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Search results for: INDIRECT RECIPROCITY
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Direct conversion of secondary phosphine oxides and H-phosphinates with [di(acyloxy)iodo]benzenes to phosphinic and phosphonic amides
PublicationW publikacji przedstawiono metodę pozwalająca na bezpośrednie otrzymywanie amidów kwasu fosfinowego i fosfonowego w reakcji drugorzędowych tlenków fosfin lub H-fosfinianów z [di(acyloksy)iodo]benzenami w obecności amin pierwszo lub drugorzędowych. Wykorzytując silne acylujące właściwości układu [di(acyloksy)iodo]benzen/R2P(O)H.
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Prediction of pile shaft capacity in tension based on some direct CPT methods – Vistula Marshland test site
PublicationThis paper presents different CPT methodologies for the prediction of the pile shaft resistance in tension on the example of three reference screw piles of the Jazowa test site in Poland. The shaft capacity was estimated based on the cone resistance, sleeve friction and CPT excess pore water pressure. Three piles with a diameter of 0.4 m and the length...
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Direct Current Atmospheric Pressure Microdischarge Generated between a Miniature Flow Helium Microjet and a Flowing Liquid Cathode
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A pilot study to assess an in-process inspection method for small diameter holes produced by Direct Metal Laser Sintering
PublicationPurpose The purpose of this research is to evaluate the geometric quality of small diameter holes in parts printed by DMLS technology. An in-process optical inspection method is proposed and assessed during a pilot study. The influence of the theoretical hole diameter assumed in a CAD system and the sample thickness (hole length) on the hole clearance was analysed. Design/methodology/approach The samples made of two different...
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ALTERNATIVE, DIRECT SYNTHESIS METHOD OF THE CERAMIC SOLID SOLUTIONS BASED ON BaTiO3 THROUGH A HIGH ENERGY BALL MILLING
PublicationPolycrystalline samples BaTiO3 and the solid solutions Ba0.9Sr0.1TiO3, Ba0.9Sr0.1Ti0.9Sn0.1O3, Ba0.9Sr0.1Ti0.8Sn0.2O3 were obtained by means of a mechanochemical treatment based on the high-energy ball milling technique and next a high temperature solid state reaction method. The influence of synthesis condition on microstructural, dielectric and ferroelectric properties of obtained solid solutions were investigated. The structure...
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Determination of EC50 toxicity data of selected heavy metals toward heterocypris incongruens and their comparison to "direct-contact" and microbiotests
PublicationW artykule omówiono czułość organizmu Heterocypris incongruens wobec metali ciężkich. Pomimo iż test Ostracodtoxkit F jest dostępny hadlowo na rynku od wielu lat to brak jest danych na temat czułości i selektywności tego organizmu, a dane na ten temat są niezbędne podczas interpretowania wyników oznaczeń toksyczności chronicznej próbek gleb i osadów. Wyniki LC50 oraz EC50 zostały też porównane z danymi innych handlowo dostępnych...
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Prediction of Pile Shaft Capacity in Tension Based on Some Direct CPT Methods—Vistula Marshland Test Site
PublicationThis paper presents different CPT methodologies for the prediction of the pile shaft resistance in tension on the example of three reference screw piles of the Jazowa test site in Poland. The shaft capacity was estimated based on the cone resistance, sleeve friction and CPT excess pore water pressure. Three piles with diameter 0.4 m and the length varied from 8 m to 14.6 m were subjected to static load tests in tension. Their...
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Direct-contact condensation from vapour- gas mixture in a spray ejector condenser for negative CO2 power plant
PublicationDirect-contact condensation of vapour containing the inert gas on a spray of subcooled liquid exists in a number of technical applications. For example, it may be found in the nuclear industry (e.g. pressurized jet under normal operating conditions, in safety analyses) or in the chemical industry (e.g. mixing-type heat exchanger, degasser, sea water desalting). The problem is also essential to modelling and analysis of some...
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A New Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum Signal Detection Method for Underwater Acoustic Communications in Shallow-Water Channel
PublicationDirect-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is one of the modulation and coding techniques used in Underwater Acoustic Communication (UAC) systems for reliable data transmision even at low signal levels. However, in a shallow water channel, there is a strong multipath propagation which causes a phase fluctuation of the received signal, affecting the performance of the spread-spectrum system. The article presents a differential method...
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Mechanical Properties and Wear Susceptibility Determined by Nanoindentation Technique of Ti13Nb13Zr Titanium Alloy after “Direct Laser Writing”
PublicationLaser treatment has often been applied to rebuild the surface layer of titanium and its alloys destined for long-term implants. Such treatment has always been associated with forming melted and re-solidified thin surface layers. The process parameters of such laser treatment can be different, including the patterning of a surface by so-called direct writing. In this research, pulse laser treatment was performed on the Ti13Nb13Zr...
