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Monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in atmospheric air. Part II. Sample collection and preparation
PublicationThe paper reviews literature information on air sampling techniques commonly used for monitoring volatile organic compounds (VOCs) levels in atmospheric air. It describes containers for collecting samples of atmospheric air, such as vacuum canisters and bags made from synthetic materials. It discusses dynamic, passive and denudational techniques for sampling analytes from air combining isolation with preliminary enrichment, and...
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Tuning of the Anti-Breast Cancer Activity of Betulinic Acid via Its Conversion to Ionic Liquids
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New amino acid propyl ester ibuprofenates from synthesis to use in drug delivery systems
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Influence of molecular organization of photo-active azo-phanes on thereactivity in monolayers at the air-water interface.
PublicationStwierdzono, że molekularna organizacja monowarstw na granicy powietrze-woda, otrzymanych z amfifilowego azofanu z nierozgałęzionym podstawnikiem n-dodecylowym różni się od tej uzyskanej dla analogu z objętościowym podstawnikiem ''tert''-oktylowym pod względem powierzchni zajmowanej przez cząsteczkę. Kompleksowanie jonów sodu z subfazy wodnej, jak wywnioskowano z pomiaru potencjału powierzchniowego, jest ułatwione w przypadku azofanu...
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Rate of bitumen film transfer from a quartz surface to an air bubble as observed by optical microscopy.
PublicationSzybkość przeniesienia filmu bitumu z powierzchni płytki kwarcowej na powierzchnię pęcherzyka powietrza w roztworze alkalicznym została udokumentowana zdjęciami.
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Supramolecular Assemblies of Hydrogen Bonded Carboxylic Acid Dimers Mediated by Phenyl-Pentafluorophenyl Stacking Interactions.
PublicationKwas pentafluorobenzoesowy tworzy heterodimery z kwasami benzoesowym i 2,4,6-trimetylobenzoesowym w wyniku oddziaływań typu pi-pi reszt fenylowych i pentafluorofenylowych. Otrzymane kokryształy wymienionych kwasów z 1,4-bisarylobutadiynami zawierały homodimery tworzone przez cząsteczki kwasów, pomiędzy którymi znajdowały się cząsteczki diarylodiacetylenów.
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Acid-triggered release from sterically stabilized fusogenic liposomes via ahydrolytic DePEGylation strategy
PublicationOpracowano nowe, labilne w stosunku do kwasów, pochodne diplasmenylo-cholinysprzężone z glikolem polietylenowym (PEG) i zbadano ich wpływ na lipozomy.Opisano szybkość hydrolizy oraz szybkość uwalniania oraz kinetykę tworzenialipozomów DOPE stabilizowanych BVEP stosunków molowych BCEP/DOPE wynoszących1:99, 3:97 oraz 5:95. Zbadano widma 31P NMR, także dla układów z jonami Mn2+dla różnych wartości pH.
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Zastosowanie detektora fotojonizacyjnego (PID) w analizie środowiskowej. Application of photoionization detector in environmental analysis
PublicationNa podstawie studium literaturowego przedstawiono zastosowania detektora fotojonizacyjnego (photoionization detector - PID) w analizie środowiskowej. Omówiono zarówno kierunki wykorzystania w bezpośrednich metodach analitycznych jako czujnika, jak i w oznaczeniach chromatograficznych. Przedstawiono budowę i zasadę działania detektora oraz różne warianty instalowania detektora w układzie chromatograficznym, a także sposoby łączenia...
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Determination of carbon monoxide, methane and carbon dioxide in refinery hydrogen gases and air by gas chromatography
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono metodę oznaczania śladowych zawartości tlenku węgla, metanu oraz dwutlenku węgla w rafineryjnych gazach wodorowych oraz powietrzu; granica oznaczalności metody wynosi odpowiednio 0,15, 0,15 oraz 0,20 mikro-gram/litr. Zaprezentowano w pracy prostą modyfikację chromatografu gazowego wyposażonego w detektor płomieniowo-jonizacyjny (FID). Zastosowano kolumnę typu PorapakQ, dodatkowo połączono szeregowo z krótką...
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Comparable analysis of PID controller settings in order to ensure reliable operation of active foil bearings
PublicationIn comparison to the traditional solutions, active bearings offer great operating flexibility, ensure better operating conditions over a wider range of rotational speeds and are safe to use. In order to ensure optimum bearing performance a bearing control system is used that adapts different geometries during device operation. The selection of optimal controller parameters requires the use of modern optimization methods that make...
