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Search results for: battery recycling
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Microbiological Survey in Two Arctic Fjords: Total Bacterial Number and Biomass Comparison of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden
PublicationTwo microbiological parameters: total bacterial number (TBN) and biomass (BBM) were studied in two Arctic fjords: Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. Samples were collected from three sampling points in each fjord, from various water depth layers: from the surface to 75 m depth. Total bacterial number and biomass were examined using the DAPI staining and direct count method. The greater amount of bacteria, as well as highest bacterial biomass...
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Microbiological Survey in Two Arctic Fjords: Total Bacterial Number and Biomass Comparison of Hornsund and Kongsfjorden
PublicationTwo microbiological parameters: total bacterial number (TBN) and biomass (BBM) were studied in two Arctic fjords: Hornsund and Kongsfjorden. Samples were collected from three sampling points in each fjord, from various water depth layers: from the surface to 75 m depth. Total bacterial number and biomass were examined using the DAPI staining and direct count method. The greater amount of bacteria, as well as highest bacterial biomass...
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NMR dispersion studies of poly(ethylene oxide)/sodium montmorillonitenanocomposites
PublicationPraca prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczące struktury nanokompozytów opartych na matrycy poli(tlenku etylenu) zawierającej montmorylonit sodowy. Układy zawierające PEO/MMT scharakteryzowano metodami NMR (Fast Field Cycling NMR), DSC oraz XRD.
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Coplanar Waveguide Fed Ultra-Wideband Antenna Over the Planar and Cylindrical Surfaces
PublicationThe investigation of coplanar waveguide fed ultra-wideband antenna and the influence of the proximity of different materials on the reflection coefficients and radiation character-istics is presented. The antenna is composed of two circular coplanar strips which enclose slot aperture of similar shape and is designed on a thin and flexible substrate. From the modeling and experimental tests the antenna shows good performance in...
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Charakterystyka właściwości kompozytów termoplastycznych napełnianych miałem gumowym
PublicationKompozyty termoplastyczne napełniane miałem gumowym otrzymano przy użyciu współbieżnej wytłaczarki dwuślimakowej. Scharakteryzowano właściwości mechaniczne oraz morfologię badanych kompozytów. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują że kompozyty typu termoplast/miał gumowy stanowią proekologiczną formę recyklingu zużytych opon samochodowych stanowiąc tym samym ciekawą alternatywę dla powszechnie stosowanego odzysku energetycznego.
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Wpływ parametrów kruszywa na właściwości betonu przepuszczalnego
PublicationAutorzy w pracy przedstawili wpływ rodzaju i właściwości kruszywa grubego na właściwości mechaniczne betonu przepuszczającego. Określono wpływ jamistości betonu na gęstość betonu porowatego. W przeprowadzonych badaniach zastosowano kruszywo łamane granitowe, naturalne otoczakowe, kruszywo z recyklingu gruzu betonowego, kruszywo popiołoporytowe, granulowane kruszywo ze szkła spienionego.
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The Influence of Cement Type on Early Properties of Cold In-Place Recycled Mixtures
PublicationCold in-place recycling is a commonly used maintenance treatment in rehabilitation of low and medium volume roads in Poland. Typically, two types of binding agents are used—cement and bituminous emulsion (or foamed bitumen).Due to the harsh Polish climate with many freeze/thaw cycles and frequent occurrence of saturated conditions, the used amounts of cement are higher than those commonly used in warmer parts of Europe. While there...
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Learning from Mistakes. A Study on Maturity and Adaptability to Change
PublicationLearning culture matters; company culture must support continuous improvement. Organizational learning is a process of identifying and modifying mistakes that result from interactions between co-workers. The article aims to explore the learning power via errors, using the level of organizational maturity as a moderator. Companies need to know how organizational maturity may moderate the adaptability to change via the acceptance...
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Effect of Compounding Conditions on Static and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of High Density Polyethylene/Ground Tire Rubber Blends
PublicationSearching for new and cost-effective methods of waste rubber recycling is a subject of research in many scientific centers in the world. In this paper there are presented results of the research of the extrusion process of cheap and environmentally friendly thermoplastic compositions containing 50 % wt. of masses of ground tire rubber (GTR). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the mixing conditions and...
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Method of managing drill cuttings from shale gas formations
PublicationProposed management method of drill cuttings involves recycling for the expanded clay production. A theoretical presentation of the possibility, choosing planning path based on similarity between the materials used in the manufacture of expanded clay and oily cuttings. Application for the main stages of manufacture of expanded clay production of drill cuttings from shale gas extraction. Introduced into circulation solid waste partly...
