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Selected studies of flow maldistribution in a minichannel plate heat exchanger
PublikacjaAnalysis of the state of-the-art in research of minichannel heat exchangers, especially on the topic of flow maldistribution in multiple channels, has been accomplished. Studies on minichannel plate heat exchanger with 51 parallel minichannels with four hydraulic diameters, i.e., 461 μm, 574 μm, 667 μm, and 750 μm have been presented. Flow at the instance of filling the microchannel with water at low flow rates has been visualized. The...
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The use of HPLC-Q-TOF-MS for comprehensive screening of drugs and psychoactive substances in hair samples and several “legal highs” products
PublikacjaNon-targeted screening of drugs present in herbal products, known as “legal high” drugs and in hair as a biological matrix commonly used in toxicological investigations was accomplished with the use of high pressure liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS). In total, 25 and 14 therapeutical drugs and psychoactive substances/metabolites were detected in investigated hair samples...
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DESIGN AND STRENGTH CALCULATIONS OF THE TRIPOD SUPPORT STRUCTURE FOR OFFSHORE POWER PLANT
PublikacjaThe support structure being the object of the analysis presented in the article is Tripod. According to the adopted assumptions, it is a foundation gravitationally set in the water region of 60 m in depth, not fixed to the seabed, which can be used for installing a 7MW wind turbine. Due to the lack of substantial information on designing and strength calculations of such types of structures in the world literature, authors have...
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Impact of an unsecured excavation on an underground pipeline
PublikacjaThe paper presents a numerical analysis of the impact of an unsecured excavation on an underground pipeline in selected soil conditions. The research was inspired by a real-life failure of a water pipeline which was caused by a nearby unsecured excavation (Sikora et al. 2015). The failure was triggered by displacement of soil mass in the vicinity of the pipeline. The study conducted in the framework of Finite Element...
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Effectiveness of a mathematical model in simulating nonlinear mechanical behaviour of a seismic isolation system made of polymeric bearings
PublikacjaThe present study was focused on determining the effectives of a nonlinear mathematical model in simulating complex mechanical behaviour of a seismic isolation system made of Polymeric Bearings. The proposed mathematical model defines the lateral force as a nonlinear function of the shear displacement and the deformation velocity. The effectiveness of the proposed mathematical model was verified by comparing the seismic response...
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The role of ergonomics in architectonic and marketing operations
PublikacjaThe 20th century, along with the development of mass culture, brought a rapid increase of marketing communications significance. At first, this branch of art had an informational function associated with advertising operations. Nowadays, an increase of marketing specialists’ interest in influencing a human being by the space they stay in may be observed. Ergonomics plays an important role in such operations. The aim of this article...
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Terbium Substituted Lanthanum Orthoniobate: Electrical and Structural Properties
PublikacjaThe results of electrical conductivity studies, structural measurements and thermogravimetric analysis of La1−xTbxNbO4+δ (x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3) are presented and discussed. The phase transition temperatures, measured by high-temperature x-ray diffraction, were 480 °C, 500 °C, and 530 °C for La0.9Tb0.1NbO4+δ, La0.8Tb0.2NbO4+δ, and La0.7Tb0.3NbO4+δ, respectively. The impedance spectroscopy results suggest mixed conductivity...
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Accelerator of the entrepreneurship: suburbs in the coastal metropolis of GOM
PublikacjaPolish model of suburban structure is made of variety types of enterprises in different scales, and a range of housing. However this mass of unordered structure with its urban development problems, often leads to the establishment of business and also the development of local entrepreneurship. This article investigates SME sector located in the suburban area of costal metropolis GOM to prove the thesis that the positive effect...
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Calculation method for flow boiling and flow condensation of R134a and R1234yf in conventional and small diameter channels
PublikacjaThe paper presents the results of calculations performed using the authors’ model to predict the heat transfer coefficient during flow boiling for two refrigerants R134a and R1234yf. The experimental data from various past studies have been collected and the calculations have been conducted for the full range of quality variation and a wide range of mass velocity. The aim of the study was to test the sensitivity of the in-house...
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EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION OF THE METHOD OF FLOW BOILING AND FLOW CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER PREDICTION FOR SELECTED FLUIDS
PublikacjaIn the paper presented are the results of calculations using authors own model to predict heat transfer coefficient during flow boiling of different refrigerants. The experimental data from various research studies from literature were collected. Calculations were conducted for a full range of quality variation and a wide range of mass velocity. The aim of the study was to test the sensitivity of the in- house developed model....