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Thermodynamic analysis of the Compressed Air Energy Storage system coupled with the Underground Thermal Energy Storage
PublicationImprovement of flexibility is one of the key challenges for the transformation of the Polish Power System aiming at a high share of renewable energy in electricity generation. Flexible and dispatchable power plants will contribute to this ongoing transformation process as they compensate for fluctuations in electricity generation from renewable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaics. In this context, CAES storage tanks are...
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Evolution of electrohydrodynamic flow of sduspended particles in a needle-to-plate negative DC corona discharge in air
PublicationCorona discharges are used for collecting dust in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). The dust collection is mainlyrealized by the electric forces which move the ionized dust particles to the collecting electrodes. However, the presence of coronadischarge in the space between the charging and collecting electrodes in ESPs causes also the so-called ionic wind which set the gasmolecules and dust...
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The mechanical properties and bactericidal degradation effectiveness of tannic acid-based thin films for wound care
PublicationThe surface area is the most important aspect when considering the interactions between a material and the surrounding environment. Chitosan (CTS) and tannic acid (TA) were previously successfully tested by us to obtain thin films to serve as wound dressings or food packaging materials. However, surface properties as well as the antimicrobial activity of the material were not considered. They are important if the material is likely...
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Application of a Gas Sensor Array to Effectiveness Monitoring of Air Contaminated with Toluene Vapors Absorption Process
PublicationThis article demonstrates the application of a gas sensor array to monitor the effectiveness of the absorption process of air stream purification from odorous compounds (toluene vapors). A self-constructed matrix consisting of five commercially available gas sensors was used. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was selected as the statistical technique used to calibrate the matrice. Gas chromatography coupled with a flame ionization...
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Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Air: Focus on Biotrickling Filtration and Process Modeling
PublicationBiotrickling filtration is a well-established technology for the treatment of air polluted with odorous and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Besides dozens of successful industrial applications of this technology, there are still gaps in a full understanding and description of the mechanisms of biotrickling filtration. This review focuses on recent research results on biotrickling filtration of air polluted with single and multiple...
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Numerical and quantitative analysis of HIV/AIDS model with modified Atangana-Baleanu in Caputo sense derivative
PublicationFractional calculus plays an important role in the development of control strategies, the study of the dynamical transmission of diseases, and some other real-life problems nowadays. The time-fractional HIV/AIDS model is examined using a novel method in this paper. Based on the Atangana-concept Baleanu’s of a derivative in the Caputo sense, the current modified fractional derivative operator uses singular and non-local kernels....
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Technical and economic analysis of energy storage in the compressed air technology with low capacity for the production plant
PublicationCompressed air energy storage (CAES) system is a promising technology due to its numerous advantages, including relatively low maintenance cost, a long lifespan and high operational flexibility. This article explores the possibility of designing a CAES power plant as a source of electricity and heat for an existing industrial plant. The study involves the technical analysis of the power plant parameters and the economic analysis...
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Preparation of Pseudopeptides Building Blocks with Retro-Thioamide Bond Mediated via Thiocarbamoyl Meldrum's Acid
PublicationAn easy and efficient synthesis of pseudo tripeptide containing a thiomalonamide moiety was developed. Isothiocyanate derivatives of amino acids react smoothly with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione yielding new thiocarbamoyl Meldrum's acids. Thermal decomposition of this new Meldrum's acid derivatives generate thiocarbamoyl ketenes, which acylate amino acid esters to give pseudo tripeptides.
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Modified Preisach model of hysteresis in multi air gap ferrite core medium frequency transformer
PublicationThis article presents the modified Preisach model of hysteresis for a 3-phase medium frequency transformer in a 100 kW dual active bridge converter. The transformer magnetic core is assembled out of ferrite I-cores, which results in multiple parasitic air gaps. For this transformer, the hysteresis loops were measured and parameters of the Preisach model were determined. The Preisach distribution function is approximated with a...
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Removal of cyclohexane and ethanol from air in biotrickling filters inoculated with Candida albicans and Candida subhashii
PublicationThis paper presents investigations on the removal of cyclohexane and ethanol from air in polyurethane- -packed biotrickling filters, inoculated with Candida albicans and Candida subhashii fungal species. Results on process performance together with flow cytometry analyses of the biofilm formed over packing elements are presented and discussed. The results indicate that the presence of ethanol enhances the removal efficiency of cyclohexane...
