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Search results for: DESIGN CONDITIONS
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Analysis of Validation and Simplification of Timber-Frame Structure Design Stage with PU-Foam Insulation
PublicationThe transition from experimental studies to the realm of numerical simulations is often necessary for further studies, but very difficult at the same time. This is especially the case for extended seismic analysis and earthquake-resistant design. This paper describes an approach to moving from the experimental testing of an elementary part of a wood-frame building structure to a numerical model, with the use of a commercial engineering...
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An Analysis of the Relationship between the Architecture and the Structure of a Vessel on the Example of the Reconstruction Design Process of the Historical Sailing Yacht "General Zaruski" Carried Out between 2009 and 2012
PublicationThe article analyzes the relation between architecture and structure of a vessel on the example of the reconstruction design of a wooden sailing yacht "General Zaruski" built in Ekanӓs, Sweden in 1939. Based on the documentation of "Kaparen" (sister yacht), "Mloda Gwardia" (ex "General Zaruski") and the reconstruction classification project made by the authors, the impact of functional, spatial and aesthetic design objectives (e.g....
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Preliminary design of the last stage of supercritical steam turbine and proposition of anti-erosion coating for blades surface
PublicationIn this article a preliminary design of the last stage of supercritical steam turbine has been presented. A computational model of supercritical thermal cycle has been created in order to determine steam parameters at the stage inlet and outlet. The model was based on the structure of German coal-fired power plant Datteln 4. Further steam-flow parame-ters and dimensions of stator and rotor blades have been calculated analytically....
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Design of Jack-up Platform for 6 MW Wind Turbine: Parametric Analysis Based Dimensioning of Platform Legs
PublicationThe article presents the results of the research conducted within the framework of the project entitled WIND-TU-PLA (ERA-NET, MARTEC II), the general aim of which was to design and analyse supporting structures for wind turbines intended for operation on the South Baltic area. The research part described in the article aimed at developing a preliminary design for a jack-up platform which can operate on water areas with depth of...
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Design centering of compact microwave components using response features and trust regions
PublicationFabrication tolerances, as well as uncertainties of other kinds, e.g., concerning material parameters or operating conditions, are detrimental to the performance of microwave circuits. Mitigating their impact requires accounting for possible parameter deviations already at the design stage. This involves optimization of appropriately defined statistical figures of merit such as yield. Alt-hough important, robust (or tolerance-aware)...
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A novel degree-hour method for rational design loading
PublicationCooling degree-hours (CDH) received the broadest application in evaluation of the ambient air cooling efficiency in power engineering (engine intake air cooling systems) and air conditioning. The current CDH numbers are defined as a drop in air temperature multiplied by associated time duration of performance and their summarized annual number is used to estimate the annual effect achieved due to sucked air cooling in power plants...
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COMBINING FUNCTIONAL AND AESTHETIC ASPECTS OF DAYLIGHTING IN SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE WITH THE USE OF DIGITAL DESIGN METHODS
PublicationThe aesthetics of modern architecture should relate to its origins and goals - the environment, function, sustainability and its users. One of the conditions that meet the criteria is the presence of daylight and the use of its potential. The contemporary digital tools that support the design process allow to controlling the use of difficult and capricious materials, such as daylight. They also combine daylighting aspects with...
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Design of Intelligent Low-Voltage Load Switch for Remote Control System in Smart Grid
PublicationCurrent low-voltage load switches do not support remote disconnect/connect and real-time monitoring of a disconnect/connect state. Addressing to these issues, this paper presents a low-voltage load switch for a smart remote control system, which uses a one-chip microcontroller board and a DC step motor drive mechanism and provides the feedback on the switch status also. Arrears disconnect and full-pay connect control is implemented...
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Nested Kriging with Variable Domain Thickness for Rapid Surrogate Modeling and Design Optimization of Antennas
PublicationDesign of modern antennas faces numerous difficulties, partially rooted in stringent specifications imposed on both electrical and field characteristics, demands concerning various functionalities (circular polarization, pattern diversity, band-notch operation), but also constraints imposed upon the physical size of the radiators. Conducting the design process at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations, otherwise...
