Search results for: SMART COMMUNITY, SMART GOVERNANCE, SOCIAL GOVERNANCE, SMART CITY, CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT - Bridge of Knowledge

Search

Search results for: SMART COMMUNITY, SMART GOVERNANCE, SOCIAL GOVERNANCE, SMART CITY, CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT

Search results for: SMART COMMUNITY, SMART GOVERNANCE, SOCIAL GOVERNANCE, SMART CITY, CITIZEN ENGAGEMENT

  • Identification of High-Value Dataset determinants: is there a silver bullet for efficient sustainability-oriented data-driven development?

    Publication

    - Year 2023

    Open Government Data (OGD) are seen as one of the trends that has the potential to benefit the economy, improve the quality, efficiency, and transparency of public administration, and change the lives of citizens, and the society as a whole facilitating efficient sustainability-oriented data-driven services. However, the quick achievement of these benefits is closely related to the “value” of the OGD, i.e., how useful, and reusable...

    Full text to download in external service

  • The impact of equity pledge on inefficient investment: a perspective from family entrepreneurship

    Publication

    - Year 2023

    As an efficient and convenient financing method, equity pledges may have a heterogeneous impact on the inefficient investment of family firms. In order to verify this point, this paper takes A-share listed family enterprises from 2010 to 2021 as a research sample. It conducts an empirical test on the impact of equity pledges on inefficient investment in family firms by constructing a panel regression model. The results show...

  • Tax Evasion, Tax Morale, and Trade Regulations: Company-Level Evidence from Poland

    Objective: To investigate the determinants of the phenomenon of evading taxes among polish entrepreneurs. In particular, I examine such factors as tax administration satisfaction, tax morale, tax burden, and the influence of trade regulations. Research Design & Methods: A survey study conducted in 2017 in Poland among 454 enterprises. I used the zero-inflated negative binomial modelling technique to examine the impact of factors...

    Full text available to download

  • Towards truly sustainable IoT systems: the SUPERIOT project

    Publication
    • M. Katz
    • T. Paso
    • K. Mikhaylov
    • L. Pessoa
    • H. Fontes
    • L. Hakola
    • J. Leppäniemi
    • E. Carlos
    • G. Dolmans
    • J. Rufo... and 5 others

    - Journal of Physics-Photonics - Year 2024

    This paper provides an overview of the SUPERIOT project, an EU SNS JU (Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking) initiative focused on developing truly sustainable IoT systems. The SUPERIOT concept is based on a unique holistic approach to sustainability, proactively developing sustainable solutions considering the design, implementation, usage and disposal/reuse stages. The concept exploits radio and optical technologies...

    Full text available to download

  • Estimation of respiration rate using an accelerometer and thermal camera in eGlasses

    Respiration rate is a very important vital sign. Different methods of respiration rate measurement or estimation have been developed. However, especially interesting are those that enable remote and unobtrusive monitoring. In this study, we investigated the use of smart glasses for the estimation of respiration rate especially useful for indoors applications. Two methods were analyzed. The first one is based on measurements of...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Interdependence between Power Grids and Communication Networks: A Resilience Perspective

    Publication
    • L. Martins
    • R. Girao-Silva
    • L. Jorge
    • A. Gomes
    • F. Musumeci
    • J. Rak

    - Year 2017

    Power network resilience is increasingly dependent on communication networks. Besides traditional generation, power networks need to accommodate increasingly high penetration levels of dispersed micro generation, mostly based on renewable sources, and increasing and challenging demand, such as electric vehicles. At the same time the deployment of enabling technologies throughout the power grid makes available new demand resources...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Performance Evaluation of Selected Parallel Object Detection and Tracking Algorithms on an Embedded GPU Platform

    Publication

    - Year 2017

    Performance evaluation of selected complex video processing algorithms, implemented on a parallel, embedded GPU platform Tegra X1, is presented. Three algorithms were chosen for evaluation: a GMM-based object detection algorithm, a particle filter tracking algorithm and an optical flow based algorithm devoted to people counting in a crowd flow. The choice of these algorithms was based on their computational complexity and parallel...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Evaluation of organic coating systems for corrosion protection of industrial equipment using impedance spectroscopy

    Publication

    The high economic impact of corrosion can be reduced by enhanced corrosion management and prevention based on appropriate means. This applies in particular to the protection of structures with organic protective coatings. Steel is subject to corrosion that reduces its service life and leads to destruction in most severe cases. The application of paints to metallic objects for corrosion control has been known for a long time and...

