Filters
total: 2156
filtered: 1741
displaying 1000 best results Help
Search results for: PACKET ERROR RATE
-
"Numeryczna symulacja pracy gazowego kotła wodnego oraz ocena jego wpływu na środowisko"
PublicationIlość dostarczanego powietrza oraz rozkład jego koncentracji w komorze paleniskowej mają istotny wpływ na prawidłowość przebiegu procesu spalania. Uzyskanie jednorodnego rozkładu jest praktycznie niemożliwe, dlatego powietrze dostarczane jest w nadmiarze. Konieczne jest jednak dobranie takiej wartości współczynnika nadmiaru powietrza, która pozwoli ograniczyć stratę wylotową, utrzymując przy tym wartości emisji na możliwie niskim...
-
Wpływ zbrojenia polimerowymi włóknami rozproszonymi na wybrane właściwości mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono wybrane wyniki badań mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych zbrojonych polimerowymi włóknami rozproszonymi. Ocenie poddano mieszankę włókien zbrojących aramidowo-poliolifenowych pod kątem wpływu ich zastosowania na właściwości niskotemperaturowe i odporności na deformacje trwałe mieszanek mineralno-asfaltowych. Właściwości niskotemperaturowe oceniano na podstawie testu zginania próbek belkowych oraz na podstawie...
-
"Numeryczna symulacja pracy gazowego kotła wodnego raz ocena jego wpływu na środowisko"
PublicationIlość dostarczanego powietrza oraz rozkład jego koncentracji w komorze paleniskowej mają istotny wpływ na prawidłowość przebiegu procesu spalania. Uzyskanie jednorodnego rozkładu jest praktycznie niemożliwe, dlatego powietrze dostarczane jest w nadmiarze. Konieczne jest jednak dobranie takiej wartości współczynnika nadmiaru powietrza, która pozwoli ograniczyć stratę wylotową, utrzymując przy tym wartości emisji na możliwie niskim...
-
Wykładnicze równanie Arrheniusa jako funkcja dojrzałości twardniejącego betonu
PublicationPoprawne określenie funkcji dojrzałości dla mieszanki betonowej warunkuje powodzenie szacowania wytrzymałości na ściskanie na bazie pomiarów temperatury in situ. W artykule omówiono zastosowanie równania Arrheniusa do opisu funkcji dojrzewania twardniejącego betonu. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na zależności szybkości zachodzenia reakcji w odmiennych warunkach temperaturowych. Przedstawiono wyniki własnych badań na kostkach zaprawy...
-
GENERALISED HERSCHEL MODEL APPLIED TO BLOOD FLOW MODELLING
PublicationThis paper introduces a new rheological model of blood as a certain generalisation of the standard Herschel-Bulkley model. This model is a rheological constitutive equation and belongs to the group of the so-called generalised Newtonian fluids. Experimental data is compared with results, obtained from the new model, to demonstrate that it allows for the best agreement together with Luo-Kuang model. The new model may be easily implemented...
-
Reliable underwater communication system for shallow coastal waters
PublicationThis paper presents a reliable and robust low data rate spread spectrum approach which is implemented in the acoustic underwater communication system for shallow coastal waters. It shows operation assumptions of spread spectrum techniques based on the wellknown Shannon equation. It describes two methods of spread spectrum: frequency hopping spread spectrum and direct sequence spread spectrum; their block diagram and their characteristics...
-
Discussion of “Development of an Accurate Time integration Technique for the Assessment of Q-Based versus h-Based Formulations of the Diffusion Wave Equation for Flow Routing” by K. Hasanvand, M.R. Hashemi and M.J. Abedini
PublicationThe discusser read the original with great interest. It seems, however, that some aspects of the original paper need additional comments. The authors of the original paper discuss the accuracy of a numerical solution of the diffusion wave equation formulated with respect to different state variables. The analysis focuses on nonlinear equations in the form of a single transport equation with the discharge Q (volumetric flow rate)...