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Adaptabilność obiektów architektonicznych we współczesnym projektowaniu / The adaptability of architectural objects in contemporary design
PublicationThe article discusses the issue of adaptability - the ability to modify modern architectural objects to a changing context - as an important element of contemporary design. Adaptability can take on different forms. It is most commonly understood as a change in the architectural form in reaction to various stimuli from the environment through transformative structures, or as an object's ability to adapt to climatic conditions, providing...
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Characteristics of Propagation Conditions in the Container Terminal Environment
PublicationIn the paper a characteristics of propagation conditions in the container terminal environment is presented. The investigated environment is characterized on the example of Gdansk Deepwater Container Terminal in Poland. An empirical propagation model for path loss calculation in mobile radio links in a container terminal environment is presented.
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Improving the quality of speech in the conditions of noise and interference
PublicationThe aim of the work is to present a method of intelligent modification of the speech signal with speech features expressed in noise, based on the Lombard effect. The recordings utilized sets of words and sentences as well as disturbing signals, i.e., pink noise and the so-called babble speech. Noise signal, calibrated to various levels at the speaker's ears, was played over two loudspeakers located 2 m away from the speaker. In...
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Degradation of polyurethanes in Compost Under Natural Conditions
PublicationThe estimation of degradibility of different polyurethanes under natural weather depending conditions in compost pile was the subject of the studies. The incubation of polymer samples took place for a period up to 24 months. The characteristic parameters of the compost: temperature, pH, moisture content, and activity of dehydrogenasis were monitored and their influence on degradation of polyuiretahnes was discussed. The compostability...
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Conditions and capacity for implementing Poland’s vision zero
PublicationSince 1991 Poland has been systematically reducing its traffic hazard. Despite considerable progress Poland is still among the most dangerous countries in the European Union. The key types of actions that help to reduce fatalities include enhancement of pedestrian safety, reducing the number of speeding drivers and eliminating or reducing hazard on the road. The paper presents a brief diagnosis of the state of road safety in Poland...
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COMPUTER ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC CONDITIONS IN A SANITARY CHAMBER
PublicationThis paper presents analysis of hydraulic conditions of sewage flow down the slipway (ramp) in the collecting sanitary chamber connecting 3 collectors on the inlet: ⌀600, ⌀800 and ⌀1400 and one on the outlet ⌀1600 mm, with a maximum difference of elevation 5 m. The mathematical model has been made and hydraulic calculations were carried out in steady flow conditions. Then wastewater surface elevation, energy grade line elevation,...
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Assessment of Road Restraint Systems in Polish Conditions
PublicationKey to understanding the needs and tools of road infrastructure management is identifying the hazards and their sources involved in having no or faulty road restraint systems. Clarity is also needed on why the systems are wrongly designed, constructed, built and operated. To ensure that the problem is adequately understood, research and site observations were conducted and...
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NON-LINE ANALYSIS OF STIFFNESS IN COMPRESSION CONDITIONS
PublicationThe analyzes were aimed at demonstrating the influence of parameters describing the deformation of the structure on the uncertainty of critical force, and the impact of technological imperfections on stress uncertainty in compression conditions. In a linear buckling analysis, the problem is considered only for the initial, permanent state of the stiffness matrix. In the case of demonstrating the influence of initial deformations...
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Complexity of weak acceptonic conditions in tree automata
PublicationRozważano złożoność problemu pustości dla automatów na drzewach ze słabymi warunkami akceptowalności. Rozważano także translacje pomiędzy słabymi i silnymi warunkami akceptowalności.
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Existence of solutions of differential equations with boundary conditions
PublicationPraca dotyczy równań różniczkowych z liniowym warunkiem brzegowym zależnym od parametru. Podane zostały warunki dostateczne na istnienie rozwiązania powyższego zagadnienia. Przy dowodzie i konstrukcji iteracji monotonicznych zastosowano metodę górnych i dolnych rozwiązań. O prawej stronie zagadnienia zakładano jednostronny warunek Lipschitza.
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Influence of the annealing conditions on the resistivity of Nd2CuO4 singlecrystals
PublicationW pracy wyznaczono temperaturową zależność oporności w płaszczyźnie ab dla dwóch grup kryształów Nd2CuO4 w zakresie 50-300 K.
