes comprising the 50 -GBrU or 50 -ABrU sequence showed that a much lower reactivity was found for the 50 -GBrU pattern. Since the ionization potential of G is lower than that of A, this sequence selectivity...
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The Use of Liquid Crystal Thermography an Image Processing in Heat and Fluid-Flow Research
PublicationLiquid crystal thermography (LCT) have been used in many technical, industrial and biomedical applications [1]. During over 20 years it has been successfully applied in Department of Energy and Industrial Apparatus at Gdansk University of Technology for visualization of steady-state and transient temperature fields. In order to demonstrate feasibility of LCT techniques in practical heat transfer contexts, the authors have performed...
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Thermal Energy Development in Magnetohydrodynamic Flow Utilizing Titanium Dioxide, Copper Oxide and Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles: Thermal Dispersion and Heat Generating Formularization
PublicationThe main aim of this article heat transfer in thermal engineering deals with the production, use, transformation, and transfer of thermal energy. Engineering and industrial fields including food packaging, the production of food additives, electronic cooling, microturbines, etc. heavily rely on heat transmission. Due to its intriguing potential in industries like the production of polymers, paper, crystal glass, etc., scientists...
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Numerical analysis of crack propagation in silicone nitride
PublicationThe properties of ceramics, specifically low density, high hardness, high temperature capability and low coefficient of thermal expansion are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. The influence of ring crack size on rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such cracks are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculation...
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Modification of Selected Propagation Models in Terms of Path Loss Estimation in Container Terminal
PublicationIt is particularly important to look for any propagation model that could be useful for designing mobile radio networks in container terminal environment. Selected propagation models have been investigated. Firstly - basing on measurements results - they have been evaluated in this scope and the analysis has shown, that the adjustment is needed. This modification improved significantly the accuracy of path loss modelling. For the...
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Probability distribution of flicker noise in AuNPdecorated graphene–Si Schottky barrier diode
PublicationWe present results of the probability distribution analysis of flicker noise generated in Au nanoparticle (AuNP) decorated graphene–Si Schottky barrier diodes with and without yellow light illumination (592 nm), close to the localized surface plasmon resonance in the AuNPs (586 nm). The AuNPs occupy imperfections in the single-layer graphene and reduce the flicker noise intensity generated in the graphene layer. The estimated probability...
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System Loss Model for Body-to-Body Networks in Indoor and Outdoor Environments
PublicationA system loss model for body-to-body networks in indoor and outdoor environments is proposed in this paper, based on measurements taken at 2.45 GHz. The influence of the type of environment, antenna visibility and user mobility on model parameters has been investigated. A significant impact of mutual antennas’ placement and their visibility is shown. The proposed model fits well to empirical data, with the average root mean square...
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Automated detection of sleep apnea and hypopnea events based on robust airflow envelope tracking
PublicationThe paper presents a new approach to detection of apnea/hypopnea events, in the presence of artifacts and breathing irregularities, from a single-channel airflow record. The proposed algorithm identifies segments of signal affected by a high amplitude modulation corresponding to apnea/hypopnea events. It is shown that a robust airflow envelope—free of breathing artifacts—improves effectiveness of the diagnostic process and allows...
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Metody analizy nośności słupów żelbetowych z uwzględnieniem pełzania betonu
PublicationZgodnie z Eurokodem 2 nośność smukłych słupów żelbetowych można obliczać stosując uproszczone metody uwzględniania efektów II rzędu. W obliczeniach tych słupów istotną rolę odgrywa pełzanie, którego wpływ jest najmniej rozpoznany. W pracy zaproponowano dwa modele numeryczne uwzględniania wpływu pełzania. W pierwszym wpływ pełzania uwzględniono przez modyfikację charakterystyki materiałowej betonu, w drugim zastosowano prawo pełzania...
