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Wyniki wyszukiwania dla: pollution remobilisation
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Mathematical Modeling of the Impact Range of Sewage Discharge on the Vistula Water Quality in the Region of Włocławek
PublikacjaThe paper presents results of analysis of the industrial sewage discharge influence at km 688 + 250 of the Vistula River on water quality. During the analysis, two-dimensional models of flow, impurities and temperature transport were used. Hydrological conditions of the analyzed section of the river, characteristic flows and bathymetry of the riverbed in the first instance were defined. Calculations of velocity distribution at...
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Exploring the Institutional and Bottom-Up Actions for Urban Air Quality Improvement: Case Studies in Antwerp and Gdańsk
PublikacjaThe article presents the results of qualitative studies concerning the presence of air quality management in the process of urban planning and in the public discourse in Antwerp, Belgium, and Gdańsk, Poland. We focused on the way urban planners, environmental experts, and stakeholders perceive the problem of air pollution, especially with respect to urban development policy, and whether they consider it one of the major factors...
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New technologies using Trace Metals of Concern
PublikacjaThis chapter discusses the occurrence, material flows, technical applications of and pollution by platinum, palladium, thallium, rare earth elements, gold , silver, and antimony, all of which are essential for global economic growth. Modern technology relies on theses chemicals for the production of various industrial goods. however, their use releases pollutants into the environment, thus posing a threat to human health.
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Computational issues of solving the 1D steady gradually varied flow equation
PublikacjaIn this paper a problem of multiple solutions of steady gradually varied flow equation in the form of the ordinary differential energy equation is discussed from the viewpoint of its numerical solution. Using the Lipschitz theorem dealing with the uniqueness of solution of an initial value problem for the ordinary differential equation it was shown that the steady gradually varied flow equation can have more than one solution....
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The new concept of product. Cooling band
PublikacjaThe chapter below presents the innovative solution consist in applying the cooling band to help holding the hot object. The solution was found through substitute inputs analysis and brain storm method. The new product was submitted in Polish Patent Office under the No. W.120905.
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Analytical Techniques Used in Monitoring of Atmospheric Air Pollutants
PublikacjaThe air pollution monitoring is one of the most pressing environmental problems today. The paper describes common air pollutants, their interaction and impact on the environment, and classifies the techniques and methods applied in air studies. Furthermore, the review characterizes the selected collection and sampling techniques used for gas sample analysis. Finally, the schematic diagrams of typical designs of systems applied...
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Organic Compounds: Halogenated
PublikacjaThe entry focuses on halogenated organic compounds, mainly short-chain chlorinated aliphatic organic compounds. It describes their occurrence in the different compartments of the environment and their environmental fate, presents the basic toxicological mechanisms, and discusses the different approaches to remediation processes as applied to soil and water pollution. Finally, basic analytical solutions for the determination of...
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Minimum drag shape bodies moving in inviscid fluid - revisited
PublikacjaThis paper presents the classic approach to minimum drag shape body problem, moving at hypersonic speeds, leading to famous power law shapes with value of the exponent of 3/4. Two- and three-dimensional cases are considered. Furthermore, an exact pseudo solution is given and its uselessness is discussed. Two new solutions are introduced, namely an approximate solution due to form of the functional and solution by means of optimisation...
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Onboard Energy Storage and Power Management Systems forAll-Electric Cargo Vessel Concept
PublikacjaThis paper presents an innovative approach to the design of a forthcoming, fully electric-powered cargo vessel. This work begins by defining problems that need to be solved when designingvessels of this kind. Using available literature and market research, a solution for the design of apower management system and a battery management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEUcapacity was developed. The proposed solution contains...
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Analytical Steady-State Model of the Pipeline Flow Process
PublikacjaThe paper addresses the issue of modeling the flow process in transmission pipelines. A base model used for numerical simulation is introduced. Under certain assumptions concerning steady state analysis, the differential equations describing the process are solved analytically for two cases: zero and nonzero inclination angle α. These equations describe a constant flow rate and a corresponding distribution of the pressure along...
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Urban Vegetation in Air Quality Management: A Review and Policy Framework
PublikacjaRecent episodes of high air pollution concentration levels in many Polish cities indicate the urgent need for policy change and for the integration of various aspects of urban development into a common platform for local air quality management. In this article, the focus was placed on the prospects of improving urban air quality through proper design and protection of vegetation systems within local spatial planning strategies....