-
On noncausal weighted least squares identification of nonstationary stochastic systems
PublicationIn this paper, we consider the problem of noncausal identification of nonstationary, linear stochastic systems, i.e., identification based on prerecorded input/output data. We show how several competing weighted (windowed) least squares parameter smoothers, differing in memory settings, can be combined together to yield a better and more reliable smoothing algorithm. The resulting parallel estimation scheme automatically adjusts...
-
On noncausal identification of nonstationary stochastic systems
PublicationIn this paper we consider the problem of noncausal identification of nonstationary,linear stochastic systems, i.e., identification based on prerecorded input/output data. We show how several competing weighted least squares parameter smoothers, differing in memory settings, can be combined together to yield a better and more reliable smoothing algorithm. The resulting parallel estimation scheme automatically adjusts its smoothing...
-
One Europe, one product, two prices - the price disparity in the EU
PublicationThe price dispersion in the European Union in the last fifteen years (1990-2005) is analysed. The analysis of price convergence is examined on aggregate and disaggregate levels. The macro approach is based on Comparative Price Level index calculated as the ratio between PPPs and exchange rate. The disaggregate analysis utilizesactual prices of 148 individual products sold in the 15 capital cities of the EU. The calculations comprise...
-
Kinetics of nitrogen removal processes in constructed wetlands
PublicationThe aim of this paper is to present a state-of-the-art review of the kinetics of nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands. Biological processes of nitrogen removal from wastewater can be described using equations and kinetic models. Hence, these kinetic models which have been developed and evaluated allow for predicting the removal of nitrogen in treatment wetlands. One of the most important, first order removal model, which is...
-
Turmeric nanofiber-encapsulated natural product formulation act as a phytogenic feed additive—A study in broilers on growth performance, biochemical indices of blood, and E. coli in cecum
PublicationA phytogenic feed additive (PFA) formulation was prepared with bioactive molecules—curcuminoids, gingerol, and carvacrol by encapsulating in nanofiber isolated from turmeric spent (turmeric nanofiber, TNF). This formulation was completely characterized by scanning electron microscope, ultra performance liquid chromatography, and gas chromatography and evaluated for its efficacy. PFA-encapsulated TNF (PFA@TNF) considerably increased...
-
New data acquisition system for birch sap concentrate production using the reverse osmosis technology
PublicationThe work presents a simple electronic device that helps to monitor the basic parameters of the reverse osmosis (RO) system during the concentration of birch tree sap. The construction costs are low (around 150 Euro) but the functionality of the device is high. It has an in-build two channel conductometer and can measure the volumetric flow rate of two streams of liquids. The collected data are transmitted wirelessly via Bluetooth...
-
Comparison of Tracking Methods in Respect of Automation of Animal Behavioral Test
PublicationAutomation in experiments carried out on animals is getting more and more important in research. Computers take over laborious and time-consuming activities like recording and analysing images of experiment scene. The first step in an image analysis is finding and distinguishing between the observed animals, and then tracking all objects during the experiment. In this paper four tracking methods are presented. Quantitative and...
-
Study of the Effect of Filling Thermoplastic Medical Polyurethane with PVA, PLA or Diatomite on the Relaxation Times Distributions of 1H NMR
PublicationIn this work, to characterize the mobility of diferent sections of the macromole‑ cules of polyurethane (PUR), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polylactic acid (PLA), as well as the density of crosslinks of the polymer chains when using fllers, we used the distributions of spin–lattice and spin–spin relaxation times for the protons. It is shown that the rigidity of the thermoplastic polymers depends on the sizes of the granules of...
-
The multivariate multilevel analisis of different regional factors impact on road saferty in european country regions = Wielopoziomowa analiza wieloczynnikowa wpływu różnych charakterystyk regionalnych na poziom bezpieczeństwo ruchu w regionach krajów europejskich
PublicationIn this research, the effect of the European regional differences on the risk of been killed in road accident in these regions is investigated. Factors which differentiate regions can be described as automotive, economic, infrastructural, demographic, geographic. Analyzed risk, counted as regional fatality rate was modeled by the Poisson model. Because of regional diversity of Poisson distribution parameters, the Poisson distribution...