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High Temperature Air/Steam Conversion of Biomass and Wastes Into Fuel Gas for Heat and Electricity Production
PublicationPaper present principle of high temperature air/staem gasification as well as some results of research using this technology for conversion of biomass and wastes into fuel gas.
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High Temperature Corrosion Evaluation of Porous Hastelloy X Alloy in Air and Humidified Hydrogen Atmospheres
PublicationIn this work a commercially available porous Hastelloy X alloy is characterized in terms of high temperature corrosion resistance. The alloy was oxidized in the temperature range from 500C to 900C in air and humidified hydrogen for 100 hours. Corrosion rates and porosity changes were measured. Microstructural characterization was performed using X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. Results show that porous alloys...
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A selection of PID type controller settings via LQR approach for two-wheeled balancing robot
PublicationThe problem of PID type controller tuning has been addressed in this paper. In particular, a method of selection of PD settings based on the solution of linear–quadratic optimisation problem using the energy criterion has been investigated. Thus, the possibility of transforming optimal settings of the linear–quadratic regulator into the settings of the controller in the classical control system has been given. The presented methodology...
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Metody strojenia regulatorów typu PID z wykorzystaniem technologii syntezy regulatorów od stanu
PublicationUkłady sterujące typu PID są jednymi z najbardziej popularnych regulatorów wykorzystywanych w układach regulacji. W związku z tym znanych jest szereg metod doboru wartości ich parametrów (nastaw). Obok różnych metod inżynierskich czy analitycznych strojenia tego typu regulatorów, dostępne są również podejścia bazujące na optymalizacji. Wskaźnikiem jakości znajdującym w nich zastosowanie jest np. całka z kwadratu uchybu. W artykule...
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Modulacja FMT: właściwości oraz efektywna realizacja modulatora z wykorzystaniem algorytmu overlap-add
PublicationW artykule omówiono koncepcję modulacji FMT (ang. Filtered Multi-Tone) z próbkowaniem krytycznym oraz niekrytycznym, a także porównano podstawowe właściwości sygnałów w ten sposób zmodulowanych. Szczegółowo omówiono efektywną implementację modulatora FMT z wykorzystaniem banku filtrów polifazowych oraz techniki overlap-add. Pokazano wpływ parametrów modulatora, w tym charakterystyk filtru oraz odstępów miedzy nośnymi na charakterystyki...
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Curing epoxy with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) surface-functionalized Co Fe3-O4 magnetic nanoparticles
PublicationIn this work, the bulk and surface composition of Fe3O4 supermagnetic nanoparticles were modified for efficient epoxy curing. The bare, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) capped, and cobalt (Co)-doped EDTA capped Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized electrochemically. The crystalline structure and phase information, surface capping, morphology and magnetization behavior of nanoparticles were studied by X-Ray diffraction (XRD),...
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Preparation and Characterization of Microsphere ZnO ALD Coating Dedicated for the Fiber-Optic Refractive Index Sensor
PublicationWe report the fabrication of a novel fiber-optic sensor device, based on the use of a microsphere conformally coated with a thin layer of zinc oxide (ZnO) by atomic layer deposition (ALD), and its use as a refractive index sensor. The microsphere was prepared on the tip of a single-mode optical fiber, on which a conformal ZnO thin film of 200 nm was deposited using an ALD process based on diethyl zinc (DEZ) and water at 100 °C....
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The influence of high temperature wood drying conditions using air-steam mixture on its properties
PublicationThe results of properties change of beech wood after drying process are presented. The wood taken to experiments was from northern part of Pomeranian region in Poland. Before the main high temperature drying process using air-steam mixture, wood was initially dried in an open air conditions. The high temperature drying process was conducted at temperature 120oC, humidity 48%, flow rate of drying medium 2.5m/s and atmospheric pressure....
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Synthesis and biological activity of ester derivatives of mycophenolic acid and acridines/acridones as potential immunosuppressive agents
PublicationImproved derivatives of mycophenolic acid (MPA) are necessary to reduce the frequency of adverse effects, this drug exerts in treated patients. In this study, MPA was coupled with N-(x-hydroxyalkyl)-9-acridone-4-carboxamides or N-(x-hydroxyalkyl)acridine-4-carboxamides to give respective ester conjugates upon Yamaguchi protocol. This esterification required protection of phenol group in MPA. Designed conjugates revealed higher...
