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Search results for: VARIABLE SPEED LIMITS
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Research of hydrotronic variable displacement radial piston pump with electro -pneumatic control
PublicationThe paper presents the developed new electro-pneumatic control (pneumotronic) system for hydraulic fixed-displacement radial piston pump. Hydraulic fixed-displacement radial piston pump equipped with the proposed control system changes into hydrotronic variable-displacement radial piston pump. Pump flow rate control is realized by means of programmable logic controller, electro-pneumatic valves, pneumatic cylinders and a sensor.
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Fast Antenna Optimization Using Gradient Monitoring and Variable-Fidelity EM Models
PublicationAccelerated simulation-driven design optimization of antenna structures is proposed. Variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) analysis is used as well as the trust-region framework with limited sensitivity updates. The latter are controlled by monitoring the changes of the antenna response gradients. Our methodology is verified using three compact wideband antennas. Comprehensive benchmarking demonstrates its superiority over both...
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Effect of Pendolino high-speed rail on the structure of buildings located the proximity of the railway tracks
PublicationThe following research focuses on the dynamic analysis of the impact of the high-speed train inducted vibrations on the structures located near railway tracks. The office complex chosen as the subject of calculations is located in the northern part of Poland, in Gdańsk, in the proximity of Pendolino, the high speed train route. The high speed trains are the response for the growing needs for more efficient railway system. However...
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Time variable gain for long range sonar with chirp sounding signal
PublicationThe main purpose of applaying Time Variable Gain (TVG) in active sonars with digital signal processing is to reduce dynamic range of echo signal and adapt it to the dynamic range of the analogue to digital conversion. With high transmission losses level, the dynamic range of the input signal in long range sonars can be very high and even exceed 200dB. When chirp sounding signals with matched filtration are used, sonars can raech...
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Variable Fractional Delay Filter Design Using a Symmetric Window
PublicationIn this paper a numerically efficient method for designing a nearly optimal variable fractional delay (VFD) filter based on a simple and well-known window method is presented. In the proposed method a single window extracted from the optimal filter with fixed fractional delay (FD) is divided into even and odd part. Subsequently, the odd part is discarded and symmetric even part of the extracted window is used to design a family...
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Two-Stage Variable-Fidelity Modeling of Antennas with Domain Confinement
PublicationSurrogate modeling has become the method of choice in solving an increasing number of antenna design tasks, especially those involving expensive full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations. Notwithstanding, the curse of dimensionality considerably affects conventional metamodeling methods, and their capability to efficiently handle nonlinear antenna characteristics over broad ranges of the system parameters is limited. Performance-driven...
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Non-Adaptive Speed and Position Estimation of Doubly-Fed Induction Generator in Grid-Connected Operations
PublicationThe nonadaptive speed and position estimation scheme for a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) is presented in this article. The observer structure is based on the extension of the mathematical model of DFIG to the introduced H vector. Based on the defined H vector, the nonadaptive position and speed estimation is proposed. The Lyapunov method is extended to the practical stability theorem to stabilize the structure. The classic...
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Variable Ratio Sample Rate Conversion Based on Fractional Delay Filter
PublicationIn this paper a sample rate conversion algorithm which allows for continuously changing resampling ratio has been presented. The proposed implementation is based on a variable fractional delay filter which is implemented by means of a Farrow structure. Coefficients of this structure are computed on the basis of fractional delay filters which are designed using the offset window method. The proposed approach allows us to freely...
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Design of three control algorithms for an averaging tank with variable filing
PublicationAn averaging tank with variable filling is a nonlinear multidimensional system and can thus be considered a complex control sys-tem. General control objectives of such object include ensuring stability, zero steady state error and achieving simultaneously shortest possible settling time and minimal overshoot. The main purpose of this research work was the modelling and synthesis of three control systems for an averaging tank. In...
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The contactless method of chip-to-chip high-speed data transmission monitoring
PublicationThis paper presents a technique of decoupling differential signals transmitted in a pair of microstrip lines on a printed circuit board (PCB), using dedicated coupler for high speed data transmission monitoring in chip-to-chip interconnections. The coupler used for signal probing is overlayed on the pair of microstrip lines under test, and provides a signal to the next blocks of the measurement system without disturbing transmission...
