Search results for: POLYURETHANE PREPOLYMER
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Charakterystyka stałych przewodzących kompozytów poliuretanowych
PublicationCelem przeprowadzonych badań było określenie właściwości mechanicznych i przewodzących nowych elektrolitów poliuretanowych. Elastomery poliuretanowe, stanowiące matrycę badanych układów, zsyntezowano przy użyciu 4,4'- diizocyjanianu difenylometanu (MDI), oligo(oksytetrametyleno)diolu (PTMG) i 1,4 butanodiolu (BDO). Sól LiClO4 domieszkowano do poliolu a nanonapełniacz wprowadzono podczas przedłużania łańcuchów prepolimeru za pomocą...
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GOOD HEALTH PRODUCTS AND POLYMER COMPOSITES OBTAINED WITH THE USE OF NATURAL ORIGIN MICRO- AND NANOFIBERS
PublicationThe aim of this work was focused on good health products and polymer composites obtained with the use of natural origin micro- and nanofibers. Many different type of the natural plants are used in the production of good health products and polymer processing like curcuma, cellulose, microalgae and others. Often are used as a antioxidants and fillers. In this work the effect of algae and cellulose as a microfillers on the chosen...
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Modyfikacja chemiczna poliuretanów przy użyciu glikolizatów
PublicationCelem pracy było zbadanie możliwości wykorzystania gikolizatów o masach cząsteczkowych od 200 do 1000 jako substancji modyfikujących właściwości poliuretanów. Glikolizaty otrzymywano w reakcji odpadowej pianki poliuretanowej z 1,3-propanodiolem przy różnym stosunku masowym reagentów. Otrzymane glikolizaty scharakteryzowano poprzez oznaczenie lepkości (wiskozymetrem Brookfielda), gęstości (piknometrem) oraz liczby hydroksylowej...
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Syntezy i właściwości nowych poliuretanów dla medycyny
PublicationOpisano syntezy poliuretanów (PUR) z użyciem cykloalifatycznego diizocyjanianu, małocząsteczkowych dioli i triglicerydu kwasu 12-hydroksyoleinowego (olej rycynowy) oraz oligomeroli tworzących segmenty giętkie: polioksytetra-metylenoglikolu (PTMG), poliwęglanu glikolu heksametylenowego (PHC), polibu-tadienodiolu (PBD) i handlowego prepolimeru uretanowego z PBD i 4,4´-diizo-cyjanianu difenylometanu. Przedstawiono wyniki badań właściwości...
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Termoplastyczne elastomery biopoliuretanowe otrzymywane z dwóch substratów pochodzenia roślinnego
PublicationCelem niniejszej pracy było zbadanie wpływu monomerów pochodzenia roślinnego na wybrane właściwości nowych termoplastycznych elastomerów poliuretanowych. Przygotowane w pracy materiały otrzymano metodą dwuetapową (prepolimerową) z wykorzystaniem petrochemicznego diizocyjanianu oraz dwóch monomerów pochodzenia roślinnego (odnawialnego): biopoliolu i bioglikolu. Zbadano także wpływ stosunku molowego grup izocyjanianowych [NCO] do...
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Novel Biomass-Based Polymers: Synthesis, Characterization, and Application
PublicationA wide range of polymers were prepared from biomass-derivatives, using different polymerization mechanisms. Well-defined, fully hydroxy-functional polyesters based on aliphatic diols were synthesized, using either conventional metal-based catalysts or the organic superbase 1,5,7-triazabicyclododecene (TBD). Unsaturated polyesters were also made, offering additional functionality to these biobased resins. Metal-catalyzed or enzymatic...
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The porosity and morphology of PU foams prepared by solvent casting/salt leaching method with different solvents
PublicationIn this study, the polyurethane (PU) system based on poly(ethylene-butylene) adipate diol, 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-butanediol and ascorbic acid is used to prepare a foamed material. Polymer foams were created using solvent casting/salt-particle leaching (SC/PL) method. The influence of the PU concentration in different solutions [either in a DMF or in DMF with THF as a co-solvent] on the morphology and porosity of the...