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High-temperature kinetics study of 430L steel powder oxidized in air at 600–850 °C
PublicationThe 430L stainless steel powder with a mean particle size of 95 μm was studied to determine its high-temperature oxidation properties. Continuous thermogravimetric measurements were carried out for 100 h in air at temperatures in the range of 600–850 °C. Even though a considerable amount of Cr (up to ˜5 wt.% Cr) inside the grains was depleted – especially inside small grains – no breakaway oxidation was observed. This indicates...
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High temperature oxidation behavior of SUS430 SOFC interconnects with Mn-Co spinel coating in air
PublicationIn this study, SUS430 alloy is evaluated for its high temperature corrosion properties as a possible material for interconnects of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Samples are coated with Mn-Co by commercial physical vapor deposition (PVD) process and oxidized in air for 1250 h at 800 °C. A dense cubic Mn-Co-Fe spinel layer is formed on the surface, showing great effect on corrosion reduction compared with the samples without coating....
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Identification of damages in the inlet air duct of a diesel engine based on exhaust gas temperature measurements
PublicationThe temperature of the exhaust gas of a diesel piston engine, measured in the characteristic control sections of its thermo-flow system, can be a valuable source of diagnostic information about the technical condition of the elements limiting the working spaces thus separated, including the turbocharging system, but also its fuel supply system and replacement of the medium. In standard marine engine measurement systems equipped...
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Comparative Evaluation of Selected Biological Methods for the Removal of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Odorous VOCs from Air
PublicationDue to increasingly stringent legal regulations as well as increasing social awareness, the removal of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from air is gaining importance. This paper presents the strategy to compare selected biological methods intended for the removal of different air pollutants, especially of odorous character. Biofiltration, biotrickling filtration and bioscrubbing technologies are evaluated in terms of...
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Fractional Calculus Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Crosslinking in a Nanoscopic Part of Articular Cartilage Model System
PublicationThis work presents a study of the mechanism of physical crosslinking of hyaluronic acid in the presence of common phospholipids in synovial joint organ systems. Molecular dynamic simulations have been executed to understand the formation of hyaluronan networks at various phospholipid concentrations. The results of the simulations suggest that the mechanisms exhibit subdiffusion characteristics. Transportation quantities derive...
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Evaluation of Ambient Air Odour Quality in Vicinity of Municipal Landfill Using Electronic Nose Technique
PublicationThe paper presents the results of investigation on ambient air quality evaluation with respect to concentration of odorants in a vicinity of municipal landfill. The investigation was carried out with a prototype of electronic nose and a team of panelists utilizing the Nasal Ranger field olfactometers. The prototype was equipped with a set of six semiconductor sensors by FIGARO Co. and one PID-type sensor. Performed measurements...
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Design of OFDM-based radio communication systems for coast-to-sea and coast-to-air propagation environments
PublicationIn the paper the study of radio communication system design process for systems based on OFDM transmission is considered. The signal propagation model for 1.4 GHz frequency band is discussed, and the study of signal propagation characteristics, important from the point of view of OFDM system design, is presented. The methodology of OFDM interface design is proposed and some characteristics of the OFDM-based radio communication...
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Nanoporous TiO2 electrode grown by laser ablation of titanium in air at atmospheric pressure and room temperature
PublicationRecently, fabrication of the nanoporous TiO2 photoelectrode on metal foils by means of sputtering of the Ti film on preheatedmetal substrate followed by the TiO2 deposition (doctor blade technique) and sintering represents the frequently applied technique. This is despite the relatively complicated procedure and number of parameters to be controlled in order to fabricate films of required properties. In this work an approach is...
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Total cross section for low-energy electron scattering from formic acid, (HCOOH), molecules
PublicationTotal cross section (TCS) for low-energy electron scattering from formic acid molecules has been measured using electrostatic electron spectrometer working in linear transmission mode. Two local maxima centered around 1.7 eV and 7.8 eV have been observed and associated with resonant scattering processes.
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Concentrations of monoaromatic hydrocarbons in the air of the underground car park and individual garages attached to residential buildings
PublicationThe paper describes the characteristics of a two-level underground car park and three individual garages attached to residential buildings, differing by the resident utilization habits, located in North Poland (Tri-City agglomeration area). The strategy of collecting the analyte samples from air in mentioned enclosed areas, concerning the determination of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene and p,m-xylenes (BTEX) concentrations...