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One-step recovery of REE oxalates in electro-leaching of spent NdFeB magnets
PublicationRecovery of rare-earth elements (REEs) from spent NdFeB magnets is receiving great attention because of high amount of neodymium and potential risk of environmental pollution. In this study, a novel environment-friendly hydrometallurgical route is proposed for efficient recovery of REEs during electrochemical leaching with sulfuric and oxalic acids. With proper adjustment of the electrolyte composition and operating conditions,...
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The Effect of Polyurethane Glycolysate on the Structure and Properties of Natural Rubber/Carbon Black Composites
PublicationIn this work the use of polyurethane chemical recycling product (i.e. glycolysis of polyurethane waste realized with the mass excess of polymer) as a plasticizer for natural rubber-based composites was proposed. The effect of plasticizer type (napthenic oil and polyurethane foam glycolysate) and amount (2, 4, 6 or 8 parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) on the processing properties of rubber mixtures and chemical structure, swelling,...
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Przegląd aplikacji zużytych łopat turbin wiatrowych na potrzeby budownictwa infrastrukturalnego
PublicationArtykuł zawiera przedstawienie aktualnego stanu wiedzy na temat recyklingu i ponownego użycia łopat wirników turbin wiatrowych na potrzeby budownictwa infrastrukturalnego. Poruszana problematyka stała się w ostatnim czasie bardzo istotna, a prognozy i statystyki pokazują, że najbliższe lata, będące jednocześnie okresem intensywnego rozwoju energetyki wiatrowej, będą jeszcze bardziej niż kiedykolwiek wymagały opracowania metody...
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Thermal analysis and static strength of polyurethanes obtained from glycolysates
PublicationPrzeprowadzono analizę termiczną i zbadano właściwości wytrzymałościowe poliuretanów otrzymanych z glikolizatów o różnej budowie chemicznej. Glikolizaty pozyskiwano w procesie recyklingu surowcowego odpadów poliuretanowych o niskiej gęstości. Środkiem glikolizującym był propano-1,3-diol. Poliuretany z glikolizatów syntezowano metodą prepolimerową z MDI i BDO jako przedłużacza łańcuchów. Nie stosowano katalizatorów.
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Experimental investigation on heat pipes supported by soy wax and lauric acid for electronics cooling
PublicationThis paper presents an experimental study of heat pipes for electronics cooling that were supported by energy storage materials (i.e. phase change materials - PCMs) coated at the adiabatic section. The PCMs utilized included two materials, namely lauric acid and soy wax, the latter being considered as a more cost-effective alternative. The study focused on three different powers: 20 W, 25 W, and 30 W. Both heating, cooling, and...
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Hybridized PWM Strategy for Three- and Multiphase Three-Level NPC Inverters
PublicationA simple hybridized pulsewidth modulation (PWM) algorithm for three- and multiphase three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverters is proposed. The proposed solution is based on classical space vector PWM (SVPWM) algorithms for two-level inverters but can also be based on sinusoidal PWM with min–max injection. An additional level of output voltage is obtained by modifying the resulting switching patterns taking into account...
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Experimental study of the use of electric car powered with stationary solar and electrochemical batteries in Northern Poland
PublicationThe subject of this paper is an experimental analysis of a Nissan LEAF electric car equipped with 24 kWh battery, powered from the standalone photo-voltaic (PV) charging station in Gdańsk, Poland. The calculations of charging process efficiency and range of test drives were conducted in two extreme situations (winter and summer) of sunlight and road conditions. Experiments were performed in the Laboratory of Innovative Power Technologies...
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Comparing Apples and Oranges: A Mobile User Experience Study of iOS and Android Consumer Devices
PublicationWith the rapid development of wireless networks and the spread of broadband access around the world, the number of active mobile user devices continues to grow. Each year more and more terminals are released on the market, with the smartphone being the most popular among them. They include low-end, mid-range, and of course high-end devices, with top hardware specifications. They do vary in build quality, utilized type of material,...
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Re-use of photovotaic [i.e. photovoltaic] crystalline silicon solar cells - technological possibilities
PublicationSystemy fotowoltaiczne są stosowane na całym świecie jako niezawodne i wydajne układy zasilania dla zastosowań przemysłowych, komunalnych i komercyjnych. Średni czas eksploatacji modułów fotowoltaicznych wynosi ponad 25 lat. Wyeksploatowane moduły oraz te, które uległy uszkodzeniu, są obecnie przeważnie składowane na wysypiskach jako odpady przemysłowe lub komunalne, np. jako szkło lub materiał rozbiórkowy, co było dopuszczalne...
