Filters
total: 4253
filtered: 1671
-
Catalog
- Publications 1671 available results
- Journals 173 available results
- Conferences 3 available results
- Publishing Houses 25 available results
- People 343 available results
- Inventions 2 available results
- Projects 114 available results
- Laboratories 5 available results
- Research Teams 3 available results
- Research Equipment 1 available results
- e-Learning Courses 56 available results
- Events 154 available results
- Open Research Data 1703 available results
Chosen catalog filters
displaying 1000 best results Help
Search results for: CENTRUM KULTURALNE
-
Influence of the local building tradition on Renaissance architecture in Royal Prussia
PublicationContrary to the southern Europe the first signs of Renaissance in northern parts of the Holy Roman Empire as well as in Poland and Lithuania might be observed only at the beginning of the 16th century. Initially, they were created by Italian teams which came from Florence, Rome and the region of Como. One of the most recognizable marks of that process was the transfer of the Italian craftsmen and architectural solutions, e.g....
-
Solvent influence on the crystal structures of new cadmium tri-tert -butoxysilanethiolate complexes with 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine: luminescence and antifungal activity
PublicationMonocrystals of dinuclear 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine-�4N1,N10:N4,N40-bis[bis(tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato-�S)cadmium(II)], [Cd2(C12H27O3SSi)4(C10-H24N4)] or [Cd2{SSi(OtBu)3}4(�-BAPP)], 1, and polynuclear catena-poly[[bis- (tri-tert-butoxysilanethiolato-�S)cadmium(II)]-�-1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine-�2N10:N40], [Cd(C12H27O3SSi)2(C10H24N4)]n or [Cd{SSi(OtBu)3}2(�-BAPP)]n, 2, with 1,4-bis(3-aminopropyl)piperazine (BAPP)...
-
Importance of model tests in design and operation of watercraft for example CTO
PublicationShip Hydromechanics Division is a specialized research and development department of Ship Design and Research Centre conducting tests and research in the field of hydromechanics, connected with design and operation of ships and other floating structures, in scope of: predictions, numerical analyses, designs of - hull shape optimized with respect to the ship’s functions with the application of modern design tools, screw propellers...
-
Syntheses and structures of the first terminal phosphanylphosphido complexes of molybdenum(IV)
PublicationThe reactions of R2P-P(SiMe3)Li (R = tBu, iPr2N) with [Cp2MoCl2] yield terminal phosphanylphosphido complexes formally via the insertion of the phosphinidene P-atom into the C - H bond of a cyclopentadienyl ring and the migration of the hydrogen atom or SiMe3 moiety to the molybdenum centre. Solid state structures of [Cp(C5H4P-PtBu2)MoH], [Cp(C5H4P-PtBu2)Mo(SiMe3)] and [Cp{C5H4P-P(NiPr2)2}Mo(SiMe3)] were established by single crystal...
-
BADANIA KOMPOZYTOWEGO MOSTU DLA PIESZYCH
PublicationThe paper presents in situ load testing of the innovative footbridge of FOBRIDGE grant mounted at Gdansk University of Technology. The span of composite sandwich structure (GFRP skins, PET core) and the scope of static and dynamic tests are presented. The selected, representative results of in situ measurements and data obtained from the SHM monitoring system are discussed. Besides the standard testing procedures on the full scale...
-
Determinants And Barriers In The Development Of The Entrepreneurial Orientation In The Polish Higher Education Institutions
PublicationThe main aim of the paper is to present the results of the research project on the entrepreneurship in the Polish higher education institutions. The project was funded by the Polish National Science Centre and its main aim was to identify the factors that enable, enhance, limit or disable the entrepreneurial potential in higher education institutions. The paper gives an overview of the identified determinants that foster the entrepreneurial...
-
Wystawy światowe w Barcelonie. Problemy zachowania dziedzictwa kulturowego
PublicationWystawy światowe to wydarzenia mające istotny wpływ na historię i kulturę Europy i świata. Stanowią miejsce prezentacji dorobku kulturalnego i ekonomicznego państw w nich uczestniczących. A ograniczony czas trwania wystaw oraz szerokie grono odbiorców je odwiedzających wpływa na rodzaj i sposób eksponowania kluczowych dla wystawców zagadnień. W pracy skupiono się na analizie losów obiektów wystawowych po zakończeniu trwania imprez...