-
Limiting distribution of Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy
PublicationWe show that the Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy rate tends to a Gaussian distribution for memoryless sources. We accomplish it by extending findings from our 1995 paper [3]. We present a new simplified proof of the Central Limit Theorem for the number of phrases in the LZ'78 algorithm. As in our 1995 paper, here we first analyze the asymptotic behavior of the total path length in a digital search tree (a DST) built from independent sequences....
-
On the Limiting distribution of Lempel Ziv'78 Redundancy for Memoryles Sources
PublicationWe show that the Lempel Ziv'78 redundancy rate tends to a Gaussian distribution for memoryless sources. We accomplish it by extending findings from our 1995 paper [3]. We present a new simplified proof of the Central Limit Theorem for the number of phrases in the LZ'78 algorithm. As in our 1995 paper, here we first analyze the asymptotic behavior of the total path length in a digital search tree (a DST) built from independent sequences....
-
Red Algae – An Alternative Source of Carbon Material for Energy Storage Application
PublicationNew electrode material obtained by pyrolysis of aquatic biomass macro (red algae) soaked with glucose solution has been characterized by SEM, EDX and Raman spectroscopy. Graphitized carbon was identified by Raman spectroscopy. Galvanostatic cyclic polarization of the materials in contact with 1M LiPF6 electrolyte in EC:DMC (1:1 v/v) and Li as a counter electrode was performed. Specific capacity of the novel material was enhanced...
-
The Use of Wavelet Analysis to Denoising of Electrocardiography Signal
PublicationThe electrocardiography examination, due to its accessibility and simplicity, has an important role in diagnostics of the heart ailments. It enables quick detection of various heart defects, undetectable by other kinds of diagnostic tools, so it is very popular. Nevertheless, the measured signal is exposed to a different disturbances. Among them, the electromagnetic interferences, drift of reference electrode and high frequency...
-
Spectrum-based modal parameters identification with Particle Swarm Optimization
PublicationThe paper presents the new method of the natural frequencies and damping identification based on the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The identification is performed in the frequency domain. The algorithm performs two PSO-based steps and introduces some modifications in order to achieve quick convergence and low estimation error of the identified parameters’ values for multi-mode systems....
-
Characterization of Optical and Electrical Properties of Transparent Conductive Boron-Doped Diamond thin Films Grown on Fused Silica
PublicationA conductive boron-doped diamond (BDD) grown on a fused silica/quartz has been investigated. Diamond thin films were deposited by the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW PECVD). The main parameters of the BDD synthesis, i.e. the methane admixture and the substrate temperature were investigated in detail. Preliminary studies of optical properties were performed to qualify an optimal CVD synthesis and film parameters...
-
Quantitative assessment of the influence of tensile softening of concrete in beams under bending by numerical simulations with XFEM and cohesive cracks
PublicationResults of the numerical simulations of the size effect phenomenon for concrete in comparison with experimental data are presented. In-plane geometrically similar notched and unnotched beams under three-point bending are analyzed. EXtended Finite Element Method (XFEM) with a cohesive softening law is used. Comprehensive parametric study with the respect to the tensile strength and the initial fracture energy is performed. Sensitivity...
-
Neural Approximators for Variable-Order Fractional Calculus Operators (VO-FC)
PublicationThe paper presents research on the approximation of variable-order fractional operators by recurrent neural networks. The research focuses on two basic variable-order fractional operators, i.e., integrator and differentiator. The study includes variations of the order of each fractional operator. The recurrent neural network architecture based on GRU (Gated Recurrent Unit) cells functioned as a neural approximation for selected...