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Magnetic properties of ferromagnetic Pu2Pt3Si5
PublicationThe structural, magnetic, and thermodynamic properties of a new plutonium based compound, Pu2Pt3Si5, are reported. Single crystals produced by a Sn-flux technique have been analyzed showing a ferromagnetic behavior at 58 K. Pu2Pt3Si5 crystallizes in the U2Co3Si5-type orthorhombic Iabm structure (s.g. 72) with atomic parameters a = 9.9226(2) Å, b = 11.4436(2) Å and c = 6.0148(1) Å. The effective (leff 0.74 lB/Pu) and saturated (rsat...
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Label‐free optical detection of cyclosporine in biological fluids
PublicationIn this paper, a spectroscopic method for determination of cyclosporine concentrations in biological fluids is presented. Blood plasma and hemoglobin solutions are chosen for the experiment. For various cyclosporine concentrations in blood plasma and hemoglobin, absorbance measurements in spectra range from 600 to 1100 nm are performed. The measurement results are analyzed by the use of a dedicated algorithm. The obtained data...
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Short-range order structure and free volume distribution in liquid bismuth: X-ray diffraction and computer simulations studies
PublicationThe structure of liquid bismuth was studied by X-ray diffraction and computer simulation methods. The contraction of the atomic structure within the first coordination sphere in the temperature interval of 575- 1225 K is reported. The temperature dependencies of the coordination numbers and of the free volume are analysed. On the basis of the temperature dependencies of the free volume, the temperature dependencies of viscosity...
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On DoA estimation for rotating arrays using stochastic maximum likelihood approach
PublicationThe flexibility needed to construct DoA estimators that can be used with rotating arrays subject to rapid variations of the signal frequency is offered by the stochastic maximum likelihood approach. Using a combination of analytic methods and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that for low and moderate source correlations the stochastic maximum likelihood estimator that assumes noncorrelated sources has accuracy comparable to the...
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Numerical investigation on the performance of a small counter-rotating wind turbine
PublicationThe article presents the results of the investigation on the performance of a small counter-rotating wind turbine. The wind turbine has been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics methods. Actuator Line Model has been successfully used to represent rotors in the computational domain. A parametric study has been carried out, taking into account changes in the tip speed ratio of the rotors while maintaining a constant distance...
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Style Transfer for Detecting Vehicles with Thermal Camera
PublicationIn this work we focus on nighttime vehicle detection for intelligent traffic monitoring from the thermal camera. To train a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) detector we create a stylized version of COCO (Common Objects in Context) dataset using Style Transfer technique that imitates images obtained from thermal cameras. This new dataset is further used for fine-tuning of the model and as a result detection accuracy on images...
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The efficiency of scientific activities and technology transfer in higher education in Poland
PublicationThe objective of the article is to measure and evaluate the efficiency of scientific activity and technology transfer to the economy by public higher education institutions (HEIs) in Poland and to formulate recommendations for state policy to increase the effectiveness of the technology transfer process by them. The study measured scientific activity and technology transfer separately in two groups of higher education institutions...
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A review of phase change materials and heat enhancement methodologies
PublicationPhase change materials (PCMs) are an efficient alternative to store and release heat at a specific range of temperature. Here PCMs and heat enhancement methodologies for PCM storage are reviewed. A short overview of PCMs and their applications is presented in addition to the progress during the last 10 years. Heat enhancement techniques, that is, extended surfaces, multiple and composite PCMs, and encapsulation techniques, are...
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Critical Reappraisal of Casagrande and Taylor Methods for Coefficient of Consolidation
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Heat Dissipation from the Power Cable in the Casing Pipe
PublicationThe current carrying capacity of a power cable determines its ability to carry a specific current and is related to the efficiency of dissipation of heat generated in the cable laid in a specific environment. The studies were conducted in order to determine how the characteristics of the medium around the cable affected its temperature, and thus the ability of the cable to transmit electricity. The experimentation in the lab and...