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On delay differential equations with nonlinear boundary conditions
PublicationStosując metodę iteracji monotonicznych podano warunki dostateczne na istnienie kwazirozwiązań lub ekstremalnych rozwiązań rozpatrywanego zagadnienia. Problem jednoznaczności rozwiązania był również przedmiotem badań. Zajmowano się również nierównościami różniczkowymi z opóżnionymi argumentami.
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Advanced differential equations with nonlinear boundary conditions.
PublicationBadano problemy istnienia rozwiązań dla równań różniczkowych z nielinowymi warunkami brzegowymi. Podano też warunki dostateczne na istnienie rozwiązań ekstremalnych. Przedmiotem badań były również nierówności różniczkowe z wyprzedzonym argumentem.
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Influence of traffic conditions on the operating fuel consumption
PublicationPrzedstawiona w pracy metoda umożliwia ocenę warunków eksploatacji pojazdu. Warunki te mogą wynikać zarówno z lokalnej specyfiki ruchu pojazdów jak również ze sposobu prowadzenia auta przez kierowcę. W pracy zamieszczono przykłady oceny zarejestrowanych w normalnej eksploatacji warunków ruchu pojazdu i ich wpływu na przebiegowe zużycie paliwa.
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Protochlorophyllide in model systems — An approach to in vivo conditions
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Different types of solvability conditions for differential operators
PublicationSolvability conditions for linear differential equations are usually formulated in terms of orthogonality of the right-hand side to solutions of the homogeneous adjoint equation. However, if the corresponding operator does not satisfy the Fredholm property such solvability conditions may be not applicable. For this case, we obtain another type of solvability conditions, for ordinary differential equations on the real axis, and...
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Ordinar differential equations with nonlinear boundary conditions
PublicationPraca dotyczy zwyczajnych równań różniczkowych z nieliniowymi warunkami brzegowymi. Sformułowano warunki dostateczne na istnienie rozwiązania (jedynego lub ekstremalnych) zakładając pewną regularność na prawe strony równania i warunek brzegowy. Warunki brzegowe typu okresowego lub antyokresowego są szczególnymi przypadkami ogólnego warunku dyskutowanego w tej pracy.
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Effects of stents under asymmetric inflow conditions
PublicationW publikacji rozważano komputerowe modele stentów przy niesymetrycznych warunkach napływu i ich wpływ na naprężenia styczne na ściankach. Umożliwia to znajdowanie kształtów stentów, które są mniej wrażliwe na brak symetrii napływu. Zmiany kształtów arterii można wiązać ze zmianami charakterystyki przepływów takimi jak m.in. naprężenia styczne na ściankach, które zwiększają ryzyko restenozy. Posłużono się również pojęciem dyssypacji...
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CONDITIONS OF THE GREEN TRANSFORMATION. THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
PublicationThe main purpose of the paper is to identify the factors that determine the course of green transformation and to assess the current stage and possible directions of change in subsequent years in EU countries. The literature lacks comprehensive studies that show the impact of diverse types of factors on the course of green transformation. For this purpose, two perspectives of the research – economic and environmental – are usually...
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Control conditions for geocomputing within general hypoplasticity
PublicationPrzedstawiono w artykule analizę oryginalności i stabilności problemu warunków brzegowych (BVP). Zaprezentowano niektóre warunki numeryczne, dzięki którym można uzyskać oryginalne i stabilne rozwiązania w zakresie hypoplastyczności. Przeanalizowano wiele teoretycznych aspektów, które pojawiają się wskutek zmiany typu równań różniczkowych. Wyprowadzono kryteria dla przypadku liniowego, dobrze postawionego problemu i dla stabilności...
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Exact resultant equilibrium conditions for intersecting shells
PublicationWyprowadzono ścisłe, globalne i lokalne warunki równowagi dla dwóch przecinających się powłok. Wspólna powierzchnia podstawowa powłoki składa się z czterech regularnych powierzchni materialnych, sztywno połączonych wzdłuż powierzchniowej krzywej osobliwej modelującej połączenie. Localne warunki równowagi otrzymano poprzez ścisłe całkowanie po grubości powłoki globalnych warunków równowagi mechaniki ośrodka ciągłego.
