Search results for: HYDRODYNAMIC THRUST BEARING
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SLIDING MODE-PID FUZZY CONTROLLER WITH A NEW REACHING MODE FOR UNDERWATER ROBOTIC MANIPULATORS
PublicationDesign of an accurate and robust controller is a challenging topic in an underwater manipulator control. This is due to hydrodynamic disturbances in underwater environment. In this paper a sliding mode control (SMC) included a PID sliding surface and fuzzy tunable gain is designed. In this proposed controller robustness property of SMC and fast response of PID are incorporated with fuzzy rules to reduce error tracking. In the...
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Assessment of under power ed propulsion machinery in electrically driven small inland waterway passenger ships from classification society point of view
PublicationPaper presents short operat ional a nd engineering analysis of underpowered propulsion in small electrically propelled small inland passenger ships. There is evidence that in certain weather conditions the phenomena of added aerodynamic resistance of small water crafts may have seriou s influence on their speed and manoeuvrability. Existing regulations like class societies rules for ship classification and construction or EU Directive 2006/87/EC do...
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ASSESSMENT OF UNDERPOWER ED PROPULSION MACHINERY IN ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN SMALL INLAND WATERWAY PASSENGER SHIPS FROM CLASSIFICATION SOCIETY POINT OF View
PublicationPaper presents short operat ional a nd engineering analysis of underpowered propulsion in small electrically propelled small inland passenger ships. There is evidence that in certain weather conditions the phenomena of added aerodynamic resistance of small water crafts may have serious influence on their speed and manoeuvrability. Existing regulations like class societies rules for ship classification and construction or EU Directive 2006/87/EC do...
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A comparative analysis of numerically simulated and experimentally measured static responses of a floating dock
PublicationTwo numerical methods, dynamic and static analyses, are proposed to calculate the static responses of a floating dock under different ballast water distributions. Model-scale experimental tests were conducted to compare with these numerical methods. The dynamic analysis includes a 6-degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) model, a hydrostatic force model and a hydrodynamic force model to simulate the dock's freely floating processes. The dock's...
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CONTROL OF THE WAVES IN A TOWING TANK WITH THE USE OF A BLACK-BOX MODEL
PublicationThe paper describes an adaptive control system of the waves, implemented in the Ship Design and Research Centre, CTO S.A. The purpose of generating the waves in the towing tank is the modelling of the environmental conditions during hydrodynamic model tests. The tests are performed on scale models of towed or free running ships, anchored structures like oil rigs or bottommounted structures, e.g. wind turbines. In the towing tank...
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Comparison between measured and calculated underwater pressure of merchant ship
PublicationFrom 2012 The Polish Naval Academy take part in an international research project SIRAMIS, carried out in the framework of the European Defence Agency. The objective of this project is to improve the understanding of ship signature interaction with multi influence sensors in relevant and realistic scenario's. This paper describes selected results of the comparison results of sea trials and model calculations of the hydrodynamic...
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Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Isochroman Derivatives
PublicationThe isochroman scaffold constitutes an important structural unit, which is present in various bioactive natural products and synthetic pharmaceutical compounds exhibiting wide arrays of biological properties. Hence the synthesis of this class of heterocyclic compounds in a stereoselective fashion is highly significant and desirable. In the last decade, a substantial advancement has been witnessed ln the catalytic asymmetric...
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The influence of anchoring group position in ruthenium dye molecule on performance of dye-sensitized solar cells
PublicationThe effect of anchoring group position and, in consequence, the orientation of the ruthenium dye molecule on titania surface on the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells has been studied intensively. Three model ruthenium sensitizing dyes bearing carboxylic anchoring group in ortho, meta or para position were synthesized and well characterized by spectroscopic, electrochemical, photophysical and photochemical measurements....
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Analysis of Ceramic Elements with Ring-Crack Defects in Lubricated Rolling Contact
PublicationThe properties of ceramics, specifically low density, high hardness, high temperature capability and low coefficient of thermal expansion are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. Surface ring cracks on lubricating rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such cracks are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculations...
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Normal stress distribution in built‑up cold‑formed column in relation to interconnecting bolt spacing
PublicationIn order to increase a stiffness of cold-formed steel (CFS) elements it is practised to built-up the cross-section. In the analysed case, a main element is strengthened by adding extra chord in contact partially along the column. This additional chord acts as a longitudinal stiffener connected with the main section by series of bolts. Authors check whether rules applied over the years, for hot-rolled elements, can be indiscriminately...