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Water retention curves of sandy soils obtained from direct measurements, particle size distribution, and infiltration experiments
PublicationAccurate information about soil water retention curves (SWRCs) of sands is essential for evaluating groundwater recharge and vulnerability to contamination in many shallow sandy aquifers which are widespread on post glacial areas in Northern Europe and North America. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) allow to estimate SWRC from basic physical characteristics of soils, such as textural composition. However, in the case of clean sands...
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Poly(3,4-ethynenedioxythiophene)-Prussian Blue hybrid material evidence of direct chemical interaction betwenn PB andpEDOT
PublicationPrzedstawiono syntezę materiału złożonego z poli(3,4-etylenodioksytiofenu) oraz analogu błękitu pruskiego. Sieć struktury BP utworzona została wewnątrz matrycy polimerowej pEDOT-u za pomocą metody polaryzacji multicyklicznej. Chemiczne oddziaływania Fe z BP oraz siarki z pEDOT zostały potwierdzone metodą XPS. Obecność BP potwierdzono FTiR - stwierdzono obecność drgań rozciągających Fe-C oraz Fe-N. Metoda cyklowoltamperometryczna...
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Experimental study and numerical simulation on porosity dependent direct reducibility of high-grade iron oxide pellets in hydrogen
PublicationThe transition to more environmentally friendly steel production methods has intensified research into hydrogen-based direct reduction (HyDR) of iron oxide pellets. The aim of this study is to systematically investigate the kinetics of the reduction process, the evolution of porosity and the resulting microstructural changes on the reduction behavior of high-quality pellets during HyDR of iron ore at different temperatures. A modified...
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Particulate Emissions from European Vehicles Featuring Direct Injection Spark Ignition Engines Tested Under Laboratory Conditions
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Neutrocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts the presence of a replicative hepatitis C virus strand after therapy with direct-acting antivirals
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Evaluation of Nanoporous Carbon Synthesized from Direct Carbonization of a Metal–Organic Complex as a Highly Effective Dye Adsorbent and Supercapacitor
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Comparison of sono-direct and sono-alternate current electro-coagulation processes for removal of color and turbidity from domestic wastewater
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Utilizing Genome-Wide mRNA Profiling to Identify the Cytotoxic Chemotherapeutic Mechanism of Triazoloacridone C-1305 as Direct Microtubule Stabilization
PublicationRational drug design and in vitro pharmacology profiling constitute the gold standard in drug development pipelines. Problems arise, however, because this process is often dicult due to limited information regarding the complete identification of a molecule’s biological activities. The increasing aordability of genome-wide next-generation technologies now provides an excellent opportunity to understand a compound’s diverse eects...
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Time-domain measurement methods for R, L and C sensors based on aversatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface circuit
PublicationtIn the paper new time-domain measurement methods for determining values of resistive (R), inductive(L) and capacitive (C) sensors based on a versatile direct sensor-to-microcontroller interface for microcon-trollers with internal analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) and analog comparators (ACs) are presented.The interface circuit consists of a reference resistor Rrworking as a voltage divider, a given R, L or C sensorand a microcontroller...
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Switching Regulation in the Control of 5-Phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Fed by 3×5 Direct Matrix Converter
PublicationMatrix converter is an AC-AC direct power converter comprising of an array of bi- directional switches. It does not require an intermediate DC-link and allows sinusoidal output waveforms with varying amplitudes and frequencies. The configuration of these bi- directional switches decides the number of inputs and outputs...
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Direct measurements of odorous volatile organic compounds present in biosolids cakes by Proton Transfer Reaction – Mass Spectrometry Technique
PublicationThis paper show the results of investigation of concentration of odorous chemical compounds emitted upon ageing of anaerobically stabilised biosolids that could contribute to the overall odour character of nuisance emissions. Biosolids samples from wastewater treatment plant were collected in spring time. Concentrations of volatile organic compounds using a US EPA flux hood and Proton Transfer Reaction-Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry...
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A new duty cycles calculation method in pulse width modulation for direct matrix converters based on the shape function concept
PublicationPaper presents a new approach to duty cycle calculation in pulse width modulation for direct matrix converters. The essence of the proposed method is the use of elementary shape function of finite element. The algorithm for calculating the duty cycles was reduced to simple operations on the coordinates of input and output voltage vectors without trigonometric functions.