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Sztywność i energia rozpraszana polieterouretanowych elementów sprężystych
PublicationPrzedstawiono wyniki badań wytrzymałościowych i energii rozpraszanej materiałów wytworzonych z elastomeru polieterouretanowego w postaci walca i cylindrycznej tulei, różniących się współczynnikiem kształtu i przekrojem poprzecznym. Próbki zsyntetyzowano z 4,4’-diizocyjanianu difenylometanu (MDI), oligo(oksytetra-metyleno)diolu (PTMG), a butano- 1,4-diol (BDO) użyto jako przedłużacz łańcucha prepolimeru. Stosunek molowy grup izocyjanianowych...
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Processing of Polyester-Urethane Filament and Characterization of FFF 3D Printed Elastic Porous Structures with Potential in Cancellous Bone Tissue Engineering
PublicationThis paper addresses the potential of self-made polyester-urethane filament as a candidate for Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF)-based 3D printing (3DP) in medical applications. Since the industry does not provide many ready-made solutions of medical-grade polyurethane filaments, we undertook research aimed at presenting the process of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) filament formation, detailed characteristics, and 3DP of specially...
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Effects of liquid phase modification on the performance of biotrickling filters
Open Research DataDataset presents the effects of liquid phase modification on the biotrickling filtration (BTF) performance of air polluted with toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene and styrene.
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Podatność na degradację poliuretanów z syntetycznym polihydroksymaślanem w środowisku utleniającym i hydrolitycznym
PublicationPoliuretany (PURs), zawierające w segmencie giętkim ataktyczny, telecheliczny poli([R,S]-3-hydroksymaślan) (a-PHB) oraz polikaprolaktonodiol (PCL) lub polioksytetrametylenodiol (PTMG), poddano degradacji hydrolitycznej i oksydacyjnej. Poliuretany poddano degradacji hydrolitycznej w buforze fosforanowym z dodatkiem NaN3 w czasie 36 tygodni oraz oksydacyjnej w roztworze CoCl2/H2O2 w czasie 16 tygodni inkubacji. Próbki inkubowano...
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Recent Advances in Development of Waste-Based Polymer Materials: A Review
PublicationLimited petroleum sources, suitable law regulations, and higher awareness within society has caused sustainable development of manufacturing and recycling of polymer blends and composites to be gaining increasing attention. This work aims to report recent advances in the manufacturing of environmentally friendly and low-cost polymer materials based on post-production and postconsumer wastes. Sustainable development of three groups...
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Oligouretanole otrzymane w wyniku glikolizy pianki poliuretanowej jako półprodukty do wytwarzania lanych elastomerów uretanowych
PublicationCelem pracy było otrzymanie i zbadanie właściwości oligouretanoli, produktów glikolizy odpadowej pianki poliuretanowej w recyklingu surowcowym oraz uzyskanych z nich lanych elastomerów uretanowych. Lane elastomery uretanowe syntezowano metodą prepolimerową. Prepolimer otrzymywano z 4,4'-diizocyjanianu difenylometanu (MDI) oraz mieszaniny oligouretanomerolu z polieterodiolem o nazwie handlowej Rokopol D2002 i następnie przedłużano...
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Polyisocyanates from Sustainable Resources
PublicationIsocyanates, next to polyols, constitute the major components essential for polyurethane (PU) production. They have a significant impact on physicochemical, mechanical, and thermal properties of PU materials. They also have an impact on those materials’ purposes, forms, textures, and other features. The available and used isocyanates are of a petrochemical origin. With the development of a trend toward green chemistry in the science...
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Synteza poliuretanu z udziałem biomonomerów i jego recykling chemiczny
PublicationPrzeprowadzono recykling chemiczny (aminoliza i glikoliza) zsyntezowanego wcześniej poliuretanu, otrzymanego z wykorzystaniem surowców pochodzenia naturalnego, oraz zbadano podstawowe właściwości otrzymanych produktów depolimeryzacji chemicznej. Poliuretan otrzymano metodą prepolimerową, wykorzystując surowce pochodzenia naturalnego, czyli poliol PriplastTM 1838 i diizocyjanian TolonateTM X FLO 100. Łańcuchy prepolimeru uretanowego...