    Full text available to download

  • Decisional DNA (DDNA) Based Machine Monitoring and Total Productive Maintenance in Industry 4.0 Framework

    Publication

    - CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS - Year 2022

    The entire manufacturing spectrum is transforming with the advent of Industry 4.0. The features of Set of Experience Knowledge Structure (SOEKS) and Decisional DNA (DDNA) were utilized for developing Virtual Engineering Objects (VEO), Virtual Engineering Process (VEP) and Virtual Engineering Factory (VEF), which in turn facilitate the creation of smart factories. In this study, DDNA based Machine Monitoring for Total Maintenance...

    Full text available to download

  • CK STOS Utworzenie w Gdańsku Centrum Kompetencji STOS (Smart and Transdisciplinary knOwledge Services) w zakresie infrastruktury B+R

    Projects

    Project manager: prof. dr hab. inż. Henryk Krawczyk   Financial Program Name: Regionalny Program Operacyjny dla Województwa Pomorskiego na lata 2014-2020

    Project realized in Academic Computer Centre TASK according to RPPM.01.02.00-22-0001/17-00 agreement from 2019-05-06

  • SHAPING PLACES THROUGH ART. THE ROLE OF CREATIVE PLACEMAKING IN PHILADELPHIA

    Publication

    - Year 2016

    The aim of a paper is to examine the role of creative placemaking in shaping urban environment. Art and artists have a long history of contributing and changing cities. Nowadays art and cultural activities become the revitalization tools, helping to start and sustain the process of change in the areas in crisis. The process of creative placemaking brings art to people and people to art, enhancing creativity in lives to transform...

    Full text to download in external service

  • CREATIVE PLACEMAKING IN POLAND. CAN ART BECOME AN EFFECTIVE TOOL OF URBAN REGENERATION?!

    Publication

    - Year 2018

    The main aim of the paper is to examine the role of creative placemaking in shaping the urban environment in Polish cities. It also focuses on challenges and obstacles that creative placemaking projects encounter in Polish realities. Creative placemaking is a “micro-development” strategy (Johnson 2009) that focuses on cultural participation, com¬munity engagement and highlights the social role of arts and culture. Artistic interventions...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Blanka Tundys dr hab.

    People

    Blanka Tundys is an Associate Professor at University of Szczecin, Poland. Her research interests span green supply chain, sustainable supply chain, close loop chain, eco-innovation, city logistics, logistics, transport systems, city economics, strategy in logistics, transportation, performance measurement in logistics and supply chain, efficiency in logistics, circular economy, smart city, risk management in the supply chain,...

  • BIOSOLFarm BIOSOLFarm - South baltic farms - an essential part of renewable energy systems

    Projects

    Project manager: dr inż. Iwona Cichowska-Kopczyńska   Financial Program Name: Europejska Współpraca Terytorialna 2021-2027

    Project realized in Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology according to STHB.02.01-0003/23/00 agreement from 2023-11-27

  • Bartosz Sawik

    People

    Dr Bartosz Sawik is a Professor at the Department of Business Informatics and Engineering Management, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krakow, Poland and at the Institute of Smart Cities, GILT-OR Group, Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Mathematics, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain. He is a Visiting Researcher at the University of California, Berkeley, USA. He has a Ph.D. and a M.Sc. and Eng....

  • Bass Enhancement Settings in Portable Devices Based on Music Genre Recognition

    The paper presents a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) applied to mobile devices, called Smart VBS (SVBS). The proposed algorithm uses an intelligent, rule-based setting of bass synthesis parameters adjusted to the particular music genre. Harmonic generation is based on a nonlinear device (NLD) method with the intelligent controlling system adapting to the recognized music genre. To automatically classify music...