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Reception of GNSS Signals Under Jamming Conditions
PublicationThe article focuses on performance of Global Navigation Satellite System receivers in environment where intentional interference is present. First part is a general description of GNSS systems. Secondly, types of positioning service disturbances are specified. In the third part authors present a scheme of measurement stand which is used to evaluate the influence of interference on reception of navigation signals. Next, research...
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A model of risk for assessment of ships in damaged conditions
PublicationW pracy omówiono problemy związane z modelowaniem zagrożeń, konsekwencji i ryzyka, w metodzie oceny bezpieczeństwa statków w stanie uszkodzonym. W celu dokonania oceny bezpieczeństwa statku, w metodzie zastosowano podejścia oparte na ocenie zachowania się statku i ocenie ryzyka. Podejście oparte na ocenie zachowania się statku związane jest z oceną charakterystyk hydromechanicznych statku w stanie uszkodzonych w warunkach zbliżonych...
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ASSESSMENT OF WEAR OF THE BANDSAW TEETH IN INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS
PublicationA methodology for measuring bandsaw tooth wear is presented in this paper. This type of measurement is proposed as an alternative way of determining tooth wear in industrial conditions. The method is based on determining the KE value, i.e., the distance of the radius of the rounded cutting edge of the tooth and the intersection of the surface of the back and the surface of the face of the cutting wedge of the bandsaw tooth....
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INFLUENCE OF MEASURING CONDITIONS ON TYRE/ROAD NOISE
PublicationA decisive factor for the development of tyres and road surfaces is the ability to conduct representative and reproducible measurements of selected characteristics related to the interaction of tyres and road surfaces. In terms of tyre/road noise measurements in Europe two methods described in ISO/FDIS 11819-2 and ECE Regulation No.117 are used. The latter is compulsory for assigning the tyre noise labels. The methodologies differ...
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Computer-Aided Design of Railroad Horizontal Arc Areas in Adapting to Satellite Measurements
PublicationThis paper presents a method of designing railway sections located in horizontal arcs. The adopted procedure is universal, i.e., it creates the possibility of varying both the type and the length of the assumed transition curves. This means that the applied analytical formulas apply to the boundary conditions of the transition curves and all of the simplifications widely existing in common algorithms have been eliminated. The presented...
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Rapid multi-criterial design of microwave components with robustness analysis by means of knowledge-based surrogates
PublicationManufacturing tolerances and uncertainties concerning material parameters, e.g., operating conditions or substrate permittivity are detrimental to characteristics of microwave components. The knowledge of relations between acceptable parameter deviations (not leading to violation of design specifications) and the nominal performance (not considering uncertainties), and is therefore indispensable. This paper proposes a multi-objective...
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Improving the procedure of probabilistic load testing design of typical bridges based on structural response similarities
PublicationThis paper concerns load testing of typical bridge structures performed prior to operation. In-situ tests of a two-span post-tensioned bridge loaded with three vehicles of 38-ton mass each formed the input of this study. On the basis of the results of these measurements, an advanced FEM model of the structure was developed for which the sensitivity analysis was performed for chosen uncertainty sources. Three uncorrelated random...
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Smart Materials in Architecture: Useful Tools with Practical Applications or Fascinating Inventions for Experimental Design?
PublicationFor at least several decades smart or so-called intelligent materials, being the result of great advancements in material engineering, appear in architecture in different applications. Most of them are called "smart" because of their inherent properties: a real-time response to environmental stimuli. There are also those considered to be "smart" due to smart design: their original structure or the composition of their materials...
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Fast and reliable knowledge-based design closure of antennas by means of iterative prediction-correction scheme
PublicationA novel framework for expedited antenna optimization with an iterative prediction-correction scheme is proposed. The methodology is comprehensively validated using three real-world antenna structures: narrow-band, dual-band and wideband, optimized under various design scenarios. The keystone of the proposed approach is to reuse designs pre-optimized for various sets of performance specifications and to encode them into metamodels...
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Rapid Design Centering of Multi-Band Antennas Using Knowledge-Based Inverse Models and Response Features
PublicationAccounting for manufacturing tolerances as well as uncertainties concerning operating conditions and material parameters is one of the important yet often neglected aspects of antenna development. Appropriate quantification of uncertainties allows for estimating the fabrication yield but also to carry out robust design (e.g., yield maximization). For reliability reasons, statistical analysis should be executed at the accuracy level...