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Performance of the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum Underwater Acoustic Communication System with Differential Detection in Strong Multipath Propagation Conditions
PublicationThe underwater acoustic communication (UAC) operating in very shallow-water should ensure reliable transmission in conditions of strong multipath propagation, significantly disturbing the received signal. One of the techniques to achieve this goal is the direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) technique, which consists in binary phase shift keying (BPSK) according to a pseudo-random spreading sequence. This paper describes the DSSS...
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Direct injection liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (DI-LC-MS) analysis for rapid lipidomic profiling of extracellular vesicles
PublicationExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are small, spherical particles produced by eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, surrounded by a bilayer membrane and carrying various bioactive molecules, such as proteins, surface receptors, membrane and soluble proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs are of substantial interest because of their important roles in cell communication, epigenetic regulation and possible application in disease diagnosis...
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Energy neutrality versus carbon footprint minimization in municipal wastewater treatment plants
PublicationThis work aimed to compare the carbon footprint (CF) of six full-scale wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The CF was estimated in the range of 23–100 kg CO2e per population equivalent. In the total CF, the direct emissions held the highest share (62–74%) for the plants with energy recovery from biogas. In the plants depending entirely on the power grid, the indirect emissions due to energy consumption dominated the total CF (69–72%)....
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Direct use of point clouds in real-time interaction with the cultural heritage in pandemic and post-pandemic tourism on the case of Kłodzko Fortress
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Direct QSPR: the most efficient way of predicting organic carbon/water partition coefficient (log K OC) for polyhalogenated POPs
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Rapid and sensitive determination of acrylamide in potato crisps using reversed-phase direct immersion single drop microextraction-gas chromatography
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Antibacterial Activity of Fructose-Stabilized Silver Nanoparticles Produced by Direct Current Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge towards Quarantine Pests
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The Impact of Direct Normal Irradiation on the Solar Tower Power Plant Performance based on Real and Satellite Data: Analysis on Algerian Regions
PublicationThe present paper presents a deep study on the possibility of implementing Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) plants in Algeria for the production of the electrical energy. Indeed, this paper focusses mainly on the main parameters, which can have an important impact on the choice of the location, the dimension and the available thermal energy storage system. In this study, three main parameters are investigate...
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The influence of stabilizers on the production of gold nanoparticles by direct current atmospheric pressure glow microdischarge generated in contact with liquid flowing cathode
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Analysis of serum homocysteine in the laboratory practice - comparison of the direct chemiluminescence immunoassay and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescent detection
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Hydrothermal modification of TiO2 nanotubes in water and alkali metal electrolytes (LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3) – Direct evidence for photocatalytic activity enhancement
PublicationThe influence of hydrothermal annealing (HA) of TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) in various baths (H2O, LiNO3, NaNO3, KNO3 performed for 4 h, 24 h, 64 h), on their photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic properties, was studied. The use of electrolytes was to enable the monitoring of photoactivity changes as a result of the expected impact on the population of hydroxyl groups on the surface. The assumption turned out to be correct and...
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Electric transport in organic system with planar DBP/F16ZnPc junction on the basis of direct current and small signal admittance spectra analysis
PublicationThe objective of this work was to determine electric transport in the organic device based on a planar junction of electron donor and electron acceptor materials, namely ITO/MoO3/DBP/F16ZnPc/BCP/Ag. The analysis reported herein was based on direct current-voltage measurements and small-signal admittance spectra in the dark and under illumination. Such analysis may provide information on potential barriers, parasitic resistances...
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Aqueous solutions of NMA, Na2HPO4 , and NaH2PO4 as models for interaction studies in phosphate–protein systems
PublicationPhosphate buffers are essential for many areas of studies. However, their influence on buffered systems is often ignored. The phosphate salts can interact with biologically important macromolecules (e.g. proteins) and stabilize or destabilize them. With our research, we want to answer question what kind of interactions, if any, occur between phosphate ions and a protein backbone model — N-methylacetamide (NMA). ATR-FTIR spectroscopy...
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Development of direct-current, atmospheric-pressure, glow discharges generated in contact with flowing electrolyte solutions for elemental analysis by optical emission spectrometry
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Adsorption of anionic dye Direct Red 23 onto magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes-Fe3C nanocomposite: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics
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Direct determination of paraquat herbicide by square-wave voltammetry by two-step transfer mechanism at heterogeneous boron-doped carbon nanowall electrodes
PublicationBoron-doped carbon nanowalls (B:CNW) versus boron-doped diamond (BDD) materials were investigated for the effective electrochemical detection of highly toxic herbicide paraquat (PQ). Depending on the surface morphology and functional groups of BDD and B:CNWs, the electrochemical absorption and detection of the target analyte PQ revealed different detection mechanisms. The surface absorption mechanism was mainly observed for BDD,...