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Port-based approach to distributed transfer function method
PublicationIn the paper there is presented an uniform, port-based approach to modeling of both lumped and distributed parameter systems. Port-based model of distributed system has been defined by application of distributed transfer function method (DTFM). The approach proposed combines versatility of port - based modeling and accuracy of distributed transfer function method. It enables to formulate appropriate input data for computer analysis...
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Examining the Impact of Distance Between VSL Road Signs on Vehicle Speed Variance
PublicationVariable speed limit (VSL) is an intelligent transportation system (ITS) solution for traffic management. The speed limits can be changed dynamically to adapt to traffic conditions such as visibility and traffic volume, curvature, and grip coefficient of the road surface. The VSL traffic sign location problem and attempts to solve it using computer simulation are presented in this paper. Experiments on a selected road segment,...
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Temperature Fiber-Optic Sensor with ZnO ALD Coating
PublicationThis study presents a microsphere-based fiber-optic sensor with a ZnO Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD) coating thickness of 100 nm for temperature measurements. Metrological properties of the sensor were investigated over the temperature range of 100 °C to 300 °C, with a 10 °C step. An interferometric signal is used to control whether the microstructure is whole. Spectrum shift of a reflected signal is used to ascertain changes in...
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Cylindrical orifice testing in laminar flow with the orifice diameter ratio β = 0.5
PublicationThe paper presents the results of an experimental study of a cylindrical orifice with the orifice diameter ratio β = 0.5 and the flow opening length‑to‑diameter ratio L/d = 1, with hydraulic oil flowing in the DN50 measuring channel. The measurements of the values characterising the oil flow were made in the laminar flow regime, for the Reynolds numbers ranging between Re = 100 to 950. Based on the experimental tests, standard...
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Experimental Study of Polish Sausage Drying Kinetics and Contraction by Image Data Analysis
PublicationThe goal of this paper has been to add an experimental data set for drying a meat product and provide a comparison with well-established thin-layer drying models. This article presented experimental investigations on the convective drying of Polish sausage slices at a temperature of 40°C. Slices have been in the thickness of 3 to 8mm. Measurements of mass loss and size change were performed. The data have been presented in the...
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Shape Optimisation of Kaplan Turbine Blades Using Genetic Algorithms
PublicationThis monograph is a comprehensive guide to a method of blade profile optimisation for Kaplan-type turbines. This method is based on modelling the interaction between rotor and stator blades. Additionally, the shape of the draft tube is investigated. The influence of the periodic boundary condition vs. full geometry is also discussed. Evolutionary algorithms (EA) are used as an optimisation method together with artificial neural...
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INVESTIGATION OF JOURNAL SLIDE BEARINGS UNDER THE ANGLE OF THEIR FUNCTIONING
PublicationPaper presents the structure and principle of operation of a stand for measurements of influence of the lubrication method and process on functioning of journal slide bearings in their various technical states. Measurements performed on the stand make it possible to take advantage of the new method of evaluating the influence of physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil on the coefficient of friction in the mixed friction...
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Errors in the analysis of series resonant inverter/converter assuming sinusoidal waveforms of voltage and current
PublicationIn this paper the theory and simulation results of the series resonant inverter / converter are presented. In this work the authors carried out a detailed comparative analysis of results obtained using the method of AC analysis in the steady state for the first harmonic with the results of computer simulation. The AC analysis under certain conditions can lead to errors disqualifying this method. In particular, these errors appear...
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Structural properties of hypothetical CeBa2Cu3O7 compound from LSDA+DMFT calculations
PublicationThe hypothetical stoichiometric CeBa2Cu3O7 (Ce123) compound, which has not been synthesized as a single phase yet, was studied by the density functional theory (DFT). We utilized a method which merges the local spin density approximation (LSDA) with the dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) to account for the electronic correlations. The LSDA+DMFT calculations were performed in the high-temperature range. The particular emphasis was...