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Proportional-Derivative and Model-Based Controllers for Control of a Variable Mass Manipulator
PublicationIn the paper, numerical analysis of dynamics of a variable mass manipulator is presented. A revolute joints composed manipulator is considered. Payload of the gripper is considered as the only element characterized by unknown value of its mass (variable between subsequent operations). As in other cases of the revolute joints composed manipulators, its behaviour dependents significantly on the pose of the manipulator. When the manipulator...
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The Method of Finding the Optimal Spindle Speed When Milling Flexible Details
PublicationThe paper presents a new method of vibration reduction during milling of flexible details. The method consists in selecting the optimal spindle speed, based on the natural frequency of the workpiece. For this purpose, an original method was created, which is based on minimizing the work of cutting forces in the direction of the depth of cutting. The effectiveness of the method has been proved by comparing the RMS values of vibration...
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Guided waves for monitoring of plate structures with linear cracks of variable length
PublicationDamage occurring at the work of plate structures may grow to a considerable size. The joint action – the detection of a defect at the earliest possible stage, the monitoring of its growth and the determination of its critical size in the context of structural reliability allows optimizing the cost of the maintenance and repair of structural elements. Thus the development of monitoring systems for permanent observation of fault...
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Speed estimation of a car at impact with a W-beam guardrail using numerical simulations and machine learning
PublicationThis paper aimed at developing a new method of estimating the impact speed of a passenger car at the moment of a crash into a W-beam road safety barrier. The determination of such a speed based on the accident outcomes is demanding, because often there is no access to full accident data. However, accurate determination of the impact speed is one of the key elements in the reconstruction of road accidents. A machine learning algorithm...
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Preliminary studies on the effect of feed speed on the colour change of wood
PublicationThis paper presents the results of preliminary analyses of the effect of cutting parameters on changes in the colour of wood. Beech wood cut with use circular saw was analysed. The cutting parameter tested was the feed speed, represented by the feed per tooth. Sawing processes with different feed per tooth ranging from 0.0008 mm to 0.09 mm were analysed. It was observed that over the entire range of feed rate per tooth analysed,...
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Experimental comparison of the transition speed of a hydrodynamic journal bearing lubricated with oil and magnetorheological fluid
PublicationA journal bearing test bench is used to find the transition speed between the hydrodynamic and mixed lubrication regimes for a modified magnetorheological (MR) fluid. It is shown that the transition speed of the bearing can be reduced by applying a local magnetic field near minimum film when it is lubricated with the MR fluid, and that this will only marginally increase friction. The lubricating performance of the MR fluid is compared...
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Simulation and experiments of high speed milling vibration surveillence with a use of changing spindle speed
PublicationPraca poświęcona jest nowemu podejściu do nadzorowania drgań wirujących narzędzi w nowoczesnych frezarkach. Przeprowadzono analizy dynamiczne skrawania smukłym frezem kulistym. Opisano dynamikę sterowanego układu nistacjonarnego. Jako rezultat sterowania optymalno-liniowego otrzymano program chwilowych zmian prędkości obrotowej pozwalający uzyskać redukację drgań. Metodę zweryfikowano eksperymentalnie na frezarce Alcera Gambin...
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Application of speed and load torque observers in high-speed train drive for diagnostic purposes
PublicationW artykule przedstawiono zastosowanie diagnostyczne obserwatorów prędkości obrotowej i momentu obciążenia w układzie napędowym z silnikiem asynchronicznym. System diagnostyczny jest dedykowany do napędu pociągu szybkiego. Celem diagnostycznym jest monitorowanie stanu czujnika prędkości obrotowej wału silnika oraz układu przeniesienia momentu trakcyjnego. Analiza sygnałów obliczanych w obserwatorach stanu pozwala na wykrycie uszkodzeń...
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Towards simulations and experiments of high speed milling vibration surveillance by the spindle speed control
PublicationPraca poświęcona jest nowemu podejściu do nadzorowania drgań wirujących narzędzi we współczesnych frezarkach. Przeprowadzono analizę skrawania smukłym frezem kulistym. Jako rezultat sterowania optymlano-liniowego otrzymano program chwilowych zmian prędkości obrotowej pozwalający uzyskać redukację drgań. Metodę zweryfikowano eksperymentalnie.
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Digitalization of High Speed Craft Design and Operation Challenges and Opportunities
PublicationIn recent years, global demands for safe and sustainable ships led to dramatic changes in the maritime industry. Digitalization is expected to play an important part in the future. This is supported by analysis of the autonomous ships market which shows that digitalization of large ship types such as tankers and container ships is well on track. Although to date designs of autonomous High-Speed Craft (HSC) have been developed,...