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The use of a 4 PB strain sweep fatigue test to evaluate characteristics of carbon grid reinforced asphalt beams
PublicationThe article presents research results concerning pre-bituminized carbon grids for asphalt pavement reinforcement, which are used to prevent cracking and crack reflection thus increasing bearing capacity and durability of pavement. Research program involved testing of large sized double-layer samples, both reinforced and unreinforced. The advantage of using a carbon grid was especially visible after crack initiation. The energy...
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Fundamenty palowe, obliczenia z zastosowaniem zasad Eurokodu 7 i doświadczeń krajowych
PublicationPrzedstawiono zagadnienia obliczania fundamentów palowych w nawiązaniu do zaleceń Eurokodu 7. Zwrócono uwagę, że zgodnie z założeniami Eurokodu 7, projektant i inżynier ma swobodę w wyborze metod obliczeniowych.Przytoczono i zarekomendowano metody i propozycje miedzy innymi obliczania statycznego układów palowych, określania nośności pali, prognozowania osiadań fundamentów palowych oraz charakterystyk obciążenie-osiadanie pali...
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Dietary intervention with beetroot juice during doxorubicin cancer chemotherapy in vivo reduces markers of oxidative stress
PublicationCancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin, despite high antitumor activity and broad spectrum of this drug, is on decline due to toxic side effects. The clinical efficacy of anthracyclines have continuously prompted the search for new adjuvants to alleviate undesirable side toxicity incurred by this group of cytostatics. The recent approaches involve the application of synthetic or purified natural antioxidants in combination with doxorubicin...
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An electric ring thruster as auxiliary manoeuvring propulsion system for watercraft - construction analysis
PublicationThe reported project aimed at examining properties and purposefulness of use of modern electromagneticbearings for a screw propeller in a prototype version of a synchronous ring motor with rare earths magnets.Bearings of this type generate electromagnetic forces which keep the rotor in a state of levitation. Therotating machine with magnetic bearings can work in any environment which reveals diamagnetic properties(air, vacuum,...
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ANALYSIS OF BRACE STIFFNESS INFLUENCE ON STABILITY OF THE TRUSS
PublicationThe paper is devoted to the numerical and experimental research of stability of a truss with side elastic supports at the top chord. The structure is a model of a real roof truss scaled by factor ¼. The linear buckling analysis and non-linear static analysis were carried out. The buckling length factor for the compressed top chord was calculated and the limit load for the imperfect truss shell model with respect to brace stiffness...
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Metodyka projektowania łożysk ślizgowych z tamą hydrodynamiczną.
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono nową metodykę projektowania poprzecznych łożysk ślizgowych z tamą hydrodynamiczną. Zaproponowana metoda pozwala na wyznaczanie charakterystyk statycznych i dynamicznych dowolnych łożysk poprzecznych, w których wykonano jedną lub wiele tam hydrodynamicznych. W omawianej metodzie wykorzystano dwa niezależne programy komputerowe (BEARing i ArtBEAR). W celu oszacowania dokładności wybranej metody wykonano obliczenia...
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Resonant DC link inverters for AC motor drive systems – critical evaluation
PublicationIn this survey paper, resonant and quasiresonant DC link inverters are reexamined for AC motor drive applications. Critical evaluation of representative topologies is based on simulation and waveform analysis to characterize current/voltage stress of components, control timing constraints and feasibility. A special concern over inverter common-mode voltage and voltage gradient du/dt limitation capacity is discussed for motor bearing...
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Numerical analysis of crack propagation in silicone nitride
PublicationThe properties of ceramics, specifically low density, high hardness, high temperature capability and low coefficient of thermal expansion are of most interest to rolling element manufacturers. The influence of ring crack size on rolling contact fatigue failure has been studied using numerical fracture analysis. Such cracks are very often found on ceramic bearing balls and decrease fatigue life rapidly. The numerical calculation...
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Experimental Tests Of Sandwich Beams In The Design Process Of GFRP Shell Footbridge Structure
PublicationThe paper includes selected aspects of the study to elaborate architectural, material and construction design of pedestrian footbridge spans made of composite materials. The considered footbridge is a sandwich-type shell structure. The cooperation of PET foam core with outer lining surfaces is crucial for its load bearing capacity. The paper is aimed to experimental investigation of sandwich beams subjected to bending loading....
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Simple colorimetric copper(II) sensor – spectral characterization and possible applications
PublicationNew o-hydroxyazocompound L bearing pyrrole residue was obtained in the simple synthetic protocol. The structure of L was confirmed and analyzed by X-ray diffraction. It was found that new chemosensor can be successfully used as copper(II) selective spectrophotometric regent in solution and can be also applied for the preparation of sensing materials generating selective color signal upon interaction with copper(II). Selective colorimetric...