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Long-term comparative evaluation of an acoustic climate in selected schools before and after the acoustic treatment
PublikacjaThe results of long-term continuous noise measurements in two selected schools are presented in the paper. Noise characteristics were measured continuously there for approximately 16 months. Measurements started eight months prior to the acoustic treatment of the school corridors of both schools. An evaluation of the acoustic climates in both schools, before and after the acoustic treatment, was performed based on comparison of...
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The Potential of Improving Air Quality by Urban Mobility Management: Policy Guidelines and a Case Study
PublikacjaThere is a growing recognition among planners and policy makers that proper transformation of urban mobility systems is crucial to the reduction of air pollution emission. The main objective of the work was to review the current urban mobility strategies in the city of Gdańsk, Poland in terms of their potential for the improvement of urban air quality. Firstly, general policy guidelines for mobility systems were formulated based...
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Balance errors in numerical solutions of shallow water equations
PublikacjaThe analysis of the conservative properties of the shallow water equations is presented in the paper. The work focuses on the consistency of numerical solution of these equations with the conservation laws of mass and momentum. The investigations involve two different conservative forms which are solved by an implicit box scheme. The theoretical analysis supported by numerical experiments is carried out for rectangular channel...
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Trace Metal Contamination of Bottom Sediments: A Review of Assessment Measures and Geochemical Background Determination Methods
PublikacjaThis paper provides an overview of different methods of assessing the trace metal (TM) contamination status of sediments affected by anthropogenic interference. The geochemical background determination methods are also described. A total of 25 papers covering rivers, lakes, and retention tanks sediments in areas subjected to anthropogenic pressure from the last three years (2019, 2020, and 2021) were analysed to support our examination...
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Local variance factors in deformation analysis of non-homogenous monitoring networks
PublikacjaThis paper proposes a modification of the classical deformation analysis algorithm for non-homogeneous (e.g. linear-angular) monitoring networks. The basis for the proposed solution is the idea of local variance factors. The theoretical discussion was complemented with an example of its application on a simulated horizontal monitoring network. The obtained results confirm the usefulness of the proposed solution.
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Ochrona powietrza - europejskie standardy
PublikacjaCurrent regulations in EU oblige every member country to cover the protection of the air as well as determine, in a bright and clear way, the responsibilities of the governments to monitor the condition and introduce ways of protection of the air from pollution. If the responsibilities imposed by the directive on evaluation and management of the air quality are obeyed by the respective organs of member countries of EU, then the...
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Discussion of “Development of an Accurate Time integration Technique for the Assessment of Q-Based versus h-Based Formulations of the Diffusion Wave Equation for Flow Routing” by K. Hasanvand, M.R. Hashemi and M.J. Abedini
PublikacjaThe discusser read the original with great interest. It seems, however, that some aspects of the original paper need additional comments. The authors of the original paper discuss the accuracy of a numerical solution of the diffusion wave equation formulated with respect to different state variables. The analysis focuses on nonlinear equations in the form of a single transport equation with the discharge Q (volumetric flow rate)...
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Hierarchical 2-step neural-based LEGO bricks detection and labeling
PublikacjaLEGO bricks are extremely popular and allow the creation of almost any type of construction due to multiple shapes available. LEGO building requires however proper brick arrangement, usually done by shape. With over 3700 different LEGO parts this can be troublesome. In this paper, we propose a solution for object detection and annotation on images. The solution is designed as a part of an automated LEGO bricks arrangement. The...
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Application of non-classical operational calculus to indicate hazards in numerical solutions of engineering problems
PublikacjaThe article addresses the application of non- classical operational calculus to approximative solutions of engineering problems. The engineering-sound examples show that a continuous–discrete problem transformation from differential unequivocal problem to a differential wildcard problem, triggering a change in solution quality. A number of approximative methods are capable to alter both quantitative and qualitative...
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Speciation of heavy metals in bottom sediments of drinking water reservoir for Gdansk, Poland – changes over the 14 years
PublikacjaThere was conducted a comparative study of the concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd) in the surface layer of sediments collected in two investigation periods: 1999–2000 and 2013. Theresults demonstrated that the degree of metals pollution decreased over time. The contamina-tion factors (Cf) calculated for Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd were respectively 3.63, 3.86, 3.23, and 3.25 in the first period of research and 1.35, 3.42,...