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Zagospodarowanie zużytych opon w świetle prawodawstwa obowiązującego w Polsce
PublicationIlość odpadów gumowych, w szczególności zużytych opon, z roku na rok systematycznie wzrasta. W związku z tym pojawia się problem utylizacji i zagospodarowania opon wycofanych z eksploatacji. W artykule omówiono podstawowe sposoby recyklingu zużytych opon samochodowych, przedstawiono również zalety i wady poszczególnych metod. Jednym z istotnych problemów, dotyczących wdrażania procesów recyklingu jest nieznajomość bądź niestosowanie...
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Advanced coating of interior of tanks for rising environmental safety of tankers - novel applications of polyurethanes
PublicationOpisano technologię nanoszenia ciekłego systemu poliuretanowego na niewygrzewane elementy stalowe i stalowo-betonowe oraz sposób łączenia powłoki poliuretanowej z wymienionymi materiałami, a także między sobą przy użyciu odpowiednich środków adhezyjnych. Scharakteryzowano metodę utylizacji i odzysku polioli z zużytych w badaniach powłok poliuretanowych w recyklingu surowcowym poprzez zastosowanie małoczšsteczkowych glikoli jako...
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Can Evaluation Patterns Enable End Users to Evaluate the Quality of an e-learning System? An Exploratory Study.
PublicationThis paper presents the results of an exploratory study whose main aim is to verify if the Pattern-Based (PB) inspection technique enables end users to perform reliable evaluation of e-learning systems in real work-related settings. The study involved 13 Polish and Italian participants, who did not have an HCI background, but used e-learning platforms for didactic and/or administrative purposes. The study revealed that the participants...
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Planetary roller extruders in the sustainable development of polymer blends and composites – Past, present and future
PublicationScrew extruders as continuous flow reactors allow the synthesis of new polymers, preparation of polymer blends and composites, and modification or functionalization of commercially available polymers. Literature data shows that the twin screw extrusion is the most popular solution used for this purpose. In contrast, the number of scientific papers on alternative methods, such as multi-screw extruders, is somewhat limited. This...
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Progress in used tyres management in the european union: a review
PublicationThe dynamic increase in the manufacture of rubber products, particularly those used in the automobile industry, is responsible for a vast amount of wastes, mostly in the form of used tyres, of which more than 17 million tonnes are produced globally each year. The widely differing chemical compositions and the cross-linked structures of rubber in tyres are the prime reason why they are highly resistant to biodegradation, photochemical...
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Application of Spinel and Hexagonal Ferrites in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis
PublicationSemiconducting materials display unique features that enable their use in a variety of applications, including self-cleaning surfaces, water purification systems, hydrogen generation, solar energy conversion, etc. However, one of the major issues is separation of the used materials from the process suspension. Therefore, chemical compounds with magnetic properties have been proposed as crucial components of photocatalytic composites,...
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Impact of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) on low-temperature properties of asphalt concrete
PublicationHot mix recycling is a practice which enables reusing materials from old asphalt pavements. Current Polish regulations allow usage of RAP only for binder and base courses, and its amount is limited. Asphalt mixtures with RAP material have to fulfil requirements stated for typical asphalt mixtures. The research presents low-temperature properties of twelve different asphalt concretes with RAP material, determined using three-point...
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Sustainable urban planning in the context of studentification of the inner city areas
PublicationThe social dimension of urban planning as well as the importance of local communities and civic participation are often underlined in contemporary urban renewal and revitalisation programmes based on the principles of sustainable development. British Urban Renaissance is one the most far-reaching and widely discussed urban regeneration strategies which aims at repopulation and social diversification of inner city areas and land...
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Hybrid storage management system consisting of supercapacitors and AHI batteries
PublicationIn the article the hybrid storage, composed of Aqueous Hybrid Ion battery and supercapacitor was presented. The system was tested through simulation studies. The work also describes the construction and properties of the developed device meant to control the energy flow of the storage and a communication system for remote parameter supervision.
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Onboard Energy Storage and Power Management Systems forAll-Electric Cargo Vessel Concept
PublicationThis paper presents an innovative approach to the design of a forthcoming, fully electric-powered cargo vessel. This work begins by defining problems that need to be solved when designingvessels of this kind. Using available literature and market research, a solution for the design of apower management system and a battery management system for a cargo vessel of up to 1504 TEUcapacity was developed. The proposed solution contains...
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Analysis of the Impact of Charging Electric Cars on the Power System Load
PublicationThe paper presents ways of integrating electric cars with the power system. In connection with this, daily load curves in the average working day have been developed in the G2V (Grid-to-Vehicle) and V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) variants. The G2V solution consists in unidirectional energy flow from the power system to a vehicle’s battery. The V2G solution consists in bi-directional energy exchange between the power system and electric...