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Structure and thermoelectric properties of bismuth telluride—Carbon composites
PublicationCarbon nanotubes and amorphous carbon have been introduced into a bismuth telluride matrix (0.15 and 0.30 wt.% ratio) to investigate the influence of the carbon on the composite’s thermoelectric properties. Composites with well-dispersed additives have been obtained by sonication and ball-milling methodology. Carbon nanotubes and an amorphous carbon addition led to a decrease in electric conductivity from 1120 S/cm to 77 S/cm....
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The Impact Of The Selected Parameters Of Fdm Manufacturing Technology On Tribological Performance Of Abs–Steel Pair Under Dry Friction
PublicationThe paper presents the result of tribological test of ABS and steel samples sliding under dry friction. Polymeric samples were manufactured of ABS material using FDM technology. Testing was carried out in unidirectional sliding in a ring-on-flat contact in a PT-3 tribometer. The scope of tested parameters included volumetric and mass wear, the friction coefficient, and polymeric specimen temperature. Polymeric specimens used in...
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Defining the thermal conductivity of thermally heterogeneous hollow wall bricks used as elements for increasing the comfort of buildings
PublicationThe article presents numerical calculation analysis in the scope of determining thermal conductivity coefficientλeq[W/(m·K)] of thermally heterogeneous hollow bricks of thermally heterogeneous structure (a combinationof structural material with thermal insulation material). Numerical calculations were conducted by means ofprofessional software TRISCO-KOBRU 86, serving thermal circulation analysis in a 2D field in stationary approach.The...
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Optical-Spectrometry-Based Method for Immunosuppressant Medicine Level Detection in Aqueous Solutions
PublicationIn this paper, an investigation into detecting immunosuppressive medicine in aqueous solutions using a spectrometry-based technique is described. Using optical transmissive spectrometry, absorbance measurements in the spectra range from 250 nm to 1000 nm were carried out for different cyclosporine A (CsA) concentrations in aqueous solutions. The experiment was conducted for samples both with and without interferent substances—glucose...
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Miniaturization of ESPAR Antenna Using Low-Cost 3D Printing Process
PublicationIn this paper, the miniaturized electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna is presented. The size reduction was obtained by embedding its active and passive elements in polylactic acid (PLA) plastic material commonly used in low-cost 3D printing. The influence of 3D printing process imperfections on the ESPAR antenna design is investigated and a simple yet effective method to compensate them has been proposed....
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Heat tint colours on stainless steel and welded joints
PublicationSurface layer condition of stainless steels and welded joints influences strongly their corrosion resistance. This problem seems to be underestimated. This current study explains the phenomenon of heat tint forming on welds, the methods of its removal, inspection procedures after heat tint removing and post weld finishing
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A Compact Circularly Polarized Dielectric Resonator Antenna with MIMO Characterizations for UWB Applications
PublicationUltra-wideband (UWB) technology is extensively used in indoor navigation, medical applications, and Internet of Things (IoT) devices due to its low power consumption and resilience against multipath fading and losses. This paper examines a multiple input multiple-output (MIMO), circularly polarized (CP) dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) for UWB systems. Compact form factor, high gain, wideband response, improved port isolation,...
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Design and Optimization of a Compact Super-Wideband MIMO Antenna with High Isolation and Gain for 5G Applications
PublicationThis paper presents a super-wideband multiple-input multiple-output (SWB MIMO) antenna with low profile, low mutual coupling, high gain and compact size for microwave and millimeter wave (mm-wave) fifth-generation (5G) applications. A single antenna is a simple elliptical-square shape with a small physical size of 20 × 20 × 0.787 mm3. The combination of both square and elliptical shapes results in an exceptionally broad impedance...
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Structural and Dynamic Properties of Water within the Solvation Layer around Various Conformations of the Glycine-based Polypeptide
PublicationSeveral conformations of the solvated glycine-based polypeptides were investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. Some properties of water in the neighboring space around these molecules were investigated. It was found that water forms a well-defined layer—the first solvation shell—around the peptide molecule, and thickness of this layer is independent of the peptide structure and is equal to approximately 0.28 nm. Within...