    Full text available to download

  • Experience-Based Decisional DNA (DDNA) to Support Product Development

    Publication

    - CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS - Year 2018

    Knowledge and experience are important requirements for product development. The aim of this paper is to propose a systematic approach for industrial product development. This approach uses smart knowledge management system comprising of Set of Experience Knowledge Structure and Decisional DNA (DDNA) along with Virtual Engineering Tools (Virtual engineering object, Virtual engineering process, and Virtual engineering factory)....

    Full text available to download

  • Time-domain measurement methods for R, L and C sensors based on aversatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit

    Publication

    tIn the paper new time-domain measurement methods for determining values of resistive (R), inductive(L) and capacitive (C) sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcon-trollers with internal analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and analog comparators (ACs) are presented.The interface circuit consists of a reference resistor Rrworking as a voltage divider, a given R, L or C sensorand a microcontroller...

    Full text available to download

  • Viability of decisional DNA in robotics

    Publication

    - Procedia Computer Science - Year 2014

    The Decisional DNA is an artificial intelligence system that uses prior experiences to shape future decisions. Decisional DNA is written in the Set Of Experience Knowledge Structure (SOEKS) and is capable of capturing and reusing a broad range of data. Decisional DNA has been implemented in several fields including Alzheimer’s diagnosis, geothermal energy and smart TV. Decisional DNA is well suited to use in robotics due to the...

    Full text available to download

  • Experience Based Decisional DNA (DDNA) to Support Sustainable Product Design

    Publication

    - Year 2018

    This paper presents the idea of providing engineering design knowledge to designers working on sustainable product design and development process. The new product development process often requires significant amount of design knowledge which can be saved and recalled by designers during the design process. This knowledge is very important for successful sustainable product development as it can include material selection, product...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Evaluation of Respiration Rate Using Thermal Imaging in Mobile Conditions

    Publication

    Respiratory rate is very important vital sign that should be measured and documented in many medical situations. The remote measurement of respiration rate can be especially valuable for medical screening purposes (e.g. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), pandemic influenza, etc.). In this chapter we present a review of many different studies focused on the measurements and estimation of respiration rate using thermal imaging...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Scheduling for Industrial Control Traffic Using Massive MIMO and Large Intelligent Surfaces

    Publication

    - Year 2023

    Industry 4.0, with its focus on flexibility and customizability, is pushing in the direction of wireless communication in future smart factories, in particular massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and its future evolution Large Intelligent Surfaces (LIS), which provide more reliable channel quality than previous technologies. As such, there arises the need to perform efficient scheduling of industrial control traffic...

    Full text to download in external service

  • EVALUATION OF THE USE OF M2M-TYPE NB-IoT AND LTE TECHNOLOGIES FOR MARITIME COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

    The development of IoT (the Internet of Things) wireless transmission opens a new era in communication systems. In the next years, the development and implementation of IoT systems will be very dynamic. It can be seen that the solutions of LTE – NB-IoT (Long Term Evolution – Narrowband IoT) transmission devices are implemented in a wide range of terrestrial solutions, e.g. smart grids. This paper aims to analyse the possibility...

    Full text available to download

  • Assessment of the Feasibility of Energy Transformation Processes in European Union Member States

    The energy transition is now treated in most countries as a necessary condition for their long-term development. The process of energy transformation assumes the simultaneous implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals, which are a major challenge for modern economies and introduce significant restrictions in their functioning. Our study aims to group EU member states according to their ability to achieve energy transition...

    Full text available to download

  • Home Sweet Home. Connecting the dots for healthy evening residential illumination

    During the twentieth century, lighting designers would commonly use incandescent light sources for residential homes as they provided a visual comfort, with high quality colour rendering properties, along with relaxing ambient atmosphere. Unfortunately, it’s now difficult to buy incandescent light sources because they have been banned in many countries (https://bit.ly/2GwN2Wv). This article addresses some of the challenges in regards...