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Novel, Fully Biobased Semicrystalline Polyamides
PublicationNovel, semicrystalline polyamides and co(polyamides) were synthesized from biobased sebacic acid (SA), 2,5-diamino-2,5-dideoxy-1,4;3,6-dianhydroiditol (diaminoisoidide, DAII) as well as from 1,4-diaminobutane (DAB), also known as putrescine in nature. Low molecular weight polyamides were obtained by melt polycondensation of the salts based on these monomers or by interfacial polycondensation. In order to increase their molecular...
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Biotrickling filtration of air polluted with hexane and cyclohexane: effects of trickling liquid modification with DES solutions
Open Research DataDataset presents selected parameters monitored during processes of biotrickling filtration of air polluted with hexane and cyclohexane.
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A Simple Replica Method as the Way to Obtain a Morphologically and Mechanically Bone-like Iron-Based Biodegradable Material
PublicationPorous iron-based scaffolds were prepared by the simple replica method using polyurethane foam as a template and applying the sintering process in a tube furnace. Their surface morphology was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and phase homogeneity was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Corrosion behavior was determined using immersion and potentiodynamic polarization methods in phosphate buffered saline...
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Two-step Conversion of Crude Glycerol Generated by Biodiesel Production into Biopolyols: Synthesis, Structural and Physical Chemical Characterization
PublicationIn this work biopolyols were synthesized via two-step process from crude glycerol and castor oil. For better evaluation of analyzed process, the impact of its time and temperature on the structure and properties of biopolyols was determined. Obtained results fully justified conducting of synthesis in two steps. Prepared materials were characterized by hydroxyl value and water content comparable to polyols industrially applied in...
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The effect of polyamide PA12 and polyester PBT blocks' lengths on the structure and propertries of multiblock terpoly(amide-block-ester-block-amide) (TPAEA)
PublicationThe ternary multiblock system terpoly(amide-b-ester-b-amide) (TPAEA) of the chemical structure: poly[(oligoamide-6.36)-block-(tetramethylene terephthalate)-block-laurolactam)] -(PA6.36-b-PBT-b-PA12)n- has been obtained (Table 1). In this system the third component (PBT block here), characterized with the proper molecular weight, is dissolved in hard phase of PA12 blocks and partially dissolved in soft phase of PA6.36. The effects...
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Właściwości glikolizatów oraz zsyntezowanych z nich poliuretanów
PublicationCelem pracy było otrzymanie glikolizatów, jako półproduktów do syntezy poliuretanów. Glikolizaty otrzymywano w reakcji odpadowej miękkiej pianki poliuretanowej (PU) z glikolem butylenowym (GB) przy stosunkach GB : PU wynoszących 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, 1:5, 1:8 i 1:10. W reakcji stosowano katalizatory metaloorganiczne. Otrzymane związki scharakteryzowano poprzez oznaczenie lepkości (wiskozymetrem Brookfield'a), gęstości (piknometrem)...
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Mathematical Modelling of a Seismic Isolation System to Protect Structures During Damaging Earthquakes
PublicationThe present study aims to determine the effectiveness of a nonlinear mathematical model in simulating complex mechanical behaviour of a seismic isolation system to protect structures during strong and damaging earthquakes. In order to construct the Polymeric Bearings considered in this research, a specially prepared flexible polyurethane elastomer with increased damping properties has been used. The usefulness of the proposed mathematical...
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Evaluation of Immobilization of Selected Peat-Isolated Yeast Strains of the Species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii on the Surface of Artificial Support Materials Used for Biotrickling Filtration
PublicationThe paper describes the process of n-butanol abatement by unicellular fungi, able to deplete n-butanol content in gas, by using n-butanol as source of carbon. Isolated and identified fungi species Candida albicans and Candida subhashii were subjected to a viability process via assimilation of carbon from hydrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. The isolates, which exhibited the ability to assimilate carbon, were immobilized on four...