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A comparative study of pentanol (C5 alcohol) and kerosene blends in terms of gas turbine engine performance and exhaust gas emission
PublicationThe growing demand for sustainable and clean energy sources provides the incentive for the development of alternative fuels. Simultaneously, the development of gas turbine technologies with flexible fuel supply systems enables the use of alternative non-fossil fuels that can play key roles in contributing to global efforts in meeting emissions targets. This paper presents the current state of knowledge on the production and potential...
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Heat transfer intensification by jet impingement – numerical analysis using RANS approach
PublicationJet impingement is a method of the heat transfer enhancement applied in the engineering systems. The idea is to generate fast-flow fluid jet which impinge on the heated (or cooled) surface, causing significantly higher heat transfer rate. Although some flat surface jet impingement cases are described in the literature, the validated data is still limited. The reason is coming from the fact, that these flows are hydrodynamically...
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INVESTIGATION OF JOURNAL SLIDE BEARINGS UNDER THE ANGLE OF THEIR FUNCTIONING
PublicationPaper presents the structure and principle of operation of a stand for measurements of influence of the lubrication method and process on functioning of journal slide bearings in their various technical states. Measurements performed on the stand make it possible to take advantage of the new method of evaluating the influence of physical and chemical properties of lubricating oil on the coefficient of friction in the mixed friction...
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Improvement of the load capacity of the road overpass as a result of repairs after breakage caused by vehicle impacts
PublicationDamage of spans of the overpass caused by impact of underpassing vehicles are a frequent case. Objects that use prefabricated load-bearing elements that are not designed for such impacts are particularly exposed. After impact, such parts suffer extensive damage that need repair. Taking advantages of this recovery actions it is worth to perform strengthening that will protect object against possible future impacts. In this study...
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Study on 19th-century cast iron columns from the former financial office building in Kwidzyn
PublicationThe article presents the results for cast iron columns used as floor supports in the former financial office building in Kwidzyn (Poland).The stocktaking drawings provided the general and detailed data about the 19th century designer’s decisions. During the research, architectural and structural analysis was carried out. The graphics were used as a starting material for preparing 3D calculation models. The FEM-based numerical simulations...
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WATER LUBRICATED MAIN SHAFT BEARINGS - MODERN SOLUTION FOR HYDROPOWER INDUSTRY - Experimental and theoretical studies
PublicationWater-lubricated bearings are finding increasingly wide use in various branches of industry. As such, they may also be encountered in hydro power industry. They are also increasingly frequently employed in bearing systems of marine shaft propulsions and water pumps [1]. This rising popularity is due to a number of reasons [2]. First of all, their simple construction has direct impact on the level of pricing which is usually quite...
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The mechanism of grouting action under the base of bored pile
PublicationThe grouting under the base of bored pile is carried out in order to reduce pile settlement and improve its bearing capacity. The principal aim of grouting is to introduce an initial force between the soil and the pile base. In non-cohesive soil, the grouting can also enlarge the pile base area and therefore improve the base resistance. The example of static load tests on instrumented bored piles installed with and without grouting...
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Approaches Towards Better Immunosuppressive Agents
PublicationSeveral classes of compounds are applied in clinics due to their immunosuppressive properties in transplantology and the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Derivatives of mycophe-nolic acid, corticosteroids and chemotherapeutics bearing heterocyclic moieties like methotrexate, azathioprine, mizoribine, and ruxolitinib are active substances with investigated mechanisms of action. However, improved synthetic approaches of known drugs...
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Parametry mechaniczne platformy roboczej na podstawie badań DMT
PublicationNośność platformy roboczej określana jest w sposób analogiczny do nośności podłoża uwarstwionego, w którym warstwa wierzchnia zbudowana z gruntu niespoistego spoczywa na słabonośnym podłożu z gruntu spoistego. Badanie DMT wykorzystano do wyznaczenia parametrów wytrzymałościowych podłoża (kąta tarcia wewnętrznego warstwy górnej i wytrzymałości na ścinanie bez odpływu podłoża słabonośnego) oraz do wyznaczenia modułu odkształcenia...
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Pile Model Tests Using Strain Gauge Technology
PublicationOrdinary pile bearing capacity tests are usually carried out to determine the relationship between load and displacement of pile head. The measurement system required in such tests consists of force transducer and three or four displacement gauges. The whole system is installed at the pile head above the ground level. This approach, however, does not give us complete information about the pile-soil interaction. We can only determine...