    Full text available to download

  • A Novel IoT-Perceptive Human Activity Recognition (HAR) Approach Using Multi-Head Convolutional Attention

    Publication

    - IEEE Internet of Things Journal - Year 2019

    Together with fast advancement of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart healthcare applications and systems are equipped with increasingly more wearable sensors and mobile devices. These sensors are used not only to collect data, but also, and more importantly, to assist in daily activity tracking and analyzing of their users. Various human activity recognition (HAR) approaches are used to enhance such tracking. Most of the existing...

    Full text available to download

  • The Future of the University? Social Activism among Young Polish Scholars

    Publication

    - Year 2017

    The question “Quo vadis, Academia?” is posed by scholars, research administrators, journalists and is also ofound in public opinion in Poland in different contexts. Authors of the article do not call into question the necessity of changes of contemporary universities, but they think that the source of changes should be characterized by a bottom-up approach, especially by those who have already achieved extraordinary scientific...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Aktualne Problemy w Elektroenergetyce” – APE’19

    Events

    12-06-2019 00:00 - 14-06-2019 23:59

    Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej, Katedra Elektroenergetyki zaprasza do udziału w XIX Konferencji Naukowej „Aktualne Problemy w Elektroenergetyce” – APE’19

  • Experience oriented enhancement of smartness for Internet of Things

    Publication

    - Year 2015

    In this paper, we propose a novel approach, the Experience-Oriented Smart Things that allows experiential knowledge discovery, storage, involving, and sharing for Internet of Things. The main features, architecture, and initial experiments of this approach are introduced. Rather than take all the data produced by Internet of Things, this approach focuses on acquiring only interesting data for its knowledge discovery process. By...

  • Evaluation of a Novel Approach to Virtual Bass Synthesis Strategy

    Publication

    - Year 2015

    The aim of this paper is to present a novel approach to the Virtual Bass Synthesis (VBS) strategy applied to portable computers. The developed algorithms involve intelligent, rule-based settings of bass synthesis parameters with regard to music genre of an audio excerpt and the type of a portable device in use. The Smart VBS algorithm performs the synthesis based on a nonlinear device (NLD) with artificial controlling synthesis...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Algorytmy obliczania składowej czynnej prądu upływu ograniczników przepięć

    Publication

    Pomiar prądu upływowego ograniczników przepięć i analiza jego składowych jest podstawowym kryterium diagnostycznym stosowanym obecnie w energetyce zawodowej. W badaniu ograniczników przepięć wykorzystuje się różne algorytmy określania składowej rezystancyjnej w oparciu o zarejestrowane przebiegi prądu upływu i napięcia zasilającego lub tylko prądu upływowy. W pracy wykorzystano typowe dla rejestratorów jakości energii elektrycznej...

  • Experience-Oriented Intelligence for Internet of Things

    Publication

    - CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS - Year 2017

    The Internet of Things (IoT) has gained significant attention from industry as well as academia during the past decade. The main reason behind this interest is the capabilities of the IoT for seamlessly integrating classical networks and networked objects, and hence allows people to create an intelligent environment based on this powerful integration. However, how to extract useful information from data produced by IoT and facilitate...

    Full text available to download

  • Chitosan-based electrospun nanofibers for encapsulating food bioactive ingredients: A review

    Publication

    - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES - Year 2023

    Today, society has been more aware of healthy food products and related items containing bioactive compounds, which potentially contribute to human health. Unfortunately, the long-term stability and bioactivity of biologically active compounds against environmental factors compromise their target and effective action. In this way, lab-designed vehicles, such as nanoparticles and nanofibers, provide enough properties for their preservation...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Magnetic nanocomposites for biomedical applications

    Publication
    • M. Naghdi
    • M. Ghovvati
    • N. Rabiee
    • S. Ahmadi
    • N. Abbariki
    • S. Sojdeh
    • A. Ojaghi
    • M. Bagherzadeh
    • O. Akhavan
    • E. Sharifi... and 6 others

    - ADVANCES IN COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE - Year 2022

    Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have solved numerous problems related to the repair and regeneration of damaged organs and tissues arising from aging, illnesses, and injuries. Nanotechnology has further aided tissue regeneration science and has provided outstanding opportunities to help disease diagnosis as well as treat damaged tissues. Based on the most recent findings, magnetic nanostructures (MNSs), in particular,...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Sensors and System for Vehicle Navigation

    Publication

    - SENSORS - Year 2022

    In recent years, vehicle navigation, in particular autonomous navigation, has been at the center of several major developments, both in civilian and defense applications. New technologies, such as multisensory data fusion, big data processing, or deep learning, are changing the quality of areas of applications, improving the sensors and systems used. Recently, the influence of artificial intelligence on sensor data processing and...