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Validated GC–MS method for determination of bisphenol a and its five analogues in dietary and nutritional supplements
PublikacjaBisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues showing structural and functional similarity to BPA are commonly applied in various industrial applications and thus are becoming ubiquitous in the environment. At the same time there is increasing scientific evidence that exposure to these chemicals may lead to adverse health effects in human and wildlife. In recent years dietary and nutritional supplements dedicated for athletes have become...
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In Vitro Dissolution of Na-Ca-P-Oxynitrides
Publikacja: Sodium-calcium-phosphate based oxynitride glasses and glass-ceramics doped with Mg, Si, and Nb were studied in vitro in simulated body fluid (SBF) under static conditions. The release of ions and pH changes up to 7 days of immersion were investigated. The nitrogen incorporation into phosphate glass matrix was found to notably influence in vitro dissolution only of homogenous glasses. Increasing the nitrogen content in the samples...
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The Impact Of The Selected Parameters Of Fdm Manufacturing Technology On Tribological Performance Of Abs–Steel Pair Under Dry Friction
PublikacjaThe paper presents the result of tribological test of ABS and steel samples sliding under dry friction. Polymeric samples were manufactured of ABS material using FDM technology. Testing was carried out in unidirectional sliding in a ring-on-flat contact in a PT-3 tribometer. The scope of tested parameters included volumetric and mass wear, the friction coefficient, and polymeric specimen temperature. Polymeric specimens used in...
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CO2 capture using steam ejector condenser under electro hydrodynamic actuator with non-condensable gas and cyclone separator: A numerical study
PublikacjaThe concept for condensation of steam and CO2 separation in a negative CO2 emission gas power plant involves the utilization of a steam ejector condenser (SEC) for direct-contact condensation of vapor with inert gas (CO2) on a spray of subcooled liquid, integrated with a separator to produce pure CO2. Due to the increasing diffusion resistance and reduced convective heat transfer between the steam and subcooled water phases...
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Chemical and biological characterization of Ocimum basilicum L. phenolic extract and essential oil derived through ultrasound and microwave-assisted extraction techniques
PublikacjaPlant-derived bioactive molecules are increasingly utilized in food processing as natural additives, driven by a growing interest in healthier lifestyles. This trend has spurred industries to reformulate products to meet the demands of health-conscious consumers. This study investigates the phenolic extract and essential oil of O. basilicum L. obtained via ultrasound-assisted extraction and microwave-assisted extraction, respectively. Characterization...
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Development and validation of a GC–MS/MS method for the determination of 11 amphetamines and 34 synthetic cathinones in whole blood
PublikacjaPurpose Psychoactive compounds that contain a phenylethylamine structure (such as amphetamine-type stimulants and synthetic cathinones) are one of the major classes of stimulants on the recreational drug market. Approximately 670 new psychoactive substances (NPS) are monitored only in Europe; however, new psychoactive compounds are being developed for illicit trade each year. In this context, the development of new analytical procedures...
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Polymeric metal‐containing ionic liquid sorbent coating for the determination of amines using headspace solid‐phase microextraction
PublikacjaThis study describes the design, synthesis, and application of polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings featuring nickel metal centers for the determination of volatile and semivolatile amines from water samples using headspace solidphase microextraction. The examined polymeric ionic liquid sorbent coatings were composed of two ionic liquid monomers (tetra(3-vinylimidazolium)nickel bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide [Ni2+(VIM)4]...
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On time-dependent nonlinear dynamic response of micro-elastic solids
PublikacjaA new approach to the mechanical response of micro-mechanic problems is presented using the modified couple stress theory. This model captured micro-turns due to micro-particles' rotations which could be essential for microstructural materials and/or at small scales. In a micro media based on the small rotations, sub-particles can also turn except the whole domain rotation. However, this framework is competent for a static medium....
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Volatile Compound Emissions from Stereolithography Three-Dimensional Printed Cured Resin Models for Biomedical Applications
PublikacjaStereolithography three-dimensional printing is used increasingly in biomedical applications to create components for use in healthcare and therapy. The exposure of patients to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from cured resins represents an element of concern in such applications. Here, we investigate the biocompatibility in relation to inhalation exposure of volatile emissions of three different cured commercial resins...
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Cavitation-based technologies for pretreatment and processing of food wastes: Major applications and mechanisms – A review
PublikacjaConversion of food wastes to valuable products is an important topic for sustainable development. Feedstock hydrolysis is a stage strongly affecting the anaerobic digestion process, and resistance of food waste towards hydrolysis causes a decrease in product yield. Such as biomethane, biohydrogen, biohythane, VFAs, and lactic acids. Moreover, mass transfer is a serious limitation of transesterification for the production of biodiesel....
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Fashion and Tourism: Parallel Stories of Two "Dream Marvels".