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The Thin-Layer Microchromatography (μTLC) and TLC–FID Technique as a New Methodology in the Study of Lubricating Oils
PublicationThis paper concerns the possibility of using TLC coupled with a flame ionization detector (FID) and micro-TLC (μTLC) as precursors for microfluidized devices of analytical techniques to identify and determine the presence and content of the petroleum/vegetable oil base in the lubricating oils applied in cutting devices (chainsaws). This research is related to the problem of ensuring, in compliance with the requirements of environmental...
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Inactivation of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase by N3-oxoacyl derivatives of L-2,3-diaminopropanoic acid
PublicationN3-oksoacylowe pochodne kwasu l-2,3-diaminopropanowego zawierające ugrupowanie epoksydowe lub układ sprzężonych wiązań podwójnych inaktywują syntaze glukozamino-6-fosforanu (GlcN-6-P) z S. cerevisiae. Wyniki badań kinetycznych inaktywacji enzymu wskazują na dwuetapowy przebieg tej reakcji, przy czym tworzenie kompleksu enzym:ligand poprzedza nieodwracalną modyfikację enzymu. Badane związki różniły się powinowactwem do centrum aktywnego...
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Compositional characteristics of black-carbon and nanoparticles in air-conditioner dust from an inhabitable industrial metropolis
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Determination of paraffin oil mist penetration at high flow rates through air-purifying respirators
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QoS-sensitive selfish behavior in ad hoc wireless lans: a stochastic game model
PublicationRozważany jest prosty model stacji sieci bezprzewodowej wprowadzają-cych ruch elastyczny przy wymaganiu minimalnej przepływności. Każda stacja, okresowo przełączając się na egoistyczną konfigurację MAC, próbuje wyeliminować inne stacje z ubiegania się o pasmo sieci. Dla powstającej w ten sposób gry zastosowano model gry markowowskiej i pokazano istnienie symetrycznego punktu równowagi strategicznej.
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Protokół transmisji sensorowej sieci Ad Hoc
PublicationW referacie zaprezentowano protokół radiowej sieci sensorowej Ad Hoc. Sieć ta pracuje w oparciu o metodę wielodostępu TDMA. Szybkość transmisji w kanale radiowym wynosi 57,6 kb/s. W referacie przedstawiono budowę ramek, rodzaje pakietów oraz procedury przypisania wolnych szczelin czasowych do węzła, zwalniania przypisanych szczelin i wykrywania konfliktów przyporządkowania szczelin.
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The Transmission Protocol of Sensor Ad Hoc Networks
PublicationThis paper presents a secure protocol for a radio Ad Hoc sensor network. This network uses the TDMA multiple access method. The transmission rate on the radio channel is 57.6 kbps. The paper presents the construction of frames, types of packets and procedures for the authentication, assignment of time slots available to the node, releasing assigned slots and slots assignment conflict detection.
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Traffic Remapping Attacks in Ad Hoc Networks
PublicationAd hoc networks rely on the mutual cooperation of stations. As such, they are susceptible to selfish attacks that abuse network mechanisms. Class-based QoS provisioning mechanisms, such as the EDCA function of IEEE 802.11, are particularly prone to traffic remapping attacks, which may bring an attacker better QoS without exposing it to easy detection. Such attacks have been studied in wireless LANs, whereas their impact in multihop...
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GC-FID determination of C2-C4 aliphatic monocarboxylic acids in aqueous samples preceded by solvent extraction
PublicationEkstrakcja za pomocą eteru metylo-tert-butylowego (MTBE) została wykorzystana do izolacji krótkołańcuchowych alkanowych kwasów monokarboksylowych (2-4 atomy węgla w cząsteczce) z próbek o matrycy wodnej. Całkowita wydajność dwukrotnej ekstrakcji z próbek wodnych kwasów: octowego, propionowego i masłowego wynosiła odpowiednio ok. 55% , ok. 90% i ponad 90%. Wydajności ekstrakcji są porównywalne z wartościami uzyskiwanymi w przypadku...
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p-Coumaric acid, Kaempferol, Astragalin and Tiliroside Influence the Expression of Glycoforms in AGS Gastric Cancer Cells
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Influence of the addition of citric acid on the physico-chemical properties of poly(sorbitol sebacate-co- butylene sebacate)
PublicationThe article presents the results of the physicochemical properties of poly(sorbitol sebacate- co-butylene sebacate) (PSBS) obtained with 0.25; 0.5; 0.75; 1 mol of citric acid (KC). It was shown that PSBS obtained with 0.25 and 0.5 mol KC is characterized by the most optimal mechanical and thermal properties. As a result of the study, it was found that the use of sorbitol and citric acid allows obtaining ester materials with...