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THE COMPOSITION MODULATION EFFECT IN GaInPAs SOLID SOLUTIONS AS A MANIFESTATION OF ENERGY RESONANCE AFTER MATERIAL'S SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION
PublikacjaThe Cahn-Hilliard model concepts are extended to describe the spinodal decomposition of Ga$_x$In$_{1-x}$P$_y$As$_{1-y}$ solid solutions grown on the InP substrate. The energy of elastic deformation of the thin layer of a solid solution was calculated on the assumption of its coherent conjugation with the massive InP substrate. The excess energy of component mixing in the solid phase was modeled in accordance with the simple solution...
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MULTIEQUATION MODELS AS DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS FOR MEASURING THE OPERATIONAL FLUIDITY OF THE CONTAINER HANDLING TERMINAL
PublikacjaThe article presents the continuation of the authors’ research on the problem of the operational fluidity of cargo handling sea terminals, based on the example of the DCT. The article presents a solution based on the multiequation models and applied to analyze the operational fluidity of terminals in the transshipment and feeder relation. To provide a solution to the problem of the functioning of sea-land supply chains at the terminal,...
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Wireless Systems of Threats Monitoring
PublikacjaThe concept of wireless system of threats monitoring with self-organizing network of multipurpose data transfer nodes are presented. Two practical applications of this system are also presented. The first of these is the Global Wireless Monitoring System for Containers, and the second is the Mobile Monitoring System for Gas Air Pollution Measurements. Presented practical applications of the wireless threats monitoring system is...
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Quantum dots in gas sensing a review
PublikacjaAir pollution becomes an increasing problem in the recent years. There is a need to develop more sensitive gas sensors. Much effort has been performed to develop different types of gas sensors, such as electrochemical sensors or polymer sensors. One of the most promising approaches to improve sensors performance is the application of the nanostructures as sensing materials. State of the art of quantum...
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The use of various species of fungi in biofiltration of air contaminated with odorous volatile organic compounds
PublikacjaAir pollution with odorous compounds is a significant social and environmental problem. This paper presents biological deodorization methods. The attention is focused on the application of biotrickling filters for air deodorization. Principles of their operation are discussed, indicating the key role of the selection of microorganisms responsible for the degradation of odorous compounds. A literature overview of the used fungal...
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Surface water quality assessment by the use of combination of multivariate statistical classification and expert information
PublikacjaThe present study deals with the assessment of surface water quality from an industrial-urban region located in northern Poland near to the city of Gdansk. Concentrations of thirteen chemicals includingtotal polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), halogenated volatile organic compounds (HVOCs) and major ions in the samples collected at five sampling points during six campaigns were used as variablesthroughout the study. The originality...
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Dynamic Compatibility Matching of Services for Distributed Workflow Execution
PublikacjaThe paper presents a concept and an implementation of dynamic learn-ing of compatibilities of services used in a workflow application. While services may have the same functionality, they may accept input and produce output in different formats. The proposed solution learns matching of outputs and inputs at runtime and uses this knowledge in subsequent runs of workflow applications. The presented solution was implemented in an...
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Novel proposal for V2X systems and WBAN cooperation to improve road safety
PublikacjaIn this paper, a novel proposal of the automotive Vehicle-to-Everything system solution is presented. In this proposal, there are included the Machine to Machine type communication system and the sensor system based on a short-range the Wireless Body Area Network communication. The aim of this paper is the analysis of the model for communication, especially its architecture and signals structure for the proposed solution. The use...
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Speciation of heavy metals in bottom sediments of a drinking water reservoir for Gdańsk, Poland – changes over the 14 years
PublikacjaThere was conducted a comparative study of the concentrations of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Pb, andCd) in the surface layer of sediments collected in two investigation periods: 1999–2000 and 2013.The results demonstrated that the degree of metals pollution decreased over time. The contaminationfactors (Cf) calculated for Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd were respectively 3.63, 3.86, 3.23, and 3.25 in thefirst period of...
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A Surrogate-Assisted Measurement Correction Method for Accurate and Low-Cost Monitoring of Particulate Matter Pollutants
PublikacjaAir pollution involves multiple health and economic challenges. Its accurate and low-cost monitoring is important for developing services dedicated to reduce the exposure of living beings to the pollution. Particulate matter (PM) measurement sensors belong to the key components that support operation of these systems. In this work, a modular, mobile Internet of Things sensor for PM measurements has been proposed. Due to a limited...