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Variable Temperature Spectroscopic Ellipsometry as a Tool for Insight into the Optical Order in the P3HT:PC70BM and PC70BM Layers
PublicationTwo combined ellipsometric techniques—variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE) and variable temperature spectroscopic ellipsometry (VTSE)—were used as tools to study the surface order and dielectric properties of thin films of a poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) mixture with a fullerene derivative (6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) (PC70BM). Under the influence of annealing, a layer of the ordered PC70BM...
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Thermo-mechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber via extrusion at low temperature: Efficiency and limits
PublicationThermomechanical reclaiming of ground tire rubber (GTR) was performed at different temperatures (60, 120, and 180°C) using a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. Obtained samples were used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) blends. As reference samples, SBR compounds containing untreated GTR were used. Curing characteristics, static and dynamic mechanical properties, and morphology of the obtained blends were determined. The results...
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Investigation of the vertical distribution of the sound speed of the Gulf of Gdansk in the years 2000-2010
PublicationThe conditions of the acoustic wave propagation in the southern Baltic are much more complex than in other shallow waters. In the typical shallow water, seasonal changes in acoustical conditions in the upper layer, of the depth of about 60-70 m, are observed. They are caused by variation of the annual meteorological conditions. Most often, in the deep water layer, acoustical conditions are stable throughout the year. However, in...
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Optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details
PublicationIn the paper a method of optimal spindle speed determination for vibration reduction during ball-end milling of flexible details is proposed. In order to reduce vibration level, an original procedure of the spindle speed optimisation, based on the Liao–Young criterion, is suggested. As the result, an optimal, constant spindle speed value is determined. For this purpose, on-stationary computational model of machining process is...
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Impact of digital signal processing on FOC current feedback in high-speed PMSM drive
PublicationIn applications where size and weight of the electric motor are among major design concerns, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs) with wide operational speed-range are commonly preferred. Due to limited inverter switching frequency, high-speed operation of a drive results in a low ratio between the switching frequency and the fundamental frequency of motor voltage. Such operating conditions have been recently identified...
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ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITIES OF HIGH SPEED SHAFT BEARING SYSTEM DURABILITY INCREASE
PublicationDuring the operation of wind turbines with a gearbox of traditional configuration, a high failure rate of high-speed shaft bearings is observed. Such a high failures frequency is not reflected in standard bearing durability calculation methods, which can be attributed to atypical failure mechanism. To avoid observed problems in the 1.5 MW wind turbine, the modification of the existing bearing system is proposed. Multiple options,...
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Evolutionary sets of safe ship trajectories with speed reduction manoeuvres within traffic separation schemes
PublicationIn the previous paper the author presented the evolutionary ship trajectory planning method designed to support Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS). This time the extensions of this method are described which allow to combine evolutionary trajectory planning with speed reduction manoeuvres. On TSS regions with higher than usual density of traffic and smaller distances between ships, the course alterations alone are not always sufficient...
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Fast EM-driven optimization using variable-fidelity EM models and adjoint sensitivities
PublicationA robust and computationally efficient technique for microwave design optimization is presented. Our approach exploits variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulation models and adjoint sensitivities. The low-fidelity EM model correction is realized by means of space mapping (SM). In the optimization process, the SM parameters are optimized together with the design itself, which allows us to keep the number...
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Expedited Trust-Region-Based Design Closure of Antennas by Variable-Resolution EM Simulations
PublicationThe observed growth in the complexity of modern antenna topologies fostered a widespread employment of numerical optimization methods as the primary tools for final adjustment of the system parameters. This is mainly caused by insufficiency of traditional design closure approaches, largely based on parameter sweeping. Reliable evaluation of complex antenna structures requires full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Yet, EM-driven...
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Marine propeller shaft bearings under low-speed conditions: water vs. oil lubrication
PublicationThe bearings used in shipbuilding, hydropower, and water pumps have undergone a metamorphosis in recent decades. Because of environmental regulations, lubrication with grease or mineral oil is prohibited. Thus, the standard solutions include water-lubricated bearings with polymer bushings or sealed systems lubricated with oil. When properly designed, assembled, and operated, bearings can operate reliably for years. However, specific...