-
The principles of arturbain.fr for teaching sustainable urban design
PublicationThe article is an attempt to show how important it is in the contemporary education of architecture students to use an ordered repertoire of principles and concepts of a universal nature, at the same time, pointing to the new directions of solutions and answers to the problems of the 21st century. This task is implemented by the French Association L'Arturbain dans les Territoires. It is accompanied by an idea consisting in observing...
-
Self-assemblies of novel magnesium porphyrins mimicking natural chlorosomal bacteriochlorophylls
PublicationSelf-assembling porphyrins are promising materials to mimic natural bacteriochlorophylls c, d, or e encountered in the chlorosomes of photosynthetic bacteria. We have studied four novel magnesium porphyrins mimicking this chlorosomal antenna system. In contrast to previous articles reporting synthetic Zn-porphyrins, our studies focus on porphyrins with Mg as the central atom, which mimic more closely the natural bacteriochlorophylls....
-
The complete stereochemistry of the antibiotic candicidin A3 (syn. ascosin A3, levorin A3)
PublicationHerein, the stereostructure of the aromatic heptaene macrolide (AHM) antifungal antibiotic candicidin A3 (syn. ascosin A3, levorin A3) has been established upon the 2D NMR studies, consisting of DQF-COSY, TOCSY, ROESY, HSQC and HMBC experiments, as well as upon extensive molecular dynamics simulations. The geometry of the heptaenic chromophore was defined as: (22E, 24E, 26Z, 28Z, 30E, 32E, 34E). The previously unreported absolute...
-
Comparative study of selected fluids for use in supercritical Organic Ranking Cycles
PublicationIn view of increasing interest in improving energy efficiency of energy conversion devices, there is an increasing requirement of combined production of heat and electricity as well as demand for increased implementation of renewable energy resources. The micro cogenerative units utilizing the Organic Rankine Cycle are focusing the attention of many research centres around the world. In the present paper calculations of ORC cycles...
-
A novel method for vibration surveillance during high speed ball end milling of flexible details
PublicationPraca dotyczy nadzorowania drgań układów niestacjonarnych modelowanych metodą elementów skończonych. Obróbka frezem kulistym przedmiotów podatnych jest często stosowana w przypadku nowoczesnych centrów obróbkowych. Drgania względne narzędzie-przedmiot obrabiany mogą doprowadzić do utraty stabilności i powstania drgań samowzbudnych typu chatter. W pracy proponuje się metodę minimalizacji poziomu drgań poprzez dopasowanie prędkości...
-
A walk Around Gdańsk for Physicists
PublicationI provide a guide to Gdańsk (Danzig) and some of its suburbs, focusing on sites of particular interest to physicists. These include the Town Hall with the old Gdańsk standards of length at its entrance, the solar dial of 1588 on its corner, and its bell tower; the Naturalists Society; the medieval harbor crane; the medieval astronomical clock in St. Mary's Church; the late nineteenth-century lighthouse and time ball; and sites...
-
Polaron hopping conduction in manganese borosilicate glass
PublicationA study on a novel material - manganese borosilicate glass without alkali metals, was reported. It was found that the obtained samples containing high amount of manganese oxide (60MnO–xSiO2–(40 − x)B2O3, x = 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30 mol%) were amorphous and homogeneous. XPS measurements showed that most of manganese ions are at oxidation level of Mn2 + ions and the mean oxidation level slightly moves toward higher value, with increasing...
-
Comparative Study of Machining Technology Selection to Manufacture Large-Size Components of Offshore Constructions
PublicationThe focus of this paper is on process planning for large parts manufacture in systems of definite process capabilities, involving the use of multi-axis machining centres. The analysis of machining heavy mechanical components used in off-shore constructions has been carried out. Setup concepts applied and operation sequences determined in related process plans underwent studies. The paper presents in particular a reasoning approach...