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Fluorescence of p-hydroxyazobenzocrowns – Tautomeric equilibrium effect
PublicationThe spectroscopic properties of a series of para-hydroxyazobenzocrowns, including three novel compounds, were investigated using UV–Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy. This study presents, for the first time, determined quantum yield (QY) values for macrocycles of this category, ranging between 0.122 and 0.195. The highest values were obtained for crowns bearing two phenyl substituents in benzene rings. The impact of aromatic...
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Pylon foundation of a cable stayed bridge at the motorway ring road of Wrocław
PublicationThe largest bridge of the motorway ring road of Wroclaw is a cable stayed bridge over the Odra river near Rędzin. Due to hydrogeological conditions of the ground it was not convenient to use standard bored piles of high length. Instead shorter piles were applied with additional improvement by cement injections at the pile toes. This decision was possible by extending ground investigation program and application of numerical modeling...
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Report of Eurocode 7 application for pile foundation design in Poland
PublicationThe EC7 rules of geotechnical design are in use in Poland for several years, even though there is no National annex. With regard to pile foundations, there are valid EC7 recommendations concerning design approaches, load partial coefficients, correlation coefficients and capacity partial coefficients. Polish designers can be quite flexible when it comes to choose a method for static, bearing capacity and settlement calculations....
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Experimental research on water lubricated marine stern tube bearings in conditions of improper lubrication and cooling causing rapid bush wear
PublicationWater lubricated bearings are popular in sliding bearings of marine propeller shafts, turbines and pump shafts. Such popularity is partly due to their simple construction which also means a relatively affordable price. In practical experience one may also observe cases of rapid wear or even malfunctions of this bearings, some of which may be caused by insufficient flow of lubricant leading to overheating. The conducted...
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INFLUENCE OF SOLID PARTICLE CONTAMINATION ON THE WEAR PROCESS IN WATER LUBRICATED MARINE STRUT BEARINGS WITH NBR AND PTFE BUSHES
PublicationThis paper reports on a study of the influence of solid particle contamination on the wear process in water-lubricated slide bearings (steel-acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and steel- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)). To compare the wear of the shaft journal and bushes (NBR and PTFE) when lubricated with fresh water and contaminated water, an experiment was carried out to identify key factors that influence the state of wear...
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Local Nusselt number evaluation in the case of jet impingement
PublicationJet impingement still is one of demanding cases regarding computational fluid dynamics, due to its highly turbulent behaviour, with occurrence of turbulent-laminar transition. Even recently developed methods exhibit some drawbacks – RANS based simulations lack accuracy, LES and DNS based ones require too much computational time. Hybrid methods also exist, but their development and validation is in progress. Nevertheless, CFD application...
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Influence of Road Wetness on Tire-Pavement Rolling Resistance
PublicationRolling resistance of tires is one of the most important factors influencing energy consumption of road vehicles, especially on rural roads. For practical reasons, most of rolling resistance measurements are usually performed for dry road conditions. Based on the fact that roads are wet during a considerable time over the year and as part of the projects MIRIAM, ROLRES and ROSANNE, the TUG (Technical University of Gdańsk) in Poland...
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Water-Lubricated Journal Bearings Marine Applications, Design, and Operational Problems and Solutions
PublicationWater-Lubricated Journal Bearings: Marine Applications, Design, and Operational Problems and Solutions provides cutting-edge design solutions, common problems and methods for avoiding them, and material selection considerations for the use of water-lubricated journal bearings in marine environments. These bearings have many advantages, including the absence of the potential for oil contamination. They are also sensitive, and their...
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Long-term hindcast simulation of sea ice in the Baltic Sea
Open Research DataThe data set contains the results of numerical modeling of sea ice over a period of 50 years (1958-2007) in the Baltic Sea. A long-term hindcast simulation was performed using a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model PM3D (Kowalewski and Kowalewska-Kalkowska, 2017), a new version of the M3D model (Kowalewski, 1997). A numerical dynamic-thermodynamic model...
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Chemical and Mechanical Properties of 70-Year-Old Concrete
PublicationThe aim of this research is to determine the durability and strength of concrete continuous footing based on the chosen mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of the concrete. The presented investigations constitute some opinions from experts on the bearing capacity of concrete continuous footing and the possibilities of carrying additional loads and extended working life. The cylindrical specimens were taken from continuous...
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Influence of Protonation State on the Excited State Dynamics of a Photobiologically Active Ru(II) Dyad
PublicationThe influence of ligand protonation on the photophysics of a ruthenium (Ru) dyad bearing the 2-(1-pyrenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]-phenanthroline (ippy) ligand was investigated by time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. It was found that changes in the protonation state of the imidazole group led to changes in the electronic configuration of the lowest lying excited state. Formation of the fully deprotonated imidazole...