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Interference between Land and Sea Logistics Systems. Multifunctional Building System Design Towards Autonomous Integrated Transport Infrastructure
PublicationThe research is focused on developing design theory towards efficient multifunctional facilities for logistics supply chains in the contemporary urban city structures. The development of modern systems based on autonomous transport creates new conditions for their management and generates an emerging need to define dedicated functional service structures. An important element of consideration also taken into account is the scenario...
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Preparation of DNA films for studies under vacuum conditions
PublicationExperiments were carried out to determine the optimum conditions required for the preparation of uniform films of supercoiled plasmid DNA to be used in irradiation experiments under high vacuum conditions. Investigations reveal that significant damage to the DNA molecules occurs due to the evacuation process when films were formed from DNA samples in ultra high purity water only. A variety of bases were tested for their possible...
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A PROPOSAL OF A DESCRIPTION OF THE OPERATING CONDITIONS OF DIESEL-ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVES
PublicationThe paper presents a proposal of a description of the operating conditions of diesel-electric locomotives. The proposal is a result of the operational experience and the analysis of the locomotive operation. It constitutes a significant simplification in relation to the descriptions currently used by domestic carriers. The paper also presents examples of analyses of the operating conditions of locomotives using the proposed method.
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Wind Conditions in Urban Layout – Numerical and Experimental Research
PublicationThis paper presents research which compares the numerical and the experimental results for different cases of airflow around a few urban layouts. The study is concerned mostly with the analysis of parameters, such as pressure and velocity fields, which are essential in the building industry. Numerical simulations have been performed by the commercial software Fluent, with the use of a few different turbulence models, including...
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Low-energy interactions related to atmospheric and extreme conditions
PublicationThis Topical Issue, entitled “Low-Energy Interactions Related to Atmospheric and Extreme Conditions”, showcases a collection of eighteen articles that reported recent theoretical and experimental findings pertaining to the following topics: – low-energy interactions of charged particles (electrons [1–7], protons [8], positrons [9]), and photons [10] with atoms and molecules of biological [1–4,7,8], astrochemical [10], industrial,...
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Searching for Critical Conditions During Lifeboat Launching – Simulations
PublicationThe article describes numerical simulations of the process of lifeboat launching at the ship’s side. The research is aimed at finding the values of ship motion parameters which appear to be most dangerous for people in the lowered lifeboat due to the generated accelerations. The simplified model of ship hull motion adopted at this research stage bases on a superposition of harmonic motions with given amplitudes and periods in six...
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The influence of historical conditions on time and cost of construction project
PublicationConducting construction works in a building or in an area entered in the historic register is associated with the contracting authority's risk of incurring higher than planned costs of works, as well as delays in their implementation. In many cases, these deviations are completely independent of contracting authority and contractor. The aim of this article is to indicate the reasons for cost and time changes in the construction...
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Voltage Conditions in Low Voltage Grid with Connected Mictogeneration
PublicationThe introduction of distributed generation into a low voltage grid may cause voltage problems in it. The paper discusses the effect of microgeneration on voltage levels in a low voltage grid. A real low voltage grid of considerable length was selected for the analysis. The grid primarily supplies residential buildings in a rural area. Results of tests that consider potential measures which could be applied in this grid to improve...
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Analysis of the regenerative braking process for the urban traffic conditions
PublicationIn a regular drive system, with an internal combustion engine, vehicle braking is connected with the unproductive dissipation of kinetic and potential energy accumulated in the mass of the vehicle into the environment. This energy can constitute up to 70% of the energy used to drive a vehicle under urban conditions. Its recovery and reuse is one of the basic advantages of hybrid and electric vehicles. Modern traffic management...
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Evaluation of the influence of grapevine growing conditions on wine quality
PublicationScientists are increasingly interested in the viticulture concept of terroir, which states that unique properties of wine are strictly related to the environmental conditions under which grapes are cultivated. The aim of the research was to compare the parameters characterizing wines produced in Poland, such as pH, conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC), and concentration of anions (F−, Cl−, NO2−, NO3−, PO43−, SO42−). It was...