-
Clustering Context Items into User Trust Levels
PublicationAn innovative trust-based security model for Internet systems is proposed. The TCoRBAC model operates on user profiles built on the history of user with system interaction in conjunction with multi-dimensional context information. There is proposed a method of transforming the high number of possible context value variants into several user trust levels. The transformation implements Hierarchical Agglomerative Clustering strategy....
-
Data Acquisition in a Manoeuver Auto-negotiation System
PublicationTypical approach to collision avoidance systems with artificial intelligence support is that such systems assume a central communication and management point (such as e.g. VTS station), usually located on shore. This approach is, however, not applicable in case of an open water encounter. Thus, recently a new approach towards collision avoidance has been proposed, assuming that all ships in the encounter, either restricted or open...
-
Stability by linear approximation for time scale dynamical systems
PublicationWe study systems on time scales that are generalizations of classical differential or difference equations and appear in numerical methods. In this paper we consider linear systems and their small nonlinear perturbations. In terms of time scales and of eigenvalues of matrices we formulate conditions, sufficient for stability by linear approximation. For non-periodic time scales we use techniques of central upper Lyapunov exponents...
-
The Usage of the BP-Layers Stereo Matching Algorithm with the EBCA Camera Set
PublicationThis paper is concerned with applying a stereo matching algorithm called BP-Layers to a set of many cameras. BP Layers is designed for obtaining disparity maps from stereo cameras. The algorithm takes advantage of convolutional natural networks. This paper presents using this algorithm with a set called Equal Baseline Camera Array. This set consists of up to five cameras with one central camera and other ones aground it. Such a...
-
Promocja zasobów Pomorskiej Biblioteki Cyfrowej na przykładzie XVIII-wiecznego rękopisu
PublicationCelem artykułu jest przedstawienie sposobu udostępniania i promocji zbiorów rękopiśmiennych na przykładzie XVIII-wiecznego rękopisu Christiana Gabriela Fishera dostępnego w Pomorskiej Bibliotece Cyfrowej (dalej: PBC). Rękopis ten stał się inspiracją do podjęcia współpracy Biblioteki Politechniki Gdańskiej oraz Instytutu Kultury Miejskiej w Gdańsku. Dzięki wspólnej inicjatywie rozpoczęto prace nad transkrypcją niemieckiego tekstu...
-
Catena-Poly[[(tetrahydrofuran-[kappa]O)lithium(I)]-bis([mu]-trimethylsilanolato-[kappa]2O:O)-gallium(III)-bis([mu]-trimethylsilanolato-[kappa]2O:O)-[(tetrahydrofuran-[kappa]O)lithium(I)]-[mu]-bromido]
PublicationThe title chain polymer compound, [GaLi2Br(C3H9OSi)4(C4H8O)2]n, was obtained in the reaction of GaBr3 with Me3SiOLi in toluene/tetrahydrofuran. The GaIII atom, located on a twofold rotation axis, is coordinated by four trimethylsilanolate ligands and has a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The LiI atom is four coordinated by one bridging Br atom located on an inversion centre, two trimethylsilanolate ligands and one tetrahydrofurane...
-
Projekt CURE - wykorzystanie technik kształcenia na odległość
PublicationZaprezentowano projekt CURE, który został złożony do Komisji Europejskiej w ramach konkursu na Centra Doskonałości (NAS-2) w V Programie Ramowym Unii Europejskiej. Projekt został zaakceptowany i otrzymał dofinansowanie na trzy lata (2002-2005). W projekcie CURE zastosowane będą techniki kształcenia na odległość. Wybrane przedmioty na studiach doktoranckich i podyplomowych oferowane będą z wykorzystaniem systemów wspomagających...
-
The Comparison of the Web GIS Applications Relevant for 4D Models Sharing
PublicationThe paper presents results of the project: Cultural Heritage Through Time (CHT 2, http://cht2-project.eu) realized accomplished within the framework of the “Joint Programming Initiative in Cultural Heritage” JPI-CH (http://www.jpi-culturalheritage.eu) by an international consortium: Politecnico di Milano (IT), Newcastle University (UK), Salamanca University (ES), and Stanislaw Staszic Scientific Association SSSA (a non-profit...