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Chatter Vibration Surveillance by the Optimal-linear Control of Spindle Speed and Randomly Varying Spindle Speed
PublicationW artykule opisano dynamikę procesu skrawania smukłym frezem kulistym. Jako metodę nadzorowania drgań chatter zastosowano zmienną prędkość obrotową wrzeciona. Jest ona dobierna z wykorzystaniem energetycznego wskaźnika jakości co prowadzi do optymalno-liniowego sterowania prędkością obrotową. Dodatkowo zastosowano nadzorowanie drgań chatter poprzez losowo zmienną prędkość obrotową.
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High Speed Milling vibration surveillance with optimal spindle speed based on optimal speeds map
PublicationThe paper presents the method of the surveillance of the self-excited chatter vibration. At first, the workpiece modal parameters are estimated based on experimental data which leads to verification of computational model. Then, for selected surface points optimal spindle speeds are calculated. By considering sufficient amount of points it is possible to build a map of optimal spindle speeds. Experimental results show that this...
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High-Speed Serial Embedded Deterministic Test for System-on-Chip Designs
PublicationThe paper presents a high-speed serial interface between external tester and Embedded Deterministic Test (EDT) compression logic hosted by SoC designs. With only a single bidirectional link, the system is capable of feeding distributed heterogeneous cores with hundreds of test channels. Moreover, it synergistically supports EDT bandwidth management to improve the overall test performance. A detailed study indicates a high potential...
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Implicit Space Mapping for Variable-Fidelity EM-Driven Design of Compact Circuits
PublicationSpace mapping (SM) belongs to the most successful surrogate-based optimization (SBO) methods in microwave engineering. Among available SM variations, implicit SM (ISM) is particularly attractive due to its simplicity and separation of extractable surrogate model parameters and design variables of the circuit/system at hand. Unlike other SM approaches, ISM exploits a set of preassigned parameters to align the surrogate with the...
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Integrated Control in High-Speed Networks Using Constrained Model Predictive Control
PublicationThis paper studies congestion control in high-speed communication networks using Model Predictive Control (MPC). Network traffic is assumed to consist of best-effort and priority traffic sources. An integrated controller consisting of two control parts is designed. The controller calculates the capacity for priority sources and the input rate of best-effort sources. MPC is desirable as it can take into account the constraints on...
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Examining Impact of Speed Recommendation Algorithm Operating in Autonomous Road Signs on Minimum Distance between Vehicles
PublicationAn approach to a new kind of recommendation system design that suggests safe speed on the road is presented. Real data obtained on roads were used for the simulations. As part of a project related to autonomous road sign development, a number of measurements were carried out on both local roads and expressways. A speed recommendation model was created based on gathered traffic data employing the traffic simulator. Depending on...
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Genetic Algorithm Approach for Gains Selection of Induction Machine Extended Speed Observer
PublicationThe subject of this paper is gains selection of an extended induction machine speed observer. A high number of gains makes manual gains selection difficult and due to nonlinear equations of the observer, well-known methods of gains selection for linear systems cannot be applied. A method based on genetic algorithms has been proposed instead. Such an approach requires multiple fitness function calls; therefore, using a quality index...
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Analysis of Failures of High Speed Shaft Bearing System in a Wind Turbine
PublicationDuring the operation of wind turbines with gearbox of traditional configuration, consisting of one planetary stage and two helical stages high failure rate of high speed shaft bearings is observed. Such a high failures frequency is not reflected in the results of standard calculations of bearing durability. Most probably it can be attributed to atypical failure mechanism. The authors studied problems in 1.5 MW wind turbines of...
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Limits of enhanced of macro- and meso-scale continuum models for studying size effect in concrete under tension
PublicationThe paper investigates a mechanical quasi-static size effect in concrete during splitting tension at the macro- and meso-level. In experiments, five different diameters of cylindrical concrete specimens were tested. Twodimensional plane strain finite element (FE) simulations were carried out to reproduce the experimental size effect. The size effect in experiments by Carmona et al. was also simulated. Two enhanced continuum concrete...
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Variable-fidelity CFD models and co-Kriging for expedited multi-objective aerodynamic design optimization
PublicationPurpose – Strategies for accelerated multi-objective optimization of aerodynamic surfaces are investigated, including the possibility of exploiting surrogate modeling techniques for computational fluid dynamic (CFD)-driven design speedup of such surfaces. The purpose of this paper is to reduce the overall optimization time. Design/methodology/approach – An algorithmic framework is described that is composed of: a search space reduction,...