    Full text available to download

  • Rola inicjatyw społecznych w ochronie dziedzictwa kulturowego na przykładzie mozaiki Anny Fiszer na ścianie kina Neptun w Gdańsku

    Streszczenie: Rola inicjatyw społecznych w ochronie dziedzictwa kulturowego na przykładzie mozaiki Anny Fiszer na ścianie kina Neptun w Gdańsku. Celem artykułu jest wykazanie roli inicjatyw społecznych w budzeniu poczucia odpowiedzialności za dziedzictwo materialne i kulturowe. Przyjęto założenie, że dla lokalnych społeczności miasto jest przestrzenią pamięci. Nastrój, atmosfera i klimat miejsca to słowa, które określają fizyczny...

    Full text available to download

  • S09-4 The development of the Physical Activity Environment Policy Index (PA-EPI): a tool for monitoring and benchmarking government policies and actions to improve physical activity

    Publication
    • C. B. Woods
    • L. Kelly
    • K. Volf
    • P. Gelius
    • S. Messing
    • S. Forberger
    • J. Lakerveld
    • N. d. Braver
    • J. Żukowska
    • E. G. Bengoechea

    - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH - Year 2022

    Background Insufficient physical activity (PA) is a global issue for health. A multifaceted response, including government action, is essential to improve population levels of PA. The purpose of this study was to develop the ‘Physical Activity Environment Policy Index’ (PA-EPI) monitoring framework to assess government policies and actions for creating a healthy PA environment. Methods An iterative process was undertaken. This...

    Full text to download in external service

  • The Physical Activity Environment Policy Index for monitoring government policies and actions to improve physical activity

    Publication
    • C. B. Woods
    • L. Kelly
    • K. Volf
    • P. Gelius
    • S. Messing
    • S. Forberger
    • J. Lakerveld
    • N. R. den Braver
    • J. Żukowska
    • E. García Bengoechea

    - EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH - Year 2022

    Background A multifaceted response, including government action, is essential to improve population levels of physical activity (PA). This article describes the development process of the ‘Physical Activity Environment Policy Index’ (PA-EPI) monitoring framework, a tool to assess government policies and actions for creating a healthy PA environment. Methods An iterative process was undertaken. This involved a review of policy...

    Full text available to download

  • Code development of a DSP-FPGA based control platform for power electronics applications

    Publication
    • V. Minambres-Marcos
    • I. Roasto
    • P. Szczepankowski
    • E. Romero-Cadaval
    • D. Vinnikov
    • F. Barrero-Gonzalez

    - Year 2015

    This paper focuses on the implementation of power electronics algorithms in control platforms based on DSP-FPGA. Today’s power electronics technology demands high power computation with high speed interfacing at the same time. The most popular configuration is a DSP for the former and a FPGA for the latter. The main goal of this work was to develop a generic control system for power electronics application, but it is explained...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Digital Public Service Innovation: Framework Proposal

    Publication

    - Year 2016

    This paper proposes the Digital Public Service Innovation Framework that extends the "standard" provision of digital public services according to the emerging, enhanced, transactional and connected stages underpinning the United Nations Global e-Government Survey, with seven example "innovations" in digital public service delivery -- transparent, participatory, anticipatory, personalized, co-created, context-aware and context-smart....

    Full text to download in external service

  • Deep Instance Segmentation of Laboratory Animals in Thermal Images

    In this paper we focus on the role of deep instance segmentation of laboratory rodents in thermal images. Thermal imaging is very suitable to observe the behaviour of laboratory animals, especially in low light conditions. It is an non-intrusive method allowing to monitor the activity of animals and potentially observe some physiological changes expressed in dynamic thermal patterns. The analysis of the recorded sequence of thermal...