-
Multimedia System for Environmental Noise Monitoring. [Multimedialny System Monitorowania Hałasu Środowiskowego]
PublicationIntroductionNumerous reports relating to noise threats in Poland indicate that they occur commonly. The noise has an enormous impact on the health and life quality of the human beings. Noise pollution in Poland is greater than in others UE countries, moreover it has been increased recently. Taking into account 2002/49/WE directive related to the control and assessment of environmental noise a necessity of monitoring these threats...
-
Projekt badawczy BRIK: Opracowanie innowacyjnej metody wyznaczania precyzyjnej trajektorii pojazdu szynowego
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono podstawowe informacje dotyczące projektu badawczego realizowanego na zlecenie Narodowego Centrum Badań i Rozwoju oraz Spółki PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S. A. przez Konsorcjum Politechniki Gdańskiej i Uniwersytetu Morskiego w Gdyni. Projekt obejmuje wykorzystanie nowoczesnych metod pomiarowych, takich jak techniki pozycjonowania satelitarnego GNSS, pomiary inercyjne INS oraz skaning laserowy LS, w procesie...
-
Wykorzystanie wyników badań składu wód atmosferycznych orazpowierzchniowych do oceny oddziaływania transportu drogowegona środowisko
PublicationZasadniczym celem pracy doktorskiej było określenie poziomu stężeń szeregu toksycznych składników śladowych obecnych w próbkach opadów atmosferycznych i wód spływnych oraz powierzchniowych zbieranych na terenie miejskim (centrum Gdańska) oraz na obszarze zlokalizowanym w zasięgu oddziaływania arterii komunikacyjnej o wysokim natężeniu ruchu pojazdów mechanicznych (Obwodnica Trójmiejska). Założeniem wykonanych badań było: (1) opracowanie...
-
Publikacje Biblioteki Kongresu w Waszyngtonie w zbiorach Biblioteki Gdańskiej PAN
PublicationPrezentowany w tym artykule zbiór publikacji z lat 1901−1938, pochodzących z Biblioteki Kongresu w Waszyngtonie, zawiera między innymi tablice klasyfikacyjne, sprawozdania z działalności oraz informacje o nabytkach tejże książnicy, zgromadzone w Bibliotece Gdańskiej PAN na początku XX w. „Waszyngtońska” kolekcja wydaje się interesująca przynajmniej z trzech powodów. Po pierwsze, może być ona świadectwem polityki gromadzenia prowadzonej...
-
Wpływ stosowania usług Inteligentnych Systemów Transportowych na poziom bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego
PublicationW artykule opisano założenia projektu pt. "Wpływ stosowania usług Inteligentnych Systemów Transportowych na poziom bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego". Projekt jest realizowany w ramach programu Rozwój Innowacji Drogowych (RID) zorganizowanego i finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju i Generalną Dyrekcję Dróg Krajowych i Autostrad (umowa nr DZP/RID-I-41/7/NCBR/2016). Celem projektu jest opracowanie narzędzi , które umożliwią...
-
HYDROSTATIC THRUST BEARING WITH REDUCED POWER LOSSES
PublicationIn many cases in rotating machinery, axial load is carried by tilting pad thrust bearings which have been developed since the beginning of 20th century. For high reliability and simplicity, most commonly the bearings are bath lubricated. In the times of sustainable development, however, minimization of friction losses becomes an important criterion for machinery assessment, and a strategic goal of their development. Performed calculations,...
-
Effect of heat treatment on the diffusion intermixing and structure of the Cu thin film on Si (111) substrate: a molecular dynamics simulation study
PublicationThis work is devoted to the study of the diffusion process at the interface between copper films with a thickness of 2, 3, 4, 7 and 10 atomic monolayers and silicon substrate by molecular dynamics simulation method. For this purpose, the variation of the concentration of copper and silicon along the perpendicular direction to the interface was investigated. An analysis of the density profile along this direction made it possible...
-
Locally Adaptive Cooperative Kalman Smoothing and Its Application to Identification of Nonstationary Stochastic Systems
PublicationOne of the central problems of the stochastic approximation theory is the proper adjustment of the smoothing algorithm to the unknown, and possibly time-varying, rate and mode of variation of the estimated signals/parameters. In this paper we propose a novel locally adaptive parallel estimation scheme which can be used to solve the problem of fixed-interval Kalman smoothing in the presence of model uncertainty. The proposed solution...