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Influence of chemical structure on physicochemical properties and thermal decomposition of the fully bio-based poly(propylene succinate-co-butylene succinate)s
PublicationIn this work, two polyesters and four copolyesters were studied. All materials were synthesized to obtain the monomers dedicated for thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers. For this type of PUR, the monomers should characterize by appropriate selected physicochemical properties and macromolecular structure distribution, which depends on synthesis conditions. The study of chemical structure with extensive and knowledgeable analysis...
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Physico‐Mechanical Properties and Flammability of PUR/PIR Foams Containing Expandable Graphite Core‐Shell Composite Particles
PublicationIn this work, polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (PUR/PIR) foams were modified by two types of expandable graphite (EG) core-shell composite particles. The pulverized EG core-shell composite particles were prepared during emulsion polymerization using methyl methacrylate or glycidyl methacrylate for the synthesis of the polymeric shells (poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)), and then the obtained EG_PMMA...
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Systematic comparison of a biotrickling filter and a conventional filter for the removal of a mixture of hydrophobic VOCs by Candida subhashii
PublicationThis work systematically compared the potential of a conventional fungal biofilter (BF) and a fungal biotrickling filter (BTF) for the abatement of a mixture of hydrophobic volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Candida subhashii was herein used for the first time, to the best of the author's knowledge, to remove n-hexane, trichloroethylene, toluene and α-pinene under aerobic conditions. C. subhashii immobilized on polyurethane foam...
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Shape Memory Materials from Rubbers
PublicationSmart materials are much discussed in the current research scenario. The shape memory effect is one of the most fascinating occurrences in smart materials, both in terms of the phenomenon and its applications. Many metal alloys and polymers exhibit the shape memory effect (SME). Shape memory properties of elastomers, such as rubbers, polyurethanes, and other elastomers, are discussed in depth in this paper. The theory, factors...
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Poroelastic Road Surfaces - State of The Art
PublicationPoroelastic Road Surfaces (PERS) constitute a specific group of pavements containing a great amount of crumbled rubber. In most cases rubber aggregate constitutes about 20% of the mixture (by weight) and a polyurethane resin is used as a binder. As a result, PERS is characterized by a much higher elasticity than asphalt and a high porosity typical for drainage pavements. Due to this, tire/road noise is greatly reduced and on top...
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Enhancement of PUR/PIR foam thermal stability after addition of Zostera marina biomass component investigated via thermal analysis and isoconversional kinetics
PublicationIn the present work, a thorough thermogravimetric (TG) analysis of bio-based polyurethane–polyisocyanurate (PUR–PIR) foams in both nitrogen and oxygen atmosphere is performed. A sustainable element of the foam is a biopolyol obtained via acid-catalyzed liquefaction of Zostera marina and Enteromorpha Algae biomass. Based on isoconversional analysis and apparent activation energies, several conclusions are obtained. In contradiction...
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Fabrication and Characterization of Flexible Medical-Grade TPU Filament for Fused Deposition Modeling 3DP Technology
PublicationThe possibility of using additive manufacturing (AM) in the medicine area has created new opportunities in health care. This has contributed to a sharp increase in demand for 3D printers, their systems and materials that are adapted to strict medical requirements. We described herein a medical-grade thermoplastic polyurethane (S-TPU) which was developed and then formed into a filament for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printers...
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Softwood-lignin/natural rubber composites containing novel plasticizing agent: Preparation and characterization
PublicationComposite materials based on natural rubber were obtained by using glycerolysate (decomposition prod- uct of polyurethane) as a novel plasticizer. In order to determine the effect of various lignin content, four different filler amounts were used, namely, 5 phr (parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) of lignin (WLI5G), 10 phr (WLI10G), 20 phr (WLI20G), and 40 phr (WLI40G). The reference specimen without lignin (WLI0G) was also...
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Synteza i właściwości jonowoprzewodzących materiałów poliuretanowych
PublicationPrzewodzące kompozyty poliuretanowe otrzymywano w syntezie dwuetapowej. W pierwszym etapie syntetyzowano prepolimer uretanowy. W tym celu poddawano reakcji 4,4'-diizocyjanianu difenylometanu (MDI) oraz oligoeterol ( PTMG 1000, PTMG 2000 lub Rokopol D-2002). W drugim etapie jako przedłużacz łańcuchów stosowano 1,4-butanodiol (BDO). Elastomery te były domieszkowane solami LiClO4 lub LiCl oraz modyfikowane montmorylonitem. Domieszkowanie...