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Magnetic photocatalysts for water treatment
PublicationThe concept of magnetic photocatalysts with separation function requires ferromagnetic material with high magnetic susceptibility to an external magnetic field to enable recycling of composite nanoparticles. Currently, much attention is devoted to functionalization of photocatalyst using MFe2O3, where M =Fe, Zn, Co, Mn. However direct contact between photocatalyst and magnetic iron oxide particles leads to photodissolution of iron...
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Neural networks and deep learning
PublicationIn this chapter we will provide the general and fundamental background related to Neural Networks and Deep Learning techniques. Specifically, we divide the fundamentals of deep learning in three parts, the first one introduces Deep Feed Forward Networks and the main training algorithms in the context of optimization. The second part covers Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and discusses their main advantages and shortcomings...
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Variable-Fidelity Simulation Models and Sparse Gradient Updates for Cost-Efficient Optimization of Compact Antenna Input Characteristics
PublicationDesign of antennas for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications requires taking into account several performance figures, both electrical (e.g., impedance matching) and field (gain, radiation pattern), but also physical constraints, primarily concerning size limitation. Fulfillment of stringent specifications necessitates the development of topologically complex structures described by a large number of geometry parameters that...
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Characterization and properties of LDPE/(ground tire rubber)/crosslinked butyl rubber blends
PublicationIn recent years, interest in used rubber recycling, mainly focusing on the utilization of end-of-life tires, has heightened. This interest, is owing to the activities related to environmental protection and economic factors, which both stimulate companies to reuse the high-quality rubber present in ground rubber scrap. In this study, the application of crosslinked butyl rubber in thermoplastic compositions of low-density polyethylene...
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Potential of Functionalized Polyolefins in a Sustainable Polymer Economy: Synthetic Strategies and Applications
PublicationPolymers play a crucial role in our modern life as no other material exists that is so versatile, moldable, and lightweight. Consequently, the demand for polymers will continue to grow with the human population, modernization, and technological developments. However, depleted fossil resources, increasing plastic waste production, ocean pollution, and related growing emission of greenhouse gases has led to a change in the way we...
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Waste Tyres Pyrolysis for Obtaining Limonene
PublicationThis review deals with the technologies of limonene production from waste tyre pyrolysis. Thermal decomposition is attractive for tackling the waste tyre disposal problem, as it enables both: energy to be recovered and limonene to be obtained. This material management recycling of tyres is environmentally more beneficial than the burning of all valuable products, including limonene. Given this recoverability of materials from waste...
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Validation Process for Computational Model of Full-Scale Segment for Design of Composite Footbridge
PublicationExperimental tests and numerical simulations of a full-scale segment of a foot and cycle bridge made of polymer composites are presented in the paper. The analysed structure is made of sandwich panels, which consist of glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP) multi-layered laminate faces and a PET foam (obtained from recycling) core. The dimensions of the segment cross-section are the same as for the target footbridge; however, span...
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A prototype information system for managing and pricing e-waste
PublicationThere is no doubt that innovation drives development in all areas of human activity, including electrical and electronic equipment. However, the production of new equipment has a significant impact on the natural environment and a relatively high consumption of natural resources. To address these issues, the circular economy has been implemented in recent years by promoting and introducing numerous measures to facilitate the recycling...
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Biobased Ultralow-Density Polyurethane Foams with Enhanced Recyclability
PublicationPolyurethane (PUR) foams are widely used in many engineering applications, but their efficient recycling has remained a major challenge for many years. This study presents a novel strategy of incorporating hydrolyzable ester units into the PUR structure to enhance PUR foam recyclability. The present ecodesign concept of PUR materials enables fully the replacement of petrochemical polyols with biobased alternatives and production...
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Vegetable derived-oil facilitating carbon black migration from waste tire rubbers and its reinforcement effect
PublicationThree dimensional chemically cross-linked polymer networks present a great challenge for recycling and reutilization of waste tire rubber. In this work, the covalently cross-linked networks of ground tire rubber (GTR) were degraded heterogeneously under 150 °C due to the synergistic effects of the soybean oil and controlled oxidation. The degradation mechanism was discussed using Horikx theory and Fourier transformation infrared...
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Analysis of Signalized Intersections in the Context of Pedestrian Traffic
PublicationGdynia is a city in the Pomeranian Voivod e ship of Poland with a population of about 250,000. It faces a growing motorization rate th at needs to be addressed. Car ownership in Gdynia now exceed s 500 vehicles per 1000 residents. Travel by public transport is decreasing and the rate of walking and cycling remains low. It is necessary to reverse these negative trends by implementing solu tions based...