-
Teoretyczne i eksperymentalne badania oraz modelowanie wewnętrznego odzysku ciepła w urządzeniach klimatyzacyjnych
PublicationW ramach prowadzonych wstępnych prac dotyczących badań wewnętrznego odzysku ciepła dokonano analizy psychrometrycznej porównawczej dla trzech rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych jednoprzewodowej centrali klimatyzacyjnej. Badaniom teoretycznym poddano, przy współudziale VBW Engineering Spółka z o.o., centrale klimatyzacyjno-wentylacyjne jednoprzewodowego systemu otwartego. Analizowano trzy warianty: klasyczna centrala - bez odzysku ciepła,...
-
Application of the Polish active GNSS geodetic network for surveying and design of the railroad
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono opis sieci ASG-EUPOS oraz architekturę zastosowanego zestawu pomiarowego GNSS. Opisano geodezyjne przygotowanie pomiarów toru kolejowego, które przeprowadzono na ok. 30-kilometrowym odcinku testowym. Ustawienie centrów fazowych anten względem osi toru testowego wyznaczono metodami geodezji tradycyjnej w oparciu o pomiary tachimetryczne. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych pomiarów ksztaltu geometrycznego toru podjęto...
-
Ocena przeżywalności sieci bezskalowych w sytuacji celowych działań niszczących
PublicationW artykule poddano ocenie zachowanie sieci teleinformatycznych w warunkach celowych działań niszczących (ataków). Przebadano zdolność sieci o topologii bezskalowej do zapewnienia przeżywalności usług w przypadku eliminacji jej istotnych węzłów, zwanych centrami. Ukazano istotne różnice dotyczące poziomu jakości odtwarzania usług dla awarii będącej następstwem ataku, w zestawieniu z przypadkiem awarii losowej. Zaproponowano również...
-
Modern technologies in energy demand reducing of public transport — Practical applications
PublicationCity of Gdynia (Poland) exploits one of the most modern trolleybus network in Europe, which has been involved in many projects related to the reduction of energy consumption. Some of them are connected with the improving of energy breaking recovery usage. An experimental stationary storage system at Północna substation, which was tested in 2012-2014, is a bright example of a system which is connected with the improving of the...
-
Creating a more conscious built environment for day- and night-time setting through interdisciplinary collaboration
PublicationThe last decades have seen an increase in the speed, scale and scope of urbanisation, fundamentally shifting the character of the built environment and engendering a radical search for new and resilient design practices. Although we, as society, live in the age of technology, inventions and almost unlimited access to information, we rarely use these opportunities to our advantage to improve the quality of life. It seems that multidisciplinary...
-
Polish Experience of Implementing Vision Zero
PublicationPurpose of Review The aim of this study is to present an outline and the principles of Poland’s road safety strategic programming as it has developed over the last 25 years since the first Integrated Road Safety System with a strong focus on Sweden’s “Vision Zero”. Recent Findings Countries that have successfully improved road safety have done so by following strategies centred around the idea that people are not infallible and...
-
Places of worship, spiritual healing and urban regeneration
PublicationMany researchers demonstrated that it is possible to help people achieve mental and physical regeneration with proper architecture, urban and landscape planning. The term therapeutic landscapes could also be applied to places of worship, where people gather for spiritual healing and renewal. Public space that they offer is inclusively open to all. Addition- ally, they serve to reinvigorate the places where they are located. Shrines...
-
The Use of Photographs in the Teaching/Learning of Descriptive Geometry
PublicationThe article presents the concept of enriching the Descriptive Geometry course with photographs and several simplified real-life engineering tasks. The photographic images used for the exercises are tightly linked to engineering structures, the given specialization and the surrounding world. The photo image as a record of central projection of a real space can be useful for presentation and analysis of the properties of perspective....
-
Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
PublicationThe novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements...
-
Analytical studies of spectrum broadcast structures in quantum Brownian motion
PublicationSpectrum broadcast structures are a new and fresh concept in the quantum-to-classical transition, introduced recently in the context of decoherence and the appearance of objective features in quantum mechanics. These are specific quantum state structures, responsible for the objectivization of the decohered state of a system. Recently, they have been demonstrated by means of the well-known quantum Brownian motion model of the recoilless...