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AN ATTEMPT AT IDENTIFYING THE INFLUENCE OF TEST HEAD ASSEMBLY STIFFNESS ON THE RESULTS OF A TRIBOLOGICAL EXPERIMENT CONDUCTED UNDER MICRO-OSCILLATION CONDITIONS
PublicationThe outcome of experimental research on a group of dry bearing materials carried out under small oscillation conditi ons and using a test rig designed and made at Gdansk University of Technology inspired the decision to find out if the stiffness of test head elements in fluenced the generated results. Therefore, a computer model utilising finite elements was devised and used to simulate the workings of the test head. The mode l...
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Three-point bending test of sandwich beams supporting the GFRP footbridge design process - validation
PublicationSome selected aspects concerning material and construction design issues for pedestrian footbridge made of GFRP composite materials are elaborated in this paper. The analysis is focused on validation tests, which are particularly important because of the advanced technology and materials that are used for this innovative bridge. The considered footbridge is a sandwich-type shell structure comprising of PET foam core and outer skins...
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Typology, current state and non-destructive testing of timber roof trusses of historic churches in the West Vistula Delta, Poland
PublicationThis paper presents the current state of conservation of historic roof churches located in the Żuławy of Gdańsk (Poland). It also describes the architecture of these temples, the region itself and old carpentry techniques for constructing roof trusses. Interdisciplinary tests were carried out in six churches. The geometry of the load bearing structures, the moisture content and the carpentry technique were specified. The field...
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Novel Nonlinear High Order Technologies for Damage Diagnosis of Complex Assets
PublicationFor the first time worldwide, innovative techniques, generic non-linear higher-order unnormalized cross-correlations of spectral moduli, for the diagnosis of complex assets, are proposed. The normalization of the proposed techniques is based on the absolute central moments, that have been proposed and widely investigated in mathematical works. The existing higher-order, crosscovariances of complex spectral components are not sufficiently...
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Novel Diazocrowns with Pyrrole Residue as Lead(II) Colorimetric Probes
PublicationNovel 18- and 23-membered diazomacrocycles were obtained with satisfactory yields by diazocoupling of aromatic diamines with pyrrole in reactions carried under high dilution conditions. X-ray structure of macrocycle bearing five carbon atoms linkage was determined and described. Compounds were characterized as chromogenic heavy metal ions receptors. Selective color and spectral response for lead(II) was found in acetonitrile and...
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Exploring the Reactivity of Unsymmetrical Diphosphanes toward Heterocumulenes: Access to Phosphanyl and Phosphoryl Derivatives of Amides, Imines, and Iminoamides
PublicationWe present a comprehensive study on the diphosphanation of iso(thio)cyanates by unsymmetrical diphosphanes. The reactions involving unsymmetrical diphosphanes and phenyl isocyanate or phenyl thioisocyanate gave rise to phosphanyl, phosphoryl, and thiophosphoryl derivatives of amides, imines, and iminoamides. The structures of the diphosphanation products were confirmed through NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, and single-crystal...
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DEFORMATIONS OF INNOVATIVE COLD-FORMED GEB SECTIONS
PublicationPermanent urban growth of the world of today world implies demanding challenges for the steel construction industry. Nowadays, one of the most important issues is the cost optimization of steel structures. Since the weight of building materials is a major component of the total cost, engineers and designers try to reduce structural weight, without compromising durability and sustainability of a steel structure. Therefore, light...
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Korozja i zniszczenia kształtowników stalowych o przekrojach zamkniętych
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono spotykany na obiektach budowlanych problem rozwoju korozji na wewnętrznych powierzchniach kształtowników zamkniętych eksploatowanych w środowisku zewnętrznym. Zachodzące wewnętrzne procesy korozyjne oraz towarzyszące im siły niszczące w związku z zamarzającą wewnątrz profili wodą, powodują utratę nośności i obniżenie bezpieczeństwa eksploatacji, przez co przyczyniają się do powstawania stanów awaryjnych....
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The Use of Liquid Crystal Thermography in Selected Technical and Medical Applications—Recent Development
PublicationThermochromic liquid crystals (TLC) and true-colour digital image processing have been successfully used in non-intrusive technical, industrial and biomedical studies and applications. Thin coatings of TLC at surfaces are utilized to obtain detailed temperature distributions and heat transfer rates for steady or transient processes. Liquid crystals also can be used to make the temperature and velocity fields in liquids visible...