    Full text available to download

  • Integration of antifouling properties into epoxy coatings: a review

    Publication

    - Journal of Coatings Technology and Research - Year 2022

    he need for nontoxic antifouling coatings has encouraged material scientists to develop a class of organic coatings for diverse applications. As a versatile thermosetting resin and well known for coating application, antifouling characteristics have been integrated into epoxy along with anticorrosion and adhesive functions. Accordingly, both micro- and macro-biofoulings have been successfully controlled by using epoxy-based antifouling...

    Full text to download in external service

  • Channel State Estimation in LTE-Based Heterogenous Networks Using Deep Learning

    Following the continuous development of the information technology, the concept of dense urban networks has evolved as well. The powerful tools, like machine learning, break new ground in smart network and interface design. In this paper the concept of using deep learning for estimating the radio channel parameters of the LTE (Long Term Evolution) radio interface is presented. It was proved that the deep learning approach provides...

    Full text available to download

  • Employees With Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Digitized Work Environment: Perspectives for the Future

    The aim of this article is to examine the opportunities for employees with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), arising from digital technology (DT) development. The author discusses assistive technology (AT) as a mean of creating a better work environment, making the digitized workplace more friendly for people with ASD. A possible solution of communication problems is replacing the interpersonal communication between employees with...

    Full text available to download

  • Experimental Research on the Energy Efficiency of a Parallel Hybrid Drive for an Inland Ship

    The growing requirements for limiting the negative impact of all modes of transport on the natural environment mean that clean technologies are becoming more and more important. The global trend of e-mobility also applies to sea and inland water transport. This article presents the results of experimental tests carried out on a life-size, parallel diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system. The eciency of the propulsion system was...

    Full text available to download

  • Tworzenie miasta przyjaznego wszystkim

    Publication

    - Year 2017

    Tworzenie miasta przyjaznego wszystkim, to zadnie, które jest prawdopodobnie celem wszystkich włodarzy miejskich. Czy nie jest tak, że każdy chciałby w takim mieście zamiesz-kać? Jednak zadanie to jest dość trudne, bo wymaga pogodzenia wielu aspektów życia mieszkańców. Obecnie do zagadnień środowiskowych związanych z szeroko rozumianą ekologią dochodzi zagadnienie dostosowania przestrzeni zgodnie z zasadami projektowania uniwersalnego....

    Full text to download in external service

  • Optical Sensor Based Gestures Inference Using Recurrent Neural Network in Mobile Conditions

    In this paper the implementation of recurrent neural network models for hand gesture recognition on edge devices was performed. The models were trained with 27 hand gestures recorded with the use of a linear optical sensor consisting of 8 photodiodes and 4 LEDs. Different models, trained off-line, were tested in terms of different network topologies (different number of neurons and layers) and different effective sampling frequency...

  • A Semiautomatic Experience-Based Tool for Solving Product Innovation Problem

    Publication

    - CYBERNETICS AND SYSTEMS - Year 2017

    In this paper we present the idea of Smart Innovation Engineering (SIE) System and its implementation methodology. The SIE system is semi-automatic system that helps in carrying the process of product innovation. It collects the experiential knowledge from the formal decisional events. This experiential knowledge is collected from the group of similar products having some common functions and features. The SIE system behaves like...

    Full text available to download

  • Structural Health Monitoring of Overhead Power Transmission Lines

    Publication

    - Year 2013

    Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is a novel and continuously developing branch of science and technology that draws attention of scientists all over the world. It creates opportunities to detect, localize and identify structural damage of various types such as: line breakage, permissible sag, bolt loosening, fatigue cracking or insulator contamination. On the other hand the methods used to estimate the remaining operational...

  • Sources of inspiration in designing ecological buildings. If not Pinterest than what?

    Publication

    Efficiency of ecological measures for sustainable architecture depends greatly upon the moment in which it is defined as essential, and how early it can be applied during the design concept stage. The following article refers to inspiration, the initial stage of the design and means to combine it with substantial knowledge regarding ecological architecture. Means, such as computer programs...

    Full text available to download