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The Taste of Waste: The Edge of Eggshell Over Calcium Carbonate in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber
PublicationRubber technology experiences a new age by the use of biowaste or natural fillers. In this regard, taking properties of reinforcing agents from biowaste fillers remains as the challenging matter. Chicken eggshell (ES) biowaste has recently been introduced to substitute calcium carbonate (CaCO3) duo to its superior properties and low price. In this work, composites based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) reinforced with ES...
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Shaking table experimental study on the effectiveness of polymer bearings for seismic isolation of structures
PublicationSeismic isolation has been recognised to be a very effective way of protecting structures from damage during earthquakes. It allows us to extend the natural period of the structure and therefore avoid resonance with the ground motion. Moreover, by increasing damping in the isolation devices, more energy can be dissipated and thus the structural response can be further reduced. The aim of this paper is to show the results of the...
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Removal of cyclohexane and ethanol from air in biotrickling filters inoculated with Candida albicans and Candida subhashii
PublicationThis paper presents investigations on the removal of cyclohexane and ethanol from air in polyurethane- -packed biotrickling filters, inoculated with Candida albicans and Candida subhashii fungal species. Results on process performance together with flow cytometry analyses of the biofilm formed over packing elements are presented and discussed. The results indicate that the presence of ethanol enhances the removal efficiency of cyclohexane...
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Rheological properties, oxidative and thermal stability, and potential application of biopolyols prepared via two-step process from crude glycerol
PublicationIn this work, previously synthesized biopolyols were analyzed in terms of their rheological and thermal properties, very important from the technological point of view. For better evaluation of performed synthesis, the influence of its time and temperature on the properties of biopolyols was determined. In the end, obtained materials were used to prepare rigid polyurethane-polyisocyanurate (PUR-PIR) foams, to evaluate their potential...
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Increasing the Seismic Resistance of Wood-frame Buildings by Applying PU Foam as Thermal Insulation
PublicationWood-frame buildings are very common in regions that are exposed to earthquakes. Most of residential buildings are constructed using this technology; therefore, the seismic resistance of them is really essential in order to prevent human losses and structural damage. The aim of the present article is to show the results of the detailed numerical FEM analysis focused on the seismic behaviour of the wood-frame house with different...
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Analysis of Validation and Simplification of Timber-Frame Structure Design Stage with PU-Foam Insulation
PublicationThe transition from experimental studies to the realm of numerical simulations is often necessary for further studies, but very difficult at the same time. This is especially the case for extended seismic analysis and earthquake-resistant design. This paper describes an approach to moving from the experimental testing of an elementary part of a wood-frame building structure to a numerical model, with the use of a commercial engineering...
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DETERMINATION OF THE HYDROXYL NUMBER OF GROUND TIRE RUBBER PARTICLES VIA MODIFIED TEST METHOD FOR ISOCYANATE GROUPS
PublicationNowadays, considering the environmental trends and law regulations associated with the circular economy, it is very important to seek for the methods of by-products and waste utilization. The example of such material, which requires the attention and recycling method is ground tire rubber generated during recycling of post-consumer car tires. It can be introduced into various polymer matrices as a filler, but to enhance its effectivity...
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Ultra Low Noise Poroelastic Road Surfaces
PublicationNoise is one of the most important environmental problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, the noise emitted by the engines and powertrains of vehicles was greatly reduced and tires became a clearly dominant noise source. The article describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed of mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and...
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Tyre/road noise reduction of poroelastic road surface tested in a laboratory
PublicationA so-called poroelastic road surface (PERS) is being developed in Europe. This contains a large percentage of rubber particles mixed with hard aggregate (stone and sand) and bound with polyurethane. This gives high air void content (around 30 %), high elasticity and smooth texture, all of which should give low noise properties. Inthis experiment anominally 30 mm thick sample of PERS was mounted on a steel drum. Various car tyres...