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Bifurcation of equilibrium forms of a gas column rotating with constant speed around its axis of symmetry
PublicationWe will be concerned with the problem of deformation of the lateral surface of a column that rotates with constant speed around its axis of symmetry. The column is filled by a gas and our goal is to investigate the deformation of the lateral surface depending on the pressure of the gas.
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Research and Analysis of High-Speed Data Transmission Radio Link Designed for Maritime Environment
PublicationIn these article, the realization of digital radio link for high-speed data transmission was presented. Its concept and practical realization, using USRP devices from National Instruments, were described. Developed software for generation and reception of digital signals in baseband, including description of modulation types, and time and frequency synchronization mechanisms, was presented. Moreover, an operation of designed radio...
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Research and analysis of high-speed data transmission radio link designed for maritime environment
PublicationIn these article the realization of digital radio link for high-speed data transmission was presented. Its concept and practical realization, using USRP devices from National Instruments, were described. Developed software for generation and reception of digital signals in baseband, including description of modulation types, and time and frequency synchronization mechanisms, was presented. Moreover, an operation of designed radio...
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Running characteristics of aerodynamic bearing with self-lifting capability at low rotational speed
PublicationAn aerodynamic journal bearing that is capable of self-generating squeeze-film pressure is presented and its dynamic characteristics investigated numerically and experimentally. A numerical method based on a time marching static model was applied to assess the orbit trajectory path of the rotor upon a perturbation. Experimental results were obtained to validate the effect of the self- generated squeeze-film pressure on the stability...
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Sensorless Control of Induction Motor Based on Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Observer With Speed Convergence Improvement
PublicationThe super twisting sliding-mode observer (ST-SMO) has been proposed to achieve an effective method for alleviating low-order harmonics of measured quantities, issues related to DC drift, and suppression of chattering due to low-frequency sampling. The conventional ST-SMO, on the other hand, suffers from control delay in the convergence trajectory due to the system disturbance, resulting in decreased anti-disturbance capability...
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Rheology of Variable Viscosity‐Based Mixed Convective Inclined Magnetized Cross Nanofluid with Varying Thermal Conductivity
PublicationCross nanofluid possesses an extraordinary quality among the various fluidic models to explore the key characteristics of flowing fluid during very low and very high shear rates and its viscosity models depend upon shear rate. The current study establishes the numerical treatment regarding variable viscosity‐based mixed convective inclined magnetized Cross nanofluid with var‐ ying thermal conductivities over the moving permeable...
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Expedited Gradient-Based Design Closure of Antennas Using Variable-Resolution Simulations and Sparse Sensitivity Updates
PublicationNumerical optimization has been playing an increasingly important role in the design of contemporary antenna systems. Due to the shortage of design-ready theoretical models, optimization is mainly based on electromagnetic (EM) analysis, which tends to be costly. Numerous techniques have evolved to abate this cost, including surrogate-assisted frameworks for global optimization, or sparse sensitivity updates for speeding up local...
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Optimisation of inland vessels' route speed.
PublicationW pracy przedstawiono rezultaty badań dotyczących metody doboru prędkości i oceny zapotrzebowanej mocy napędu statków śródlądowych, przydatnej zarówno we wstępnych etapach projektowania, jak i w zarządzaniu eksploatacją taboru śródlądowego, np. przy ustalaniu harmonogramu rejsów pasażerskich statków wycieczkowych. Do rozwiązania problemu zastosowano metodę optymalizacji nieliniowej z ograniczeniami, opartą na minimalizacji kosztu...
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A mobile loop order–disorder transition modulates the speed of chaperonin cycling
PublicationMolecular machines order and disorder polypeptides as they form and dissolve large intermolecular interfaces, but the biological significance of coupled ordering and binding has been established in few, if any, macromolecular systems. The ordering and binding of GroES co-chaperonin mobile loops accompany an ATP-dependent conformational change in the GroEL chaperonin that promotes client protein folding. Following ATP hydrolysis,...
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Experimental Study of Flow Rate in Hydraulic Satellite Motor with the Rotating Case at a Low Constant Rotational Speed
PublicationIn this article was described the methodology for the experimental study of flows in the prototype of a satellite hydraulic motor with a rotating body. The experimental tests of the motor were carried out at a low constant rotational speed in a wide range of pressure drop in this motor. The constant rotational speed of the motor was kept by a worm gear. Based on the test results, the leakage characteristics in the flat gaps of...