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Optymalizacja dewulkanizacji ciągłej rozdrobnionych odpadów gumowych
PublicationDynamiczny rozwój przemysłu motoryzacyjnego, przyczynił się do powstania ogromnej ilości odpadów gumowych, z których aż 80% stanowią zużyte opony samochodowe. Wydanie aktów praw-nych nakładających na producentów obowiązku zagospodarowania zużytych opon z jednoczesnym zakazem ich składowania, sprawiło iż recykling materiałowy odpadów gumowych nabiera obecnie coraz większego znaczenia, stanowiąc alternatywę dla powszechnie stosowanego...
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Study of Cloud Water Samples Collected over Northern Poland
PublicationThe paper gives the results of the first studies on the chemistry of cloud water collected during 3 mo (Aug.–Oct. 2010) in the free atmosphere over the area to the south of the Tri-City (Gdansk-Sopot-Gdynia) conurbation on the Gulf of Gdansk, Poland. Taken from cumulus, stratus, and stratocumulus clouds by means of an aircraft-mounted collector, the water samples were analyzed for the following contaminants: anions (chlorides,...
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Where Did Knowledge Management Go?: A Comprehensive Survey
PublicationKnowledge Management (KM) research outputs have been expanding exponentially in the past years, generating diversified topics, which lack integration and classification. It has been challenging for experts to classify KM because of its versatile open fields, and in our view, it contributes to the technocratic approach remaining behind the organizational approach. This paper highlights a way to classify KM publications through a...
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Landscape as the tool of coherence in the land management of rural communes
PublicationEconomic and social transformation of rural areas in Poland after 1990 reveals itself through disintegration of previous spatial order. Building a new pattern requires a vision, which would counteract complex causes of disintegration. The latter belong to institutional domain of planning strategies and the area of common practices. Therefore, agreement on aims and means between spatial policy strategies and tactics of space users...
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Electronic noses: Powerful tools in meat quality assessment
PublicationMain factors that are considered by consumers when choosing meat products are colour and aroma, of which the latter is a more reliable indicator of quality. However, a simple sensory evaluation of hedonistic qualities is often not sufficient to determine whether protein is past its shelf life, and consumption of spoiled meat can lead to serious health hazards. Some volatile compounds can be used as spoilage indicators, and so a...
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Metody zapobiegania powstawaniu spękań odbitych
PublicationAnalityczne opracowanie wyjaśniające zasady weryfikacji i aktualizacji obliczeń zawartych w nowym katalogu typowych konstrukcji nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych z 2013 roku dostosowanym do współczesnych technologii i materiałów, zwiększonego obciążenia dróg przez ruch drogowy, zmienionych sposobów wzmacniania podłoża, recyklingu materiałów drogowych, ujednoliconego nazewnictwa warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni oraz nowych metod...
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Schemat i terminologia warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych oraz ulepszonego podłoża
PublicationAnalityczne opracowanie wyjaśniające zasady weryfikacji i aktualizacji obliczeń zawartych w nowym katalogu typowych konstrukcji nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych z 2013 roku dostosowanym do współczesnych technologii i materiałów, zwiększonego obciążenia dróg przez ruch drogowy, zmienionych sposobów wzmacniania podłoża, recyklingu materiałów drogowych, ujednoliconego nazewnictwa warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni oraz nowych metod...
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Porównanie wybranych europejskich katalogów typowych nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych
PublicationAnalityczne opracowanie wyjaśniające zasady weryfikacji i aktualizacji obliczeń zawartych w nowym katalogu typowych konstrukcji nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych z 2013 roku dostosowanym do współczesnych technologii i materiałów, zwiększonego obciążenia dróg przez ruch drogowy, zmienionych sposobów wzmacniania podłoża, recyklingu materiałów drogowych, ujednoliconego nazewnictwa warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni oraz nowych metod...
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Materiały stosowane w Polsce w konstrukcjach nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych
PublicationAnalityczne opracowanie wyjaśniające zasady weryfikacji i aktualizacji obliczeń zawartych w nowym katalogu typowych konstrukcji nawierzchni podatnych i półsztywnych z 2013 roku dostosowanym do współczesnych technologii i materiałów, zwiększonego obciążenia dróg przez ruch drogowy, zmienionych sposobów wzmacniania podłoża, recyklingu materiałów drogowych, ujednoliconego nazewnictwa warstw konstrukcji nawierzchni oraz nowych metod...