PublikacjaFashion and tourism are two social, cultural, and economic phenomena that have both numerous connections and surprising similarities. These are not new: they have been built and developed since the beginnings of tourism as a modern social phenomenon, emerged in Europe in the context of the industrial revolution. They consolidated in the first decades of the 21st century, in a context where both phenomena have completed their “mass”...
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Rigid polyurethane foams modified with ground tire rubber - mechanical, morphological and thermal studies
PublikacjaRigid polyurethane foams, prepared by a single step method, were modified with the two types of ground tire rubber particles, i.e. untreated and thermo-mechanically reclaimed by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. The foaming process as well as the structure and the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the resulting foams were investigated. The presence of ground tire rubber decreased the velocity of polymerization....
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NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF CRATER CREATING PROCESS IN DYNAMIC REPLACEMENT METHOD BY SMOOTH PARTICLE HYDRODYNAMICS
PublikacjaA theoretical base of SPH method, including the governing equations, discussion of importance of the smoothing function length, contact formulation, boundary treatment and finally utilization in hydrocode simulations are presented. An application of SPH to a real case of large penetrations (crater creating) into the soil caused by falling mass in Dynamic Replacement Method is discussed. An influence of particles spacing on method...
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Prediction of flow boiling heat transfer data for R134a, R600a and R290 in minichannels
PublikacjaIn the paper presented is the analysis of the results of calculations using a model to predict flow boiling of refrigerants such as R134a, R600a and R290. The latter two fluids were not used in development of model semiempirical correction. For that reason the model was verified with present experimental data. The experimental research was conducted for a full range of quality variation and a relatively wide range of mass velocity....
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Elderly persons professional activity - substantive issues and methodological challenges
PublikacjaPopulation ageing in Europe and mass withdrawal from professional activity leads to a number of adverse phenomena, such as increased public spending, reduced consumer demand and the growing problem of social exclusion. The study focuses on the problems of population ageing in Europe as well as on the feasible steps that may be taken with a view to professional activation of the elderly. The first part is concerned with the trends...
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Exploration of optical fibres as a carrier for new benzene and toluene matrix-free reference materials
PublikacjaTo meet high expectations concerning precision and accuracy of reference materials, preparation of matrixfree reference materials using thermal decomposition-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (TD-GC-MS) was proposed in this study. In the paper, the results obtained in preparation of the new reference materials for benzene and toluene are presented, based on the thermal decomposition technique of compounds chemically bound to...
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The differential impact of a density of Polish pine wood on cutting forces with its origin region taken into consideration
PublikacjaIn the article the dependence of cutting forces in a function the density of wood with regard to the wood origin are presented. Samples used in experiment were with Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) originating from four provenances in Poland (Figure 1). Wood density was measured by two methods: stereometric method (global density) and radiometric method (local density). Stereometric method consists in measurements the volume...
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Anti-plane surface waves in media with surface structure: Discrete vs. continuum model
PublikacjaWe present a comparison of the dispersion relations derived for anti-plane surface waves using the two distinct approaches of the surface elasticity vis-a-vis the lattice dynamics. We consider an elastic half-space with surface stresses described within the Gurtin–Murdoch model, and present a formulation of its discrete counterpart that is a square lattice half-plane with surface row of particles having mass and elastic bonds different...
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Dissociative electron attachment to benzoic acid (C7H6O2)
PublikacjaThe dissociative electron attachment (DEA) to benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) has been studied using an experimental crossed beam setup of a quadrupole mass spectrometer and a trochoidal electron monochromator. Relative partial cross sections for the DEA to produce negative ion fragments show the main channels for dissociation. The comparison of the present results with the ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of benzoic acid [J. Meeks,...
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Performance of the flat plate solar collector operated with water-Al2O3 nanofluid
PublikacjaThe paper discusses the effect of application of water-Al2O3 nanofluid, as a working fluid, on the efficiency of a flat plate solar collector. The mass concentration of nanoparticles was 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.4%. The tests were conducted for two values of radiation of about 1050 W/m2 and 400 W/m2, and volume flow rates of 60 l/h, 120 l/h and 170 l/h. The efficiency was calculated according to recommendations of the Polish Standard....
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Synergistic Effects of Bitumen Plasticization and Microwave Treatment on Short-Term Devulcanization of Ground Tire Rubber
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was mechano-chemically modified with road bitumen 160/220 and subsequently treated using a microwave radiation. The combined impact of bitumen 160/220 content and microwave treatment on short-term devulcanization of GTR was studied by thermal camera, wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (WD-XRF), static headspace, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS), thermogravimetric analysis...