-
Parallel implementation of the DGF-FDTD method on GPU Using the CUDA technology
PublicationThe discrete Green's function (DGF) formulation of the finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) is accelerated on a graphics processing unit (GPU) by means of the Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA) technology. In the developed implementation of the DGF-FDTD method, a new analytic expression for dyadic DGF derived based on scalar DGF is employed in computations. The DGF-FDTD method on GPU returns solutions that are compatible...
-
Acceleration of the DGF-FDTD method on GPU using the CUDA technology
PublicationWe present a parallel implementation of the discrete Green's function formulation of the finite-difference time-domain (DGF-FDTD) method on a graphics processing unit (GPU). The compute unified device architecture (CUDA) parallel computing platform is applied in the developed implementation. For the sake of example, arrays of Yagi-Uda antennas were simulated with the use of DGF-FDTD on GPU. The efficiency of parallel computations...
-
Quantum origins of objectivity
PublicationIn spite of all of its successes, quantum mechanics leaves us with a central problem: How does nature create a bridge from fragile quanta to the objective world of everyday experience? Here we find that a basic structure within quantum mechanics that leads to the perceived objectivity is a so-called spectrum broadcast structure. We uncover this based on minimal assumptions, without referring to any dynamical details or a concrete...
-
Source-related Wavefields in Fluids and Dielectrics: A new way of Thinking about Medium Dynamics
PublicationAcoustic and electromagnetic wave phenomena may seem to have a proper formal representation in field theory dating from the 19th century, founded on the mathematics of complex functions. This paper shows, however, that when replacing the classical spectrum-domain approach related to the assumption of harmonic timeform of signals, with a time-domain approach imposingnorestrictionastotheclassoftimeevolutionofsourceandfieldsignals,...
-
Mitigation of Fake Data Content Poisoning Attacks in NDN via Blockchain
PublicationAbstract—Information-centric networks struggle with content poisoning attacks (CPAs), especially their stronger form called Fake Data CPA, in which an intruder publisher uploads content signed with stolen credentials. Following an existing graphinfection based approach leveraging the constrained time when stolen credentials are useful, we design a blockchain-based mitigation scheme for Named Data Networking architectures. We postulate...
-
Implementation of International Standards of Fiscal and Monetary Transparency - Case of Poland
PublicationResearch background: Financial managers, investors, lenders, counterparties and citizens should have useful, reliable, timely, complete, comparable, readable information on fiscal and monetary policy. The actions taken and instruments used by fiscal and monetary authorities have an important impact on economic conditions. Purpose of the article: The aim of the article is to assess Poland's compliance with international standards...
-
Novel Nonlinear High Order Technologies for Damage Diagnosis of Complex Assets
PublicationFor the first time worldwide, innovative techniques, generic non-linear higher-order unnormalized cross-correlations of spectral moduli, for the diagnosis of complex assets, are proposed. The normalization of the proposed techniques is based on the absolute central moments, that have been proposed and widely investigated in mathematical works. The existing higher-order, crosscovariances of complex spectral components are not sufficiently...
-
Ionosphere variability I: Advances in observational, monitoring and detection capabilities
PublicationThe paper aims to review recent advances regarding the observational and monitoring capabilities of the ionization conditions in the Earth's upper atmosphere. The analysis spans both ground and space-based experiments, seeking for new installations and/or missions, new or upgraded instrumentation and/or observational network establishments as means for advancing current understanding and prediction ability of the ionosphere variability....
-
Przestrzenie podróży.
PublicationW całej Europie obserwuje się renesans kolei jako szybkiego środka komunikacji publicznej. Dzięki przebudowie linii kolejowych, łącznie z przenoszeniem ich pod ziemię, uzyskuje się cenne tereny śródmiejskie. Realizowane są projekty modernizacji licznych dworców kolejowych oraz budowy nowych. Dworce odzyskują rangę wielkich węzłów integracyjnych. Powstają megastruktury przypominające hipermarkety albo multikina. Główna funkcja zespołu...