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Recent Advancements in Cyclodextrin-Based Adsorbents for the Removal of Hazardous Pollutants from Waters
PublikacjaWater is an essential substance for the survival on Earth of all living organisms. However, population growth has disturbed the natural phenomenon of living, due to industrial growth to meet ever expanding demands, and, hence, an exponential increase in environmental pollution has been reported in the last few decades. Moreover, water pollution has drawn major attention for its adverse effects on human health and the ecosystem....
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Experimental research on evolutionary path planning algorithm with fitness function scaling for collision scenarios
PublikacjaThis article presents typical ship collision scenarios, simulated using the evolutionary path planning system and analyses the impact of the fitness function scaling on the quality of the solution. The function scaling decreases the selective pressure, which facilitates leaving the local optimum in the calculation process and further exploration of the solution space. The performed investigations have proved that the use of scaling...
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Corrosion degradation monitoring of ship stiffened plates using guided wave phase velocity and constrained convex optimization method
PublikacjaThe study presents an experimental investigation on the corrosion degradation level assessment using nondestructive wave-based methods. The degradation level of ship structural elements has been assessed in two different ways. The first one is based on the spectral decomposition and zero-crossing incorporated reconstruction of the dispersion curve approach of the antisymmetric Lamb wave mode and the best matching of the theoretical...
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Analytics of airport runoff water samples
PublikacjaThe everyday activities at airports, such as aircraft and ground vehicle washing, cleaning, de/anti-icing operations, fuelling, and fuel combustion, removing weeds are the main sources of airport industrial wastes. Runoff waters from airport areas constitute a serious environmental problem as they contribute to air, water, and soil pollution. The paper supplies general information on the technologies for treating airport runoff...
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LEGAL ASPECTS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION IN A FLOATING POWER PLANT
PublikacjaThis paper discusses the characteristics of pollution and legal regulations governing investment projects affecting the environment. It describes a combined system of a compression ignition engine and a steam turbine, whose aim, when placed on a floating platform, is to produce electric energy in a so-called distributed generation system. Such a system involves a reciprocating internal combustion engine and a connected steam turbine...
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Research on the phenomena of warming up and free cooling down the car engine
PublikacjaThe average cold start temperature in Europe is 9 degrees C. However, not the average is the most important for the composition of exhaust gases and associated air pollution. The most onerous for the environment are the winter starts when automotive emissions of harmful gases add up in cities with those of home heating systems. The paper presents preliminary studies of warming up and cooling down processes in various environmental conditions....
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Development of a vortex-assisted switchable-hydrophilicity solvent-based liquid phase microextraction for fast and reliable extraction of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) from various baby food products
PublikacjaThis manuscript describes the development of a novel liquid phase microextraction (LPME) method for the extraction and determination of Zn (II), Fe (II), Pb (II), and Cd (II) in various infant/baby food and supplements products. The method is based on vortex-assisted extraction combined with a switchable-hydrophilicity solvent (SHS) sample preparation. The SHS, which undergoes reversible phase changes triggered by pH change, enables...
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Cheap Cancellation of Strong Echoes for Digital Passive and Noise Radars
PublikacjaThe problem of cancellation of strong, potentially nonstationary,echoes in noise radars and passive radars utilizing digitaltransmissions is considered. The proposed solution is a multi-stage procedure.Initial clutter estimates, obtained using the least mean squares(LMS) algorithm, are refined using specially designed filters, "matched"to spectral densities of targets and clutter. When the postprocessing filtersare noncausal, the...
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The influence of ammonia and selcted amines on the characteristics of calcium carbonate precipitated from calcium chloride solutions via carbonation
PublikacjaThe precipitation of calcium carbonate was carried out by passing a gasous mixture of carbon dioxide and air into a calcium chloride solution. The selected compounds enhancing carbon dioxide absorption were used as additives which promote the formation of carbonate ions in the solution. The additives were ammonia, monoethanolamine, triethylamine and triethanolamine. The resulting calcium carbonate particles varied in polymorphic...