-
Analytical tools for functional assessment of architectural layouts
PublicationFunctional layout of the building, understood as a layout or set of the facility rooms (or groups of rooms) with a system of internal communication, creates an environment and a place of mutual relations between the occupants of the object. Achieving optimal (from the occupants’ point of view) spatial arrangement is possible through activities that often go beyond the stage of architectural design. Adopted in the architectural...
-
3D MODELLING OF CYLINDRICAL-SHAPED OBJECTS FROM LIDAR DATA - AN ASSESSMENT BASED ON THEORETICAL MODELLING AND EXPERIMENTAL DATA
PublicationDespite the increasing availability of measured laser scanning data and their widespread use, there is still the problem of rapid and correct numerical interpretation of results. This is due to the large number of observations that carry similar information. Therefore, it is necessary to extract from the results only the essential features of the modelled objects. Usually, it is based on a process using filtration, followed by...
-
Evaluation of Body Surface Area Formulae Based on 3D Body Scans
PublicationHuman body surface area (BSA) is an established parameter for the calculation of chemotherapy drugs dosage, treatment of chronic hepatitis B, treatment of burns or for establishing a dosing regimen for antimicrobials. Although being a critical parameter, usage of modern 3D scanners, which would measure the exact BSA value, is often impossible in time-sensitive operations or for patients unable to withstand the scanning process....
-
Autoencoder application for anomaly detection in power consumption of lighting systems
PublicationDetecting energy consumption anomalies is a popular topic of industrial research, but there is a noticeable lack of research reported in the literature on energy consumption anomalies for road lighting systems. However, there is a need for such research because the lighting system, a key element of the Smart City concept, creates new monitoring opportunities and challenges. This paper examines algorithms based on the deep learning...
-
Material characterisation of biaxial glass-fibre non-crimp fabrics as a function of ply orientation, stitch pattern, stitch length and stitch tension
PublicationDue to their high density-specific stiffnesses and strength, fibre reinforced plastic (FRP) composites are particularly interesting for mobility and transport applications. Warp-knitted non-crimp fabrics (NCF) are one possible way to produce such FRP composites. They are advantageous because of their low production costs and the ability to tailor the properties of the textile to the reinforcement and drape requirements of the application....
-
A Diagnostic Method Based on Deflection Analysis for Monitoring Post-elastic Response of Beams
PublicationA non-destructive diagnostic method based on deflection analysis for monitoring the post-elastic response of beams was developed, and a diagnostic indicator was proposed. The indicator was defined as the second moment of the normalised curvature function about the mid-span, where the curvature was computed from the normalised deflection function. Elastic reference values of the indicator were computed for simply supported beams...
-
Novel Complementary Multiple Concentric Split Ring Resonator for Reliable Characterization of Dielectric Substrates with High Sensitivity
PublicationAccurate characterization of dielectric substrates with high sensitivity remains an important challenge in a variety of industrial applications. This paper proposes an innovative strategy to address this challenge by developing and optimizing a unique Complementary Multiple Concentric Split Ring Resonator (CMC-SRR). The major goal is to propose a sensor design with increased sensitivity and reliability for dielectric characterization....
-
Spectrum Sensing Based on Hybrid Spectrum Handoff in Cognitive Radio Networks
PublicationThe rapid advancement of wireless communication combined with insufficient spectrum exploitation opens the door for the expansion of novel wireless services. Cognitive radio network (CRN) technology makes it possible to periodically access the open spectrum bands, which in turn improves the effectiveness of CRNs. Spectrum sensing (SS), which allows unauthorized users to locate open spectrum bands, plays a fundamental part in CRNs....
-
Improvements and Spatial Dependencies in Energy Transition Measures
PublicationThis article aims to improve one of the newest energy transition measures—the WorldEconomic Forum WEF Energy Transition Index (ETI) and find its driving forces. This paper proposesa new approach to correct the ETI structure, i.e., sensitivity analysis, which allows assessing theaccuracy of variable weights. Moreover, the novelty of the paper is the use the spatial error modelsto estimate determinants of the energy transition on...