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Gas boiler as a heat source for the domestic micro-CHP
PublicationIn the presented analysis a commercially available domestic gas boiler as a heat source for domestic ORC is considered. The applicability of the gas boiler (De Dietrich with thermal power 25 kW) coupled with the laboratory prototype micro ORC setup has experimentally studied. The main aim of the study is to determine the working fluid temperature, attainable heat rates and efficiencies of the whole system. Preliminary investigations...
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Gas boiler as a heat source for the domestic micro-CHP
PublicationThis analysis considers a commercially available domestic gas boiler as a heat source for a domestic organic Rankine cycle system. An experimental study was made into the applicability of the gas boiler (De Dietrich with thermal power 25 kW) coupled with the laboratory prototype micro ORC setup. The main aim of the study is to determine the working fluid temperature, attainable heat rates and effciencies of the whole system. Preliminary...
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Nuclear power plant as a source of electrical energy and heat
PublicationIn this paper certain issues concerning usage of nuclear power plants as sources of not only electric power but also thermal energy will be discussed. For such a solution appeals most of all the need to limit harmful emissions of gases (including CO2) and ashes, which come from the process of burning fossil fuels, as well as the raising demand for network heat and chill. Additionally combined heat and power production brings measurable...
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On the tendency of temperature and electric field dependences of interface recombination in P3HT:PCBM organic bulk heterojunction solar cells
PublicationWe demonstrate theoretical explanation of the temperature and electric field dependences of recombination coefficients in an organic P3HT:PCBM bulk heterojunction solar cell. Based onthe model of interface recombination, two analytical formulas describing the relative ratio of the interface (γI ) to the Langevin (γL) recombination coefficients have been derived. Our analysis indicates that the sign of parameters φT and φF determines...
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A Novel Synthesis Technique for Microwave Bandpass Filters with Frequency-Dependent Couplings
PublicationThis paper presents a novel synthesis technique for microwave bandpass filters with frequency-dependent couplings. The proposed method is based on the systematic extraction of a dispersive coupling coefficient using an optimization technique based on the zeros and poles of scattering parameters representing two coupled resonators.The application of this method of synthesis is illustrated using two examples involving four and five-pole...
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Are stabilizing osmolytes preferentially excluded from the protein surface? FTIR and MD studies
PublicationInteractions between osmolytes and hen egg white lysozyme in aqueous solutions were studied by means of FTIR spectroscopy and molecular dynamics. A combination of difference spectra method and chemometric analysis of spectroscopic data was used to determine the number of osmolyte molecules interacting with the protein, and the preferential interaction coefficient in presented systems. Both osmolytes – L-proline and trimethylamine-N-oxide...
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THE DETERMINATION OF ABRASION RESISTANCE OF SELECTED BIOMATERIALS FOR THE FRICTION PAIRS IN THE HIP JOINT ENDOPROSTHESIS
PublicationThe key requirement for the modern endoprosthesis is high durability of the friction components, which results in long and trouble-free operation in the human body. The durability of currently used endoprosthesis is often limited by tribological wear processes of friction components (e.g. between the head and the acetabular component in a hip joint endoprosthesis) [8, 19, 23, 24]. In order to compare the tribological wear, tribological...
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Exploiting audio-visual correlation by means of gaze tracking
PublicationThis paper presents a novel means for increasing audio-visual correlation analysis reliability. This is done based on gaze tracking technology engineered at the Multimedia Systems Department of the Gdansk University of Technology, Poland. In the paper, the past history and current research in the area of audio-visual perception analysis are shortly reviewed. Then the methodology employing gaze tracking is presented along with the...
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The impact of the distribution network reconfiguration on active power losses: Selected issues of UPGRID project realization
PublicationThe dynamic development of smart grids allows the use of remote controllable switches to change the configuration of the distribution network. The paper discusses the impact of the distribution system reconfiguration on active power losses, taking into account the typical daily load profiles. Based on modified IEEE 33-bus test distribution system the article presents the method of selection the appropriate sensitivity factor and...