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Poroelastic Low Noise Road Surfaces
PublicationNoise is one of the most important problems related to road traffic. During the last decades, noise emitted by engine and powertrain of vehicles was greatly reduced and tyres became a clearly dominant noise source. The paper describes the concept of low noise poroelastic road surfaces that are composed with mineral and rubber aggregate bound by polyurethane resin. Those surfaces have a porous structure and are much more flexible...
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Experimental study on polymer mass used to repair damaged structures
PublicationA new method of repairing damaged structures by injecting the cracks with specially designed polymer mass (flexible two-component grout based on polyurethane resin) has been recently proposed. The technique is mainly dedicated to damaged masonries, especially historical structures where minimum intervention is permitted. The cracks are filled with the special injection, forming the flexible joints bonding the disrupted structural...
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Initial Field Validation of Poroelastic Pavement Made with Crumb Rubber, Mineral Aggregate and Highly Polymer-Modified Bitumen
PublicationTire/road noise in most driving conditions dominates other sources of traffic noise. One of the most efficient ways of reducing tire/road noise is to use the so-called “low noise pavement”. According to numerous studies, at present, poroelastic road pavement that is composed of rubber and mineral aggregate and polyurethane or bituminous binder gives the best noise reduction up to 12 dB. Unfortunately, there are many problems with...
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Waste tire rubber as low-cost and environmentally-friendly modifier in thermoset polymers – a review
PublicationNowadays, waste tire rubber (WTR) management is a growing and serious problem. Therefore, research works focused on the development of cost-effective and environmentally-friendly methods of WTR recycling are fully justified. Incorporation of WTR into polymer matrices and composite materials attracts much attention, because this approach allows sustainable development of industrially applicable waste tires recycling technologies....
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PERS - QUIET ROAD SURFACE FOR URBAN AREAS
PublicationTraffic noise is one of the most important environmental problems in densely populated urban areas. At low speeds the tyre/road interaction dominates all other sources. It is anticipated that when electric and hybrid vehicles gain dominance in city traffic, the importance of tyre/road noise will still increase as electric engines are much less noisy than combustion engines. On the other hand, electric and hybrid urban vehicles...
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Bitumen-Based Poroelastic Pavements: Successful Improvements and Remaining Issues
PublicationThis article presents the development process of designing and testing poroelastic pavement based on highly polymer-modified bitumen. Poroelastic wearing course was composed of mineral and rubber aggregate mixed with highly polymer-modified bitumen, in contrast to previous trials, during which polyurethane resins were mainly used as binder, which led to several serious technological problems concerning difficult production, insufficient...
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Low noise poroelastic road pavements based on modified asphalt binder
PublicationTire/road noise is one of the most important environmental problems related to road traffic. As the most effective way to fight noise is reduction of sound emission from the source, a lot of work is being done to improve tire and road surfaces construction. This paper describes the first “road” results obtained within the SEPOR project, which is focused on developing a low noise poroelastic road surface based on bituminous binder....
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Sustainable synthesis of cyclic carbonates from bio‐based polyether polyol: the structure characterization, rheological behaviour and thermal properties
PublicationThe cycloaddition of CO2 to epoxides represents a green efficient method to form bis(cyclic carbonate)s. The main purpose of the work reported in this paper was to examine the effect of the gas flow rate (20, 40, 60 and 100 mL min–1) during carbonation on the conversion yield, chemical structure, rheological behaviour and thermal properties of the prepared compounds. A series of new bis(cyclic carbonate)s was obtained from bio‐based...
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Thermal and Mechanical Behavior of Elastomers Incorporated with Thermoregulating Microcapsules
PublicationPolyurethane (PU) is one of the principal polymers in the global plastic market thanks to its versatility and continuous improvement. In this work, PU elastomeric materials having thermoregulating properties through the incorporation of microcapsules (mSD-(LDPE·EVA-RT27)) from low-density polyethylene and vinyl acetate containing paraffin®RT27 as PCM were produced. Elastomers were synthesized while varying the molar ratio [NCO]/[OH]...