-
Channel State Estimation in LTE-Based Heterogenous Networks Using Deep Learning
PublicationFollowing the continuous development of the information technology, the concept of dense urban networks has evolved as well. The powerful tools, like machine learning, break new ground in smart network and interface design. In this paper the concept of using deep learning for estimating the radio channel parameters of the LTE (Long Term Evolution) radio interface is presented. It was proved that the deep learning approach provides...
-
Applications of the discrete green's function in the finite-difference time-domain method
PublicationIn this paper, applications of the discrete Green's function (DGF) in the three-dimensional (3-D) finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method are presented. The FDTD method on disjoint domains was developed employing DGF to couple the subdomains as well as to compute the electromagnetic field outside these subdomains. Hence, source and scatterer are simulated in separate subdomains and updating of vacuum cells, being of little...
-
Cichy sonar - stan aktualny i perspektywy
PublicationW zastosowaniach militarnych często istnieje potrzeba prowadzenia obserwacji w sposób skryty za pomocą urządzeń emitujących sygnały trudne do przechwycenia przez przeciwnika. Rozwiązania stosowane w cichych radarach stanowiły punkt wyjścia do opracowania cichego sonaru. Prace nad projektem rozpoczęto na Politechnice Gdańskiej w roku 2010 w ramach Grantu NCBiR i są one dalej kontynuowane. W celu zachowania w cichym sonarze warunków...
-
The selected effects of high temperature air-steam mixture wood drying
PublicationThe results of properties change of beech wood after drying process are presented. The wood taken to experiments was from northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. Before the main high temperature drying process using air-steam mixture, wood was initially dried in an open air conditions. The high temperature drying process was conducted at temperature 120oC, humidity 48%, flow rate of drying medium 2.5m/s and atmospheric pressure....
-
Comparative in vitro research of the Human Aortic Bioprosthesis
PublicationE valuate of the usefulness and reliability of structures based on the analysis of recorded parameters determining the flow through the Human Aortic Bioprosthesis (HAB) have been dealt with. By flow parameters changes determining the performance environment of prosthesis analyzed change of the motion dynamics of the valve leaflets as a function of pressure, thereby determining the degree of alignment of the prosthesis to the performance...
-
Parametric method for evaluating optimal ship deadweight
PublicationThe paper presents a method of choosing the optimal value of the cargo ships deadweight. The method may be useful at the stage of establishing the main owners requirements concerning the ship design parameters as well as for choosing a proper ship for a given transportation task. The deadweight is determined on the basis of a selected economic measure of the transport effectiveness of ship – the Required Freight Rate (RFR). The...
-
The influence of high temperature wood drying conditions using air-steam mixture on its properties
PublicationThe results of properties change of beech wood after drying process are presented. The wood taken to experiments was from northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. Before the main high temperature drying process using air-steam mixture, wood was initially dried in an open air conditions. The high temperature drying process was conducted at temperature 120oC, humidity 48%, flow rate of drying medium 2.5m/s and atmospheric pressure....
-
The home-made in situ passive flux sampler for the measurement of monoterpene emission flux: preliminary studies
PublicationThe paper presents the construction and metrological characteristics of the home-made in situ passive flux sampler, an analytical tool representing small-scale emission chambers working in situ and passively sampling analytes from the gaseous phase. The sorption element was a cylindrical container made of stainless steel net, packed with a carbon sorbent bed-graphitized charcoal, Carbograph 4 (35/50mesh). The recommended working/exposure...
-
A FPTAS for minimizing total completion time in a single machine time-dependent scheduling problem
PublicationIn this paper a single machine time-dependent scheduling problem with total completion time criterion is considered. There are given n jobs J1,…,Jn and the processing time pi of the ith job is given by pi=a+bisi, where si is the starting time of the ith job (i=1,…,n),bi is its deterioration rate and a is the common base processing time. If all jobs have deterioration rates different and not smaller than a certain constant u>0,...