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How to apply the probabilistic model of measurement processes successfully
PublikacjaApplicational aspects of probabilistic model of measurement processes, proposed by G.B. Rossi, are considered. The main idea of the model - using of Bayes-Laplace postulate for solution of inverse probability problem, is substituted by Fisher's concept of the likelihood function, expressed in the data translated format. This approach gives a clear-sighted solution of inverse probability. Some recommendations for application of...
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A new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming with rhamnolipid solutions
PublikacjaA new technology of crude vegetable oil degumming is described. It is based on rhamnolipid biocomplex solution application for phosphatides removal. The rhamnolipid biocomplex produced by Pseudomonas sp. PS-17 was used as biosurfactant. Rapeseed oil was used in all experiments. First, it was degummed with H2SO4 in order to remove all phosphatides and then 1% (w/w) of granular soybean lecithin was added. Model oil was treated with...
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System architecture of an INSPIRE-compliant green cadastre system for the EU Member State of Poland
PublikacjaIn response to the need for a sustainable agricultural policy, which would support activities such as decision making in precise agriculture and mitigation of crop threats, a concept agricultural information system was developed for the area of Poland. This innovative concept, called Green Cadastre (GC), proposes to create a uniform system designed for use on a national scale by both state administration as well as local farmers....
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Modelling of FloodWave Propagation with Wet-dry Front by One-dimensional Diffusive Wave Equation
PublikacjaA full dynamic model in the form of the shallow water equations (SWE) is often useful for reproducing the unsteady flow in open channels, as well as over a floodplain. However, most of the numerical algorithms applied to the solution of the SWE fail when flood wave propagation over an initially dry area is simulated. The main problems are related to the very small or negative values of water depths occurring in the vicinity of...
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Inverse Flood Routing Using Simplified Flow Equations
PublikacjaThe paper considers the problem of inverse flood routing in reservoir operation strategy. The aim of the work is to investigate the possibility of determining the hydrograph at the upstream end based on the hydrograph required at the downstream end using simplified open channel flow models. To accomplish this, the linear kinematic wave equation, the diffusive wave equation and the linear Muskingum equation are considered. To achieve...
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Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds in Indoor Air in the Gdansk Area Using Permeation Passive Samplers
PublikacjaPassive dosimetry — known for over a hundred years — is still a useful tool in monitoring air pollutants. In this work, permeation passive samplers were used to determine indoor air quality in 22 apartments located in the Gdansk area in the northern part of Poland. The results obtained by the passive sampling technique were compared to those obtained by dynamic sampling. Attempts were also made to identify indoor sources of...
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Wybrane problemy geotechniczne na terenach zurbanizowanych na przykładzie Trójmiasta
PublikacjaWybrane, współczesne problemy geotechniczne na terenach zurbanizowanych, miejskich i poprzemysłowych na przykładzie Trójmiasta. Dwie grupy problemów związane z podłożem oraz z otoczeniem inwestycji. Problemy związane z wodą gruntową i jej przepływem, z zanieczyszczeniami oraz pozostałościami budowlanymi z przeszłości. Sąsiedztwo zabudowy i brak miejsca. Przykłady z zrealizowanych obiektów budowlanych. Europejskie Centrum Solidarności,...
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Distorsional analysis of I-section beam
PublikacjaAn elastic stiffness matrix was derived in the case of distortion of a restrained thin-walled I-section beam using the minimum total stationary elastic energy condition. The function describing the angle of distortion was adopted form the solution of differential equation in the case of restrained distortion. The example presented in the paper helps to assess the correctness of the proposed solution. The proposed elastic stiffness...
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A video monitoring system using ontology-driven identification of threats
PublikacjaIn this paper, we present a video monitoring systemthat leverages image recognition and ontological reasoningabout threats. In the solution, an image processing subsystemuses video recording of a monitored area and recognizesknown concepts in scenes. Then, a reasoning subsystem uses anontological description of security conditions and informationfrom image recognition to check if a violation of a conditionhas occurred. If a threat...
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A New Approach for Investigating the Impact of Pesticides and Nutrient Flux from Agricultural Holdings and Land-Use Structures on Baltic Sea Coastal Waters
PublikacjaKnowledge related to land-use management impacts on the Baltic Sea ecosystem is limited. The constant release of pollutants into water bodies has resulted in water quality degradation. Therefore, only the innovative approaches integrated with research will provide accurate solutions and methods for proper environment management and will enable understanding and prediction of the impacts of land-use in the Baltic Sea region. Modelling...