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Boron-doped carbon nanowalls for fast and direct detection of cytochrome C and ricin by matrix-free laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry
PublicationDetecting proteins via surface assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) method is still highly challenging, and only few examples of nanomaterials have been demonstrated to perform such detection so far. In this study, carbon nanowalls (CNWs), vertically aligned graphene sheet-based materials, presenting specific morphology, dimensions, and boron doping levels have shown improved performances for both qualitative...
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High-temperature Co-electrolysis of CO2/H2O and direct methanation over Co-impregnated SOEC. Bimetallic synergy between Co and Ni
PublicationTo study the synergy between the transition metals for enhancing the electrochemical and chemical activity, a series of SOECs were modified with a small amount of Co ions, namely 1.8, 3.6, and 5.4 wt% in the reduced state. The addition of βCD into the precursor solution allowed for extremely fine dispersion of Co species across the Ni-YSZ cermet structure. The sample containing 3.6 wt% Co reached an outstanding over 2.5-times-higher...
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The Application of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS) Technique in Corrosion and Corrosion Inhibition Studies
Publicationorrosion studies have attracted considerable interest in the areas of materials chemistry and industrial chemistry, as it affects the direct and indirect costs of industry, leading to huge economic setbacks due to the need for repair, maintenance, and even shutdowns due corrosion damage. This new volume is a comprehensive resource that presents new and up-to-date, theoretical, and experimental corrosion inhibition studies.
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Formulation of Time-Fractional Electrodynamics Based on Riemann-Silberstein Vector
PublicationIn this paper, the formulation of time-fractional (TF) electrodynamics is derived based on the Riemann-Silberstein (RS) vector. With the use of this vector and fractional-order derivatives, one can write TF Maxwell’s equations in a compact form, which allows for modelling of energy dissipation and dynamics of electromagnetic systems with memory. Therefore, we formulate TF Maxwell’s equations using the RS vector and analyse their...
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Effect of the addition of non-ionic surfactants on the emission characteristic of direct current atmospheric pressure glow discharge generated in contact with a flowing liquid cathode
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Application of Direct Current Atmospheric Pressure Glow Microdischarge Generated in Contact with a Flowing Liquid Solution for Synthesis of Au-Ag Core-Shell Nanoparticles
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Proteomic analysis of stipe explants reveals differentially expressed proteins involved in early direct somatic embryogenesis of the tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb
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Improvement of time difference of arrival measurements resolution by using fractional delay filters in a direct sequence-code division multiple access radionavigation system
PublicationThis study presents a method of improving time measurements resolution in a direct sequence-code division multiple access receiver by using a fine code tracking loop based on fractional delay filtering of a despreading sequence. It briefly describes the structure of a generic digital code tracking loop and the proposed modification which allows to measure time difference of arrival values with the subsample resolution, together...
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ON ESTIMATION OF OCCUPANT SAFETY IN VEHICULAR CRASHES INTO ROADSIDE OBSTACLES USING NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
PublicationThe article describes a comparison of two general methods of occupants safety estimation based on a numerical examples. The so-called direct method is mainly based on the Head Injury Criterion of a crash test dummy in a vehicle with passive safety system while the indirect method uses a European standards approach to estimate impact severity level. Numerical simulations in LS-DYNA have been conducted.
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Rozwój badań nad kapitałem marki bazującym na konsumencie – przegląd literatury
PublicationCelem artykułu jest prezentacja koncepcji kapitału marki bazującego na konsumencie (CBBE) oraz dotychczasowego dorobku badawczego w zakresie jego pomiaru . Realizacja tak postawionego celu wymagała przeprowadzenia wyczerpujących studiów literatury na ten temat, która wyróżnia dwa oddzielne podejścia do pomiaru CBBE: podejście bezpośrednie oraz pośrednie. Artykuł dostarcza menedżerom marki wiedzy na temat głównych kierunków ich...
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Alpha-pinene isomerization over Ti-SBA-15 catalysts obtained by the direct method: The influence of titanium content, temperature, catalyst amount and reaction time
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Amplification of a single-locus variable-number direct-repeats with restriction fragment length polymorphism (DR-PCR/RFLP) for genetic typing of Acinetobacter baumannii strains
PublicationW celu poszukiwania nowych metod typowania genetycznego szczepów Acinetobacter baumannii przydatnych w szpitalnych badaniach epidemiologicznych przeprowadzono analizę dostępnych w banku genów sekwencji szczepów referencyjnych na obecność nowych motywów repetytywnych. Do badania polimorfizmu sekwencji repetytywnych w szczepach Acinetobacter sp. wykorzystano proste powtórzenia typu "direct repeat" (DR) zlokalizowane w jednym miejscu...