-
Extremophile Deinococcus geothermalis as potential source of proteolytic enzymes
PublicationAmong many extremozymes, thermophilic enzymes have attracted most attention during the past four decades. Such enzymes are of considerable industrial and biotechnological interest due to the fact that the enzymes are better suited for harsh industrial processes. There are many advantages of conducting industrial processes at high temperature, such as the increased solubility of many polymeric substrates, resulting in decreased...
-
Electrophoretic co-deposition of Fe2O3 and Mn1,5Co1,5O4: Processing and oxidation performance of Fe-doped Mn-Co coatings for solid oxide cell interconnects
PublicationThe “in-situ” Fe-doping of the manganese cobalt spinel was achieved by electrophoretic co-deposition of Mn1,5Co1,5O4 and Fe2O3 powders followed by a two-step reactive sintering treatment. The effects on the coating properties of two different Fe-doping levels (5 and 10 wt.% respectively) and two different temperatures of the reducing treatment (900 and 1000 °C) are discussed. Samples with Fe-doped coatings demonstrated a lower...
-
Performance evaluation and model-based optimization of the mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge reactor
PublicationThis study aimed to model and optimize mainstream deammonification in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS) pilot plant under natural seasonal temperature variations. The effect of gradually decreasing temperature on the performance was evaluated during a winter season and a transition period to summer conditions, and the correlation of the performance parameters was investigated using principal component analysis (PCA)....
-
Uncertainty of mass flow measurement using centric and eccentric orifice for Reynolds number in the range 10,000 ≤ Re ≤ 20,000
PublicationThe article analyses the impact of the Reynolds number on the estimated uncertainty of the mass flow rate measurement using an orifice plate. The objects of the research were two types of orifices: centric (ISA) and eccentric, with the diameter ratio β = 0.5. Studies were performed by Monte Carlo simulation and experiments for Reynolds numbers in the range 10,000 ≤ Re ≤ 20,000. The obtained results have shown that for both orifice...
-
APPLICATION OF VORTEX FLOW MODEL IN PROPELLER-STATOR SYSTEM DESIGN AND ANALYSIS
PublicationThe paper covers basics of the vortex model used for propeller-stator systems. The outline of the design algorithm is given and the results of its application are shown. The designed propeller-stator system was the subject of model tests run at the CTO model basin and cavitation tunnel. Stator’s influence on the delivered power required by the propeller and its revolution rate has been examined by conducting self-propulsion...
-
IMPACT OF THE FINANCING STRUCTURE ON EFFICIENCY OF HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS IN THE FORMER EASTERN BLOC COUNTRIES
PublicationOut-of-pocket expenditures are a significant barrier in accessing health services. This paper aims to analyse the structure of financing system in the context of the performance indicators of healthcare systems. The study was conducted for the 28 countries of the former Eastern bloc in the years 2000 and 2013, based on data from the World Health Organization. In the DEA-CCR input-oriented model, inputs are the percentage share...
-
Selected studies of flow maldistribution in a minichannel plate heat exchanger
PublicationAnalysis of the state of-the-art in research of minichannel heat exchangers, especially on the topic of flow maldistribution in multiple channels, has been accomplished. Studies on minichannel plate heat exchanger with 51 parallel minichannels with four hydraulic diameters, i.e., 461 μm, 574 μm, 667 μm, and 750 μm have been presented. Flow at the instance of filling the microchannel with water at low flow rates has been visualized. The...
-
Estimation of time-frequency complex phase-based speech attributes using narrow band filter banks
PublicationIn this paper, we present nonlinear estimators of nonstationary and multicomponent signal attributes (parameters, properties) which are instantaneous frequency, spectral (or group) delay, and chirp-rate (also known as instantaneous frequency slope). We estimate all of these distributions in the time-frequency domain using both finite and infinite impulse response (FIR and IIR) narrow band filers for speech analysis. Then, we present...