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Ion Chromatography in Environmental Analysis of Selected Organic Acids
PublikacjaLow molecular mass carboxylic acids (LCAs) occur in many environmental compartments dueto natural processes and human activity. When volatile and nonvolatile acids are to be monitored then liquidchromatography, including ion chromatography seems a method of choice. At high pH the acids are inionized form and can be separated as carboxylats by means of anion exchange chromatography. LCAs canalso be separated at low pH by ion exclusion...
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Determination of impurities in pharmaceutical products using LC-MS
PublikacjaPharmaceutical products can be contaminated by residues of solvents, reagents (used for the synthesis) or degradation products. Impurities in drug may pose a risk to human health and life, therefore analysis and identification of impurities in pharmaceutical products is veryimportant and inevitable.High performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) is very useful technique for identification impurities in...
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The geometry of free-standing titania nanotubes as a critical factor controlling their optical and photoelectrochemical performance
PublikacjaTitanium dioxide nanotubes are regarded as one of the most important functional materials and due to their unique electronic properties, chemical stability and photocorrosion resistance, they find applications in, for example, highly efficient photocatalysis or perovskite solar cells. Nevertheless, modification of TiO2 nanotubes is required to overcome their main drawback, i.e. large energy bandgap (>3.2 eV) limiting their ability...
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Microseismic Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracturing - Data Interpretation Methodology With an Example from Pomerania
PublikacjaMicroseismic monitoring is a method for localizing fractures induced by hydraulic fracturing in search for shell gas. The data is collected from an array of geophones deployed on the surface or underground. Ground vibrations are recorded and analysed for fracture location, magnitude and breakage mechanism. For successful microseismic monitoring one need a velocity model of underlying formations. The model is further tuned with...
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Porównanie działania transformatora symetryzującego (zygzak) z aktywnym energoelektronicznym symetryzatorem prądów fazowych linii niskiego napięcia
PublikacjaNa potrzeby planowania sieci niskiego napięcia operatorzy systemów dystrybucyjnych (OSD) zakładają symetryczne warunki obciążenia linii. Z roku na rok, rośnie liczba rozproszonych systemów fotowoltaicznych (PV) zainstalowanych w sieciach niskiego napięcia, których większość to małe jednofazowe systemy dachowe. Dodatkowo, do niesymetrii obciążenia przyczyniają się instalowane masowo pompy ciepła i ładowane jednofazowo samochody...
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Analiza parametrów płukania sieci wodociągowej metodą ukierunkowanego przepływu wody
PublikacjaEksperymenty prowadzone przez wiele lat podczas płukania sieci wodociągowej metodą jednokierunkowego przepływu wody umożliwiają weryfikację interakcji między jakością wypłukiwania nagromadzonych zanieczyszczeń oraz parametrami przepływu, liczbą cykli wymiany wody, a także zasięgiem płukania. Usuwanie zanieczyszczeń na początku przebiega zgodnie z szybko rosnącą krzywą, a następnie według funkcji malejącej. Taki przebieg jest spowodowany...
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Wyznaczanie współczynnika przejmowania ciepła podczas wrzenia w przepływie dwutlenku węgla (Prediction of flow boling heat transfer coefficient for carbon dioxide in minichannels)
PublikacjaW pracy przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń uzyskane za pomocą własnego modelu półemirycznego dla wybranych danych eksperymentalnych dla wrzenia w przepływie dwutlenku węgla. Metoda obliczeniowa została zweryfikowana z danymi eksperymentalnymi Docoulombiera i innych (2011) oraz Mastrullo i innych (2009). Badania eksperymentalne dotyczą pełnego zakresu zmienności stopnia suchości oraz zakresu prędkości masowej G=200-1200 kg/m2s. rozwijany...
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Application of Extreme Doses of Aluminium for Growth Control of Filmentous Bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in an Activated Sludge System - Laboratory Investigations
PublikacjaLaboratory investigations of aluminium (PAX-16) application for control of population of filamentous bacteria Microthrix Parvicella in a three-phase bioreactor in lab-scale were performed. Dosing of small aluminium doses (approximately 0.5 mgAl/gMLSS·d) in the period preceding seasonal growth of M.Parvicella failed to prevent mass growth of this microorganism leading to activated sludge bulking phenomenon (SVI-250 ml/gMLSS)...
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Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Mutagenic Activity of a New Class of d-Xylopyranosides
PublikacjaEight N-[2-(2′,3′,4′-tri-O-acetyl-α/β-d-xylopyranosyloxy)ethyl]ammonium bromides, a new class of d-xylopyranosides containing a quaternary ammonium aglycone, were obtained. Their complete structure was confirmed using NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C, COSY and HSQC) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). An antimicrobial activity against fungi (Candida albicans, Candida glabrata) and bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia...
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Apparent Molar Volumes and Isentropic Compressibilities of Tetraalkylammonium Bromides in Aqueous Propane-1,2-diol. An Attempt to Design Hydraulic Liquids
PublikacjaApparent molar volumes and apparent molar compressibilities for tetramethylammonium, tetraethylammonium, tetrapropylammonium, and tetrabutylammonium bromides in water, propane-1,2-diol, and water−propane-1,2-diol mixtures (mass fraction: 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) have been determined from solution density measurements at T = 288.15, 293.15, 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, and 318.15 K and sound velocity measurements at T = 298.15 K...
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NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF GAP FLOW ABOVE ROTATING DISK
PublikacjaA rotating disk can be considered a basic configuration for the investigati ons of the impact of various conditions on the flow through the clearance between the s hrouded turbine blade and the casing. Numerical calculations using Fine/Turbo Numeca were conducted to examine the influence of the rotational velocity and the pressure differ ence across the disk on the flow conditions, especially the mass flow through the clearance....
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Performance of a single layer fuel cell based on a mixed proton-electron conducting composite
PublikacjaMany of the challenges in solid oxide fuel cell technology stem from chemical and mechanical incompatibilities between the anode, cathode and electrolyte materials. Numerous attempts have been made to identify compatible materials. Here, these challenges are circumvented by the introduction of a working single layer fuel cell, fabricated from a composite of proton conducting BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.2O3-δ and a mixture of semiconducting...
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Synthetic Principles Determining Local Organization of Copolyesters Prepared from Lactones and Macrolactones
PublikacjaA highly effective and facile technique for catalytic ring-opening copolymerization (cROP) of lactones viz. ε- caprolactone and ε-decalactone with ω-pentadecalactone is being described. The reactions were mediated by Zn- and Cabased tridentate Schiff base complexes and benzyl alcohol as initiator. The catalysts were successfully employed for the preparation of numerous block and random copolymers. To unravel the composition of...
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Studies of Nonlinear Sound Dynamics in Fluids Based on the Caloric Equation of State
PublikacjaThe sound speed and parameters of nonlinearity B/A, C/A in a fluid are expressed in terms of coefficients in the Taylor series expansion of an excess internal energy, in powers of excess pressure and density. That allows to conclude about features of the sound propagation in fluids, the internal energy of which is known as a function of pressure and density. The sound speed and parameters of nonlinearity in the mixture consisting...
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Preliminary Investigation on Auto-Thermal Extrusion of Ground Tire Rubber
PublikacjaGround tire rubber (GTR) was processed using an auto-thermal extrusion as a prerequisite to green reclaiming of waste rubbers. The reclaimed GTR underwent a series of tests: thermogravimetric analysis combined with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (TGA-FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) in order...
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Real-Time Volatilomics: A Novel Approach for Analyzing Biological Samples
PublikacjaThe use of the ‘omics techniques in environmental research has become common-place. The most widely implemented of these include metabolomics, proteomics, genomics, and transcriptomics. In recent years, a similar approach has also been taken with the analysis of volatiles from biological samples, giving rise to the so-called ‘volatilomics’ in plant analysis. Developments in direct infusion mass spectrometry (DI-MS) techniques have...
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Structural optimization of microjet array cooling system
PublikacjaThe single phase heat transfer from an upward facing, horizontal copper surface to arrays of impinging water jets was experimentally investigated. Experimental configuration allows for a free-surface unconfined jets flow. Square nozzles 50 × 100 μm arranged in four different geometries were used. Additionally, for the set of two jets array geometry was varied by adjusting the nozzle to nozzle distance. The area averaged heat transfer...
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Relations between magnetosonic perturbations as an indicator of a magnetosonic exciter and equilibrium parameters of a plasma
PublikacjaThe thermodynamic relations between perturbation of pressure and pertur- bation of mass density and between components of velocity which specify a magnetosonic wave are theoretically studied. A planar flow with the wave vec- tor forming a constant angle with the equilibrium magnetic field is investigated. The theory considers deviation from the adiabaticity of a flow due to some kind of heating–cooling function and thermal conduction...
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Evaluation of Decision Fusion Methods for Multimodal Biometrics in the Banking Application
PublikacjaAn evaluation of decision fusion methods based on Dempster-Shafer Theory (DST) and its modifications is presented in the article, studied over real biometric data from the engineered multimodal banking client verification system. First, the approaches for multimodal biometric data fusion for verification are explained. Then the proposed implementation of comparison scores fusion is presented, including details on the application...